Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Advancing High-Speed Rail Policy In The United States, Research Report 11-18, Seananu Ashiabor, Wenbin Wei

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report builds on a review of international experience with high-speed rail projects to develop recommendations for a High-speed rail policy framework for the United States. The international review looked at the experience of Korea, Taiwan, China, and several countries in Europe. Countries in Asia and Europe have pursued high-speed rail (HSR) to achieve various goals, which include relieving congestion on highway networks, freeing up capacity on rail network for freight train operations, and reducing travel time for travelers. Some of the key rationales do not work well in the US context. As an example, in the US, freight companies …

Developing A Technology Integration Residency Model: The Catalyst Project Report, Sandra Hirsh, Ruth Metz, Scott Brown, Laura Serrano, Sheila Gurtu, Lisa Valdez, Jane Fisher

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Internet Use By Students Of Faculty Of Science In Two Nigerian Universities, Joseph Kehinde Fasae, Fasa Rachael Aladeniyi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Internets are loose amalgamation of computer networks interconnected worldwide through several backbone networks (Adomi, 2008). It emerges as the educational tool by being a good source of getting the right information and solution to problems in an academic environment. Core research findings have been traced to the universities and application of these innovations has resulted in tremendous gains to country's economy according to Awoleye, Siyanbola and Oladipo (2008). No wonders, a number of universities in Nigeria are now making emphatics moves to improve on their information and communication policies.

Internet appearance in higher education was used as a tool …

Disruptive Readers In Academic Libraries: A Study Of Olabisi Onabanjo University Library, F.A. Oyesiku, O. Buraimo, O.F. Olusanya

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Academic libraries have a pivotal role in the transmission of information and knowledge in higher educational institutions. They are to facilitate the teaching, learning and research functions of their respective institutions. Academic libraries managers they are expected to acquire, preserve and disseminate information resources that would satisfy the needs of both present and future users (Maidabino 2010). Aside from theft, mutilation, hiding and other disruptive measures, borrowing privileges is an important means of giving access to library collections for personal, educational, and socio-economic advancement. Gelfand (2005) in Maidabino (2010), calls the library, "the only centralized location where new and …

Systematic Procedures To Determine Incentive / Disincentive Dollar Amounts For Highway Transportation Construction Projects, Research Report 11-22, Jae-Ho Pyeon, Eul-Bum Lee

Mineta Transportation Institute

The Federal Highway Administration has encouraged state transportation agencies to implement Incentive/Disincentive (I/D) contracting provisions for early project completion. Although general guidelines to determine the I/D dollar amount for a project are available, there is no systematic and practical tool in use to determine optimum I/D dollar amounts for I/D projects considering road user cost, agency cost, contractor’s acceleration cost, and contractor’s cost savings. Therefore, systematic procedures and models to assist project planners and engineers in determining an appropriate I/D dollar amount are essential to optimizing the use of I/D contracting techniques. This research performed a literature review related to …

Public Bikesharing In North America: Early Operator And User Understanding, Mti Report 11-19, Susan A. Shaheen

Mineta Transportation Institute

This study evaluates public bikesharing in North America, reviewing the advances in technology and major events during its rapid expansion. We conducted 14 interviews with industry experts, public officials, and governmental agencies in the United States and Canada during summer 2011/spring 2012 and interviewed all 19 IT-based bikesharing organizations in the United States and Canada in spring 2012. Several bikesharing insurance experts were also consulted in spring 2012. Notable developments during this period include the emergence of a close partnership between vendor and operator and technological advances, such as mobile bike-docking stations that can be moved to different locations and …

Residential On-Site Carsharing And Off-Street Parking Policy In The San Francisco Bay Area, Research Report 11-28, Charles Rivasplata, Zhan Guo, Richard W. Lee, David Keyon

Mineta Transportation Institute

In light of rising motorization, transportation planners have increasingly supported alternatives to the indiscriminate use of the car. Off-street parking policy and carsharing have emerged as credible alternatives for discouraging car ownership. This report explores an initiative that could connect these policy fields and build on their synergy: the provision of on-site carsharing service in residential developments. It evaluates the performance of on-site carsharing programs in the San Francisco Bay Area by interviewing developers, planners, and carsharing service providers. Interviews were conducted in four Bay Area cities that support the provision of carsharing as an alternative to the private automobile. …

Amenity Or Necessity? Street Standards As Parking Policy, Research Report 11-23, Zhan Guo, Charles Rivasplata, Richard W. Lee, David Keyon

Mineta Transportation Institute

This paper explores the rationales underlying the use of minimum street width requirements to mandate street parking. A survey of 97 cities reveals that this mandate is not a technical necessity based on safety concerns or an amenity reflecting market demand, two common beliefs held by decision-makers. Many residents are likely unwilling to pay for street parking if it is unbundled from housing. The hidden parking policies should be made transparent and subject to public oversight, the double standard between private and public streets should be eliminated, and parking on residential streets should be optional.

Sfx, Information Needs, The Academic Library, And Its User, Keren Barner, Sharon Tal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Libraries need an efficient way to manage their diverse electronic resources. At the same time, they need a tool that provides users with easy access to those digital items. Guaranteed simple and reliable access to full text sources (depending on existing subscriptions of course) is one of the main concerns of libraries in the digital age. The tool that supplied the solution to this problem is the OpenURL link resolver. (Ponsford, Stephens & Sewell, 2011).

Today, SFX by Ex Libris is the most widely used OpenURL link resolver (Robertson &. Soderdahl, 2004). This article examines whether SFX can be …

Lis Curriculum Review Using Focus Group Interviews Of Employers, Khalid Mahmood

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The employers of library and information science graduates are many and varied in nature. Designing an LIS educational program for diversified needs and expectations of the employers is very difficult. Library schools are always expected to get input from the consumers of their product about their changing expectations and needed skill set of the graduates. IFLA guidelines (2000) and ALA standards (2008) for LIS educational programs also acknowledge the employers’ right to know whether a given program is of good standing. They recommend the involvement of employers in planning and evaluation of program goals/objectives and curriculum. They also recommend …

A Review Of Problems And Challenges Of Library Professionals In Developing Countries Including Pakistan, Shakeel Ahmad Khan, Rubina Bhatti

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

“A librarian is a person who looks after the storage and retrieval of information. In a workplace, the librarian is usually a professional who is trained and educated to deal with information in a wide variety of formats and settings” (WordiQ, 2010). Librarian helps users to navigate into the voyage of internet and evaluate information efficiently. Librarian offers a helping hand for users to find out the required piece of information and to use it for personal and professional purposes (BLS, 2011). Due to the advent of Internet, World Wide Web and proliferation of online catalogue, the role of …

Addressing Change In Academic Libraries: A Review Of Classical Organizational Theory And Implications For Academic Libraries, Glenn S. Mcguigan

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

While in the literature of Library and information Science (LIS) there is much discussion of organizational approaches to solve the problems and opportunities posed by change, there is surprisingly little reference to the “classical” foundations of organizational theory. While by no means comprehensive, the purpose of this article is to provide an overview of classical organizational theory for academic librarians to inform the discussions of change.

How should academic libraries respond to change? Change impacts academic libraries from many dimensions, causing an intensity of introspection and soul searching never before seen in the field’s history. This self-reflection brings into …

Challenges Of Public Libraries Patrons In The Use Of Information Services For Attainment Of Health Millennium Development Goals, Abiola Modupeola Omotosho, Olatokunbo Christopher Okiki

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Nigeria, as a country is still at the implementation stage of attaining the MDGs because of her slow developmental process and political instability, which has been a bane to achieving any set target aimed at improving the lives of her citizenry. The area of health related issues are included, maternal and child mortality has plagued the country through time. Lately, government and stakeholders are discussing development of health policies, establishment of health centres, and setting up information management centres on health for some hospitals in the country. However, Public libraries have been overlooked in this regard. Undermining the role …

Status Of E-Theses Repositories With Special Reference To India, Shantashree Sengupta

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

In the past, researchers were not able to access all the scholarly literature published across the world due to lack of proper communication technologies. With the advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), this problem is solved to a major extent and the results of the research going throughout the world is made available to the public without any restriction. The researchers adopted Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) in 2002 and with the help of Open Access (OA) made the research literature available to the world wide user community.

The Open Access Movement

In the last few years, the …

Workers Training Programmes In Two University Libraries In Nigeria, M. A. Adeniji, G. A. Babalola, Moses A. Adeniji

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The most valuable resources in Nigeria higher institutions are the human resource; these personnel serve as a major factor in success or failure of various citadels of learning. Human resources in higher institution according to Alani (1993) are the lecturers, librarians, administrators, technical and unskilled personnel. These human resources co-ordinate and process other material resources to produce educational output. The academic staff is directly responsible for teaching and research and they form the bulk of personnel engaged in institutional services, while the administrative, technical and other staff provide a supporting service to the academic staff.

Libraries play an important …

Connectivity And Accessibility In Nigerian University Libraries: A Survey Of Access, Usage, And Problems In The University Of Nigeria, Nsukka, E.D. Chigbu, C.L. Dim

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The Internet is a connection of computers around the world to share data and information. It started life in America in the 1960s. It was later popularized by the United States National Science Foundation (NSFNET), the first nationwide educational network linking universities and academic research establishments. In the 1990s the CERN laboratories of Switzerland and the European laboratory for practical physics jointly developed the most rapidly growing part of the Internet. This is known as World Wide Web (WWW). This allows graphics and even video to be moved across telephone lines, bringing about more possibilities to the Internet.

The …

Cataloguing In The Era Of Ict: What Is Happening In Public Libraries Of South-East Nigeria, Jacintha U. Eze

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The public library, being a local centre for information – making a variety of information and knowledge available to its users, requires a well planned and good method of organizing and keeping the records of its materials. This is the reason why cataloguing and classification in any library should be given the necessary professional touch(s) especially in the era information communication technology (ICT). ICT in the words of Ejedafiru (2010) refers to technology that transmits, stores, creates, displays, shares, or exchanges information by electronic means.

Cataloguing and classification of a book simply put, has to do with sieving out …

Preservation And Conservation Issues In Selected Private Universities In South-West Nigeria, Miracle Eka Njeze

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Librarians the world over are tasked with the responsibility of acquiring, processing, disseminating this information to users, and due to constant exposure of clients to these materials the rate of degradation increases. Every library is prone to two kinds of deterioration: biological deterioration caused by insect attack/fungi growth or environmental deterioration caused by extreme dampness, wide fluctuations of relative humidity, variations in temperatures, light and atmospheric pollutants (Maravilla, 2008).

Library materials consist of media, non-book and non-print resources. Examples of media resources include computer hard-drive, databases, library software; non book materials include CD ROMs, audio and video tape, while …

Impact Of Ict Skills On The Use Of E-Resources By Information Professionals: A Review Of Related Literature, Ganiyu Oluwaseyi Quadri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Today libraries are shifting their role from the custodian of traditional information resources to the provider of service-oriented digital information resources. Widespread use of computers, increased reliance on computer networks, rapid growth of the Internet and explosion in the quality and quantity of information compelled libraries to adopt new means and methods for the storage, retrieval and dissemination of information.

The modernization of libraries and information centers enabled information transfer and access, there by establishes a network of libraries and information centres. This initiative helped in resource development, resource sharing and their utilization at various levels. Information professionals subscribe …

Reducing Gender Discrimination And Violence Against Women Through Library And Information Services, Francis O. Anaeme

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

Gender discrimination and violence against women are global phenomena as old as human history. Women's rights are the freedom and entitlement of women of human rights without discrimination or violation. Women's rights are rights inherent in nature and guaranteed by law. Therefore g,ender discrimination and violence against women are contrary to fundamental human rights, equity, natural justice and good governance. Reconstructing women's rights, gender discrimination and violence through library and information services deliveryis aimed at making information available to all this topical issue. In human rights issues availability and access to information on the nature of women's rights …

Web Based Information Sources And Services: A Case Study Of St. Stephen’S College, University Of Delhi, Raj Kumar Bhardwaj, Parmjeet K. Walia

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The college library plays an important role in the overall development of students. Undergraduate students often visit the library to consult previous question papers and syllabi, to borrow books and other material, and to use other services. With the application of information technology and the advent of Web-based services, contents are now available to students on their desktop. Various consortia provide access to digital contents any time and in any place. Students want to see traditional services transformed into digital information services. College libraries provide information that can help lead students to graduate, post graduate, and research studies (Jefferson …

International Legal Collections At U.S. Academic Law School Libraries, Camelia Naranch

School of Information Student Research Journal

This study examines how law librarians are participating in the process of creating new fields of international legal research and training. It investigates the current state of international legal collections at twelve public and private U.S. academic law school libraries, illuminating in the process some of the significant shifts that characterize the nature of professional librarianship and information science in the twenty-first century. Included in the study is a discussion of the reference works, research guides, and databases that make up these international legal collections. This is followed by a brief assessment of the trends and challenges that librarians face …

Using Organization Theory To Explore The Changing Role Of Medical Libraries, Kathy J. Fatkin

School of Information Student Research Journal

This historical research review uses organization theory to describe and interpret the evolution of American hospitals, medical libraries, and the role of the professional librarian. Various organization theories are applied to explain changes in hospitals and medical libraries over time. The interaction between the organization and the environment as described in organization theory shaped the emergence of today's information services. For readers unfamiliar with health sciences libraries, the study will provide a glimpse into the social forces that framed the development of this type of special library.

An Exploratory Study Of Online Information Regarding Colony Collapse Disorder, Meredith K. Boehm

School of Information Student Research Journal

The cause or causes of Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) are uncertain. CCD defines specific characteristics of the nationwide deaths of honey bee colonies in the last decade. Adult bees often disappear from the hive and die, leaving the colony weak and vulnerable to disease. Environmental scientists and agriculturalists have developed many different theories about CCD and its origins. The different theories create challenges regarding the effective dissemination of information about CCD to the different realms of public information seekers. There is a need for an exploration of the online communication of CCD information using federal environmental agency web resources. CCD …

Certification Of Librarians: An Unproven Demand, Jonathan Pacheco Bell

School of Information Student Research Journal

This paper examines whether certification of librarians is necessary to ensure high quality service. The paper explains the purpose of professional certification and provides a synopsis of the history of national librarian certification initiatives in the U.S. A literature review evaluates arguments supporting and opposing certification. Arguments in favor of certification are unconvincing and reveal certification supporters’ professional insecurities, failure to consider the certification bureaucracy that would be created, and lack of evidence to support their claims. Given these findings, the paper concludes that librarian certification is unnecessary. Library professionals are encouraged to take other proactive steps to expand their …

Value Of The Research Methods Course: Voices From Lis Practitioners, Lili Luo

School of Information Student Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Closing The Research/Practice Gap: The Journey From Student To Practitioner, Stacey Nordlund

School of Information Student Research Journal

No abstract provided.

From Private Regulation To Public Policy: The Case Of Corporate Non-Financial Reporting, Matthew Maguire

Faculty Publications, School of Management

No abstract provided.

Spartan Daily May 15, 2012, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 138, Issue 55

Spartan Daily May 14, 2012, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 138, Issue 54