Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Contemporary Causes Of Americans' Fear Of Illegal Immigration, Amilie Cai

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Annually, the U.S. aspires to extend its liberality by opening its border to more than ten thousand refugees. In this paper, I examine how political party identification, census region, and internet usage influence U.S. adults' fear of illegal immigration. Relying on the 2023 Chapman Survey of American Fears, a representative national sample of U.S. adults, I find that political party has remained a consistent predictor for an American’s fear of illegal immigration, with people who align themselves with the Republican Party in 2022 being more afraid of illegal immigration compared to other political parties, such as the Democrat Party. In …

Practice Facilitation And Peer Coaching For Uncontrolled Hypertension Among Black Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Monika M Safford, Doyle M Cummings, Jacqueline R Halladay, James M Shikany, Joshua Richman, Suzanne Oparil, James Hollenberg, Alyssa Adams, Muna Anabtawi, Lynn Andreae, Elizabeth Baquero, Joanna Bryan, Debra Sanders-Clark, Ethel Johnson, Erica Richman, Orysya Soroka, Jimmy Tillman, Andrea L Cherrington

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Rural Black participants need effective intervention to achieve better blood pressure (BP) control.

OBJECTIVE: Among Black rural adults with persistently uncontrolled hypertension attending primary care clinics, to determine whether peer coaching (PC), practice facilitation (PF), or both (PCPF) are superior to enhanced usual care (EUC) in improving BP control.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted in 69 rural primary care practices across Alabama and North Carolina between September 23, 2016, and September 26, 2019. The participating practices were randomized to 4 groups: PC plus EUC, PF plus EUC, PCPF plus EUC, and EUC alone. …

The Cooling Impact Of Urban Greening: A Systematic Review Of Methodologies And Data Sources, Saman Galalizadeh, Angus Morrison-Saunders, Pierre Horwitz, Richard Silberstein, David Blake

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Urban greening is a practical adaptation to improve the liveability of a city by providing urban cooling. This paper systematically evaluates the existing literature to understand the methodologies and associated data sources for determining the cooling effect provided by urban greening. A bibliometric analysis, including research focus parallelship network analysis and keyword co-occurrence network analysis using Gephi and BibExcel, was first performed on 156 articles to identify the main resulting research themes in cooling provided by UGAs. Subsequently, 72 of these were selected to extract more information, such as the focus, the measured parameters, the methods, and tools employed to …

Expectations And Marriageability In African Americans: A Qualitative Content Analysis, Ashley Miller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to identify individual factors that work alongside structural factors limiting the marriage rate of educated African American men to educated African American women. Previous research identified structural factors related to systemic racism that contribute to the marriage gap between Black men and women in America. The researcher in this study conducted a focus group with three Black men and another focus group with three Black women in order to identify any individual expectations or characteristics that each group considers when evaluating a partner’s marriageability. Data was analyzed using conversation content analysis techniques on focus group responses. Findings …

Risk, Protection And Mental Health Among Incarcerated People, Cecilie Froulund Jensen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Approximately 40 percent of incarcerated adults experience some history of mental illness, whereas prevalence in the general population is less than 20 percent (Criss & John, 2023). The Survey of Prison Inmates (SPI) is a self-reported survey, examining numerous aspects of prisoners’ life. It has been used to quantify the prevalence of both physical and mental health problems, however, little or no examination regarding the underlying health determinants has been done. The current study assessed state prisoners in the United States and examined both risk and protective factors (historical and current) and their relationships to mental health. The results showed …

Exploring The Governmental Intervention, Journalistic Approach, And Theories Involved In Reducing Poverty Journalistic For A Special Project – Feature Story On Non-Profit Organization Called Circles In Northwest Arkansas, Trevor Spencer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over the 60 years since President Johnson declared the War on Poverty, with close to 40 million people currently in poverty nationwide as of 2022, government measures of the issue, like the Federal Poverty Level and Supplementary Poverty Measure, have continued to be significant determiners for who is constituted as poor. Yet, framing of the poor by sociologists has shifted to a more multi-dimensional approach to who constitutes as poor and how to help them. This means that the definition of poverty is beginning to include a larger set of deprivation unaccounted for in a nation where the definition of …

Examining The Direct And Mediating Relationship Between Immigration, Family Structure, And Crime: A Community-Level Analysis., Obed Asare

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT Amidst debate about immigration into the United States, many in the public and varying levels of government have questioned its impact on vital social institutions of social control. Public perception often associates immigrants with increased crime, though empirical research reveals a consistently null or negative association at the community-level. Scholars have proposed that immigrants contribute to community revitalization and foster social control, at least some of which may be tied to the ways that immigration reshapes aggregate family structures across the community. However, few empirical studies examine this important relationship. The current study aims to bridge this gap in …

Emergence: Social Movements, Law Enforcement, And Defending The Sanctity Of Life, Diana Elizabeth Aroche

Doctoral Dissertations

This study examines the aftermath of national social movements advocating for police reforms and accountability, with San Francisco emerging as a pivotal city at the forefront of criminal justice and policing transformations. Rebuilding community trust and implementing substantive police reforms aimed at preserving lives has proven to be a formidable challenge. The convergence of interests among all stakeholders, driven by a shared commitment to dismantling institutional racism and implementing reforms that fostered trust with communities of color and law enforcement, played a pivotal role.

A significant aspect of this reform process has been the development of social movement convergence, where …

The Aspirations Of The Youth Of South Sudan Towards Tertiary Technical Education, Peace, Development And Civic Engagements, Sunil Orathel

Doctoral Dissertations

South Sudan, the youngest nation in the world, gained independence on July 9, 2011, following many long years of civil war and untold human suffering. After a decade of independence and millions spent from international assistance, neither stability nor development have been secured in the country. Although primary education is improving, tertiary education, particularly tertiary technical education, is considered a neglected sector. This descriptive mixed-method study documents and analyzes 1,461 surveys and 60 interviews, capturing the aspirations of the secondary school youth and stakeholders across the nation of South Sudan towards tertiary technical education, peace, development and civic engagements. Historical …

Analysis Of The Relationship Between Religion, Abortion, And Assisted Reproductive Technology: Insights Into Cross-National Public Opinion, Amy L. Adamczyk, Brittany Suh, Lindsay Lerner

Publications and Research

With advancement in reproductive technologies, public opinion regarding these procedures varies considerably across the world. While prominent public debates have focused on abortion, we know less about the factors shaping feelings regarding Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Both procedures challenge the idea that human life starts with conception – with the fertilization of an embryo. Using European Values Survey data and multilevel modeling, we compare how religion and other personal and country-level factors shape disapproval toward abortion and ART. Conservative Protestants and people who are more engaged with their religion and live in a more religious country are more likely to …

Collateral Consequences: The Effects Of Justice Processing For Violations Of Drug Laws In New York City, John K. Roman, Gregory Haugan, Benjamin Schapiro, Sofia Rodriguez

Publications and Research

As part of the NYC Police Reform and Reinvention Collaborative, the Mayor’s Office of Criminal Justice partnered with the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College and the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago to examine economic factors related to drug-related crimes and arrests. Focusing on Task 84 of the Reform Initiative Tracker, NORC researchers analyzed public data to explore how neighborhood-level economic indicators, such as property values and tax assessments, correlate with drug-related criminal justice contacts. The study supports ongoing efforts to implement and monitor reforms across New York City.

A Study Of Cybersecurity Landscape In The United States: Trend, Regional Variations, And Socioeconomic Factors, Trang Thi Thu Horn

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Internet has become an essential part of our daily lives. Cyberspace has emerged significantly with an enormous number of users, creating a lucrative hunting field for cybercriminals. The exponential growth of internet users and online activities, along with the increased sophistication of cybercrimes, is raising significant global concerns for individuals, organizations, and governments. This research aims to explore the cybersecurity landscape in the United States, investigate regional variations, and the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of cybercrimes. The study utilizes a mixed research method approach, including historical analysis and a Delphi study. Historical analysis studied …

Finding Ways To Transform A College Going Culture And Aspirations Of Latinx Students, Martin Macias

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Misgendering As A Microaggression: Gender Expression And Trans Pedagogy, Mylene Gibbs

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Edukasi Arkeologi Pada Galeri Rumah Susun Kampung Kunir Jakarta, Nabilla Putri Irianti, Amara Bittaqwa

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Di Batavia, terdapat banyak peninggalan arkeologi berupa bangunan, seperti benteng, kantor pemerintahan, gudang penyimpanan, dan sebagainya. Beberapa peninggalan arkeologis ini sering ditemukan terkubur selama proses konstruksi. Tinggalan masa lalu Batavia antara lain ditemukan ketika ekskavasi pembangunan Rumah Susun Kampung Kunir. Temuan-temuan ini dikumpulkan dan ditunjukkan kepada masyarakat pada galeri yang terletak di bawah bangunan Kampung Rumah Susun Kunir. Namun, setahun setelah penghunian, galeri kurang mendapatkan perhatian masyarakat, termasuk para penghuni rumah susun. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Program Studi Arkeologi Universitas Indonesia adalah merevitalisasi galeri untuk lebih memperkenalkan tinggalan arkeologi tersebut dan mengedukasi masyarakat sekitar, terutama para penghuni generasi …

Penguatan Nilai Penting Cagar Budaya Kepada Siswa Dan Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri Depok 1 Di Kawasan Depok Lama, Dian Sulistyowati

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Kota Depok, terutama kawasan Depok Lama, merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki berbagai peninggalan dari masa kolonial. Sebagai saksi perjalanan panjang Kota Depok, SDN Pancoran Mas 2 memiliki nilai penting baik dari segi arkeologi, sejarah, arsitektur, dan juga budaya. Bangunan SDN Pancoran Mas 2 telah ditetapkan sebagai bangunan cagar budaya sehingga aspek pelestarian menjadi satu hal utama yang harus dikedepankan. Pelestarian ini tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek kebendaan (tangible), tetapi juga aspek takbenda (intangible), mengingat bahwa bangunan ini merupakan representasi identitas dan warisan budaya milik masyarakat Depok. Untuk membangun rasa kesadaran dan kepemilikan sekaligus penguatan nilai …

Food Policy Council, Alexandra G. Winn, Kirsten Hannah Jaquish, Shelby Lynn Davis, Alexandra N. Ehlers, Joshua Lohnes

Undergraduate Scholarship

Nourishing Networks is a workshop that promotes the development of Food Policy Councils, which are a group of community members that advocate for the Right to Food in their community. Through conversation surrounding food access barriers and strategies in their community, the workshop aims to educate participants on how they can improve food access in their community. This research project sought to conduct Nourishing Networks meetings in a variety of West Virginia counties with the intention of accompanying local community members and organizations to create a Food Policy Council for their region. Using a standardized organization process, curriculum, and reporting …

Reclaiming Housing For Sustainable And Equitable Development, Ethan Harner, Gabrielle Fraizer, Bradley Wilson

Undergraduate Scholarship

Across West Virginia, Appalachia, the South, and other regions which have borne the historic brunt of extraction, capital flight, and systemic lack of opportunity, cooperative and community-based solutions to economic challenges have historically and presently been found in and amongst marginalized communities. As a critical component of community wellbeing, development, and prosperity, we situate housing as a necessary component to the understanding of cooperative, grassroots, and solidarity forms of economic organization. In this we explore the ways community-based housing solutions contribute to senses of community and solidarity both within housing structures and the broader community. We place these findings in …

Seeding Sparks For The Right To Food, Alexandra Grace Winn, Shelby Lynn Davis, Kirsten Hannah Jaquish, Alexandra N. Ehlers, Joshua Lohnes

Undergraduate Scholarship

Seeding Sparks for The Right to Food partnered with Voices of Hunger to disperse a grant to community leaders. These community leaders have projects that are aimed to advance the Right to Food and promote food security. This project interviewed the applicants and pulled out common themes among their responses to further understand their motivations and passions related to food justice.

Arkeologi Masuk Sekolah Desa Salenrang (Geopark Maros-Pangkep): Sebuah Wujud Kepedulian Untuk Edukasi Dan Desa Berkelanjutan, Najla Khaulah Safinatunnajah, Regine Balinda, Aqilla Nurriya

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Arkeologi Masuk Sekolah Desa Salenrang (Maros-Pangkep) merupakan program kepedulian masyarakat Universitas Indonesia (UI) yang bertujuan untuk mengedukasi dan mengetahui potensi bentang alam dan peninggalan arkeologi. Hal tersebut juga bertujuan menumbuhkan sense of belonging terhadap siswa-siswi SD tersebut akan peninggalan nenek moyang mereka. Program dijalankan pada siswa kelas 6 yang berasal dari tiga sekolah, yaitu siswa SDN 221 Inpres Rammang-Rammang, SDN 28 Salenrang, dan SDN 219 Inpres Pannambungan. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan adalah perpaduan antara deskripsi kualitatif sebagai pemetaan awal dan participatory action research (PAR) pada implementasi lapangan yang disertai pre-test dan post-test. Melalui evaluasi dari post-test, hasil …

Pelatihan Pengolahan Sampah Di Desa Olehsari Banyuwangi, Fajar Muhammad Nugraha, Rahadjeng Pulungsari, Albert P. J. Roring

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008, sampah didefinisikan sebagai sisa kegiatan sehari-hari manusia atau proses yang mengandung unsur tertentu. Sampah menjadi masalah utama dalam sektor pariwisata di Indonesia. Pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan pengetahuan daur ulang beberapa sampah dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan sampah. Desa Olehsari di Kabupaten Banyuwangi merupakan salah satu desa tujuan wisata di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia melalui Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia (PPM UI) dengan judul kegiatan “Pelatihan Pengolahan Sampah di Desa Olehsari Banyuwangi” telah memberikan manfaat pengetahuan dan keterampilan warga Desa Olehsari dalam mengelompokkan dan mengelola sampah. Luaran dari kegiatan ini mencakup buku saku …

Peek Acuity Sebagai Alat Model Sederhana Untuk Skrining Gangguan Penglihatan Pada Komunitas Penderita Kusta, Yunia Irawati

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Gangguan penglihatan yang dapat dicegah dengan deteksi dan pengobatan dini memiliki insidensi yang tinggi, salah satunya gangguan penglihatan akibat infeksi kronis pada penderita kusta. Studi menyimpulkan sekitar 14,3% penderita kusta mengalami kebutaan pada satu mata dan 22,2% penderita kusta mengalami gangguan penglihatan. Dengan angka yang cukup tinggi, pemeriksaan mata, terutama pemeriksaan visus, menjadi pemeriksaan skrining yang penting bertujuan untuk menentukan gangguan penglihatan pada penderita kusta serta untuk klasifikasi WHO mengenai derajat disabilitas kusta sebagai basis data untuk pengobatan dini. Sebagai langkah awal, pemeriksaan tajam penglihatan (visus) sangat penting dilakukan pada komunitas penderita kusta. Diperlukan alat yang dapat diakses, andal, dan …

Maternal Age And Inadequate Prenatal Care In West Virginia: A Project Watch Study, Madelin Gardner, Amna Umer, Brian Hendricks, Toni Marie Rudisill, Candice Lefeber, Collin John, Christa Lilly

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Adequate prenatal care (PNC) is essential to the overall health of mother and infant. Teen age and advanced maternal age (AMA) are known risk factors for poor birth outcomes. However, less is known about whether these age groups are associated with inadequate PNC.

Purpose: This study sought to determine the potential association between maternal age (in groups, aged 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, and >40) and inadequate PNC (visits).

Methods: West Virginia (WV) Project WATCH population-level data (May 2018–March 2022) were used for this study. Multiple logistic regressions were performed on inadequate PNC (less than 10 visits) with maternal age …

U.S. Births Hit A 43-Year Low, Kenneth M. Johnson

Carsey Publications

In this brief, Carsey Senior Demographer Kenneth Johnson reports that there were only 3,591,000 births in the United States in 2023, according to new data from National Center for Health Statistics. This is the fewest U.S. births since 1979, when the U.S. population was 225.1 million compared to 340 million in 2023. Births diminished because fertility rates declined significantly among women in their teens and twenties.

The long-term impact of the fertility decline has been substantial. Had 2007 fertility patterns been sustained through 2023, there would have been 10.6 million more births in the last 16 years.

A critical long-term …

Trilogies: Lessons From 50 Years Facilitating Community-Based Health Assessments And Planning In Appalachia, Bruce Behringer

Journal of Appalachian Health

Involvement of community and organizational groups is fundamental to most public ventures. Most social, health, economic, and educational improvements in Appalachia have been characterized by successfully integrating community input and finding ways to encourage organizational change and collaboration.

Managing group process and related facilitation skills are fundamental competencies for public health professionals and others guiding change efforts. Groups from communities and organizations can get stalled in their deliberations; a facilitator frequently must think quickly to diagnose the situation and propose alternative approaches. Creative and flexible approaches, learned through practice experiences, can blend with theories and frameworks learned in academic preparation …

Treatment At An Academic Medical Center Eliminates Survival Disparities For Appalachian Kentuckians With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Emily Cassim, Hannah Mcdonald, Megan Harper, Quan Chen, Miranda Lin, Reema Patel, Michael Cavnar, Prakash Pandalai, Bin Huang, Pamela C. Hull, Joseph Kim, Erin Burke

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Rates of cancer mortality in Appalachian Kentucky is among the highest in the nation. It is unknown whether geographic location of treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, influences survival in Appalachian Kentuckians.

Purpose: This study compares outcomes among Appalachian Kentuckians with PDAC who received treatment at an academic medical center (AMC) or community facility (CF).

Methods: Using the Kentucky Cancer Registry, patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2003 and 2018 were identified. Patients were categorized according to treatment location (AMC v. CF) and county of residence (Appalachian v. non-Appalachian). Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to …

Check With The Intended Audience First! Content Validation As A Method For Inclusive Research For Primary Care Engagement In Rural Appalachia, Sydeena E. Isaacs, Jennifer Schroeder Tyson, Ashley Parks, Danielle Adams

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: To date, referral practices based on social determinants of health (SDOH) among primary care providers (PCPs) and clinic staff in rural regions, including Appalachian North Carolina (NC), are not well understood.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and content validate a primary care engagement (PCE) survey to assess (1) engagement and burnout; (2) referral practices; and (3) self-efficacy and confidence in making referrals based on SDOH among PCPs and clinic staff in Appalachian NC.

Methods: Using the Social-Ecological Model as a theoretical framework, researchers developed a 37-item PCE survey. Content validation was completed by a panel of experts recruited …

Putting A Slam On Alcohol Violators Through Dram- How The State Of Ohio Can Improve The Day-To-Day Safety Of Its Residents Through Dram Laws, Steven Iwanek

Honors Projects

In the realm of legal frameworks governing the service and consumption of alcohol, Dram Shop Liability Laws play a pivotal role in holding establishments accountable for the consequences of alcohol-related incidents. These laws, known as dram laws, vary across states, delineating the responsibilities of alcohol servers and establishments in preventing the overconsumption of alcohol and the resultant harm. This examination delves into a comprehensive background of dram laws, particularly focusing on their historical evolution, their present implications, and the imperative need for refinement.

As societal dynamics and patterns of alcohol consumption evolve, so too must the legislative mechanisms designed to …

Museum Dan Sekolah: Sinergi Kebijakan Demokratisasi Kebudayaan Melalui Program Pembelajaran Seni Dan Budaya Di Kota La Rochelle - Prancis, Agung Wibowo, Dwi Winarsih, Atik Catur Budiati

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Our article describes the relationship between museums and schools as a policy of democratisation of French culture, a policy that has encouraged the ministry of education and the ministry of culture to work together in designing arts and culture learning programmes in museums and in schools. The case study of the implementation of the national policy of democratisation of culture by the municipality of La Rochelle is an important consideration that can help us to understand how the locality of public policy implementation in France can contribute specific characteristics to the cultural development and management of museums and schools. Arts …

Implementing And Marketing Diversity, Equity And Inclusion Practices And Resources: Creating The E‐Buzz!, Essraa Nawar, Kristin Laughtin-Dunker

Digital Initiatives Symposium

Leatherby Libraries Librarians are committed to supporting and promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion for students, faculty, researchers, and staff. We demonstrate this commitment holistically through the provision of all resources and services in support of teaching, learning, and research. Our goal is to reduce obstacles to accessing diverse research resources, services, learning, and engagement through educational outreach in order to raise awareness of diversity related issues.

In 2020, Library administration selected a Diversity and Outreach librarian that was charged with creating a comprehensive Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) and Outreach plan. As a result, a number of practices and initiatives …