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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 181 - 210 of 210
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Ability To Discriminate And Pronounce Foreign Language Phonemes As A Function Of Age, Maria J. Correa
Ability To Discriminate And Pronounce Foreign Language Phonemes As A Function Of Age, Maria J. Correa
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Fifty native English speakers (ages: 3, 9, 11 and adults) were asked to discriminate and pronounce Spanish words. The Wepman Auditory Discrimination Test was administered to the subjects to assess their discrimination abilities in their native language. A training session using English pairs of words showed that five-year-olds improved in their discrimination abilities after training but three-year-olds did not. Pronunciation was scored by two native Spanish speakers. Analyses revealed that older subjects pronounced the Spanish words significantly better than did younger subjects. Similar results were obtained for the analyses of Spanish phoneme pronunciation. Moreover, analyses of discrimination abilities on the …
Understanding The Accident Process: Crisis Intervention For The Industrially Injured, Karen W. Sharpe
Understanding The Accident Process: Crisis Intervention For The Industrially Injured, Karen W. Sharpe
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the concept of the accident process plays a significant role in determining the course of treatment for the industrially injured. The accident process suggests that underlying psycho-social factors may result in the occurrence and/or maintenance of a state of disability. This disabled state provides greater needs satisfaction for the individual than his habitual behavioral repertoire. the development of the accident process suggests a state of crisis, either as a result of chronic difficulty or an acute reaction to sudden onset of illness or injury. Total rehabilitation of the individual is facilitated by a crisis intervention approach.
Locus Of Control In Voluntary And Involuntary Psychiatric Patients, Christopher B. Karegeannes
Locus Of Control In Voluntary And Involuntary Psychiatric Patients, Christopher B. Karegeannes
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Psychiatric inpatients, consisting of 32 males and 33 females between the ages of 15 and 58 completed Rotter's (1966) Internal-External Locus of Control (I-E) Scale. The scale was administered individually to the patients at both admission and discharge, at the Crisis Stabilization Unit (CSU) in Orlando, Florida. Analysis of variance was used to determine whether there were significant differences due to commitment status (voluntary and involuntary), diagnosis (thought and affective and other disorders), and change scores (admission versus discharge). The hypothesis that involuntary patients would produce significantly higher scores was not confirmed. Further, no significant difference was found due to …
The Adult Client's Conception Of Confidentiality In The Therapeutic Relationship, Philip O. Toal
The Adult Client's Conception Of Confidentiality In The Therapeutic Relationship, Philip O. Toal
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The adult client's conception of confidentiality in the therapeutic relationship and the valuing of this confidentiality was examined and defined in this paper. The importance of confidentiality and its effect on the therapeutic process was explored. Many professionals in the field of mental health believe that confidentiality is a critical factor in the successful outcome of therapy (Hayt, 1977; Lowenthal, 1968; Reynolds, 1976; Tancredi & Slady, 1975). It is viewed that confidentiality is expected by clients when entering into a therapeutic relationship, and is essential in the therapeutic process. The variables that may affect the client's conception of, attitudes toward, …
The Influence Of Induced Self-Awareness On Sex-Typed Behavior, Kevin J. Lopyan
The Influence Of Induced Self-Awareness On Sex-Typed Behavior, Kevin J. Lopyan
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the experiment was to contrast a person's adherence to private and public standards of conduct under varying situational settings. Prior to the experimental session female undergraduate students filled out a questionnaire that asked about their own attitudes towards exercising. Two types of subjects were brought into the laboratory: those who privately favored exercise but believed that others would not approve of their exercise (henceforth referred to as "positive discrepancy" subjects), and those who privately did not favor exercise, but anticipated approval for it (henceforth referred to as "negative discrepancy" subjects). The laboratory setting involved pedaling a stationary …
Relationship Between Creativity, Intelligence, And Sex Role Attitudes In College Students, Deborah D. Roman
Relationship Between Creativity, Intelligence, And Sex Role Attitudes In College Students, Deborah D. Roman
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
During the late 50's and early 60's the topic of creativity gained popularity among the scientific community, resulting in a proliferation of research on creativity. This increase in popularity led to the development of numerous test batteries claiming to measure creativity. These included batteries by Wallach and Kogan, Guilford, and Torrance, Although these researchers differ somewhat in their definitions of creativity, all of these tests tend to measure divergent thinking (requiring the generation of unique new ideas by synthesizing and reorganizing the available information) as opposed to convergent thinking (requiring knowledge, memory, and recognition). The development of objective tests of …
The Upstream Approach In The Employee Assistance Program Concept, Raymond M. Thornton
The Upstream Approach In The Employee Assistance Program Concept, Raymond M. Thornton
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The employee assistance program (EAP) concept in industry is defined and examined in this paper. Stress is defined and its impact on the individual and the organization is examined. The development of a preventative model of an EAP which utilizes stress management techniques to prevent human suffering and lost company time is discussed. One of the main purposes of this research report is to propose that individuals with "Type A" behavior patterns who are taught stress management techniques will have significantly lower scores on physiological measures, stress measures, role conflict and role ambiguity measures than those Type A individuals who …
Depth Of Self-Disclosure As A Function Of Assured Confidentiality And Video Recording, Sanford L. Graves
Depth Of Self-Disclosure As A Function Of Assured Confidentiality And Video Recording, Sanford L. Graves
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Sex-Roles And Marital Satisfaction Of Employed And Homemaking Mothers Of Pre-School Children, Leslie G. Bennett
Sex-Roles And Marital Satisfaction Of Employed And Homemaking Mothers Of Pre-School Children, Leslie G. Bennett
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
A group of college educated mothers of pre-school children were compared on ratings of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory and the Marital Satisfaction Inventory in order to examine what effect sex-role orientation may have on marital satisfaction in working and in homemaking wives. The subjects were grouped according to employment status, that is employed or homemaking, and according to their designation on the Bem, that is masculine, feminine, androgynous and undifferentiated. The levels or marital satisfaction for each group were then computed. When analyzing the differences between working wives in general and homemaking wives, no statistical significance was noted, although it …
Child Abuse And Neglect: A Primer, Judith K. Schwartz
Child Abuse And Neglect: A Primer, Judith K. Schwartz
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this specialty paper is to present an overview of child abuse and neglect in the United States. This accomplished by researching previously published literature. Topics investigated include the epidemiological factors, personality characteristics of children and adults, etiology, diagnose and assessment procedures, intervention and treatment options and early identification and prevention. Sexual abuse, foster care and the legal problems associated with a diagnoses of child abuse/neglect are treated, briefly, as separate topics. In addition, critical comments in research methodology and findings and suggestions for further research can be found throughout the body of the paper.
The Relationship Between A Mother's Knowledge Of Human Sexual Reproduction And Her Child Rearing Attitudes Toward Her Preschool Child's Emerging Sexuality, Susan F. Mcgolrick
The Relationship Between A Mother's Knowledge Of Human Sexual Reproduction And Her Child Rearing Attitudes Toward Her Preschool Child's Emerging Sexuality, Susan F. Mcgolrick
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Two hundred mothers were contacted through the child care center in which they placed their preschool child. They were tested on the Parent Attitude Research Instrument, which measures maternal attitudes toward child rearing, and the 24 Item Miller Fisk Sexual Knowledge Questionnaire, which measures knowledge of human sexual reproduction. A correlational analysis of the scores on these instruments revealed that mothers with high authoritarian and controlling attitudes toward children and children's emerging sexuality have a low level of sexual knowledge (r = -.65, p < .0001). It was also determined that single parent mothers are significantly more authoritarian and controlling in their child rearing attitudes (p = .05) than mothers in other family structures, i.e., original family intact, step/blended family, or divorced/separated family. Mothers of children in Head Start, as compared with mothers of children in university-based child care, corporate/private care, or church-affiliated child care, demonstrated the lowest level of sexual knowledge, (p = .05). These findings are important in the development of a comprehensive, systematic sex education program for parents.
The Influence Of Confidentiality Conditions On The Amount Of Self Disclosure Of The Early Adolescent, Bella Kobocow
The Influence Of Confidentiality Conditions On The Amount Of Self Disclosure Of The Early Adolescent, Bella Kobocow
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
While the importance of confidentiality in eliciting sensitive information in psychotherapy is generally assumed, there has been little experimental testing of this hypothesis. Therapists are understandably reluctant to manipulate conditions of confidentiality in a therapy situation, since such manipulation may adversely affect the progress of the client. In view of this circumstance, analogue experiments are an alternative in producing empirical data. The current study in an analogue. Forty-five male and forty-five female subjects were orally administered the same structured interview by a female experimenter. Interview questions were derived from existing standard personality and clinical assessment instruments, and school regulations and …
Involvement In Leisure Activities By Mental Health Center Clients And Non-Clients, David H. Roby
Involvement In Leisure Activities By Mental Health Center Clients And Non-Clients, David H. Roby
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
A survey on the level and frequency of leisure activity in individuals getting clinical aid was compared with that of individuals not presently contemplating or receiving such help. The subjects, 26 females and 24 males in each group, responded to a questionnaire which requested information regarding demographics, and the rate (days per week), and duration (minutes per day), or participation in selected leisure activities. As was expected, based on Galsser's concept of Positive Addiction, the nonclinical group showed significantly more involvement in activities rated as possible Positive Addictions. No significant difference was found between groups on absolute numbers of leisure …
The Effect Of Interpersonal Skills Training On The Self-Concept And Personal Problems Of Adolescent Males, Judith N. Sanborn
The Effect Of Interpersonal Skills Training On The Self-Concept And Personal Problems Of Adolescent Males, Judith N. Sanborn
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study undertook to determine of teaching interpersonal skills to adolescents who were already manifesting dysfunctional behavior would increase their self-concepts and decrease their personal problems. Of further interest to this study was whether or not once trained, the experience of utilizing these skills in a structured setting would further increase their self concepts and decrease their personal problems. Fifteen adolescent males who were residing in a residential center for children in need of supervision were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups. The Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale and the Mooney Problem Checklists - Junior High Form, were …
Adaptation To Pregnancy As A Function Of Sex-Role, Anne Heidrich Diebel
Adaptation To Pregnancy As A Function Of Sex-Role, Anne Heidrich Diebel
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Forty-four pregnant women were examined to determine how individual differences in sex-role orientation, as assessed by the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, were related to continued sexual interest, activity, and satisfaction in pregnancy. Subjects were further examined to determine the effects of sex-role identity upon third trimester anxiety levels as assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, upon physical experience of pregnancy, upon emotional response to pregnancy, and upon labor and delivery records. Subjects were examined periodically in the third trimester of pregnancy to determine current levels of functioning as well as to acquire retrospective prepregnancy and first and second trimester data. As …
Prediction Of Football-Playing Ability In Spring Training Tryouts Through The Use Of Psychobiomotor Assessment, Michael D. Secunda
Prediction Of Football-Playing Ability In Spring Training Tryouts Through The Use Of Psychobiomotor Assessment, Michael D. Secunda
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Psychobiomotor assessment refers to the use of a combination of psychological, biological, and motor-performance tests to comprehensively analyze the skills, attributes, and performance capabilities of athletes. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there are significant psychobiomotor differences between successful collegiate football players in the offensive backfield positions and those players who are rates as less successful in these positions. Subjects were 19 male volunteer tryouts (mean age = 20.5) for the positions of quarterback and halfback on the inaugural University of Central Florida football team. They were assessed on the physiological variable anaerobic capacity, they …
The Effects Of High Versus Low Amplitude Training Of 9-13 Hertz Eeg Activity On The Seizure Rate Of Refractory Epileptics, Bob Dubinsky
The Effects Of High Versus Low Amplitude Training Of 9-13 Hertz Eeg Activity On The Seizure Rate Of Refractory Epileptics, Bob Dubinsky
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Exercise On Psychological Functioning, Deborah Ann Coe
The Effects Of Exercise On Psychological Functioning, Deborah Ann Coe
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Feminine Sex Roles And Depression In Middle-Aged Women, Emily Gaines Tinsley
Feminine Sex Roles And Depression In Middle-Aged Women, Emily Gaines Tinsley
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The preponderance of females in the depressed population is a well established fact. Various hypotheses for this fact are reviewed and the hypothesis that females accepting the feminine role will be more likely to become depressed during their middle years than a more androgenous woman is submitted. To support this hypothesis a study was designed utilizing a Clinical group consisting of females, 35 to 50 experiencing depression and undergoing treatment for depression at one of three mental health centers and a Non-clinical group consisting of women, same age group, not experiencing depression and who had never undergone treatment for depression. …
The Use Of The Rorschach With Young Children: Special Considerations In Administration, Scoring, And Interpretation And In The Measurement Of Cognitive Functioning, Patricia Parry Barber
The Use Of The Rorschach With Young Children: Special Considerations In Administration, Scoring, And Interpretation And In The Measurement Of Cognitive Functioning, Patricia Parry Barber
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
A discussion of the Rorschach's validity as a diagnostic tool seems most manageable when validity is addressed not in terms of global personality descriptions, but rather in terms of specific subquestions. This paper investigates the Rorschach's usefulness as an indicator of cognitive functioning in preadolescent children. Within a developmental framework and focusing primarily upon the cognitive theories of Jean Piaget, predictable stages of the child's intellective growth are described with an emphasis on Rorschach response patterns which seem to best chronicle that growth. Empirical data from both clinical and educational spheres are offered as supportive evidence for the Rorschach as …
How To Make A Token Economy Work: Goals And Variables Of Token Economies With The Institutionalized Mentally Retarded, Laura Ann Wade
How To Make A Token Economy Work: Goals And Variables Of Token Economies With The Institutionalized Mentally Retarded, Laura Ann Wade
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Token systems of reinforcement are an increasingly popular method of modifying the behavior of the institutionalized mentally retarded. The dramatic success of the token economy has resulted in its programmatic use without full consideration for the relevancy of treatment goals and the numerous variables that may contribute to the successful implementation and maintenance of the token economy. An examination of the treatment goals found in the existing literature reveals that two orientations presently exist: management/control and therapeutic/educative. Furthermore, a review of the literature reveals differing methods or variables may contribute to achieving a successful token economy with the mentally retarded. …
Operant Techniques For Teaching Speech Behavior To Severely Language Handicapped Children: A Review, James Archbold
Operant Techniques For Teaching Speech Behavior To Severely Language Handicapped Children: A Review, James Archbold
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This paper is a detailed review of published research related to the use of operant procedures and techniques in the development of speech behaviors in severely language handicapped children. Review of this literature suggests that there currently exists an operant technology for the development of speech behaviors in a great many severely language handicapped children. Based on the procedures reviewed, a general program for the development of speech behaviors is suggested, which includes behavioral referents by means of which a therapist may both determine the potential utility of the recommended techniques and decide upon an appropriate starting point for training.
Emg Biofeedback As A Generalized Relaxation Technique, David Cunningham
Emg Biofeedback As A Generalized Relaxation Technique, David Cunningham
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Ten college students serving as volunteer subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received EMG biofeedback training using feedback from the frontalis muscle only, and the other group received EMG biofeedback training using feedback from several muscle sites. It was hypothesized that subjects who were given EMG biofeedback relaxation training sequentially from several muscle sites would be able to lower EMG levels at these sites to a significantly greater degree than subjects who received EMG biofeedback relaxation training using feedback from the frontalis muscle only. Both groups were given a pre-training baseline session, nine training sessions, …
Emotional Disturbances And Mental Retardation, Jeannie Willard Ervin
Emotional Disturbances And Mental Retardation, Jeannie Willard Ervin
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Progressive Relaxation Training And Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation Training On Control Of Stress Arousal, Barbara S. Lindley
The Effects Of Progressive Relaxation Training And Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation Training On Control Of Stress Arousal, Barbara S. Lindley
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
A Review Of The Behavioral Techniques For Weight Reduction And Control In Adults, Carol Kerr Hardee
A Review Of The Behavioral Techniques For Weight Reduction And Control In Adults, Carol Kerr Hardee
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Obesity has been an increasing health problem in the United States. In recent years, extensive research has been on the use of behavioral techniques for weight control. Although traditional methods of treatment have not proven to be long-term, some behavioral studies have indicated maintenance. Findings indicated that self-control methods are most effective when they are presented through therapist instruction, which is gradually faded. A full behavioral program for weight control would also include basic adjunct procedures, i.e., monitoring of calories or food, exercise, stimulus control, and social reinforcement, as well as major behavioral methods such as covert sensitization, contracting, bibliotherapy, …
Parent Education: Its Impact On Parental Well-Being, Jean M. Anderson
Parent Education: Its Impact On Parental Well-Being, Jean M. Anderson
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The study understood to determine the effect parent training program have on parental mental well-being and whether the reason parents enter training affects their initial level of mental well-being or the outcome of the training. A review of the research literature reveals that parents are the appropriate subjects to train to change children's behavior and personalities. The literature does not support the theory that parents cause children's behavior and personalities, but we can conclude that parents are a definite, important influence in these areas. In the process of learning to impact their children, the parents participating in parent education programs …
The Effects Of Coverant Control Therapy Under Two Different Conditions On Depression, Steven Brian Lucks
The Effects Of Coverant Control Therapy Under Two Different Conditions On Depression, Steven Brian Lucks
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Twenty seven undergraduate psychology students were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and one no treatment control group to assess the effects of Coverant Control Therapy (CCT) under 2 different conditions on depression. The research was an analogue study. The first treatment group received CCT in a didactic format, while the second treatment group received CCT in an encounter group format. The control group assembled jigsaw puzzles. All subjects were administered the Multiple Affective Adjective Check List (MAACL) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory "D" scale for pre-, post-, and followup testing. Groups met for 4 sessions. Separate one-way analyses …
Locus Of Control As Related To Personality Variables In Special Adolescent Populations, Mary Ellen Moore Kinnaird
Locus Of Control As Related To Personality Variables In Special Adolescent Populations, Mary Ellen Moore Kinnaird
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Locus of control refers to the individual's perception of the degree to which he controls the outcome of events in his life through his own behavior. Locus is further defined and related concepts discussed. Literature is reviewed, exploring determinants in the development of personal locus. Differential descriptions of the Internal and External individual are outlined, according to studies on locus as it affects personality and social-interactions. Delinquent, socially maladjusted and dependent-neglected adolescents were tested and significant differences in locus and personality characteristics examined. Final discussion is directed to implications of the results of this study with regards to the needs …
Suicide And Depression In Children Within The Ages Of Five To Twelve Years: A Review, Esther R. Munizzi
Suicide And Depression In Children Within The Ages Of Five To Twelve Years: A Review, Esther R. Munizzi
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.