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2018

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Articles 181 - 210 of 338

Full-Text Articles in Engineering Physics

Assessment Of Cumulative Damage Of Selected Building Envelopes Exposed To Various Environmental Effects, Václav Kočí, Jiří Maděra, Robert Černý Sep 2018

Assessment Of Cumulative Damage Of Selected Building Envelopes Exposed To Various Environmental Effects, Václav Kočí, Jiří Maděra, Robert Černý

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Hygrothermal performance of building envelopes based on three different building materials (solid brick, high performance concrete, aerated autoclaved concrete) is assessed under climatic conditions of Prague and Atlantic City. Main objective of the paper is to evaluate the influence of cumulative damage, which was induced by means of natural weathering in 2012- 2015 period, on the long-term performance. The performance is assessed using various measures, namely time-of-wetness function, number of freeze/thaw cycles, and annual amount of energy transmitted through the envelope. The results show that thermal performance of the envelopes gets mostly better after weathering as the annual amount of …

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Impact Of The Substrate Thermal Inertia On The Thermal Behaviour Of An Extensive Vegetative Roof In A Semiarid Climate, Sergio Vera, Gilles Flamant, Germán Molina, Camilo Pinto, Paulo Tabares-Velasco, Nicholas Kincaid, Waldo Bustamante Sep 2018

Impact Of The Substrate Thermal Inertia On The Thermal Behaviour Of An Extensive Vegetative Roof In A Semiarid Climate, Sergio Vera, Gilles Flamant, Germán Molina, Camilo Pinto, Paulo Tabares-Velasco, Nicholas Kincaid, Waldo Bustamante

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of thermal inertia of the substrate of a vegetative roof on its thermal behaviour. Thermal inertia of the substrate was incorporated in two existing thermal models of vegetative (green) roof systems, the Sailor (2008) and Tabares and Srebric (2012) models. The predicted temperatures across the substrate, with and without inertia, were compared with experimental data obtained on a real vegetated roof located in a semiarid climate. The study shows the absolute need to consider the thermal inertia of the substrate to accurately predict the temperatures within the substrate and thus …

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Neural Network Models Using Thermal Sensations And Occupants’ Behavior For Predicting Thermal Comfort, Zhipeng Deng, Qingyan Chen Sep 2018

Neural Network Models Using Thermal Sensations And Occupants’ Behavior For Predicting Thermal Comfort, Zhipeng Deng, Qingyan Chen

International Building Physics Conference 2018

It is important to create comfortable indoor environments for building occupants. This study developed neural network (NN) models for predicting thermal comfort in indoor environments by using thermal sensations and occupants’ behavior. The models were trained by data on air temperature, relative humidity, clothing insulation, metabolic rate, thermal sensations, and occupants’ behavior collected in ten offices. The models were able to predict similar acceptable air temperature ranges in offices, from 20.6℃ to 25℃ in winter and from 20.6℃ to 25.6℃ in summer. The comfort zone obtained by the NN model using thermal sensations in the ten offices was narrower than …

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Quantification Of Building Energy Performance Uncertainty Associated With Building Occupants And Operators, Sara Gilani, William O'Brien Sep 2018

Quantification Of Building Energy Performance Uncertainty Associated With Building Occupants And Operators, Sara Gilani, William O'Brien

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Occupants play an important role in building energy performance, while building operators are the other side of the coin. This research quantifies the relative impact of probabilistic versus standard occupant models on building energy use. Energy performance of a highperformance reference small office building in Ottawa, Canada, is investigated using a simulation-based analysis. The impact of building users is studied by systematically altering occupant and operator-related domains, including occupants' presence and use of lights, window shades, operable windows, plug-in appliances, and thermostats. The results showed that the predicted natural gas energy use increased by a factor of about two compared …

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Daylight Availability In A Room Equipped With Pcm Window, Dominika Knera, Dariusz Heim Sep 2018

Daylight Availability In A Room Equipped With Pcm Window, Dominika Knera, Dariusz Heim

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The increase in building energy performance mainly focused on the improvement of physical properties (thermal and optical) of individual components of building envelope. Very good isolation parameters can be easily achieved for opaque elements like walls and roofs. However, improvement of glazed component parameters is still required. Improving thermophysical properties of window can be achieved using phase change material (PCM). Presented work is a part of extensive research project including the analysis and experimental investigation of window integrated with PCM layer. This modification changes the thermal properties of glass unit and effects on visible light transmission through the window. The …

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Experimental Investigations Of Wooden Beam Ends In Masonry With Internal Insulation: Results Contrasting Three Years Of The Experiment, Pavel Kopecký, Kamil Staněk, Michal Bureš, Jan Richter, Jan Tywoniak Sep 2018

Experimental Investigations Of Wooden Beam Ends In Masonry With Internal Insulation: Results Contrasting Three Years Of The Experiment, Pavel Kopecký, Kamil Staněk, Michal Bureš, Jan Richter, Jan Tywoniak

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper deals with hygro-thermal performance of wooden beam ends embedded in masonry walls with lime-cement plaster applied on the external side. Three different insulation systems are attached on the internal side of masonry. The real scale experiment has been monitored for three consecutive years. Microclimatic conditions in joist pockets were assessed by VTT mold growth index. The paper shows the influence of two changes of boundary conditions on the microclimate in joist pockets. First, moisture load on the internal side of building enclosure was increased (24 °C, 60 % in winter 2016/2017 instead 20 °C, 50 % in winter …

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Experimental Validation Of A Model For Naturally Ventilated Double-Skin Facades, Alessandro Dama, Matteo Dopudi, Olena Kalyanova Larsen Sep 2018

Experimental Validation Of A Model For Naturally Ventilated Double-Skin Facades, Alessandro Dama, Matteo Dopudi, Olena Kalyanova Larsen

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The steady state thermal model discussed in this paper is devoted to predict the temperatures and heat fluxes through a naturally ventilated DSF, having solar radiation and environmental temperatures as inputs. It is coupled with a fluid-dynamic model, based on a pressure loop, which takes into account both buoyancy and wind pressure at the openings. The model has been validated against experimental data, basing on the prediction of the internal surface temperature of the DSF. Results show acceptable accuracy in the prediction of the heat flux towards the inside, even though they reveal a slight heat flux overestimation associated with …

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Pv-Pcm System Integrated Into A Double Skin Façade. A Genetic Optimization Based Study For The Pcm Type Selection, Hagar Elarga, Andrea Dal Monte, Francesco Goia, Ernesto Benini Sep 2018

Pv-Pcm System Integrated Into A Double Skin Façade. A Genetic Optimization Based Study For The Pcm Type Selection, Hagar Elarga, Andrea Dal Monte, Francesco Goia, Ernesto Benini

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper reports the results of a genetic optimisation based numerical analysis of a PV-PCM system integrated into a double skin façade. The aim of the research activity was to develop and test the performance of a proposed simulation approach to identify the optimal configuration of the PCM layer, in terms of temperature transition range, and thickness, to assure the best energy performance of the façade system. Furthermore, because of the intimate relationship between the PCM’s features and the ventilated cavity to define the performance of the façade system, the domain of exploration included as variable the airflow rate and …

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Campus As A Lab For Computer Vision-Based Heat Mapping Drones: A Case Study For Multiple Building Envelope Inspection Using Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas), Tarek Rakha, Amanda Liberty, Alice Gorodetsky, Burak Kakillioglu, Senem Velipasalar Sep 2018

Campus As A Lab For Computer Vision-Based Heat Mapping Drones: A Case Study For Multiple Building Envelope Inspection Using Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas), Tarek Rakha, Amanda Liberty, Alice Gorodetsky, Burak Kakillioglu, Senem Velipasalar

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS – a.k.a. drones) have evolved over the past decade as both advanced military technology and off-the-shelf consumer devices. There is a gradual shift towards public use of drones, which presents opportunities for effective remote procedures that can disrupt a variety of design disciplines. In architecture praxis, UAS equipment with remote sensing gear presents an opportunity for analysis and inspection of existing building stocks, where architects, engineers, building energy auditors as well as owners can document building performance, visualize heat transfer using infrared imaging and create digital models using 3D photogrammetry. Comprehensive energy audits are essential to …

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A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems, Zhiang Zhang, Chenlu Zhang, Khee Poh Lam Sep 2018

A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems, Zhiang Zhang, Chenlu Zhang, Khee Poh Lam

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Model-based optimal control (MOC) methods have strong potential to improve the energy efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. However, most existing MOC methods require a low-order building model, which significantly limits the practicability of such methods. This study develops a novel model-based optimal control method for HVAC supervisory-level control based on the recently-proposed deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework. The control method can directly use whole building energy model, a widely used flexible building modelling method, as the model and train an optimal control policy using DRL. By integrating deep learning models, the proposed control method can directly …

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Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy, Vincenzo Gentile, Marco Simonetti, Fabio Restagno Sep 2018

Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy, Vincenzo Gentile, Marco Simonetti, Fabio Restagno

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper presents some experimental results of a new device for low energy/low exergy air conditioning system. The device can realize both dehumidification and sensible cooling of external air, and it is designed for very low pressure drops, drastically reducing the electricity consumption for the driving fans. It is composed by a finned coil heat exchanger, coated with a SAPO-34 zeolite layer, that handles both heat and mass transfer in a single component. During the adsorption a cold water flow at 20 °C circulates through the coil, cooling the air and realizing in a single step a complete air-treatment. Hot …

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Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation, Masaru Abuku, Akira Fukushima, Tsukasa Tsukidate, Sayaka Murata, Akinori Hosoi, Hideo Ichiboji, Daisuke Kitagawa, Kanako Makita Sep 2018

Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation, Masaru Abuku, Akira Fukushima, Tsukasa Tsukidate, Sayaka Murata, Akinori Hosoi, Hideo Ichiboji, Daisuke Kitagawa, Kanako Makita

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Dynamic insulation (DI) can recover heat lost in conduction by drawing cold outdoor air into indoor through an insulation wall in winter. A “breathing DI” system we proposed in the past has functions both as an insulated envelope and as a highly efficient heat exchanger for ventilation. It is alternated periodically that the outdoor air is drawn through half of walls made of breathable inorganic concrete (BIC) and the indoor air is exhausted through the other half of the BIC walls. In order to put the breathing DI system into practice in housing construction, this paper presents some studies from …

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Aerogel-Enhanced Blankets: State-Of-The-Art, Market Readiness, And Future Challenges, Umberto Berardi, Syed (Mark) Zaidi, Bryan Kovisto Sep 2018

Aerogel-Enhanced Blankets: State-Of-The-Art, Market Readiness, And Future Challenges, Umberto Berardi, Syed (Mark) Zaidi, Bryan Kovisto

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Aerogel-enhanced products are often indicated as promising materials for increasing the thermal resistance of the building envelope. In particular, aerogel-enhanced blankets have already showed their effectiveness in several retrofitting projects. This paper aims to review the current state of the art regarding aerogel-enhanced blankets. In these materials, a fiber matrix bonds together the aerogel structure, compensating the low mechanical properties of the aerogels without reducing their exceptionally low thermal conductivity. This paper describes current aerogel-enhanced blankets existing worldwide and produced by different companies. Then, a new aerogel-enhanced blanket developed by the authors is presented. Thermal characterization tests confirm the superior …

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Effect Of Air Pressure On Moisture Transfer Inside Porous Building Materials Three-Dimensional Behavior Of Moisture And Air, Kazuma Fukui, Chiemi Iba, Shuichi Hokoi, Daisuke Ogura Sep 2018

Effect Of Air Pressure On Moisture Transfer Inside Porous Building Materials Three-Dimensional Behavior Of Moisture And Air, Kazuma Fukui, Chiemi Iba, Shuichi Hokoi, Daisuke Ogura

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The effect of air pressure on moisture transfer inside porous building materials cannot be ignored in cases in which air cannot escape through the surfaces of the materials; in such cases, the air is compressed by the movement of the moisture. Therefore, in a situation in which most surfaces of a specimen are sealed or treated with surface-protecting materials (a situation that is often encountered in typical water-absorption tests), the experimental results may differ from those without sealed or treated surfaces. In the present study, the influence of air pressure on moisture transfer was investigated quantitatively. First, the following water-absorption …

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Experimental Analysis Of Micro-Cracks On The Change Of Moisture Transport Properties Of Aac, Jiří Maděra, Jan Kočí, Václav Kočí, Miloš Jerman, Magdaléna Doleželová Sep 2018

Experimental Analysis Of Micro-Cracks On The Change Of Moisture Transport Properties Of Aac, Jiří Maděra, Jan Kočí, Václav Kočí, Miloš Jerman, Magdaléna Doleželová

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In this paper, series of experiment measurements is carried out in order to study effect of freeze/thaw loading on the change of moisture transport properties of autoclaved aerated concrete. The samples were subjected to 15, 30 and 45 freeze/thaw cycles and subsequently basic physical properties, pore size distribution and water vapor and liquid water transport properties were investigated. The results showed significant changes in material properties of the material. The results of this research can be further implemented into computational models in order to bring the simulation results closer to the reality.

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Measurements Of Temperature Dependency On Thermal Insulation Thickness In Ventilated Attics, Thor Hansen, Eva B. Moeller Sep 2018

Measurements Of Temperature Dependency On Thermal Insulation Thickness In Ventilated Attics, Thor Hansen, Eva B. Moeller

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The main objective of this paper is by measurements to investigate whether increased thermal insulation thickness reduces the temperature in ventilated attics. With lower heat flux through the ceiling in the winter, the theory is that the temperature in the attic decreases and consequently the relative humidity increases which may cause mold growth. While some simulations support this theory, others do not. To test the theory in practice, measurements were performed in 29 dwellings, mainly older single family houses with ventilated attics and insulation thicknesses varying between 150 and 600 mm (6“ and 23“). The temperature was measured for more …

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Novel Gas-Driven Fuel Cell Hvac And Dehumidification Prototype, Daniel Betts, Moonis R. Ally, Vishaldeep Sharma, Matthew Tilghman, Matthew Graham, Shyam Mudiraj Sep 2018

Novel Gas-Driven Fuel Cell Hvac And Dehumidification Prototype, Daniel Betts, Moonis R. Ally, Vishaldeep Sharma, Matthew Tilghman, Matthew Graham, Shyam Mudiraj

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Performance of a novel gas-driven, electricity-producing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system with no vapor compression and no hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant shall be discussed in the paper. The prototype was evaluated at ORNL under a Small Business Voucher (SBV) Cooperative Research and Development (CRADA) program. The target market is commercial buildings in the United States. The goal is to mitigate or eliminate grid-power for building air conditioning, coincident peak demand and associated spinning reserves, aiding in flattening of the “duck curve”. The technical goal is to transform the common packaged rooftop unit into a cost-effective distributed energy resource, opening …

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Multi-Stage Optimal Design Of Energy Systems For Urban Districts, Georgios Mavromatidis, Kristina Orehounig, Jan Carmeliet Sep 2018

Multi-Stage Optimal Design Of Energy Systems For Urban Districts, Georgios Mavromatidis, Kristina Orehounig, Jan Carmeliet

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Urban districts develop in a dynamic manner over multi-year horizons with new buildings being added and changes being made to existing buildings (e.g. retrofits). Nevertheless, optimization models used to design urban district energy systems (DES) commonly consider a single, “typical” year for the design. This practice, however, does not allow for energy design decisions to be made in multiple phases in order to reflect a district’s development phases. This paper addresses this issue and presents a novel optimization model that allows the multi-stage optimal design of urban DES. The model identifies the cost-optimal technology investment decisions across a horizon that …

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Classification Of The Indoor Environment In A High-School Building By Means Of Subjective Responses, Lorenza Pistore, Ilaria Pittana, Francesca Cappelletti, Andrea Gasparella, Piercarlo Romagnoni Sep 2018

Classification Of The Indoor Environment In A High-School Building By Means Of Subjective Responses, Lorenza Pistore, Ilaria Pittana, Francesca Cappelletti, Andrea Gasparella, Piercarlo Romagnoni

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In this paper the subjective evaluation of the indoor environment of a secondary school in Treviso (Italy) is presented. Field campaigns have been carried out during the winter season in order to assess people overall satisfaction about the environment, their behavior towards discomfort and their interactions with the building and the systems. A specific questionnaire has been elaborated, paying particular attention to the occupants target and to the questions needed to grasp not only the comfort feedbacks, but also the dynamics and the individual students’ attitudes that can influence the building energy performance. A first general evaluation has been elaborated …

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Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Charging In A Fully (Nearly) Electric Campus Energy System, Jacques A. De Chalendar, Jason H. Frost, Sally M. Benson Sep 2018

Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Charging In A Fully (Nearly) Electric Campus Energy System, Jacques A. De Chalendar, Jason H. Frost, Sally M. Benson

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The goal of this work is to build a set of computational tools to aid decision making for the modelling and operations of integrated urban energy systems that actively interact with the power grid of the future. District heating and cooling networks incorporating heat recovery and large-scale thermal storage, such as the Stanford campus system, dramatically reduce energy waste and greenhouse gas emissions. They have historically played a small, but important role at a local level. Here we explore the potential for other co-benefits, including the provision of load following services to the electrical grid, carbon emissions reductions or demand …

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Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study, Amir Baniassadi, David J. Sailor, Cassandra R. Olenick Sep 2018

Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study, Amir Baniassadi, David J. Sailor, Cassandra R. Olenick

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The elderly population is more vulnerable to poor indoor environmental quality. They also spend a larger portion of their time indoors than the general public, further exacerbating the associated health risks. As part of a larger study which aims to understand the health risks for the elderly population resulting from extreme heat events in Houston, TX, this study gathered empirical data on thermal comfort and air quality in existing assisted living facilities and in individual homes of the elderly. We made continuous measurements of indoor dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and occupancy status in 25 buildings during …

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Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School, Fredrik Domhagen, Paula Wahlgren, Carl-Eric Hagentoft Sep 2018

Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School, Fredrik Domhagen, Paula Wahlgren, Carl-Eric Hagentoft

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Many schools in Sweden, have problems with the indoor air, affecting the wellbeing and health of both pupil and teachers. Contaminants in the air, such as mold spores, radon, odors, and VOC, cause problems and it can be difficult to find the contaminant source, in particular if it is within the building construction. The aim of this project is to investigate air leakage paths and pressure differences in a school building with IAQ problems and to analyze how these parameters are related to contaminant transport. An increased knowledge of how contaminants are transported will then form the base for an …

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Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings, Rajat Gupta, Matt Gregg, Robert Irving Sep 2018

Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings, Rajat Gupta, Matt Gregg, Robert Irving

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper statistically assesses the hourly internal summertime temperature datasets gathered during the summer of 2013 (May to September), from 63 dwellings across the UK. The sample consisted of unmodified dwellings (existing); dwellings with varying levels of fabric improvements (retrofitted) and dwellings constructed to higher levels of the Code for Sustainable Homes (new). Indoor and outdoor temperature data from bedrooms and living rooms from these homes were collected at five-minute intervals using temperature sensors. These data were processed and analysed for summertime overheating, using both static criteria (CIBSE Guide A) and the criteria associated with the EN15251 adaptive thermal comfort …

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Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring, Yujie Wu, Je´RˆOme Henri Ka¨Mpf, Jean-Louis Scartezzini Sep 2018

Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring, Yujie Wu, Je´RˆOme Henri Ka¨Mpf, Jean-Louis Scartezzini

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The precise daylighting simulation in buildings can potentially contribute to designers’ and occupants’ smart utilization of it. The traditional method of employing sky models was indicated with noticeable errors in transient lighting simulation for complex fenestration systems (CFS), due to the mismatch between the real sky and standard sky models. This paper evaluates the performance of a calibrated embedded photometric device based on sky luminance monitoring, capable of real-time on-board lighting computing. Daylighting experiments for external Venetian blinds (EVB) were conducted in a lighting test module to demonstrate its accuracy in the simulation of horizontal work-plane illuminance. The BTDF of …

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Modelling Of A Naturally Ventilated Bipv System For Building Energy Simulations, Juliana Gonçalves, Glenn Reynders, Jonathan Lehmann, Dirk Saelens Sep 2018

Modelling Of A Naturally Ventilated Bipv System For Building Energy Simulations, Juliana Gonçalves, Glenn Reynders, Jonathan Lehmann, Dirk Saelens

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Two major causes of energy yield reduction in PV systems are partial shading and high operating temperatures. Both issues are particularly critical for BIPV systems. The correct assessment of the BIPV contribution to the built environment depends, therefore, on the accurate prediction of PV temperature and on the possibility of simulating shading effects. This paper describes the development of a multi-physics model for a naturally ventilated façade BIPV system within the openIDEAS environment for building and district energy simulations. The PV electrical model used here follows a physics-based approach that takes into account solar intensity and temperature spatial variations within …

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Numerical Analysis Of The Influencing Factors On The Performance Of A Pipe-Embedded Window Operated In Summer, Sihang Jiang, Chong Shen, Xianting Li Sep 2018

Numerical Analysis Of The Influencing Factors On The Performance Of A Pipe-Embedded Window Operated In Summer, Sihang Jiang, Chong Shen, Xianting Li

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The pipe-embedded window is a double window structure with pipes embedded inside the cavity to adjust the temperature. The preliminary studies showed that it can significantly reduce the cooling load of buildings with natural cooling sources such as the water from cooling towers in summer. However, the research on the influencing factors of the pipeembedded window is insufficient. In this paper, the numerical calculation models are established for a pipe-embedded window and a traditional window. The influence of climatic factors, such as the natural cooling source temperature and outdoor air temperature on the thermal performance of the pipe-embedded window are …

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Hygrothermal Analysis Of A Vapour-Open Assembly With Vacuum Insulation Panels, Brock Conley, Cynthia Ann Cruickshank, Mark Carver Sep 2018

Hygrothermal Analysis Of A Vapour-Open Assembly With Vacuum Insulation Panels, Brock Conley, Cynthia Ann Cruickshank, Mark Carver

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The following paper studies the year-long moisture conditions associated with vacuum insulation as the exterior insulation. The exterior insulation of one assembly was renovated by using 50.8 mm (2 inch) of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and represents the baseline performance of current common practice. Another assembly was built with 20 mm (0.7 inch) vacuum insulation panels encased in the equivalent thickness of EPS to represent a high RSI-value retrofit. The thermal performance was evaluated using a guarded hot box facility at Carleton University and the in-situ Building Envelope Test Hut at CanmetENERGY-Ottawa. The temperature, humidity and moisture content in the sheathing …

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A Review Of Microgrid Energy Systems, Lei Gao, Yunho Hwang, Reinhard Radermacher Sep 2018

A Review Of Microgrid Energy Systems, Lei Gao, Yunho Hwang, Reinhard Radermacher

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Microgrid combined cooling, heating and power energy systems are under intensive investigation owing to expansion of renewable energy generation and development of advanced technologies in distributed energy generation. Multi-generation systems serve as one of the core parts in any microgrid energy systems. This review paper presents the summary of state-of-the-art technologies in these multi-generation systems. The first part introduces the energy structure based on energy sources and the latest renewable energy harvesting technologies for solar, biomass and geothermal energy. In the second part, prime movers, including small-scale ones used in a microgrid energy system, are summarized. The third part shows …

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Comparison Between Qualitative And Quantitative Measurement In Assessing Thermal Comfort In An Elementary School, Boyu Li, Ming Hu, Greg Goldstein Sep 2018

Comparison Between Qualitative And Quantitative Measurement In Assessing Thermal Comfort In An Elementary School, Boyu Li, Ming Hu, Greg Goldstein

International Building Physics Conference 2018

We compare qualitative and quantitative measurements to assess an elementary school building’s thermal comfort. Quantitative measurements of the physical environment are useful but not sufficient, since different people respond differently in the same indoor environment. A qualitative survey of the school employees shows the thermal comfort level has a 3.73 out of 7 score and 40% of subjects rated it unsatisfactory, even though the temperature and humidity level are measured within the comfort range recommended by ASHERA 90.1 – 2004. This gap occurs because human metabolism is not taken into account in current design guidelines, even though there is a …

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Comparison Of Daylighting Simulation Workflows And Results Using Plugins For Bim And 3d Modeling Programs: Application On Early Phases Of Design Process, Marina Da Silva Garcia, Maíra Louise Martins De Freitas, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves De Souza, Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso Sep 2018

Comparison Of Daylighting Simulation Workflows And Results Using Plugins For Bim And 3d Modeling Programs: Application On Early Phases Of Design Process, Marina Da Silva Garcia, Maíra Louise Martins De Freitas, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves De Souza, Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The present paper investigated the application of the daylighting analysis features of the Insight BIM plugin, comparatively to DIVA, a plugin for a 3D Nurbs modeling software. Considering the early phases of the design process, workflows, simulation results and processing times were analyzed, focusing on the prediction of static (illuminance level) and dynamic (sDA300,50%) metrics. Simulations on both tools were performed in the context of analyzing the daylight behavior in a deep office room model, with and without light shelves. Results indicate that Insight has limitations compared to DIVA, especially concerning input data configuration flexibility. Simulation results presented significant similarity …

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