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2018

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Articles 151 - 180 of 338

Full-Text Articles in Engineering Physics

Optimization Of Four-Primary White Leds Based On Protective Effect And Color Quality-A Solution For Museum Illumination, Rui Dang, Nan Wang, Gang Liu, Huijiao Tan Sep 2018

Optimization Of Four-Primary White Leds Based On Protective Effect And Color Quality-A Solution For Museum Illumination, Rui Dang, Nan Wang, Gang Liu, Huijiao Tan

International Building Physics Conference 2018

A solution was proposed for obtaining white light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) which are suitable for illuminating traditional Chinese paintings painted with inorganic pigments (iop-TCPs) based on the requirements of protective illumination and color quality. The damage laws and degrees of 450nm, 510nm, 583nm, and 650nm monochromatic lights which can construct four-primary white LEDs on the iop-TCPs were obtained through long-term illumination experiment and data analysis by converting color coordinates into CIE DE2000 color difference values. Then we obtained the damage formula of the constructed white LEDs, which can be used to evaluate damage degree. Spectral power distributions (SPDs) of the white LEDs, …

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Field Occupants’ Behavior Monitoring Integrated To Prediction Models: Impact On Building Energy Performance, Cristina Piselli, Ilaria Pigliautile, Anna Laura Pisello Sep 2018

Field Occupants’ Behavior Monitoring Integrated To Prediction Models: Impact On Building Energy Performance, Cristina Piselli, Ilaria Pigliautile, Anna Laura Pisello

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Given the massive scientific progress on passive and active solutions to reach near-zeroenergy targets, the necessity to consider occupants’ behavior as a key variable affecting field energy performance of buildings has become a crucial issue to face. In this panorama, a variety of deterministic and stochastic models, also supported by experimental investigations have been developed in the last decade. This paper builds upon previous contributions to analyze the real occupancy of an office building populated by peers’ offices monitored for 2 years by means of microclimate and energy-need field stations. After demonstrating that the peers do not behave the same …

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The Physics In Natural Ventilation Of Cities And Buildings, Yuguo Li Sep 2018

The Physics In Natural Ventilation Of Cities And Buildings, Yuguo Li

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Asian cities are mostly taller, denser, deeper and larger than those in the West, and the magnitudes of building drag or urban heat island circulation and their effects on city ventilation are also stronger. The physics of urban climate in these large cities is complex, as a combined result of local circulation and synoptic winds modified by the mountainous topography and land/sea breeze, if any. Natural ventilation of a city refers to the penetration and distribution of rural air into an urban canopy layer. The weakened city ventilation has become one major reason for worsening urban warming and air pollution …

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Green Infrastructure And Urban Sustainability: Recent Advances And Future Challenges, Patricia J. Culligan, Robert A.W. Carleton, Christine S. Carleton Sep 2018

Green Infrastructure And Urban Sustainability: Recent Advances And Future Challenges, Patricia J. Culligan, Robert A.W. Carleton, Christine S. Carleton

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Although the majority of urban green infrastructure (GI) programs in the United States, and elsewhere, are being driven by stormwater management challenges arising as a result of the impervious nature of modern cities, GI is also believed to provide other benefits that enhance urban sustainability. This paper discusses the role that GI systems might play in urban climate adaptation strategies for cities like New York City, where increases in both temperature and precipitation are projected over the coming decades. Examples of work conducted by the author and colleagues in New York City to quantify the performance of urban GI are …

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A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Smartphone Photograph-Based Surveys For Collecting Data On Office Occupant Adaptive Opportunities, William O'Brien, Anthony Fuller, Marcel Schweiker, Julia Day Sep 2018

A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Smartphone Photograph-Based Surveys For Collecting Data On Office Occupant Adaptive Opportunities, William O'Brien, Anthony Fuller, Marcel Schweiker, Julia Day

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In the past several decades, psychological aspects have been become important to holistic building occupant comfort and satisfaction evaluations. Psychological dimensions of comfort include occupants’ opportunities to interact with their indoor environment and perceived control over the indoor environment. Current post-occupancy evaluations tend to focus on collecting quantitative data, despite overwhelming evidence that contextual factors can profoundly impact occupant comfort. This paper proposes and tests a novel method for data collection to study adaptive comfort opportunities. A smartphone-based survey was developed to concurrently collect office occupants’ subjective evaluations of usability and comfort of spaces, in addition to photographs of all …

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Moisture Robustness Of Eaves Solutions For Ventilated Roofs – Experimental Studies, Steinar Grynning, Silje Kathrin Asphaug, Lars Gullbrekken, Berit Time Sep 2018

Moisture Robustness Of Eaves Solutions For Ventilated Roofs – Experimental Studies, Steinar Grynning, Silje Kathrin Asphaug, Lars Gullbrekken, Berit Time

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Ventilated pitched wooden roofs with eaves (roof overhangs) is a common building practice in the Scandinavian countries. The eaves are protecting the façade from rain, wind driven rain (WDR) and snow, and it covers the roof ventilation aperture. The eaves should be designed so that the least possible amounts of rainwater and snow enters the ventilation aperture between the roof cladding- and underlayer roofing. At the same time, adequate ventilation of the roof must be ensured to promote proper drying-out capabilities of the roof and to avoid problems of snow melt and ice formation at eaves and gutters during winter …

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Thermal Performance Of Novel Natural Ventilation Apertures In A High- Performance Single-Family House, Martha Bohm Sep 2018

Thermal Performance Of Novel Natural Ventilation Apertures In A High- Performance Single-Family House, Martha Bohm

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Natural ventilation provides opportunities to reduce residential cooling load in summer, but increasing the operability of a façade potentially increases infiltration, which is already a source of significant winter heat load. Solving both of these simultaneously is challenging. The test building for this study was a prototype house containing a novel ventilator detail which allows for porosity for summer ventilation and a tight, insulated seal in winter. We aimed to determine whether the prototype had low enough infiltration and thermal bridging to be worthy of further laboratory testing and subsequent deployment in more buildings. The test home was blower door …

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An Implementation For Transforming A Home Energy Management System To A Multi-Agent System, Helia Zandi, Michael Starke, Teja Kuruganti Sep 2018

An Implementation For Transforming A Home Energy Management System To A Multi-Agent System, Helia Zandi, Michael Starke, Teja Kuruganti

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In the United States, 41% of produced energy is consumed by the building sector, i.e. residential and commercial buildings (Building Energy Data Book, Buildings Sector, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, 2012. n.d.). The anticipation is that Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) will support energy efficiency gains through control of the devices in an optimal fashion. New opportunities are offering the ability to integrate grid type controls and the most suitable way to perform these controls is through a multi-agent system (MAS). In this paper, approaches on supporting a HEMS and MAS …

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A Novel Methodology To Spatially Evaluate Dgp Classes By Means Of Vertical Illuminances. Preliminary Results, Luigi Giovannini, Fabio Favoino, Valerio R.M. Lo Verso, Anna Pellegrino, Valentina Serra Sep 2018

A Novel Methodology To Spatially Evaluate Dgp Classes By Means Of Vertical Illuminances. Preliminary Results, Luigi Giovannini, Fabio Favoino, Valerio R.M. Lo Verso, Anna Pellegrino, Valentina Serra

International Building Physics Conference 2018

A novel methodology to overcome the main limit of the Daylight Glare Probability DGP (i.e. the heavy computational time for an annual analysis of the DGP profile in one point) is presented. This uses a proxy based on the vertical illuminance (Ev) at the eye level. To do so, the most suitable value of Ev, to substitute DGP, is found by means of a comparison to the corresponding DGP value through a fault-detection diagnosis technique. The methodology was applied to a representative enclosed office with one South-facing window (Window-to-Wall Ratio of 50%) located in Turin. The glazing was assumed to …

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Comparative Study Of Different Design Configurations Based On The Daylight And Visual Comfort Performance Of Electrochromic Glass In A Side-Lit Office Building, Amir Hosseinzadeh Zarrabi, Mona Azarbayjani, Armin Amirazar, Roshanak Asharafi Sep 2018

Comparative Study Of Different Design Configurations Based On The Daylight And Visual Comfort Performance Of Electrochromic Glass In A Side-Lit Office Building, Amir Hosseinzadeh Zarrabi, Mona Azarbayjani, Armin Amirazar, Roshanak Asharafi

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The objective of this research is to demonstrate the application of an optimization framework to assess and improve the impacts of workstation properties in relation to the performance of electrochromic glass regarding daylight and visual comfort. This framework is executed through a simulation-based parametric modeling workflow of an open-plan office to optimize partition layout, height, direction to windows, and materiality in response to annual glare probability (DGP) and climate-based daylighting metrics. In this paper, different office layouts equipped with Electrochromic glass, located in a mixed-humid climate has been simulated with DIVA plug-in for Rhinoceros/grasshopper software to maximize the daylight and …

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Development Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window Model For Visual Comfort Assessment, Michelangelo Scorpio, Giuseppina Iuliano, Antonio Rosato, Sergio Sibilio, Luigi Maffei, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, Manuela Almeida Sep 2018

Development Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window Model For Visual Comfort Assessment, Michelangelo Scorpio, Giuseppina Iuliano, Antonio Rosato, Sergio Sibilio, Luigi Maffei, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, Manuela Almeida

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Smart windows, especially those electric-driven, represent one of the most advanced technologies for controlling solar radiation. For a correct use, it is necessary to understand their real behaviour through in-situ measurements on full-scale application as well as calibrating and validating visual simulation models capable of predicting their performances. In this paper, the preliminary results of current research activities aimed at developing simulation models of electric-driven full-scale glazing are presented. The research activities started with the assessment of the visible solar transmittance as a function of light incident angle through in-situ measurements; different models, with related values, of the visible solar …

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Lighting Quality Study Of Shopping Malls In China Based On The Evaluation Experiment, Rui Dang, Yanhui Bu, Qingchen Wang, Gang Liu1 Sep 2018

Lighting Quality Study Of Shopping Malls In China Based On The Evaluation Experiment, Rui Dang, Yanhui Bu, Qingchen Wang, Gang Liu1

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The lighting environment of the shopping malls will greatly influence the customer's visual comfort and product sales. This experiment studied the lighting environment of jewelry stores with the highest lighting energy consumption in shopping malls. The jewelry store scene which was built in the Key Laboratory of Building Environment Simulation had a total of 150 lighting conditions. Then, we measured lighting parameters, and subjective evaluation of lighting quality (including lighting comfort and commodities display effect) with 30 participants were carried out. We analyzed the experimental data to get the influence law of lighting parameters on lighting quality. Finally, this paper …

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On The Hygrothermal Behaviour Of Brick Veneer Cladded Timber Frame Walls: The Role Of The Vapour Diffusion Resistance Of The Wind Barrier, Michiel Vanpachtenbeke, Jelle Langmans, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Staf Roels Sep 2018

On The Hygrothermal Behaviour Of Brick Veneer Cladded Timber Frame Walls: The Role Of The Vapour Diffusion Resistance Of The Wind Barrier, Michiel Vanpachtenbeke, Jelle Langmans, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Staf Roels

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The present study looks into the hygrothermal behaviour of timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding in a moderate sea climate. It specifically focuses on the contradictory criterion for the wind barrier when it comes to the risk of interstitial condensation for summer and winter conditions: a vapour open wind barrier is advantageous during an outward vapour flow (i.e. in typical winter conditions for European climates), while during an inward vapour flow (i.e. in summer conditions) a more vapour tight wind barrier is appropriate. Therefore, a field study is conducted on two typical timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding …

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Performance Evaluation Of A Highly Insulated Wall To Withstand Mould, Klodian Gradeci, Umberto Berardi Sep 2018

Performance Evaluation Of A Highly Insulated Wall To Withstand Mould, Klodian Gradeci, Umberto Berardi

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In this paper, the performance to withstand mould growth of a highly insulated wall is evaluated by applying a probabilistic-based methodology that accounts for the involved uncertainties and investigates their significance. A sensitivity analysis according to the Morris method is conducted to understand the influence of each parameter and simplify the system representation. Deficiencies in terms of moisture and air leakages are accounted for. The mould growth outcome is evaluated by integrating different mould models and assessment criteria. The study demonstrates that a probabilistic-based methodology enables a more systematic approach to evaluate wall constructions since it accounts for the involved …

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Renovation With Internal Insulation And Heat Recovery In Real Life– Energy Savings And Risk Of Mold Growth, Martin Morelli, Eva B. Møller Sep 2018

Renovation With Internal Insulation And Heat Recovery In Real Life– Energy Savings And Risk Of Mold Growth, Martin Morelli, Eva B. Møller

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper presents a pilot project for renovation of a large residential area; focus is on energy consumption and risk of mold growth. The renovation included internal insulation of walls with capillary active insulation material, balanced mechanical ventilation with heat recovery and insulation of floor towards basement. These types of measures are not completely new and have been used in other buildings as well, however the measures may be either risky regarding mold growth or the effect is uncertain with the specific external wall composition. A pilot project including six apartments was performed to test the measures in these specific …

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Thermal Insulation Of Radon Systems To Avoid Freezing, Mehdi Ghobadi, Liang Zhou Sep 2018

Thermal Insulation Of Radon Systems To Avoid Freezing, Mehdi Ghobadi, Liang Zhou

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Radon (Rn) stacks, with or without an inline Rn fan, are designed to extract damp soil gas from under basement concrete slabs of homes. Along with Rn gas, moisture vapor also travels up through the Rn stacks. The amount of moisture in the vent pipes can, depending on the circumstances, be significant. In extremely cold weather, this moisture can condense, freeze, form ice and clog the vent pipe at the exit point. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to examine the amount of insulation required to avoid ice build-up in the Rn vent pipe located in unheated attic space …

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Hygrothermal Performance Of Sealed Attics In Climate Zone 3a, Mikael Salonvaara, Achilles Karagiozis, William Miller Sep 2018

Hygrothermal Performance Of Sealed Attics In Climate Zone 3a, Mikael Salonvaara, Achilles Karagiozis, William Miller

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Sealed attics with fiberglass have been in the US building codes for several codes cycles. Prior to the IRC 2018, air permeable insulation (such as fiberglass) was previously allowed to be deployed without continuous air impermeable insulation only in dry climate zones 2B and 3B in tile roofs systems. New research has revealed that asphalt shingles can also be allowed as implemented in the new IRC 2018 with a new addition to the section for sealed attics using air permeable insulations. The new building code also permits the use of air permeable insulation without air impermeable insulation in climate zones …

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Bioclimatic Tools For Sustainable Design – Uncertainty Perspective, Krystyna Pietrzyk Sep 2018

Bioclimatic Tools For Sustainable Design – Uncertainty Perspective, Krystyna Pietrzyk

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Overall, holistic approach in which the building is integrated into its environment with respect to building physics principles allows for discussion of a variety of passive strategies regarding the building placement (local climatic conditions, microclimate etc.), building types, building materials and technical systems. Bioclimatic design is referred to as a proper approach to highlight the connection of a building with the natural environment, which can be treated as the prerequisite for energy efficient design. The research results within the reliability studies of building performance become an inspiration for architects and engineers to further discuss tools supporting decisions at the early …

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Optimal Control Strategies For Passive Heating And Cooling Elements Reduce Loads By Two-Thirds In The Adaptive Reuse Of A San Francisco Bay Area Office, Alexandra Rempel, Serena Lim Sep 2018

Optimal Control Strategies For Passive Heating And Cooling Elements Reduce Loads By Two-Thirds In The Adaptive Reuse Of A San Francisco Bay Area Office, Alexandra Rempel, Serena Lim

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Housing crises in urban centers and growing climate concerns are encouraging city planners and building owners to explore the conversion of commercial buildings into energy-efcient dwellings. Passive solar heating, shading, and natural ventilation are attractive in such adaptive reuse projects since they minimize operational energy, but they sufer from the perception of limited efectiveness, and passive heating is ofen disregarded entirely in cloudy climates. At the same time, passive heating has recently shown promise in the cloudy winters of western Oregon and upstate New York, allowing the San Francisco Bay area to provide an excellent opportunity for further exploration. Passive …

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New Algorithm For Water Leakages Flow Through Rain Screen Deficiencies, Lars Olsson, Carl-Eric Hagentoft Sep 2018

New Algorithm For Water Leakages Flow Through Rain Screen Deficiencies, Lars Olsson, Carl-Eric Hagentoft

International Building Physics Conference 2018

There is a need of more knowledge about the mechanisms of water leakage through façades exposed to driving rain to make reliable risk analyses. Therefore, we have studied it in more detail and the outcome include inter alia a new algorithm. The algorithm is developed for calculation of water leakages through rain screen deficiencies. The algorithm is based on empirical values from many measurements according to standardized test method and validation. Even though the leakage process is very complicated, simple correlations have been shown. The leakages flow rate through deficiencies are mainly limited by the runoff rate and the catch …

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Stochastic Modelling Of Hygrothermal Performance Of Highly Insulated Wood Framed Walls, Lin Wang, Hua Ge Sep 2018

Stochastic Modelling Of Hygrothermal Performance Of Highly Insulated Wood Framed Walls, Lin Wang, Hua Ge

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Recent years, the majority of building codes in North America require an energy efficient envelope to improve the building energy efficiency. There are different design strategies to achieve a higher insulation level of the wood framed building envelope, such as increasing the depth of stud cavity to accommodate thicker insulation or adding an exterior insulation while keeping the depth of stud cavity unchanged. However, the highly insulated walls may lead to a higher risk of moisture problems. The deep cavity walls will reduce the temperature of the wood sheathing, which may increase the potential for condensation and mold growth. The …

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Experimental Analysis On A Solar Air Heating Façade System, Valeria Longo, Francesco Isaia, Stefano Fantucci, Lorenza Bianco, Valentina Serra, Ruut Hannele Peuhkuri Sep 2018

Experimental Analysis On A Solar Air Heating Façade System, Valeria Longo, Francesco Isaia, Stefano Fantucci, Lorenza Bianco, Valentina Serra, Ruut Hannele Peuhkuri

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In this study, investigations on the thermal performance of a solar air heating façade system were carried out. The system consists of a double skin building envelope composed by an opaque internal face, with a novel solar absorbent layer and a glazed external face. This kind of system, particularly suitable to refurbish existing building envelopes, is designed to work as a fan-assisted air supply, which mitigates the heating and ventilation demand during the winter period. An experimental campaign was set up using a full scale façade module in order to thoroughly characterize its thermal behavior and the air flow rate. …

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Hygrothermal Assessment Of North Facing, Cold Attic Spaces Under The Eaves With Varying Single Sided Passive Ventilation Strategies And Infiltration Scenarios, In A Cool, Temperate Climate, Nickolaj Feldt Jensen, Søren Peter Bjarløv, Christopher Just Johnston, Casper F. H. Pold, Morten Hjorslev Hansen, Ruut Hannele Peuhkuri Sep 2018

Hygrothermal Assessment Of North Facing, Cold Attic Spaces Under The Eaves With Varying Single Sided Passive Ventilation Strategies And Infiltration Scenarios, In A Cool, Temperate Climate, Nickolaj Feldt Jensen, Søren Peter Bjarløv, Christopher Just Johnston, Casper F. H. Pold, Morten Hjorslev Hansen, Ruut Hannele Peuhkuri

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Relative humidity and temperature were measured in cold attic spaces under the eaves with diffusion-open roofing underlay to investigate different ventilation strategies, the influence of infiltration, and exterior insulated roofing underlay. The project was carried out as a full-scale experimental setup in the cool, temperate climate in Lyngby, Denmark. The objective was to test if the best practice recommendations concerning design of the cold attic space will prevent damaging moisture levels in the attics. Measurements do however indicate that complying with recommendations will not ensure satisfactory moisture levels in the attic spaces. A comparison of the passive ventilation strategies in …

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Application Of Radiant Floor Heating In Large Space Buildings With Significant Cold Air Infiltration Through Door Openings, Gang Liu, Siyu Cheng, Yi Xu, Kuixing Liu Sep 2018

Application Of Radiant Floor Heating In Large Space Buildings With Significant Cold Air Infiltration Through Door Openings, Gang Liu, Siyu Cheng, Yi Xu, Kuixing Liu

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Radiant Floor Heating System (RFHS) has been commonly used in railway stations in cold regions of China for its advantages in thermal comfort and energy efficiency. However, the uneven distribution and extremely cold area of the heating floor, caused by cold air infiltration through door openings, are commonly found in our filed measurements. This impact is not considered in the standardized design methods, resulting in an underestimation of the design heat flux. In this paper, CFD simulations are used to quantify the impacts of natural infiltration on surface heat transfer process. Model validation was made against field measurements. 13 simulations …

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Evaluating The Hygrothermal Performance Of Wooden Beam Heads In 19th Century Town Houses Using In-Situ Measurements, Paul Wegerer, Thomas Bednar Sep 2018

Evaluating The Hygrothermal Performance Of Wooden Beam Heads In 19th Century Town Houses Using In-Situ Measurements, Paul Wegerer, Thomas Bednar

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Improving the energy efficiency of typical 19th century townhouses in middle Europe the focus on the wooden beam bearing’s hygrothermal performance has become more and more important during the last years. There are several issues for the risk of rotting of the wooden parts of the ceiling, because the retrofitting process of the masonry totally changes the hygrothermal conditions inside the wall. Applying an interior insulation or changing the airtightness of the building envelope as well as the introduced moisture from the retrofitting process lead to a moisture increase inside the masonry and might cause rotting of the ceilings’ wooden …

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Sensing And Information Technologies For The Environment (Site); Hardware And Software Innovations In Mobile Sensing Technologies, Munitxa Maider, Elie Bou-Zeid, Biayna Bogosian, Abdulghafar Al Tair, David Radcliff, Scott Fisher, Youngryel Ryu Sep 2018

Sensing And Information Technologies For The Environment (Site); Hardware And Software Innovations In Mobile Sensing Technologies, Munitxa Maider, Elie Bou-Zeid, Biayna Bogosian, Abdulghafar Al Tair, David Radcliff, Scott Fisher, Youngryel Ryu

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This research focuses on the development and integration of low-cost Mobile Urban Sensing Technologies (MUST) and immersive environmental data exploration mechanisms with the ambition to inform citizens about their environments and aid scientists in uncovering the relations between the surface attributes and the urban environment. We propose to use 3D immersive environmental visualization techniques to enable a user-centered interactive analysis and rationalization of the available urban environmental data in relation to further urban attributes. With this ambition, we have developed three mobile apps that explore three strategies of Augmented Reality (AR) 3D visualizations of urban environmental data. While some data …

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Benchmarking The Energy Efficiency Of Office Buildings In Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves De Souza Sep 2018

Benchmarking The Energy Efficiency Of Office Buildings In Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves De Souza

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In countries in which energy efficiency regulations are already consolidated or in the process of being consolidated, an important parameter to be verified is the relative consumption of electric energy of existing buildings in accordance with established ranges of consumption for different types of buildings. In the present paper ISO 52003-1 methodology was applied to create a benchmarking for office buildings for the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil and the work discusses the implications of using the standard’s methodology for the Brazilian scenario. To fulfill this objective, it was necessary to gather electric energy consumption data for this type of …

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Exploring Occupants' Impact At Different Spatial Scales, Sara Gilani, William O'Brien, Burak H. Gunay Sep 2018

Exploring Occupants' Impact At Different Spatial Scales, Sara Gilani, William O'Brien, Burak H. Gunay

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Buildings' users have widely been accepted as a source of uncertainty in building energy performance predictions. However, it is not evident that the diversity of occupants' presence and behavior at the building level is as important as at the room level. The questions are: How should occupants be modeled at different spatial scales? At the various scales of interest, how much difference does it make if: (1) industry standard assumptions or a dynamic occupant modeling approach is used in a simulation-based analysis, and (2) probabilistic or deterministic models are used for the dynamic modeling of occupants? This paper explores the …

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Towards A New Way Of Capturing Occupant Well-Being, Mark Allen, Mauro Overend Sep 2018

Towards A New Way Of Capturing Occupant Well-Being, Mark Allen, Mauro Overend

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Occupant well-being is undergoing a surge of interest in both the research community and industry, as the potential benefits of increased levels of well-being become better quantified and understood. Well-being science itself is also constantly evolving, moving from the traditional negative view of depression and mental disorders as markers of well-being, towards the more positive notion of flourishing, which is feeling good and functioning well. This paper first sets out the key elements of well-being, as found in psychology literature. Surveys and interviews are the main methods used to capture the well-being of individuals and populations, yet completion rates can …

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Thermal Performance Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window: Experiments In A Full-Scale Test Room And Simulation Model, Giovanni Ciampi, Antonio Rosato, Sergio Sibilio, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, Manuela Almeida, Luigi Maffei Sep 2018

Thermal Performance Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window: Experiments In A Full-Scale Test Room And Simulation Model, Giovanni Ciampi, Antonio Rosato, Sergio Sibilio, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, Manuela Almeida, Luigi Maffei

International Building Physics Conference 2018

This paper reports the results of experimental tests and numerical simulations aimed at evaluating the performance of an electric-driven smart window with respect to solar control in buildings. The experimental performances of the electric-driven smart window were evaluated using a south oriented full scale experimental facility designed and realized. The tests were carried out during the summer under real sky conditions upon varying the state of the electricdriven smart window (clear and milky). In the first part of the paper, the experimental results are discussed in terms of surface temperature of glazings as well as indoor air temperature in order …

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