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Droughtscape, Winter 2017, National Drought Mitigation Center

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

Contents

NDMC partners with Sioux tribes to build climate resiliency

Drought intensifies in some regions of U.S. in fall

Fire danger and sequoia deaths in third quarter

2016: Year in review

MENA region forums elicit

feedback from stakeholders

Tech pass-off in Tunisia

Midwest DEWS meetings build collaboration, relationships

Workshop links drought, socioeconomic impacts/p>

Drought center helps ranchers prepare for drought

Drought tourney in Nebraska goes low tech

Owens Lake Core Data, Larry V. Benson

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

In the Owens Lake core data folder:

¹⁴C ages for cores OL84 and OL90 were reported in:

Benson, L.V., Burdett, J.W., Kashgarian, M., Lund, S.P., Phillips, F.M., and Rye, R.O., 1996, Climatic and hydrologic Oscillations in the Owens Lake basin and adjacent Sierra Nevada, California: Science, vol. 274, p. 746-749.

Benson, L.V., 1999, Records of millennial-scale climate change from the Great Basin of the Western United States: In Clark, P., Webb, R., Keigwin, L., eds., Mechanisms of Global Climate Change at Millennial Time Scales, American Geophysical Union Monograph 112, p. 203-225.

Benson, L., 2003, Western Lakes: Chapter 9 in …

Paleomagnetic Secular Variation (Psv) Ages Of Wilson Crk, Plc08-1, Bl04-4, Ol90-1 And 2, Larry V. Benson

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

In the paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) ages folder:

The data for OL90-1 and 2 have not been published

The data for PLC08-1 are reported in:

Benson, L.V., Smoot, J.P., Lund, S.P., Mensing, S.A., Rye, R.O., 2013. Insights from a synthesis of old and new climate-proxy data from the western Lahontan Basin for the period 48 to 11.5 ka. Quaternary International310, 62-82.

Lund, S., Benson, L., Negrini, R., Liddicoat, J., Mensing, S., 2016. A full-vector paleomagnetic secular variation record (PSV) from Pyramid Lake (Nevada) from 47-17 ka: Evidence for the successive Mono Lake and Laschamp Excursions. Earth and Planetary Sciences …

Pyramid And Winnemucca Lake Basin Carbonate Data, Larry V. Benson

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

In the Pyramid and Winnemucca lake basin carbonate data folder:

New unpublished and previously published ¹⁴C and calibrated ages for materials in the Winnemucca Caves are reported in the table and in the references listed below the table

¹⁴C and calibrated ages for Winnemucca Lake Basin carbonates are reported in:

Benson, L.V., Hattori, E.M., Southon, J., Aleck, B., 2013. Dating North America’s oldest petroglyphs, Winnemucca Lake subbasin, Nevada. Journal of Archaeological Science 40, 4466-4476.

Tufa ⁸⁷Sr, ¹⁸O, and ¹³C data are reported in:

Benson, L.V., Smoot, J.P., Lund, S.P., Mensing, S.A., Rye, R.O., 2013. Insights …

Reconstructed Discharge For Truckee River, Larry V. Benson

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

Reconstructed Discharge for Truckee River

Name Date modified Time modified Size MB Extension

Reconstructed Discharge Truckee R\ Reconstructed Discharge for Truckee River.xlsx 11.11.2017 22:40:52 0.02 xlsx

Reconstructed discharge of the Truckee River was made considering losses to evaporation in all upstream reservoirs and corrected for diversion from the Derby Dam to the Newlands area. These data were never previously published.

General Comment: In most cases an age model based on ¹⁴C analyses is not included with the datasets although ones were created for the original publications. Given the general problems with ¹⁴C ages in the lakes of the …

Walker Lake Basin Data, Larry V. Benson, Steve P. Lund

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

Walker Lake Basin Data

Name Date modified Time modified Size MB Extension

Walker Lake Core 84-8 isotope and age data.xls 27.01.2018 15:25:52 0.03 xls

Walker Lake core WL002 PSV age and chemical data.xlsx 09.02.2018 20:04:50 0.03 xlsx

In the Walker Lake Basin folder:

Depth, ¹⁴C age (not corrected for reservoir effect), ¹⁸O, ¹³C data for core 84-8 are reported in:

Benson, L. V., 1988, Preliminary paleolimnologic data for the Walker Lake subbasin, California and Nevada: United States Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4258, 50 p. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 240: 497-507.

Depth, PSV age, TIC , ¹⁸O, …

Pyramid Lake Core Data, Larry V. Benson

United States Geological Survey: Datasets

Pyramid Lake Core Data

14C and calibrated ages for core PLC08-1.xlsx 01.03.2014 19:45:30 0.01 xlsx

14C and calibrated ages for core PLC92B.xlsx 04.03.2014 16:41:30 0.01 xlsx

14C and calibrated ages for core PLC97-3.xlsx 01.03.2014 19:50:48 0.01 xlsx

CalKa Depth TOC TIC 18O 13C for PLC97-1.xlsx 09.11.2017 20:51:22 0.04 xlsx

Depth 14CAge Corrected 14C AGE CAL Age PLC98-4.xlsx 15.11.2017 18:26:12 0.01 xlsx

Depth 180 13C TOTC TOC TIC porosity CYBP Box Core PLB98-2.xlsx 01.03.2014 20:00:46 0.01 xlsx

Depth CalAge TIC TOTC TOC 13C 18O PLC98-4.xlsx 02.03.2014 00:32:20 0.05 xlsx

Depth Equivalent Depth in PLC08-1 PSV age 180 13C TIC TOC for …

Compensatory Response Of Fathead Minnow Larvae Following A Pulsed In-Situ Exposure To A Seasonal Agricultural Runoff Event, Jonathan M. Ali, John Sangster, Daniel D. Snow, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Alan S. Kolok

Nebraska Water Center: Faculty Publications

Agriculturally-dominated waterways such as those found throughout the Midwestern United States often experience seasonal pulses of agrichemical contaminants which pose a potential hazard to aquatic organisms at varying life stages. The objective of this study was to characterize the developmental plasticity of fathead minnow larvae in a natural environment subject to a seasonal episodic perturbation in the form of a complex mixture of agricultural stressors. Fathead minnow larvae were maintained at the Elkhorn River Research Station for a 28-d in situ exposure to an agrichemical pulse event.Minnow larvae were sampled after 14 and 28 days to characterize developmental plasticity through …

River Report. State Of The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, Contaminants, 2017, Environmental Protection Board, City Of Jacksonville, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University, Gerry Pinto, Nisse Goldberg, Radha Pyati, Anthony Ouellette, Gretchen Bielmyer-Fraser, An-Phong Le, Brian P. Zoellner, Peter Bacopoulos

State of the River Report

No abstract provided.

Water–Soil–Vegetation Dynamic Interactions In Changing Climate, Xixi Wang, Xuefeng Chu, Tingxi Liu, Xiangju Cheng, Rich Whittecar

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Previous studies of land degradation, topsoil erosion, and hydrologic alteration typically focus on these subjects individually, missing important interrelationships among these important aspects of the Earth's system. However, an understanding of water–soil–vegetation dynamic interactions is needed to develop practical and effective solutions to sustain the globe's eco-environment and grassland agriculture, which depends on grasses, legumes, and other fodder or soil-building crops. This special issue is intended to be a platform for a discussion of the relevant scientific findings based on experimental and/or modeling studies. Its 12 peer-reviewed articles present data, novel analysis/modeling approaches, and convincing results of water–soil–vegetation interactions under …

Factors Influencing Cladophora Biomass Abundance In The Upper Clark Fork River, Montana., Nicholas J. Banish

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Spatiotemporal Distribution Of Eutrophication In Lake Tai As Affected By Wind, Wenhui Zhang, Qiujin Xu, Xixi Wang, Xiaozhen Hu, Cheng Wang, Yan Pang, Yanbin Hu, Yang Zhao, Xiao Zhao

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

One common hypothesis is that wind can affect concentrations of nutrients (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in shallow lakes. However, the tests of this hypothesis have yet to be conclusive in existing literature. The objective of this study was to use long-term data to examine how wind direction and wind speed affect the spatiotemporal variations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and Chl-a in Lake Tai, a typical shallow lake located in east China. The results indicated that the concentrations of nutrients and Chl-a tended to decrease from the northwest to the southeast of Lake Tai, with …

Developing A Hydrological Monitoring Program For Ponds In Wapusk National Park, Manitoba, Using Water Isotope Tracers, Stephanie Roy

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Northern lake-rich landscapes are vulnerable to increases in surface air temperatures and are changing in dynamic ways. Current meteorological records indicate that some of the greatest warming in the past century has occurred in the Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL). As the HBL is an extensive wetland consisting of hundreds of thousands of shallow lakes and ponds, it is difficult to anticipate the long-term implications that climate change will have on pond water balance. To develop and implement long-term monitoring of hydrological conditions, sampling of pond water isotope composition has occurred during the past six years in Wapusk National Park (WNP), …

Flight Of The Freshwater Fish, Michael H. Wilson

Capstones

Michael H. Wilson

Capstone Abstract

December 27, 2016

Flight of the Freshwater Fish

The Hudson River provides for millions of people as a path for commercial and private transportation, a source of food and energy, and perhaps most importantly for many living in the tri-state area as a destination for recreation and relaxation. The most overlooked feature of the river is how the wildlife shows clear signs of a changing climate and rapid environmental response to the impacts of global warming on the river.

Entire populations of fish species in the lower Hudson have been forced to leave the river …

Groundwater-Flow Model Of The Northern High Plains Aquifer In Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, And Wyoming, Steven M. Peterson, Amanda T. Flynn, Jonathan (Jp) Traylor

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

The High Plains aquifer is a nationally important water resource underlying about 175,000 square miles in parts of eight states: Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Droughts across much of the Northern High Plains from 2001 to 2007 have combined with recent (2004) legislative mandates to elevate concerns regarding future availability of groundwater and the need for additional information to support science-based water-resource management. To address these needs, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) began the High Plains Groundwater Availability Study to provide a tool for water-resource managers and other stakeholders to assess the status …

Umphlett Qci Dec 2016, Natalie A. Umphlett

High Plains Regional Climate Center: Staff Publications

Highlights for the Basin

Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies

Drought Conditions

Large Fires Impact Region

Heavy Rains Bring Flooding to Montana

Isolated Impacts to Agriculture

3-Month Precipitation and Temperature Outlooks

Soil Moisture Conditions

Development Of A Risk Assessment Framework To Predict Invasive Species Establishment For Multiple Taxonomic Groups And Vectors Of Introduction, Alisha D. Davidson, Abigail J. Fusaro, Rochelle A. Sturtevant, Edward S. Rutherford, Donna R. Kashian

Biological Sciences Faculty Research Publications

A thorough assessment of aquatic nonindigenous species’ risk facilitates successful monitoring and prevention activities. However, species- and vector-specific information is often limited and difficult to synthesize across a single risk framework. To address this need, we developed an assessment framework capable of estimating the potential for introduction, establishment, and impact by aquatic nonindigenous species from diverse spatial origins and taxonomic classification, in novel environments. Our model builds on previous approaches, while taking on a new perspective for evaluation across species, vectors and stages to overcome the limitations imposed by single species and single vector assessments. We applied this globally-relevant framework …

How To Collect Your Water Sample And Interpret The Results For The Livestock Analytical Package, Bradley J. Austin, Dirk Philipp, Mike Daniels, Brian E. Haggard

Arkansas Water Resource Center Fact Sheets

A plentiful supply of clean water is crucial for livestock health and productivity. To determine the quality of your livestock’s water resources, periodic sampling and analysis is needed. The Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) in cooperation with the UA Cooperative Extension Service offers several analytical packages to assess the quality of your water resources. This document is intended to provide guidance to livestock owners on collecting water samples for analysis and understanding the results on your report provided by the AWRC’s Water Quality Laboratory (Lab). The information contained within this fact sheet should be used as general guidance, and the …

How To Collect Your Water Sample And Interpret The Results For The Fish Pond Analytical Package, Bradley J. Austin, Amit Sinha, Nathan Stone, W. Reed Green, Mike Daniels, Brian E. Haggard

Arkansas Water Resource Center Fact Sheets

The Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) in cooperation with the Cooperative Extension Service offers several analytical packages to assess the quality of your water resources. This document is intended to provide guidance to aquaculture producers and pond owners on the “Fish Pond Report” provided by the AWRC’s water quality laboratory. The information contained within this fact sheet should be used as general guidance, and the reader is encouraged to seek advice from Extension specialists regarding the interpretation of individual reports and water testing results that may be of concern. The Aquaculture Center for Excellence is at the University of Arkansas …

Identifying Groundwater - Dependent Wetlands Of The Broome Sandstone Aquifer In The La Grange Groundwater Area, Nicholas Wright, Richard J. George Dr, Robert Paul, Paul Raper

Resource management technical reports

This report identifies wetlands that are likely to be dependent on the Broome Sandstone aquifer within the La Grange groundwater allocation area. The Broome Sandstone aquifer is the dominant groundwater resource in the area. With potential agricultural growth of this area, it is necessary to understand, monitor and manage the aquifer and its dependent wetlands. This report describes how we created a watertable surface that was used to identify wetlands and to determine which of the previously mapped wetlands are likely to be sourced from the Broome Sandstone aquifer. A watertable surface was created from 148 points taken from bore …

2016 Columbia River Flowering Rush Survey, Rich Miller, Mark D. Sytsma

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

Flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus L.) early detection surveys were conducted in Lake Umatilla during the summer of 2016. Flowering rush is a Class A Noxious Weed in Washington State due to its aggressive nature, ecological and economic impacts, and limited distribution. Dense stands can outcompete native riparian plants, interfere with boating and fishing, and impede irrigation flows. Flowering rush has been reported in eight Washington counties (WSDA 2016) including a large infestation detected during 2008 in the Yakima River, Benton County. Several pioneering populations have since been detected further downstream in Lake Wallula and Lake Umatilla on the Columbia River …

Water Quality Reporting Limits, Method Detection Limits, And Censored Values: What Does It All Mean?, Bradley J. Austin, J. Thad Scott, Mike Daniels, Brian E. Haggard

Arkansas Water Resource Center Fact Sheets

The Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) maintains a fee-based water-quality lab that is certified by the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). The AWRC Water Quality Lab analyzes water samples for a variety of constituents, using standard methods for the analysis of water samples (APHA 2012). The lab generates a report on the analysis, which is provided to clientele, and reports the concentrations or values as measured. Often times the concentrations or values might be very small, even zero as reported by the lab – what does this mean? How should we use this information? This document is intended to …

Database Analysis To Support Nutrient Criteria Development (Phase Ii), B. E. Haggard, M.A. Evans-White, L.B. Massey, E.M. Grantz

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The intent of this publication of the Arkansas Water Resources Center is to provide a location whereby a final report on water research to a funding agency can be archived. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) contracted with University of Arkansas researchers for a multiple year project titled “Database Analysis to Support Nutrient Criteria Development”. This publication covers the second of three phases of that project and has maintained the original format of the report as submitted to TCEQ. This report can be cited either as an AWRC publication (see below) or directly as the final report to TCEQ.

Database Analysis To Support Nutrient Criteria Development (Phase I), B. E. Haggard, J.T. Scott, M.A. Evans-White

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The intent of this publication of the Arkansas Water Resources Center is to provide a location whereby a final report on water research to a funding agency can be archived. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) contracted with University of Arkansas researchers for a multiple year project titled “Database Analysis to Support Nutrient Criteria Development”. This publication covers the first of three phases of that project and has maintained the original format of the report as submitted to TCEQ. This report can be cited either as an AWRC publication (see below) or directly as the final report to TCEQ.

Beaver Lake Numeric Chlorophyll-A And Secchi Transparency Standards, Phases Ii And Iii: Uncertainty And Trend Analysis, J. Thad Scott, Brian E. Haggard, Zachary Simpson, Matthew Rich

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The objective of Phases II and III of this study were to 1) assess the variation in chl‐a and ST across multiple spatial and temporal scales in Beaver Lake in order to validate the assessment method, and 2) quantify trends in chl‐a, ST, and nutrient (total phosphorus and total nitrogen) concentrations in Beaver Lake and the major inflowing rivers to verify any potential water quality impairment.

Database Analysis To Support Nutrient Criteria Development (Phase Iii), J. T. Scott, E.M. Grantz

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The intent of this publication of the Arkansas Water Resources Center is to provide a location whereby a final report on water research to a funding agency can be archived. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) contracted with University of Arkansas researchers for a multiple year project titled “Database Analysis to Support Nutrient Criteria Development”. This publication covers the third of three phases of that project and has maintained the original format of the report as submitted to TCEQ. This report can be cited either as an AWRC publication (see below) or directly as the final report to TCEQ.

Droughtscape, Fall 2016, National Drought Mitigation Center

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

Contents

NDMC welcome two to team

Third quarter drought summary: Drought still spreading

Third quarter drought impacts: It was a hot, dry summer

Drought management framework for Africa approved

MENA region update

US Virgin Islands one step closer to its own drought monitor

Montana looks to improve watershed resilience

Tournament tackles hazards

Web tool will help officials make drought-related decisions

Dry Horizons launches

Climate Change Impacts On Freshwater Wetland Hydrology And Vegetation Cover Cycling Along A Regional Aridity Gradient, Philip A. Fay, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Jennifer H. Olker, W. Carter Johnson

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Global mean temperature may increase up to 6°C by the end of this century and together with precipitation change may steepen regional aridity gradients. The hydrology, productivity, and ecosystem services from freshwater wetlands depend on their future water balance. We simulated the hydrology and vegetation dynamics of wetland complexes in the North American Prairie Pothole Region with the WETLANDSCAPE model. Simulations for 63 precipitation × temperature combinations spanning 6°C warming and −20% to +20% annual precipitation change at 19 locations along a mid-continental aridity gradient showed that aridity explained up to 99% of the variation in wetland stage and hydroperiod …

Assessing Aquatic System Metabolism Response To Disturbance, Traci Carmen Hudson

Student Theses and Dissertations

Until recently, agricultural drainage ditches and urban stream systems have been underrepresented within aquatic research studies. This underrepresentation has led to gaps in knowledge within the area of ecosystem structure and function, characteristics of agriculture and urban stream stressors, and management strategies for those streams. Many of the factors (increased nutrients, changes to the quantity and composition of organic carbon inputs, light alterations, and sedimentation) that impair water bodies associated with agricultural drainage and urbanization also influence stream processes. Stream organic matter production and consumption measured as ecosystem metabolism, is a fundamental process comprised of gross primary production (GPP) and …

Water Quality Monitoring At Impaired Sites On The Cache River, Ar, Usa, Molly Elaine Kennon-Lacy

Student Theses and Dissertations

Cache River Watershed, AR has several impairments, including: dissolved lead (Pb) and copper (Cu), and total dissolved solids (TDS). Eight sites were monitored monthly measuring: pH, conductivity, DO, total suspended solids (TSS), TDS, turbidity, hardness, dissolved and total nutrients and metals (Pb and Cu), to add to ADEQ’s database. Flow was measured to determine if there was a relationship between measured parameters and periods of low or high flow. Filtration size (0.45 vs 0.20 µm) was compared to conclude if using different size filters on water samples affected concentrations of metals in water. Bioassays were performed using aquatic organisms on …