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Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

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Articles 301 - 330 of 397

Full-Text Articles in Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

A Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Proposed St. Thomas-St. John Sand Mining Project, Random Dubois Jan 1979

A Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Proposed St. Thomas-St. John Sand Mining Project, Random Dubois

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

A territorial ban on beach and sand removal in the U. S. Virgin Islands has resulted in a search for alternative sources. Insecure extra-territorial reserves and high shipping costs have made sand importation prohibitive. Recent surveys conducted in 1977 by the U. S. Geological Survey identified several nearshore sources of aggregate adjacent to the island of St. Thomas. In a 1978 workshop jointly conducted by the Government of the Virgin Islands and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration various alternatives were presented for sand extraction. Two alternatives are examined using a cost benefit approach.

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Non-Professional Scuba Training Fatalities In The United States (1970-1976), Peter Redmayne Dec 1978

Non-Professional Scuba Training Fatalities In The United States (1970-1976), Peter Redmayne

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

From 1970 to 1976 ninety seven fatalities occurred during scuba diving training courses taught by nationally recognized scuba certification agencies. Data from these fatalities was gathered and analyzed at the University of Rhode Island's National Underwater Accident Data Center (NUADC) from September 1977 to June 1978. After analysis of each case and compilation of data for the statistical tables, an effort was made to look for specific trends that occurred over the course of the period investigated. In the course of analysis it became evident that a high percentage of training facilities occurred to students who were diving in less …

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Dredge Spoil Disposal With Particular Reference To Management Practices In Southern New England, Lynne A. Melville Jun 1978

Dredge Spoil Disposal With Particular Reference To Management Practices In Southern New England, Lynne A. Melville

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One-half million acres of U.S. coastal wetlands have been destroyed by dredging and filling operations since 1956. They are being destroyed at the rate of 0.5-1.0% each year. In one ten year period, Rhode Island lost 5% of its 2000 acres of wetlands to urban development, and Connecticut lost 12% of its marsh lands. Less than 1500 acres of marsh remain in Connecticut. During the course of this research project, I examined one aspect of wetland destruction - the dredging and disposal of spoil materials onto wetlands and into the coastal waters of Southern New England. What follows is a …

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Present Trends In The Development Of Marine Fisheries By Coastal States Of The East Central Atlantic, Ethman T. A. Golley-Morgan May 1978

Present Trends In The Development Of Marine Fisheries By Coastal States Of The East Central Atlantic, Ethman T. A. Golley-Morgan

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In order to create an incentive for a rapid development of the rural-based artisanal fisheries of coastal states, that can actively compete with large scale industrial fisheries of non-coastal states as well as coastal states of the region, some states are now moving towards an integrated approach in their development efforts. Such integrated projects will take into consideration rural development, provision of infrastructural facilities for fish handling and processing, vessel servicing, repairs and boat building. Socio-economic factors such as organization of fishermen's cooperatives, financing and marketing institutions are also vital inputs.

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An Input-Output Analysis Of The Soviet Fleet In Icnaf Areas 5 And 6, 1961-1973, F. Robert Bauer May 1978

An Input-Output Analysis Of The Soviet Fleet In Icnaf Areas 5 And 6, 1961-1973, F. Robert Bauer

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One of the goals of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 was the rebuilding of the American fishing industry. However, the Act does not give the U.S.fisherman exclusive rights to the fishery resource. The American fisherman will still be competing with the foreign fleets. Section 204 (b) (1) of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976. states: Each foreign nation with which the United States has entered into a governing international agreement shall submit an application to the Secretary of State each year for a permit for each of its fishing vessels to engage in fishing described …

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Meeting The United States Requirement For A Merchant Marine, John F. Drake Apr 1978

Meeting The United States Requirement For A Merchant Marine, John F. Drake

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper will derive the United States' need for a merchant fleet from the facts available, and will express these needs in terms which can be used to form reasonable goals. The history of the U.S. Merchant Marine will then be examined to learn how it arrived at its present status. Successes and failures of industry practices and government support programs will be highlighted, and an examination will be made of the degree to which the needs of the United States can be met with today's U.S. merchant fleet.

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Science In The Sea-Can The Scientists Endure 200 Mile Jurisdiction?: A Case Study Of The R/V Trident 1973-1975, Barbara Ray Apr 1978

Science In The Sea-Can The Scientists Endure 200 Mile Jurisdiction?: A Case Study Of The R/V Trident 1973-1975, Barbara Ray

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Before the 1958 Continental Shelf Convention scientists were free to do their research anywhere in the oceans except within a narrow band of territorial waters. Since that time national jurisdiction has closed off increasing amounts of the sea. Most coastal areas and continental shelf areas now require coastal state consent prior to commencing work. Possible reasons for this closure include 1) fear of natural resource exploitation, 2) fear of military exploitation, or 3) growing feelings of nationalism among the developing countries. This paper is divided into two parts. The first deals at length with the development of the issue of …

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Optimum Yield And The Fcma: A Case For Economic Discrimination, Herrick J. Johnson Jan 1978

Optimum Yield And The Fcma: A Case For Economic Discrimination, Herrick J. Johnson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Marine Affairs thesis from the University of Rhode Island.

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Concrete Ships, Mark L. Lavache Jan 1978

Concrete Ships, Mark L. Lavache

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The incentive behind this study is based on a two-fold premise: 1) that a comprehensive outline of the historical development of concrete shipbuilding and its related technologies is either non-existent or defies discovery, and 2) that although this study is neither based on a hypothesis, nor intended to resolve a problem area or promote a position, its merit lies in its inductive nature. Included are explanations of of the various compositions, uses, and construction techniques relating to reinforced concrete, ferro-cement, and prestressed concrete.

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Interagency Conflict And Its Effect On Intermodal Shipping, Gerald Seifert Jan 1978

Interagency Conflict And Its Effect On Intermodal Shipping, Gerald Seifert

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The movement of goods by more than one mode of transportation in a single container has been viewed by some in the marine component of the transportation industry as a transformation a important as the coming of steam. Concerns with intermodalism and the difficulties faced in addressing the needs presented by the technologically enhanced maritime transportation industry do not start with the invention of the first multi-package container capable of being moved by several modes of transportation without need to repack; they start with an exploration of the perceived need to regulate the several components of the transportation industry, the …

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A Proposal For A World Ocean Management Authority: As An Alternative Ocean Regime To Meet The Challenge Of The Management And Utilization Of Collective Ocean Activities, Simon W. Tache Jan 1978

A Proposal For A World Ocean Management Authority: As An Alternative Ocean Regime To Meet The Challenge Of The Management And Utilization Of Collective Ocean Activities, Simon W. Tache

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The oceans may be an alternative source of resource supply offering the opportunity for extensive practical uses. A number of ocean systems have been instituted to manage the exploitation of ocean resources including the practice of states to negotiate and enter into bilateral and multilateral agreements on a variety of ocean activities; but the complexities as well as the tendency of some of these ocean uses to generate extraterritorial effects, accentuate the need for a global response to alleviate these problems. Isolated individual national regulations and standards lack international uniformity to ensure adequate and rational utilization of the oceans and …

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A National Approach For Marine Scientific Research In Exclusive Economic Zones, Thomas H. Brillat Jan 1978

A National Approach For Marine Scientific Research In Exclusive Economic Zones, Thomas H. Brillat

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

After years of constant negotiations at the Third United Nations Conference of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), no new codified law for the seas has been produced. It appears certain, though, that countries throughout the world will exercise some form of sovereignty or national jurisdiction over an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending 188 miles into the ocean beyond a twelve mile territorial sea. Included in this jurisdiction will be the control of marine scientific research (MSR). A need has arisen to establish a uniform procedure for the conduct of MSR to the mutual advantages of the coastal state, …

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State Effort In Controlling Oil Spills, Victor Alan Bell May 1977

State Effort In Controlling Oil Spills, Victor Alan Bell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In light of the growing demand for imported oil, the accelerated offshore development program and the recent series of tanker incidents, many states have enacted, or plan to enact, legislation to protect their coastal lands and waters from oil pollution. The purpose of this paper is to outline present state legislation that deals with controlling oil pollution, and stating how this legislation would coexist with existing and proposed federal legislation and the International Conventions. The results of this study point to areas where state legislation would be useful and where overlapping or unnecessary legislation does exist.

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The Intergovernmental Balancing Act: State-Federal Interests In Coastal Zone Management, Timothy M. Alexander Apr 1977

The Intergovernmental Balancing Act: State-Federal Interests In Coastal Zone Management, Timothy M. Alexander

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The central notion of intergovernmental and inter-interest balancing suggested by the title of this paper reflects a distinctly American theme derived from our pluralistic, competing, compromissory and somewhat optimistic governmental values and experience. The Coastal Zone Management Act (hereafter CZMA or the Act) and the success of its implementation rests firmly on this balancing premise. The CZMA's assumptions, processes and implicit or stated objectives involve reliance on a governmental system that achieves effective and equitable intergovernmental balance.Yet, as I think this investigation will show, there are no ready-made answers as to how balance is to be achieved through the Act--let …

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West Africa (East Central Atlantic) As A Regional Base For Fisheries Management, Conservation And Research: And Pollution Control, Vincent F. Adebolu Apr 1977

West Africa (East Central Atlantic) As A Regional Base For Fisheries Management, Conservation And Research: And Pollution Control, Vincent F. Adebolu

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

About two decades ago when the First Law of the Sea Conference was underway, little attention was paid to ocean management. By then all of the ocean space apart from narrow bands of coastal waters was broadly recognized as the High Seas which is open to use by all countries. But despite this concept of free open use, only the major maritime powers were actually interested in maximizing the freedom of the seas principle. During this period there were only ninety independent coastal and landlocked states.

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Rhode Island Coastal Zone Management And Local Government Organizational Structure: An Analysis Of Selected Community Governments, Methods, And Capabilities, Robert F. Greene Apr 1977

Rhode Island Coastal Zone Management And Local Government Organizational Structure: An Analysis Of Selected Community Governments, Methods, And Capabilities, Robert F. Greene

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

It is the purpose of this discussion to examine the organizational structure, and the governmental processes selected Rhode Island communities utilize to carry out their particular role as participants in the management of the coastal resources within their political boundaries. Insofar as practicable, the major sources of information for this research are the communities themselves--their elected and appointed officials, and the documentary material the Towns generate and use as they carry out their management functions.

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A Study Of The Second And Third Committees Of The Third United Nations Conference On The Law Of The Sea, James C. Bridgman Apr 1977

A Study Of The Second And Third Committees Of The Third United Nations Conference On The Law Of The Sea, James C. Bridgman

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea was divided along lines established for the preparitory Conference. The plenary consisted of all delegates of all delegations and was generally used to make formal what had already been negotiated in closed sessions. In the fifth session, it took on a new function as a forum for debating in closed session proposed articles on dispute settlement. In the future, it will look at drafts of the preamble and final clauses to the Convention. Each of three primary committees was empowered with specific issues to consider, again stemming from the …

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A Proposal For Renewable Resource Management In Long Island Sound, Oliver T. Edstrom Apr 1977

A Proposal For Renewable Resource Management In Long Island Sound, Oliver T. Edstrom

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In the United States, prior to Public Law 94-265, the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, regulation of the harvest of oceanic fishery stocks was complicated by the principles of common property resource laws founded by Grotius' dissertation on freedom of the seas. Public Law 94-265 vests ownership in the right to manage stock of fish within 200 miles of the United States' coast to the United States as trustee of that fishery resource. Within the framework of extended jurisdiction of fishery management, individual states in the republic keep and maintain control of fishery resources. within their respective territories.

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Distortion In Map Projections: Its Effect On The Interpretation Of Maritime Boundaries And Related Activities, Austin H. Gedney Iii Jan 1977

Distortion In Map Projections: Its Effect On The Interpretation Of Maritime Boundaries And Related Activities, Austin H. Gedney Iii

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Distortion inherent in map projections can effect the delimitation of maritime boundaries. Thirty-nine maps of three study areas representative of the world were drawn, and the envelope and median line offshore boundaries were constructed on them. Every country's enclosed boundary area was measure in each of the four categories of distortion; equivalency, conformality, equidistance and constant bearing. The result revealed a number of projections that indicate a wide range of usefulness depending on the degree of deformation and preservation of properties for a particular study area.

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The Future Of Excess Navy Lands: A Case Study Of The Quonset Point-Davisville, Rhode Island Coastal Fringe, Thomas E. Bigford Jan 1977

The Future Of Excess Navy Lands: A Case Study Of The Quonset Point-Davisville, Rhode Island Coastal Fringe, Thomas E. Bigford

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

With spiraling costs in government, the American taxpayer and the Office of Management and Budget have encountered continuing problems in spending. One outcome of such economic hardships, emphasized in this period of peacetime, has been significant budgetary cutbacks in the Department of Defense. Translated through the political heirarchy, these cuts eventually resulted in the closing of many military bases. Regardless of the geographical location, each excessed base posed problems to the respective area and state. Problems arose concerning immediate socio-economic hardships in the region, changes in ownership of the land, and most obviously, future uses of the property.This subject is …

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The Port Of Providence: Perspectives On Development, Jerome F. Mcgourthy Aug 1976

The Port Of Providence: Perspectives On Development, Jerome F. Mcgourthy

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The paper identified environmental, technological and socio-political factors which have contributed to the demise of the Providence River Port as a regional dry cargo distribution center and examines plans and policies contemplated by local government and business interests to counteract the Port's decline.

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Federal/State Coordination In Coastal Permitting Procedures, James H. Asthalter May 1976

Federal/State Coordination In Coastal Permitting Procedures, James H. Asthalter

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In 1972 Congress passed the Coastal Zone Management Act. Under Section 302 of the act Congress found that "there is a national interest in effective management, beneficial use, protection and development of the coastal zone." To this end, Congress in Section 303 declared that there is a national policy (a) to preserve, protect, develop and, where possible, to restore or enhance the resources of the nation's coastal zone for this and succeeding generations, (b) to encourage and assist the states to exercise effectively their responsibilities in the coastal zone through development and implementation of management programs to achieve wise use …

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A Computerized Marine Data And Information System-Endex/Oasis, Steven J. Tibbitt May 1976

A Computerized Marine Data And Information System-Endex/Oasis, Steven J. Tibbitt

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The volume of international and national environmental data and information in the marine, earth and atmospheric sciences has created the need to systematically organize, handle, manipulate, store and retrieve this material utilizing sophisticated computer hardware and provide the scientist, student, planner and decision-maker with the awareness and accessibility of available data and information. Consonant with the objectives outlined for NOAA and the need generated by the explosion of information and data in this area, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA), Environmental Data Service (EDS) and the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), have an ongoing development effort in the Envirorrmental Data …

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The Value Of The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission To Developing Nations, Georgia Cranmore May 1976

The Value Of The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission To Developing Nations, Georgia Cranmore

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this report is to investigate the structure and functions of the IOC in order to determine its statutory authority to serve developing nations; to evaluate its current and potential activities in terms of the specific requirements of less scientifically developed countries; and to suggest changes in operation and attitude needed to advance the IOC's stated purpose; the international promotion of marine science.

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The Legal And Institutional Status And Potential Of Aquaculture In Rhode Island, F. B. Montague Apr 1976

The Legal And Institutional Status And Potential Of Aquaculture In Rhode Island, F. B. Montague

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The types of aquaculture practiced in Rhode Island are divided into extensive and intensive forms. Current efforts are discussed with accompanying photographs, and depuration is presented as a means for expanding the waters available for aquaculture. To gain insight into the institutional nature for Rhode Island aquaculture, the relevant state agencies and possible required permits are outlined, along with the impact of existing state laws affecting aquaculture.

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Cost-Benefit Considerations In Routing Pipelines Through Offshore Fishing Grounds, James R. Sturges Apr 1976

Cost-Benefit Considerations In Routing Pipelines Through Offshore Fishing Grounds, James R. Sturges

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this work is to explore the technology and economics associated with the options which might be used to transport oil from Georges Bank with the least total cost objective in mind. First, we summarize background information on the existing usage of Georges Bank by fishermen and those offshore areas of greatest interest to the oil industry. A consideration of various alternatives of transportation to shore and their relative costs (and benefits) should allow one to get a handle, approximate as it may be, on which might be best for society as a whole in terms of least …

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An Examination Of New England's Coastal Wetlands Legislation, Joseph M. D'Eugenio Apr 1976

An Examination Of New England's Coastal Wetlands Legislation, Joseph M. D'Eugenio

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper will examine the different legislative schemes that have been created in New England for the protection of coastal wetlands. It will assess how they have worked in practice, both with respect to their administration and the judicial response to them, and will outline the arguments for and against upholding restrictions on the use of wetlands under the legislation.

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Evolution Of The Us-Ussr Draft Convention On The Prohibition Of Military Or Any Other Hostile Use Of Environmental Modification Techniques: New International Environmental Law, Howard L. April Apr 1976

Evolution Of The Us-Ussr Draft Convention On The Prohibition Of Military Or Any Other Hostile Use Of Environmental Modification Techniques: New International Environmental Law, Howard L. April

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One cannot pick up a newspaper or news magazine at this time in early 1976 without reading about possible threats to the environment such as Concorde SST's potential impact on the ozone layer or the possibility that the fluorocarbon propellants in aerosol cans will deplete the ozone layer. In February 1976, Secretary of Transportation Coleman in announcing his decision to permit the Concorde to land at Dulles Airport outside of Washington, D.C. and at JFK Airport in New York considered that the impact of the 16 months of test flights on the stratosphere would be miniscule and the speculation of …

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A Hydroclimatic Study Of The Narragansett Bay Drainage Basin: The Effects Of Climate And Urban Land Use On Runoff, Paul J. Jaillet Jan 1976

A Hydroclimatic Study Of The Narragansett Bay Drainage Basin: The Effects Of Climate And Urban Land Use On Runoff, Paul J. Jaillet

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study analyzes the relationship between the climate of the Narragansett Bay Drainage Basin and the increasing urban land use into a relative increase in runoff in the Basin streams. Data for thirty-five years were collected to discern the trends in runoff within the Basin. It was hypothesized that runoff is increasing in relation to an increase in urban acreage. Runoff data were analyzed in two forms. The Thornthwaite water budget was used to estimate runoff. For this, Basin temperature and precipitation records were necessary inputs. The estimated runoff was plotted against observed runoff by double-mass analysis. Deviations from the …

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The Future Of Hard Minerals Mining On The New England Continental Margin, James D. Eger Jan 1976

The Future Of Hard Minerals Mining On The New England Continental Margin, James D. Eger

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

As man's needs for all commodities increase with the rapid worldwide increase in technological development, new sources for these commodities must be sought. In the United States, shortages of many materials are already being experienced, and the health of our economy is dependent on the continued supply of these vital materials. In order to supply our needs for minerals, intensified and improved exploration methods, improved technology allowing utilization of lower grade ores, synthetics and substitutes, government sponsored research programs, and new exploitable areas all must be developed. This study will look at the current situation affecting hard minerals mining on …

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