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Articles 361 - 390 of 476

Full-Text Articles in Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The Malaysian Fishing Gears And Methods, Mohamed Ibrahim Bin Haji Mohamed Jan 1980

The Malaysian Fishing Gears And Methods, Mohamed Ibrahim Bin Haji Mohamed

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

There are more than 40 types of fishing gears operated in Malaysia. These gears are classified locally into 11 gear groups based on their principles of operation. These gears have never been fully documented. This investigation attempts to document all the commercially important fishing gears in the country, the technical specifications, methods of operation, identify spacial differences in gears, operation and review the share/lay system operated in the industry.

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Oil And Gas Development On Georges Bank: The Responsibility Of Federal Agencies For Assessment And Mitigation Of Potential Impacts On The Ecosystem, Carolyn A. Griswold Jan 1980

Oil And Gas Development On Georges Bank: The Responsibility Of Federal Agencies For Assessment And Mitigation Of Potential Impacts On The Ecosystem, Carolyn A. Griswold

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Is it possible to provide adequate protection for the Georges Bank ecosystem as oil and gas exploration begins? The fishing industry and environmentalists say "no," but it is the resource managers who are faced with the task of predicting, assessing and mitigating impacts of development while at the same time managing resources and protecting fishery habitats. Much of this responsibility falls within NOAA; however, legislative mandates and agency responsibilities and goals mean that several other federal agencies are involved as well. This paper is an attempt to describe the potential impacts of oil and gas exploration on the Georges Bank …

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The Feasibility Of Increased Utilization Of The Georges Bank Herring Stock, Carder Starr Jan 1980

The Feasibility Of Increased Utilization Of The Georges Bank Herring Stock, Carder Starr

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The United States has embarked upon a new era of commercial fisheries management and development with the enactment of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (FCMA). The primary objectives of the FCMA are "to take immediate action to conserve and manage the fishery resources found off the coasts of the U.S." and "to encourage the development of fisheries which are currently underutilized...by the U.S. fishing industry...." One of these underutilized stocks is the Georges Bank herring stock. This study hopes to show that the operation of a fish-processing vessel can be a feasible enterprise with good returns to …

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The Impact Of Extended Jurisdiction To 200 Nautical Miles On The Development And Management Of Fisheries In Western Samoa, Fili Suafoa Jan 1980

The Impact Of Extended Jurisdiction To 200 Nautical Miles On The Development And Management Of Fisheries In Western Samoa, Fili Suafoa

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The consequences of the inevitable acceptance of extended jurisdiction and its impact on the development and management of fisheries in Western Samoa are considered within the framework of the principles outlined at the United Nations Third Conference of the Law of the Sea - Revised Informal Composite Negotiating Text for the Eighth Session 1979. It is pointed out that with the passage of the 200-mile exclusive economic zone, Western Samoa not only has the opportunity to benefit from the harvesting of fish under its jurisdiction, but also must accept the responsibility of ensuring that the resource is rationally managed, and …

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The Feasibility Of Processing Fish Aboard The F/V Friesland, Thomas Dykstra Jan 1980

The Feasibility Of Processing Fish Aboard The F/V Friesland, Thomas Dykstra

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Many social, economic and regulatory changes have been occurring in the New England fishing industry over the past few years. These changes demand responses from the individual industry participants. The purpose of this paper is to look at the feasibility of processing onboard the F/V Friesland, as an individual response, in an effort to increase the ex-vessel price of fish resulting in the maintenance of a gross stock and a life style. The F/V Friesland, built in 1978, is an 87 foot stern trawler which participates in the mixed species groundfshery of New England out of the port of Pt. …

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Toward Restructuring The Nova Scotia Fishing Fleets As A Result Of The Establishment Of Canada's 200-Mile Fishery Zone, Blaine Gillis Jan 1980

Toward Restructuring The Nova Scotia Fishing Fleets As A Result Of The Establishment Of Canada's 200-Mile Fishery Zone, Blaine Gillis

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The first step in redeveloping the Nova Scotia fishery is the restructuring and rebuilding of the various Nova Scotia commercial fishing fleets. In this paper, the evolution of the Nova Scotia fishery and fleets is outlined as background for discussion of concerns, issues, and conflicts of the various participants involved in determining the future structureand composition of the Nova Scotia fleet mix. It is concluded that whatsoever the structure and composition of the fleet, there remains the need to protect a critical balance among the various sectors of the Nova Scotia fishery.

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Technology And The Energy Crisis: An Assessment Of The Interrelationship And The Impact, Matilene S. Berryman Jul 1979

Technology And The Energy Crisis: An Assessment Of The Interrelationship And The Impact, Matilene S. Berryman

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper presents an assessment of past and present technological innovations and research related to the present energy crisis-the impact and the interrelationship. In particular, it surveys the development of tidal power plants with particular emphasis on the past and present status of the Passamaquoddy-Cobscook Bay Dam Project. It exam1nes the benefits and environmental effects associated with tidal power development, and explores the causes and effects of the tides. It concludes w1th a brief detail of the feasibility of other renewable sources of energy-and of the impact of technological developments on marine and international affairs.

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Gloucerstermen: Before And After "The Law", William S. Weber May 1979

Gloucerstermen: Before And After "The Law", William S. Weber

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Gloucester has been renowned for its leadership in the fishing industry since colonial days. From the first failure of the Dorchester Company at Stage Fort to the subsequent glories of the schooner fleets, the story has been told in fact, fiction, poetry, and painting. The literature brings to life the beauty of the place, the dangers of the sea,and the character building of those who contested life in the North Atlantic. Most of our recorded material deals with the exploits of Yankees, Portuguese, Scandinavians, and Nova Scotians. Today, and in the immediate past, it is the Italian-American fishermen who dominate …

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"The Global Hope Is Around": An Incident At Salem Sound, K. W. Mathews Apr 1979

"The Global Hope Is Around": An Incident At Salem Sound, K. W. Mathews

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

On February 6, 1978, in the midst of the worst blizzard to hit the Northeast in 100 years, the 682-foot Greek tanker GLOBAL HOPE with more than 340,000 gallons of oil aboard, dragged her anchor and grounded in Salem Sound, Massachusetts, about 15 miles from downtown Boston. An estimated 83,000 gallons of oil escaped the stricken vessel to be deposited on two of the most historic and picturesque coastlines of Massachusetts. Some 2.4 million dollars were expended from the federal pollution fund in cleanup efforts. This paper relates the chronology of events and examines peculiar problems, planning, and response activities …

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An Analysis Of The U.S.-Canadian East Coast Fisheries Resource Agreement, Michael V. Guimond Jan 1979

An Analysis Of The U.S.-Canadian East Coast Fisheries Resource Agreement, Michael V. Guimond

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This analysis of the U.S.-Canadian East Coast Fisheries Resource Agreement was initiated at the request of a group of fishing industry representatives concerned about some of the terms enumerated in this document. The purpose behind this research project was threefold. First, to determine if this Agreement was consistent with the intent of the FCMA. Second, to determine the economic impact of this Treaty upon the New England fishing industry. The third purpose, which is not in the scope of this paper, was to aid in determining what the response of the user groups should be.

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Impact Of The Ussr's 200 Mile Fishery Zone On The Japanese-Soviet Fishery Negotiations, Hiroshi Hara Jan 1979

Impact Of The Ussr's 200 Mile Fishery Zone On The Japanese-Soviet Fishery Negotiations, Hiroshi Hara

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The current negotiations between Japan and the Soviet Union on the amount of catch by Japanese within the Soviet Union's 200-mile zone and by the Soviet Union within the Japanese 200-mile zone are very complex. When the Soviets declared their 200-mile zone, Japan did not agree to Soviet fishing jurisdiction over the 200-mile zone surrounding these islands. In order to secure its traditional interests in fishing within the extensive 200-mile lines, including the disputed islands, Japan had to agree to the Soviet lines with a proviso that territorial questions would be separated from fishing rights. This thesis examines the recent …

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Maritime Unions & U.S. Shipping Policy, Jon Lucas Jan 1979

Maritime Unions & U.S. Shipping Policy, Jon Lucas

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper explores the role played by the U.S. maritime unions in influencing the formation of American shipping policy. The thesis of the paper is that maritime unions have exerted great influence on legislators, through lobbying efforts to foster special-interest legislation which benefits union members at the expense of the taxpayer. The research is based on standard works on shipping and maritime labor relations, Hearings of the House and Senate Merchant Marine committees, and newspaper and magazine articles which trace the progress of various pieces of maritime legislation. Only the activities of the seagoing unions are discussed, and the paper …

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A Proposal For The Establishment Of A Monthly Latin American Fisheries Newspaper, Kenneth Proudfoot Jan 1979

A Proposal For The Establishment Of A Monthly Latin American Fisheries Newspaper, Kenneth Proudfoot

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

At the present time there does not exist any publication or other communication medium, directed specifically to a Latin American readership, that reports thoroughly and accurately on the fisheries and other marine-related developments in Latin America. Problems of language, physical size of the area, financing, personnel, bureaucracy and politics, among others, have always proved to be overwhelming. This study describes the informational needs of the people and organizations concerned with Latin America's fisheries sector, and review current fisheries and marine-related publications in this region. a preliminary economic feasibility analysis for the creation and publication of a new monthly Latin American …

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Management Of Antarctic Krill, Paul Setliff Jan 1979

Management Of Antarctic Krill, Paul Setliff

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study pertains to the problem of international activity in an area of political and ecological sensitivity, the Southern Ocean. Of specific concern is the question of which group of states should have a voice in management of Antarctic krill. The niche filled by krill within the ecosystem and its potential as a fishery is discussed. Past international practice has been affected for the most part by the Antarctic Treaty of 1959 which has maintained a somewhat exclusive "club" of nations as the overseers of Antarctic activity. However, states not party to the 1959 Treaty are becoming interested in the …

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State Government And Ocs Policy: An Analysis Of The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act And The Amendments Of 1978, Bruce Vild Jan 1979

State Government And Ocs Policy: An Analysis Of The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act And The Amendments Of 1978, Bruce Vild

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

An Energy Research and Development Administration report indicates that the United States is increasing its dependence on oil from the countries that participated in the 1973 oil embargo. Given the volatile situation in the Middle East at this writing, the Carter Administration's peace initiatives notwithstanding, this seems an imprudent policy. And, at a time when "Project Independence" is a recent memory, there is a great deal of irony in increased importation. It seems in the Nation's best interest to reverse that trend. Natural gas is also in demand, of course, especially in the Northeast during the winter. The best solution …

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A Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Proposed St. Thomas-St. John Sand Mining Project, Random Dubois Jan 1979

A Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Proposed St. Thomas-St. John Sand Mining Project, Random Dubois

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

A territorial ban on beach and sand removal in the U. S. Virgin Islands has resulted in a search for alternative sources. Insecure extra-territorial reserves and high shipping costs have made sand importation prohibitive. Recent surveys conducted in 1977 by the U. S. Geological Survey identified several nearshore sources of aggregate adjacent to the island of St. Thomas. In a 1978 workshop jointly conducted by the Government of the Virgin Islands and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration various alternatives were presented for sand extraction. Two alternatives are examined using a cost benefit approach.

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Non-Professional Scuba Training Fatalities In The United States (1970-1976), Peter Redmayne Dec 1978

Non-Professional Scuba Training Fatalities In The United States (1970-1976), Peter Redmayne

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

From 1970 to 1976 ninety seven fatalities occurred during scuba diving training courses taught by nationally recognized scuba certification agencies. Data from these fatalities was gathered and analyzed at the University of Rhode Island's National Underwater Accident Data Center (NUADC) from September 1977 to June 1978. After analysis of each case and compilation of data for the statistical tables, an effort was made to look for specific trends that occurred over the course of the period investigated. In the course of analysis it became evident that a high percentage of training facilities occurred to students who were diving in less …

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Dredge Spoil Disposal With Particular Reference To Management Practices In Southern New England, Lynne A. Melville Jun 1978

Dredge Spoil Disposal With Particular Reference To Management Practices In Southern New England, Lynne A. Melville

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One-half million acres of U.S. coastal wetlands have been destroyed by dredging and filling operations since 1956. They are being destroyed at the rate of 0.5-1.0% each year. In one ten year period, Rhode Island lost 5% of its 2000 acres of wetlands to urban development, and Connecticut lost 12% of its marsh lands. Less than 1500 acres of marsh remain in Connecticut. During the course of this research project, I examined one aspect of wetland destruction - the dredging and disposal of spoil materials onto wetlands and into the coastal waters of Southern New England. What follows is a …

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Present Trends In The Development Of Marine Fisheries By Coastal States Of The East Central Atlantic, Ethman T. A. Golley-Morgan May 1978

Present Trends In The Development Of Marine Fisheries By Coastal States Of The East Central Atlantic, Ethman T. A. Golley-Morgan

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In order to create an incentive for a rapid development of the rural-based artisanal fisheries of coastal states, that can actively compete with large scale industrial fisheries of non-coastal states as well as coastal states of the region, some states are now moving towards an integrated approach in their development efforts. Such integrated projects will take into consideration rural development, provision of infrastructural facilities for fish handling and processing, vessel servicing, repairs and boat building. Socio-economic factors such as organization of fishermen's cooperatives, financing and marketing institutions are also vital inputs.

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An Input-Output Analysis Of The Soviet Fleet In Icnaf Areas 5 And 6, 1961-1973, F. Robert Bauer May 1978

An Input-Output Analysis Of The Soviet Fleet In Icnaf Areas 5 And 6, 1961-1973, F. Robert Bauer

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One of the goals of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 was the rebuilding of the American fishing industry. However, the Act does not give the U.S.fisherman exclusive rights to the fishery resource. The American fisherman will still be competing with the foreign fleets. Section 204 (b) (1) of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976. states: Each foreign nation with which the United States has entered into a governing international agreement shall submit an application to the Secretary of State each year for a permit for each of its fishing vessels to engage in fishing described …

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Meeting The United States Requirement For A Merchant Marine, John F. Drake Apr 1978

Meeting The United States Requirement For A Merchant Marine, John F. Drake

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper will derive the United States' need for a merchant fleet from the facts available, and will express these needs in terms which can be used to form reasonable goals. The history of the U.S. Merchant Marine will then be examined to learn how it arrived at its present status. Successes and failures of industry practices and government support programs will be highlighted, and an examination will be made of the degree to which the needs of the United States can be met with today's U.S. merchant fleet.

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Science In The Sea-Can The Scientists Endure 200 Mile Jurisdiction?: A Case Study Of The R/V Trident 1973-1975, Barbara Ray Apr 1978

Science In The Sea-Can The Scientists Endure 200 Mile Jurisdiction?: A Case Study Of The R/V Trident 1973-1975, Barbara Ray

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Before the 1958 Continental Shelf Convention scientists were free to do their research anywhere in the oceans except within a narrow band of territorial waters. Since that time national jurisdiction has closed off increasing amounts of the sea. Most coastal areas and continental shelf areas now require coastal state consent prior to commencing work. Possible reasons for this closure include 1) fear of natural resource exploitation, 2) fear of military exploitation, or 3) growing feelings of nationalism among the developing countries. This paper is divided into two parts. The first deals at length with the development of the issue of …

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Optimum Yield And The Fcma: A Case For Economic Discrimination, Herrick J. Johnson Jan 1978

Optimum Yield And The Fcma: A Case For Economic Discrimination, Herrick J. Johnson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Marine Affairs thesis from the University of Rhode Island.

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Concrete Ships, Mark L. Lavache Jan 1978

Concrete Ships, Mark L. Lavache

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The incentive behind this study is based on a two-fold premise: 1) that a comprehensive outline of the historical development of concrete shipbuilding and its related technologies is either non-existent or defies discovery, and 2) that although this study is neither based on a hypothesis, nor intended to resolve a problem area or promote a position, its merit lies in its inductive nature. Included are explanations of of the various compositions, uses, and construction techniques relating to reinforced concrete, ferro-cement, and prestressed concrete.

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Interagency Conflict And Its Effect On Intermodal Shipping, Gerald Seifert Jan 1978

Interagency Conflict And Its Effect On Intermodal Shipping, Gerald Seifert

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The movement of goods by more than one mode of transportation in a single container has been viewed by some in the marine component of the transportation industry as a transformation a important as the coming of steam. Concerns with intermodalism and the difficulties faced in addressing the needs presented by the technologically enhanced maritime transportation industry do not start with the invention of the first multi-package container capable of being moved by several modes of transportation without need to repack; they start with an exploration of the perceived need to regulate the several components of the transportation industry, the …

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A Proposal For A World Ocean Management Authority: As An Alternative Ocean Regime To Meet The Challenge Of The Management And Utilization Of Collective Ocean Activities, Simon W. Tache Jan 1978

A Proposal For A World Ocean Management Authority: As An Alternative Ocean Regime To Meet The Challenge Of The Management And Utilization Of Collective Ocean Activities, Simon W. Tache

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The oceans may be an alternative source of resource supply offering the opportunity for extensive practical uses. A number of ocean systems have been instituted to manage the exploitation of ocean resources including the practice of states to negotiate and enter into bilateral and multilateral agreements on a variety of ocean activities; but the complexities as well as the tendency of some of these ocean uses to generate extraterritorial effects, accentuate the need for a global response to alleviate these problems. Isolated individual national regulations and standards lack international uniformity to ensure adequate and rational utilization of the oceans and …

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A National Approach For Marine Scientific Research In Exclusive Economic Zones, Thomas H. Brillat Jan 1978

A National Approach For Marine Scientific Research In Exclusive Economic Zones, Thomas H. Brillat

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

After years of constant negotiations at the Third United Nations Conference of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), no new codified law for the seas has been produced. It appears certain, though, that countries throughout the world will exercise some form of sovereignty or national jurisdiction over an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending 188 miles into the ocean beyond a twelve mile territorial sea. Included in this jurisdiction will be the control of marine scientific research (MSR). A need has arisen to establish a uniform procedure for the conduct of MSR to the mutual advantages of the coastal state, …

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State Effort In Controlling Oil Spills, Victor Alan Bell May 1977

State Effort In Controlling Oil Spills, Victor Alan Bell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In light of the growing demand for imported oil, the accelerated offshore development program and the recent series of tanker incidents, many states have enacted, or plan to enact, legislation to protect their coastal lands and waters from oil pollution. The purpose of this paper is to outline present state legislation that deals with controlling oil pollution, and stating how this legislation would coexist with existing and proposed federal legislation and the International Conventions. The results of this study point to areas where state legislation would be useful and where overlapping or unnecessary legislation does exist.

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The Intergovernmental Balancing Act: State-Federal Interests In Coastal Zone Management, Timothy M. Alexander Apr 1977

The Intergovernmental Balancing Act: State-Federal Interests In Coastal Zone Management, Timothy M. Alexander

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The central notion of intergovernmental and inter-interest balancing suggested by the title of this paper reflects a distinctly American theme derived from our pluralistic, competing, compromissory and somewhat optimistic governmental values and experience. The Coastal Zone Management Act (hereafter CZMA or the Act) and the success of its implementation rests firmly on this balancing premise. The CZMA's assumptions, processes and implicit or stated objectives involve reliance on a governmental system that achieves effective and equitable intergovernmental balance.Yet, as I think this investigation will show, there are no ready-made answers as to how balance is to be achieved through the Act--let …

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West Africa (East Central Atlantic) As A Regional Base For Fisheries Management, Conservation And Research: And Pollution Control, Vincent F. Adebolu Apr 1977

West Africa (East Central Atlantic) As A Regional Base For Fisheries Management, Conservation And Research: And Pollution Control, Vincent F. Adebolu

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

About two decades ago when the First Law of the Sea Conference was underway, little attention was paid to ocean management. By then all of the ocean space apart from narrow bands of coastal waters was broadly recognized as the High Seas which is open to use by all countries. But despite this concept of free open use, only the major maritime powers were actually interested in maximizing the freedom of the seas principle. During this period there were only ninety independent coastal and landlocked states.

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