Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons^™

The Effects Of Sewage Pollution Abatement On Phytoplankton Productivity And Standing Crop In Hillsborough Bay, Florida, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers

Reports

In September 1976, the City of Tampa initiated a comprehensive monitoring study of the ecology of the phytoplankton community of Hillsborough Bay. Numerous studies elsewhere have shown that phytoplankton are well suited as monitors of trophic state due to their rapid response to changing environmental conditions (Hohn, 1959; Williams, 1964; Margalef, 1968; Welch, 1968; Dunstan, 1975; Taslakain and Hardy, 1976). The present study is designed to relate changes in the phytoplankton community of Hillsborough Bay with the reduced nutrient load entering the Bay from the AWT facility.

Interference Suppression In Ho Fluorescence Detection, Thomas M. Hard, Robert J. O'Brien, T. B. Cook, G. A. Tsongas

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this Letter we report preliminary results on a sampling method that greatly reduces the above interferences relative to hydroxyl fluorescence.

An Investigation Of Surface Albedo Variations During The Recent Sahel Drought, Carl C. Norton, Frederick R. Mosher, Barry Hinton

Publications

Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) 3 green sensor data are used to measure surface reflectance variations in the Sahara/Sahel during the recent drought period 1967–74. The magnitude of the seasonal reflectance change is shown to be as much as 80% for years of normal precipitation and less than 50% for drought years. Year-to-year comparisons during both wet and dry seasons reveal the existence of a surface reflectance cycle coincident with the drought intensity. The relationship between the green reflectance and solar albedo is examined and estimated to be about 0.6 times the reflectance change observed by the green channel.

Technology And The Energy Crisis: An Assessment Of The Interrelationship And The Impact, Matilene S. Berryman

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper presents an assessment of past and present technological innovations and research related to the present energy crisis-the impact and the interrelationship. In particular, it surveys the development of tidal power plants with particular emphasis on the past and present status of the Passamaquoddy-Cobscook Bay Dam Project. It exam1nes the benefits and environmental effects associated with tidal power development, and explores the causes and effects of the tides. It concludes w1th a brief detail of the feasibility of other renewable sources of energy-and of the impact of technological developments on marine and international affairs.

Bulletin 3992 - Nitrogenous Fertilisers For Cereal Production, M. G. Mason

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Because fertiliser prices continue to rise, it is becoming increasingly important to understand what affects the response to fertilisers by crops.

Among the many factors influencing crop response to nitrogen applications, the most important are the season, soil type, paddock history, time of application and source of nitrogen. Before deciding whether to use nitrogen on a cereal crop, which source to use and at what rate, the farmer needs some understanding of how these factors work.

Changing Fields: Agricultural Land Use Changes In Nebraska 1925-1974, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

The series of graphs and maps which follow illustrate agricultural land use changes in Nebraska from 1925 to 1974. With these graphs and maps, the major agronomic crops of corn (dryland and irrigated), wheat, sorghum and soybeans are analyzed. The purpose of this analysis is to provide a pictorial history of Nebraska's ever-changing cropping system and, hopefully, to stimulate ideas and discussion with regard to trends and future directions. The Nebraska Water Resources Center is deeply interested in both the past and the future of Nebraska's agriculture because of the demands which agriculture places on the state's water resources. An …

Lake Mead And Lake Powell Salinity Reports, Cathy Lee, Steve Gazafy

Publications (WR)

The enclosed reports were compiled for the Colorado River Water Quality Office based on salinity data for Lake Mead and Lake Powell. According to the regional director of the office, the reports are not considered "polished" documents for public distribution. However, he considers them to be "interesting, rough appraisals of general trends that may be very important In our understanding the hydro-salinity system in the Colorado River."

Turbulence Spectra Above A Vegetated Surface Under Conditions Of Sensible Heat Advection, Raymond P. Motha, Shashi B. Verma, Norman J. Rosenberg

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Spectra of vertical and horizontal velocity, air temperature and humidity fluctuations were analyzed from measurements made over a well-watered alfalfa crop under conditions of sensible heat advection. Vertical velocity and air temperature spectra as well as cospectra of momentum, sensible heat and water vapor were found to be dependent on atmospheric thermal stratification. These spectra and cospectra were shifted toward higher frequencies under advective as compared to lapse conditions. These results indicate that the predominant eddy sizes are relatively smaller under advective conditions. Humidity spectra, on the other hand, were independent of daytime thermal stratification conditions but were influenced by …

The Causes Of Saltland : A Case Study At Esperance, P R. George, S. C. Bull

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A series of bores on the Esperance Downs Research Station has demonstrated that the groundwater levels change after clearing, and the relatiojnnship between groundwater levels and soil salinity has been emphasised. This pattern of hydrological change leading to soil salinity problems applies widely in the wheatbelt.

Erosion Risks With High Stocking Rates At Kojonup Trial, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A pasture grazing trial at Kojonup dramatically illustrated the effects of Cyclone Alby. Severe erosion was evident on the heavily stocked plots while the more lightly stocked plots showed little damage.

Contour Cultivation : Cheap Erosion Control, T R. Negus, B. Barrett

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Although the benefits of contour cultivation are well recognised, it makes cultivation more difficult, particularly if the paddock is split by contour banks and grassed waterways. However, a comparison east of Pingelly indicates that contour cultivation is little more expensive or time-consuming than ordinary cultivation.

Potential Use Of Hydroelectric Facilities For Manipulating The Fertility Of Lake Mead, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, James E. Deacon

Publications (WR)

Analysis of historical nutrient data for Lake Mead indicates that the fertility of the reservoir has decreased which may be the cause for a corresponding decline in the largemouth bass population. However, it appears that fertility can be manipulated by altering the operation of the dam. The depletion of nutrients in the euphotic zone by phytoplankton and subsequent accumulation in the hypolimnion during summer and fall provide a natural nutrient gradient from which water of varying fertility can be drawn for discharge. This combined with alterations in the depth or seasonal pattern of discharge can possibly be used to enhance …

Use Of Fishes And Macroinvertebrates In The Assessment Of Water Quality In An Illinois Stream Receiving Sewage Effluents, Robert George Mosher

Masters Theses

Kickapoo Creek is a medium sized, warm water stream located in the central part of Coles County, Illinois. The creek is the receiving stream for the sewage effluent of the cities of Mattoon and Charleston which recently began treating sewage to the tertiary level. In 1967-70, the fish population of the creek was intensively surveyed at a time when a less advanced method of sewage treatment was employed. This study provided a baseline of information from which a portion of the present study is founded.

Fish were collected from 5 sampling stations utilizing capture techniques comparable with those used in …

Analysis Of Lead In Freshwater Clams From The Embarrass River, Coles County, Illinois, Kwaku D. Nantwi

Masters Theses

Twenty-two freshwater clams of various genera were collected by hand from two sites on the Embarrass River located at 240 meters and 400 meters downstream from the dam at Lake Charleston and at depths of .4 and 2.5 meters. Ten grams of gill tissue from each clam was prepared by furnace ashing, dissolved in 30 ml. of acid mixture and analyzed for lead content using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The average lead concentration for the clams was 3.60 ppm, while that of the ambient water was 0.33 ppm indicating that these local bivalves show a lead biocentration of about ten …

Computer Simulation Of Nutrients In Tampa Bay, Florida, Bernard E. Ross, Paula D. Jerkins

Reports

During the past ten years or so the pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida has been studied extensively. Legally, pollution is defined with respect to water use classifications. For each water use classification, adequate water quality standards are imposed by law to insure safety to "man, fish and wildlife and to insure that nuisances will not occur. A body of water is polluted only when it does not meet the standards set for the water use classification applied to it.

"Toxic Chemicals In The Environment", William E. Cooper

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

Presented and recorded with Arbib, M. A., "Environmental Simulation and Long-Term Planning."

Design Of A Reliable, Inexpensive Recording Rain Gage Which Utilizes Solid-State Memory, Stephen A. Dyer

KWRRI Research Reports

Researchers working in the general area of water resources frequently have need for precipitation data. Unfortunately, the cost of commercially available recording rain gages is often greater than $1,000 per unit. This report describes a microprocessor-controlled remote recording rain gage which is capable of unattended operation for periods of greater than a month that costs less than $400 in single quantities. The laboratory prototype uses a tipping bucket to collect precipitation in 0.01-inch increments. The time of the bucket tip is stored, using an offset binary format, in solid-state memory. A complete description of the gage hardware is presented along …

Extreme Evapotranspiration By Irrigated Alfalfa: A Consequence Of The 1976 Midwestern Drought, Norman J. Rosenberg, Shashi B. Verma

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

The rate of evapotranspiration by irrigated alfalfa at Mead, NE (41°09'Nj 96°30'W, elevation 354 m) reached record levels in 1976. Evapotranspiration was measured with precision weighing lysimeters in a field 1.9 ha in size. Evapotranspiration ranged during the growing season from 4.75 to 14.22 mm day^-l and exceeded 10 mm day^-I on one-third of the days studied. On each day of study the ratio of latent heat flux density (LE) to the sum of the net radiation and soil heat flux densities (Rn+S) was such that LE/ (Rn+S) > 1, indicating the occurrence of significant …

Fisheries Report No 35 - Fish And Exploited Crustaceans Of The Swan-Canning Estuary, R C.J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Reports

Fishes of the Swan-Canning estuarine system are typical of those found in other lower west coast estuarine systems of Western Australia. Species representing three families of elasmobranchs, several of which are commercially important, twenty families of teleosts, and two families of crustaceans (Table 1) commonly occur in this estuarine system. The many other species which occur less commonly in the Swan- Canning estuary are mostly members of the additional families listed in Table l.

The information contained in this document was made available for use by the authors of the following two publications : -

Forbes and Fitzkardinge (1977) Swan …

Fisheries Report No 36 - Utilization Of The Bunbury And Geographe Bay Marine Resource By Professional And Amateur Fishermen, Michael H. Walker

Fisheries Research Reports

Utilization of the Bunbury and Geographe Bay marine resource by professional and amateur fishermen was investigated by personal interview, distribution and analysis of research log sheets, and examination of commercial statistics for the area, published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Total professional production for the years 1966/67 - 1974/75 for Geographe Bay varied between 225517 and 1218049 Kg (mean 497175) with a mean annual value to fishermen of $427708. Production for the Bunbury marine area varied between 157666 and 333810 Kg (mean 226526) with a mean value to fishermen of $311008. For the 1975/76 season the total production was …

Landform, Natural Drainage And Salinity, Eric Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

An understanding of salt movement in streams and groundwater may lead to better methods of control and prevention of salinity.

Soil Salinity In Western Australia : A Summary, T C. Stoneman

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Soil salinity problems have long been recognised in Western Australia. The earliest published explanation in 1924 suggested that removing native vegetation increased stream salinity, and this basic cause has been confirmed by many studies since.

Environmental Quality 1977 - Hillsborough County Florida, A. J. Shaw, R. G. Wilkins, Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission

Reports

Air pollutant sampling was conducted at 87 locations in Hillsborough County during 1977. Location of sampling stations and pollutants sampled are shown on Maps and Tables at end of this Air Section. About 72,000 Air Samples are summarized and detailed in this report.

1901 river, stream, and sewage treatment plant samples were analyzed during 1977 for up to 49 different types of water pollution resulting in 25,421 individual water quality measurements. About one-half of these water quality measurements were generated from Bay or River samples collected at the regular networks. About one-fourth were collected by the sewage treatment plant monitoring …

Water Movement Through Soil, R A. Nulsen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Even a good quality stock water moving to the surface can cause a salinity problem in only a few years.

The Dryland Salinity Problem In North America, P R. George

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

North america also has a dryland salinity problem although the source is different.

Fish Of Lake Mead And Lake Mohave, Robert C. Allan, Dennis L. Roden

Publications (WR)

This publication offers an in-depth study of the fish and other organisms that live in Lakes Mead and Mohave. The history and background of the two lakes is offered, as well as information about diseases, parasites, and unusual fish occurrences. Food sources, predation and competition are also discussed.

The Effects Of Sulphur Dioxide On Selected Hepatics, Steven L. Gatchel

Masters Theses

Extensive studies have been reported on the air pollutant sulphur dioxide (SO₂), and its effects on vascular and nonvascular plants. It has been shown to interrupt normal physiology, metabolism, reproduction, and alter the plant’s morphology.

Of the cryptogams, lichens have been extensively used as biological indicators of air pollution. More recently, bryophytes have been shown to be as sensitive to contaminates as lichens, and may exhibit responses to the pollutant similar to those of vascular and nonvascular plants. The threshold sensitivity of these cryptogams is about 0.5 ppm over a 12 hour period. However no study to date …

Primary Productivity In Hillsborough Bay, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers

Reports

This study was designed to be a long term ecological study. Effects of nutrient removal through time on productivity is expected to be shown.

As the treatment progresses from primary to secondary, to nitrification, to denitrification, we expect to be able to document corresponding drops in productivity levels.

Final Report Anclote Commercial Plankton Monitoring Program, E. P. Wilkens, W. R. Weiss, J. D. Horne

Reports

Commercial plankton were monitored in the vicinity of Florida Power Corporation's Ancolote power plant from January through December, 1976 in order to assess the entrainment potential for ichthyoplankton and planktonic stages of commercially important invertebrates and to estimate the annual standing crop of these organisms.

The purpose of this report is to present commercial plankton data collected at anclote from January through December of 1976. Additional data gathered by Florida Power Corporation and the University of South Florida during 1975 is also discussed. Entrainment loss estimates for commercial plankton have been calculated and are discussed in terms of their possible …

Final Environmental Statement, Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage, U.S. Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

The Southern Nevada Water Project, a water supply system for the Las Vegas area, was authorized by the Acts of October 22, 1965, and July 19, 1966 (Public Laws 89-292 and 89-510). These acts authorized staged development. The first stage, completed in 1971, consists of intake facilities at Lake Mead, eight pumping plants, a main aqueduct 2-1/2-miles long, a 4-mile-long tunnel, and 30 miles of pipelines and laterals. The State of Nevada constructed the Alfred Merritt Smith Water Treatment Facility in conjunction with the first stage. The first stage system has the capacity to deliver 132,200 acre-feet per year.

The …