Geology Commons^™

Beach Profile Evolution Under Plunging And Spilling Breakers, Ping Wang, Bruce A. Ebersole, Ernest R. Smith

Geology Faculty Publications

Beach-profile evolution, along with measurements of waves, currents, and sediment concentration, under spilling and plunging breakers of similar height were studied in the three-dimensional Large-Scale Sediment Transport Facility at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. Unidirectional irregular waves were generated over a fine-sand beach. Beach-profile shape reached equilibrium after 1,330 and 280 min of spilling and plunging wave actions, respectively. Near the main breaker line, the profile evolved differently under plunging and spilling breakers. Across most of the midsurf zone dominated by surf bores, the equilibrium profile shapes were similar. Uniform energy dissipation per unit volume at equilibrium, …

Evaluation Of The Cerc Formula Using Large-Scale Laboratory Data, Ernest R. Smith, Ping Wang, Jun Zhang

Geology Faculty Publications

Longshore transport experiments were conducted in a large-scale physical model to evaluate predictions of the CERC formula with measured longshore sediment transport rates. It was found that the CERC formula produced reasonable estimates if the coefficient K was calibrated and applied to waves with similar breaker type. The calibrated K values are much smaller than values that are commonly used, and there appears to be a strong dependency of transport rate on breaker type. Additional comparisons were made with the formula proposed by Kamphuis (1991). The Kamphuis equation, which includes wave period, a factor that influences breaking, gave good estimates. …

Mining Geology Of The Fire Clay Coal, Stephen F. Greb

Map and Chart--KGS

The Fire Clay (Hazard No. 4) coal is one of the leading producers in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, with more than 20 million short tons of annual production and 230 million short tons mined between 1976 and 1992, according to Kentucky Department of Mines and Minerals data. Regional thickness and resources of the coal are calculated in Greb and others (1999c) and Thacker and others (2000a, b).

Stratigraphically, the coal occurs in the middle part of the Hyden Formation of the Breathitt Group (Fig. 1), which was previously part of the Breathitt Formation (Chesnut, 1992). The coal occurs between …

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Paducah 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Huntington 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Methods And Models For Estimating Advective Pore Water Exchange In Tidal Flats, Timothy J. Shaw

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hydrologic Properties And Structure Of The Mozumi Fault, Central Japan, Craig B. Forster, James P. Evans, Hidemi Tanaka, Ronald Jeffreys, Tsuyoshi Nohara

Geosciences Faculty Publications

Analyses of rocks from the Active Fault Survey Tunnel (AFST) provides insight into the structure and hydrogeology of the northeast-trending Mozumi-Sukenobu fault, an active strike-slip fault with 125 to 500 m of right-lateral slip in central Japan. Interlayered regions of sub-vertical permeability zones formed by cataclasis and slip on clay-rich foliated zones. Core samples range from 10⁻¹⁹ m² to almost 10⁻¹³ m². CFC analyses of waters from the fault zone show that water entering the tunnel is 27–36 years old, yielding a bulk fault permeability of 10⁻¹⁴ to 10⁻¹⁵ m². The …

Development Of A Regional Curve To Relate Discharge And Drainage Area To Hydraulic Geometry For The Red River Of The North Basin, Melanie H. Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

Restoration of riparian corridors and stream channels is important for many reasons, including preserving water quality, maintaining channel stability and controlling floods. Regional hydraulic geometry curves allow estimation of stable hydraulic geometry relationships that are necessary to engineer successful restoration projects. These curves can also be used to approximate discharge data for ungaged streams with lmown hydraulic geometry and drainage area. Hydraulic geometry data were collected in the field for twenty-five stream gage sites in the Red River of the North Basin. Recurrence intervals for bankfull ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 years, with an average recurrence interval of 1.4. Discharge …

Assessing The Paleoclimatic Utility Of The Indo-Pacific Coral Genus Diploastrea In A 225-Year Oxygen Isotope Record From Fiji, Stefan Bagnato

Geology Theses and Dissertations

In the Western Pacific there remains, both spatially and temporally, a sparse record of surface ocean conditions and very few long paleoclimate records able to extend our understanding of this important region. The coral genus Porites is the common coral currently used for Pacific paleoclimate studies and has proven to be very useful. The massive coral Diploastrea, due to its slow growth rate and dense structure, may preserve temporally longer geochemical proxy records than Porites colonies of the same length. Its long lifespan and fossil history give this genus great potential; however no assessment has been made of the paleoclimatic …

Late-Holocene Climate And Ecosystem History From Chesapeake Bay Sediment Cores, Usa, Debra A. Willard, Thomas M. Cronin, Stacey Verardo

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Palaeoclimate records from late-Holocene sediments in Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the USA, provide evidence that both decadal to centennial climate variability and European colonization had severe impacts on the watershed and estuary. Using pollen and dinoflagellate cysts as proxies for mid-Atlantic regional precipitation, estuarine salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) during the last 2300 years, we identified four dry intervals, centred on ad 50 (P1/D1), ad 1000 (P2/D2), ad 1400 (P3) and ad 1600 (P4). Two centennial-scale events, P1/D1 and P2/D2, altered forest composition and led to increased salinity and DO levels in the estuary. Intervals P3 and P4 …

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Berea 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Daniel I. Carey, Martin C. Noger, Paul Howell

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. Site-specific investigations should be made by a professional geologist.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Morehead 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Williamson 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Elizabethtown 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Scott County, Kentucky, Daniel I. Carey, Martin C. Noger

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supersede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Edmonson County, Kentucky, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site to site basis. At any site, it is important to understand both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Jessamine County, Kentucky, Daniel I. Carey, Martin C. Noger, Paul Howell

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site to site basis. At any site, it is important to understand both the soils, and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Woodford County, Kentucky, Daniel I. Carey, Martin C. Noger, Paul Howell

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site to site basis. At any site, it is important to understand both the soils, and the underlying rock.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Pikeville 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Tompkinsville 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Murray 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Hopkinsville 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Madisonville 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Geologic Maps And Geologic Issues In Kentucky: A Citizen's Guide, Carol Ruthven, John D. Kiefer, Stephen F. Greb, William M. Andrews Jr.

Special Publication--KGS

Citizens in all walks of life benefit from the information on geologic maps. Geologic maps are used to:

• Identify areas prone to natural hazards, such as landslides, erosion, sinkholes, and flooding
• Select locations that are suitable for tunnels, bridges, dams, and quarries
• Identify suitable sites for safe construction of homes and commercial buildings
• Select safe places for building septic systems and landfills to minimize the risk of polluting soils and groundwater
• Help farmers, landowners, and government officials locate groundwater resources and protect water quality
• Help citizens understand geologic features (such as faults, mineral deposits, and impact structures) in the landscape …

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Butler County, Kentucky, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site to site basis.

Water Well And Spring Map Of The Tell City 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Bart Davidson

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Mapped Karst Groundwater Basins In The Harrodsburg 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, James C. Currens, Randall L. Paylor, Joseph A. Ray

Map and Chart--KGS

This map shows karst groundwater basins in the Harrodsburg quadrangle, determined primarily by groundwater tracer studies. It can be used to quickly identify the groundwater basins and springs to which a site may drain. Major springs and the relative size of their basin or catchment areas can be evaluated for potential as water supplies. The map also serves as a geographic index to literature on karst groundwater in the area.

Tree-Mould Caves In Slovakia, Ludovít Gaál

International Journal of Speleology

Four tube-shaped caves are described in this work, which origined in consequence of weathering the trees. Their length ranges from 5.8 to 17 m. All of them occur in neovolcanic rocks of Middle Slovakia, in epiclastic andesite conglomerates, breccias or in the tuffs. Some other caverns are close to the entrance of this caves, however they are inaccessible for a man. Thin rim of silicates (opal or chalcedony) occurs in some of them.

Minerogenesis Of Volcanic Caves Of Kenya, Paolo Forti, Ermanno Galli, Antonio Rossi

International Journal of Speleology

Kenya is one of the few countries in which karst cavities are scarce with respect to volcanic ones, which are widespread throughout the whole country. The great variability in lava composition allowed the evolution of very different cavities, some of which are amongst the largest lava tubes of the world. As normal for such a kind of cave, the hosted speleothems and cave minerals are scarce but important from the minerogenetic point of view. Anyway up to present no specific mineralogical research have been carried out therein. During the 8th International Symposium on Volcanospeleology, held in Nairobi in February 1998, …

Littoral Dripstone And Flowstone--Non-Spelean Carbonate Secondary Deposits, Danko Taborosi, Kevin Stafford

International Journal of Speleology

Speleothem-like dripstone and flowstone deposits can form in the non-spelean environments of marine notches on tropical carbonate coastlines. Hereby termed “littoral dripstone” and “littoral flowstone” to distinguish them from genuine cave deposits, they reflect the basic speleothem types: draperies, stalactites, stalagmites, and columns. Nevertheless, these formations lack the luster and crystallinity of cave analogues, and are not nearly as well-developed, dense, and massive. They are composed of layered microcrystalline aragonite and calcite, are generally highly porous, and invariably overlie dissolutional and bioerosional karren. Because true speleothems, often found in the remnants of solution voids breached by coastal erosion, are also …