Geology Commons^™

Application Of Remote Sensing And Spectroradiometry In Geological Mapping: A Case Study Of Handeni (Qds 148) Block, Eastern Mozambique Belt, Tanzania, Masota M. Magigita, Elisante Mshiu, Cassy Mtelela

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study applies remote sensing (RS) as a geologic mapping aid tool , using Handeni Block of Tanzania as a case study. To achieve the objective of this study, we have utilized various RS processing and image enhancement techniques on multispectral data, including ASTER, Landsat 5, Landsat 8, and Sentinel 2A. The method proved successful whereby both Landsat-5-data with band combination (BC) 7:4:2 and 7:5:4 and band ratio (BR) 5/3:5/1:7/5 and Landsat-8 data with BCs 5:6:7 and 7:6:4 mapped out marble units. Sentinel 2A data (with BC 8:11:3, BRs 12/2:11/2:8/11; 12/4:11/3:11/2 and 12/4:12/2:11/3) together with image enhancement decorrelation stretch on …

Modelling Spatial Distributions Of Sediments Fingerprinting In The Ruvu Basin Of Tanzania Without Continuous Sediment Monitoring, Charles H. Kasanzu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study investigates various hinterlands’ contribution of sediments into the sub-basin known as Ruvu that comprises Mindu, Kibungo, Mvuha and Mindu catchments of Morogoro, Eastern Tanzania. An integrated geochemical and isotopic data were used to constrain this. Strategic sampling of basement and silty-sized sediments was conducted and the data were modelled using mass-balance computations. This approach revealed that, more than 70% of suspended sediments in the Mgeta River originate from Kigalamila, Sezima, Kingule, Mafumbo and Kibuko areas. Thus, hills north of Kisaki are major contributors of sediments with less contribution from the southern terrain. After modelling of the data from …

Joint Map Of Hardin County, Kentucky, Steven L. Martin, Emily Morris

Map and Chart--KGS

New field mapping of joints with previously published joint and fault locations. This fracture map can be used as a critical data source for hydrological, karst or geotechnical applications. Joint orientations were measured in 2009, 2022 and 2023, and are combined with joint and fault locations for Hardin County, Kentucky from 1:24,000-scale USGS geologic quadrangle maps that were published from 1962 to 1977. The geologic quadrangle maps for the county were digitized from 2002 to 2007.

The geology of Hardin County consists of Upper Devonian New Albany Shale overlain by Lower to Upper Mississippian-age sequences of limestone, dolomite, sandstone and …

Geodatabase And Modeling Code Used For Dynamic Landslide Hazard Maps In Eastern Kentucky, Nathaniel O'Leary, L. Sebastian Bryson

Earth and Environmental Sciences Research Data

We developed spatiotemporal landslide hazard maps (LHMs) using soil, hydrologic, and geomorphic parameters from the subaerial infinite slope factor of safety (FS) equation under unsaturated conditions. Soil properties were extracted from the NRCS WSS, while geomorphic variables were derived from a 1.5 m LiDAR-based DEM and ArcGIS Online. Soil moisture from Hydrus-1D, driven by precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) data from Irrigation Manager, introduced temporal variability. Validation against known landslide sites showed spatial and temporal FS accuracy despite some false positives. We also developed a landslide susceptibility maps (LSM) after comparing three machine learning algorithms, with bagged trees achieving the highest …

Thermal History Of Rocks Along The Totschunda And Denali Faults With Implications For Exhumation, Fault Reactivation, And Fault System Evolution., Jacob Leo Rosenthal

Dissertations - ALL

The main body of this research has focused on the tectonic evolution of the Totschunda fault and its relationship with the Denali fault in central Alaska. This dissertation is divided into three chapters that investigate questions surrounding the evolution of intersecting faults, reactivation of lithospheric structures, and the exhumation of crust surrounding these structures with an initial overview chapter that sets the context for the studied problems followed by a conclusions chapter that provides a summary of conclusions from this work. In the second chapter I document fault rejuvenation through thermal history modelling of multiple bedrock and detrital cobble samples …

Implications And Hydrographs For Two Pre-Bonneville Pluvial Lakes And Double Geosols From 14 Osl-Irsl Ages In Cache Valley, Ne Bonneville Basin, Robert Q. Oaks Jr., Susanne Jänecke, Tammy Rittenour, Thad Erickson, Michelle Nelson

Geosciences Faculty Publications

In the northeastern Great Basin, USA, thirteen new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages and one infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) age show that two deep pluvial lakes preceded the Bonneville lake cycle in Cache Valley during marine oxygen-isotope stages (MIS) 6 (213-191 ka) and 4 (56-71 ka), respectively. Our new data define quantitative hydrographs of the Little Valley and Cutler Dam lake cycles in both Cache Valley and the main Bonneville basin. In western Cache Valley, excavation of a faulted, east-plunging spit has sequentially exposed these deposits and overlying MIS 3 Fielding humid-over-arid double geosols that end westward at a strand …

Cambrian Trilobites From The Nounan Dolomite And Lower St. Charles Formation (Upper Marjuman To Lower Sunwaptan; Miaolingian To Furongian Series), Smithfield Canyon, Northern Utah, Frederick A. Sundberg, Hannah R. Cothren, Carol M. Dehler

Geosciences Faculty Publications

The trilobite faunas that occur with the Steptoean Positive Isotope Carbon Excursion (SPICE) at Smithfield Canyon, Utah, have been reported, but not illustrated. Given the importance of the SPICE at this section for international correlations, the trilobites from new collections from the upper Nounan Dolomite to lower St. Charles Formation at Smithfield Canyon are reported herein and integrated with the previously reported taxa. Trilobite assemblages indicate that the upper Cedaria to the Ellipsocephaloides biozones (Miaolingian Series, Guzhangian Stage to Furongian Series, Jiangshanian Stage) are present stratigraphically below or above the SPICE.

Some of the taxa reported herein may represent new …

2023’S Billion-Dollar Disasters List Shattered The Us Record With 28 Big Weather And Climate Disasters Amid Earth’S Hottest Year On Record, Shuang-Ye Wu

Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

The U.S. set an unwelcome record for weather and climate disasters in 2023, with 28 disasters that exceeded more than US$1 billion in damage each.

While it wasn’t the most expensive year overall – the costliest years included multiple hurricane strikes – it had the highest number of billion-dollar storms, floods, droughts and fires of any year since counting began in 1980, with six more than any other year, accounting for inflation.

Assessing Sediment Migration And Salmonid Habitat Recovery Following A Small Dam Removal And A Flood, Mill Creek, California, Usa, Madeline C. Doyle

Master's Theses

In 2021, the lower Mill Creek Dam (~4 m tall, ~8 m wide) was removed from the Mill Creek-San Vicente Creek watershed (18 km2), located in the Santa Cruz Mountains. Topographic surveys and pebble counts were performed at 27 transects four times between 2021 and 2023 to compare changes in channel characteristics and grain size to document the response to a small dam removal and the transition between drought and flood conditions. The goals of this study were to: (1) describe the movement of impounded sediment; (2) assess the success of habitat restoration for two endangered anadromous fish species: coho …

Geologists As Colonial Scouts: The Rogers Expedition To Otavi And Tsumeb, Namibia, 1892–1895, Selby Hearth

Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship

From 1892 to 1895, the South West Africa Company (SWACO) expedition led by geologist Matthew Rogers conducted the first geologic mapping in Namibia’s Otavi Mountains, including the now world-famous Tsumeb Mine. This paper uses archival documents from the Rogers expedition to trace his geologic contributions and to illustrate important themes in the relationships between 19th century colonial geologists, Western colonizing governments, Indigenous communities, resource extraction, and corporations. To carry out his mapping, Rogers performed a continuous balancing act between British and German colonial powers and local African leaders. The local leaders and communities he interacted with variously resisted his incursions, …

Cataloguing Minerals, Part One: Historical Cataloguing Practices And The Logics Of Colonialism, Selby Hearth, Carrie Robbins, Marianne Weldon, Aha Anderson, Rosa Bieber-Stanley, April Chernila, Helen Christ, Hannah Cosgrove, Morgan Hanson-Rosenberg, Carly Hill, Maya Hofstetter, Emily Lazo, Izzie Ludlow, Samantha Lyster, Rachel Myers, Jasper Nash, Georgia Reed, Julia Saint- Amour

Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Mineral wealth has motivated and funded extractive empires, often at the expense of local communities, workers, natural environments, and public health. Yet those connections are not recorded in traditional mineral catalogues, which divorce specimens from context. This article examines the roots of those omissions and situates mineral cataloguing in the larger body of literature on knowledge organization systems and their relation to power. We examine how colonial ideologies of land and people become entrenched in mineral cataloguing practices, and how this reinforces the ways that contemporary geologists think about their work. We argue that revising mineral cataloguing practices is a …

Correlation Of Geochemical Zones In Great Onyx Cave, Mammoth Cave National Park, To Surficial Geological Units, William Strehl

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Cave passages in Great Onyx Cave, developed within the Girkin and Ste. Genevieve Limestones of Mammoth Cave National Park, contain a variety of secondary features on cave walls, including speleothems such as stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstone, evaporite minerals, and dissolution features such as pits and domes. What secondary features are present on the walls of a cave passage depends on the flow and geochemistry of capillary water that has interacted with the cave passage. In the Mammoth Cave aquifer, five distinct geochemical zones have been broadly defined and each typically contains a particular set of secondary features. Geochemical zonation in …

Would Self-Supported Fracture Contribute To The Hydrocarbon Production In Shale Reservoir Besides Proppant-Supported Fracture, Y. Sun, G. Li, S. Zeng, J. Wu, J. Liu, M. Xu, C. Dai, Baojun Bai

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

During hydraulic fracturing in deep shale gas reservoirs, it is difficult to pump proppants long distances, and self-supported fractures are formed at the far and upper ends of the fractures. The self-supported fracture could hold the fracture space by its surface structure again fracture closure. However, it faces various aspects of impairment during shale gas reservoir development, which affect its conductivity. Among the impairment, long-term production results in a decline of bottom hole pressure, which will compact the fracture space, and self-supported fractures without proppant are more sensitive than those with proppant. In this paper, we conducted a series of …

Critical Convergence: Mapping The Boundaries Of How Faculty Interrogate Whiteness In The Geoscience Educational Landscape, James E. Hobbs

Educational Leadership & Policy Studies Dissertations - Archive

This study examined the role of faculty members in interrogating whiteness within geoscience education. The dominant reliance on whiteness as the primary way of knowing in geoscience education has long perpetuated a singular perspective that serves as a mechanism for reinforcing existing power structures rooted in white supremacy. Drawing on tenets from Critical whiteness Studies, Curriculum Theory, and Transformative Learning Theory, this research investigated U.S. higher education faculty members' strategies and challenges in disrupting whiteness within the geoscience curriculum.

Through critical qualitative narrative inquiry, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with geoscience faculty members across multiple institutions across the United …

A Field-Based Study Of Dust Emissivity In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert, U.S.: Testing The Preferential Dust Source Scheme, Gwenn L Harsha

Dissertations and Theses

We characterized spatiotemporal dust emissivity in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert (New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona, U.S.) using the Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Lab (PI-SWERL) and measurements of soil crust strength, soil texture and soil moisture. Field-based measurements of emissivity were compared to the results of the Preferential Dust Source (PDS) scheme (Bullard et al., 2011) in the Chihuahuan Desert (Baddock et al., 2011) where 48% of satellite-observed plumes were sourced from ephemeral and dry lakes. Six landforms were tested: 1) ephemeral and 2) dry lake, 3) high and 4) low relief alluvial, and aeolian 5) sand sheet and 6) dunes. …

250, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 250 - anthracite - metamorphic rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/250-a7f41cbcebd449eda33f60c19c9d33f9

Uqsees-1, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model UQSEES-1 - granite - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/uqsees-1-cb8d8e00ce0340f4b6ffd3b95e0d890d

149, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 149 - pegmatite - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/149-eea34817eff94fd49ba8117d0de7a7ad

153, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 153 - peridotite - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/153-352bbb86b3bf42239154c9b226f18881

161, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 161 - bituminous coal - sedimentary rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/161-2393ea8889df42b186b9dcd19afeebb6

170, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 170 - chalk - sedimentary rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/170-df8b420304fd4e6fb879981978811f74

Uqsees-P8, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model UQSEES-P8 - obsidian - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/uqsees-p8-427b9a83af65469c9124945cf1d648ef

195, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 195 - travertine - sedimentary rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/195-8012a646b8d4422396efe1d939f9f947

255, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 255 - hornfels - metamorphic rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/255-92eb561fa0234e15b68b1bef86bd3ca7

Petrophysics Characterization With Multiple Sample Scales Of Cuttings, Cores And Well Logs For Different Rock Types, Ogochukwu Azike

Earth & Environmental Sciences Dissertations - Archive

Petrophysics Characterization with Multiple Sample Scales of Cuttings, Cores and Well Logs for Different Rock Types

Laboratory-based experimental evaluations and nuclear magnetic resonance log data interpretation of carbonates, sandstones and shale rocks enable multi-scale petrophysical parameters characterization for integrated studies that can be applied in both the industry and academia. Numerous studies have been published on pore geometry and connectivity, as well as the diffusivity, migration, and containment of a fluid (oil/gas/water) in different reservoir types. However, despite the importance of diffusion and imbibition as a transport mechanism especially in unconventional resources, the direct measurements of these parameters have been …

Geodatabase And Automation Code Used For Past And Real-Time Dynamic Landslide Hazard Maps In Eastern Kentucky, Nathaniel O'Leary, L. Sebastian Bryson, Jason M. Dortch

Earth and Environmental Sciences Research Data

We developed spatiotemporal landslide hazard maps (LHMs) using soil, hydrologic, and geomorphic parameters from the subaerial infinite slope factor of safety (FS) equation under unsaturated conditions. Soil properties were sourced from the NRCS WSS, while geomorphic variables were derived from a 1.5 m LiDAR-based DEM and ArcGIS Online. Soil moisture from Hydrus-1D, driven by precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) data from Irrigation Manager, introduced temporal variability. Validation against known landslide sites demonstrated FS accuracy both spatially and temporally, despite some false positives. To reduce false positives and enhance slope stability representation, novel depth-to-bedrock (DTB) and soil root cohesion maps were incorporated …

Battles, Bustles, And Ballots: The Struggle For Michigan Women's Enfranchisement, Anna Bennett

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The struggle for women’s rights was long fought throughout American history and Michigan played a vital role in the movement’s success. This thesis explores three monumental eras that shaped the struggle for women’s suffrage in Michigan, detailing the evolution from the 1860s Civil War Era through the late 19th and early 20th century Progressive Era. The first era highlights how the Civil War provided women opportunities to challenge prevailing gender conventions and express political opinions. The second era examines the 1874 election, when suffrage was on the ballot but ultimately defeated, largely due to the Beecher-Tilton Scandal that tarnished the …

102, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 102 - basalt - ingeous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/102-d6075cf341ac4bd9b738cc436ee8b796

110, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 110 - rhyolite - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/110-3a727823e7f744ea86c0b7c4b815c9bc

117, Scott Brande

All 3D Rock Models

Model 117 - gabbro - igneous rock

SketchFab link: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/117-7aa0c6791f984aabbd11afd11efae604