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Articles 811 - 840 of 912
Full-Text Articles in Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces
An Examination Of Perceptions Of Male And Female Avatars, D. Dewester, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, S. Gervais, Keng Siau
An Examination Of Perceptions Of Male And Female Avatars, D. Dewester, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, S. Gervais, Keng Siau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Virtual worlds are three-dimensional, computer-generated worlds in which users take the form of avatars. Through their avatars, users can interact with objects and other avatars in the virtual world. Virtual worlds are growing in importance in both educational institutions and businesses. Educational institutions have adopted virtual worlds as a medium for instructional delivery whereas businesses are using virtual worlds for recruitment, training, collaboration, and marketing. Given these emerging phenomena, a better understanding of behavioral and perceptual issues in virtual worlds is warranted. In this paper, we propose a research model to study gender stereotypicality of male and female avatars and …
Real-Time Near-Duplicate Elimination For Web Video Search With Content And Context, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Alexander G. Hauptmann
Real-Time Near-Duplicate Elimination For Web Video Search With Content And Context, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Alexander G. Hauptmann
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
With the exponential growth of social media, there exist huge numbers of near-duplicate web videos, ranging from simple formatting to complex mixture of different editing effects. In addition to the abundant video content, the social web provides rich sets of context information associated with web videos, such as thumbnail image, time duration and so on. At the same time, the popularity of Web 2.0 demands for timely response to user queries. To balance the speed and accuracy aspects, in this paper, we combine the contextual information from time duration, number of views, and thumbnail images with the content analysis derived …
A Semiotic Analysis Of Unified Modeling Language Graphical Notations, Keng Siau, Yuhong Tian
A Semiotic Analysis Of Unified Modeling Language Graphical Notations, Keng Siau, Yuhong Tian
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Unified modeling language (UML) is the standard modeling language for object-oriented system development. Despite its status as a standard, UML has a fuzzy formal specification and a weak theoretical foundation. Semiotics, the study of signs, provides a good theoretical foundation for UML research because graphical notations (or visual signs) of UML are subjected to the principles of signs. In our research, we use semiotics to study the effectiveness of graphical notations in UML. We hypothesized that the use of iconic signs as UML graphical notations leads to representation that is more accurately interpreted and that arouses fewer connotations than the …
Cognitive Agents Integrating Rules And Reinforcement Learning For Context-Aware Decision Support, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan
Cognitive Agents Integrating Rules And Reinforcement Learning For Context-Aware Decision Support, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
While context-awareness has been found to be effective for decision support in complex domains, most of such decision support systems are hard-coded, incurring significant development efforts. To ease the knowledge acquisition bottleneck, this paper presents a class of cognitive agents based on self-organizing neural model known as TD-FALCON that integrates rules and learning for supporting context-aware decision making. Besides the ability to incorporate a priori knowledge in the form of symbolic propositional rules, TD-FALCON performs reinforcement learning (RL), enabling knowledge refinement and expansion through the interaction with its environment. The efficacy of the developed Context-Aware Decision Support (CaDS) system is …
Beyond Semantic Search: What You Observe May Not Be What You Think, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Wanlei Zhao, Feng Wang, Xiao Wu, Hung-Khoon Tan
Beyond Semantic Search: What You Observe May Not Be What You Think, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Wanlei Zhao, Feng Wang, Xiao Wu, Hung-Khoon Tan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper presents our approaches and results of the four TRECVID 2008 tasks we participated in: high-level feature extraction, automatic video search, video copy detection, and rushes summarization
Selection Of Concept Detectors For Video Search By Ontology-Enriched Semantic Spaces, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang
Selection Of Concept Detectors For Video Search By Ontology-Enriched Semantic Spaces, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper describes the construction and utilization of two novel semantic spaces, namely Ontology-enriched Semantic Space (OSS) and Ontology-enriched Orthogonal Semantic Space (OS2), to facilitate the selection of concept detectors for video search. These two semantic spaces are enriched with ontology knowledge, while emphasizing consistent and uniform comparison of ontological relatedness among concepts for query-to-concept mapping. OS2, in addition to being a linear space like OSS, also guarantees orthogonality of the semantic space. Compared with other ontology reasoning measures, both spaces are capable of providing platforms that offer a global view of concept inter-relatedness, by allowing evaluation of concept similarity …
Accelerating Near-Duplicate Video Matching By Combining Visual Similarity And Alignment Distortion, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao
Accelerating Near-Duplicate Video Matching By Combining Visual Similarity And Alignment Distortion, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we investigate a novel approach to accelerate the matching of two video clips by exploiting the temporal coherence property inherent in the keyframe sequence of a video. Motivated by the fact that keyframe correspondences between near-duplicate videos typically follow certain spatial arrangements, such property could be employed to guide the alignment of two keyframe sequences. We set the alignment problem as an integer quadratic programming problem, where the cost function takes into account both the visual similarity of the corresponding keyframes as well as the alignment distortion among the set of correspondences. The set of keyframe-pairs found …
Ontology-Based Visual Word Matching For Near-Duplicate Retrieval, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Ontology-Based Visual Word Matching For Near-Duplicate Retrieval, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a novel approach to exploit the ontological relationship of visual words by linguistic reasoning. A visual word ontology is constructed to facilitate the rigorous evaluation of linguistic similarity across visual words. The linguistic similarity measurement enables cross-bin matching of visual words, compromising the effectiveness and speed of conventional keypoint matching and bag-of-word approaches. A constraint EMD is proposed and experimented to efficiently match visual words. Empirical findings indicate that the proposed approach offers satisfactory performance to near-duplicate retrieval, while still enjoying the merit of speed efficiency compared with other techniques.
Video Event Detection Using Motion Relativity And Visual Relatedness, Feng Wang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Video Event Detection Using Motion Relativity And Visual Relatedness, Feng Wang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Event detection plays an essential role in video content analysis. However, the existing features are still weak in event detection because: i) most features just capture what is involved in an event or how the event evolves separately, and thus cannot completely describe the event; ii) to capture event evolution information, only motion distribution over the whole frame is used which proves to be noisy in unconstrained videos; iii) the estimated object motion is usually distorted by camera movement. To cope with these problems, in this paper, we propose a new motion feature, namely Expanded Relative Motion Histogram of Bag-ofVisual-Words …
Structuring Low-Quality Videotaped Lectures For Cross-Reference Browsing By Video Text Analysis, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong
Structuring Low-Quality Videotaped Lectures For Cross-Reference Browsing By Video Text Analysis, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper presents an unified approach in analyzing and Structuring the content of videotaped lectures for distance learning applications. By Structuring lecture videos, we can Support topic indexing and semantic querying of multimedia documents captured in the traditional classrooms. Our goal in this paper is to automatically construct the cross references of lecture videos and textual documents so as to facilitate the synchronized browsing and presentation of multimedia information. The major issues involved in our approach are topical event detection, video text analysis and the matching of slide shots and external documents. In topical event detection, a novel transition detector …
Special Issue Introduction: Hci Studies In Mis, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Xiaowen Fang, Traci Hess, Weiyin Hong
Special Issue Introduction: Hci Studies In Mis, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Xiaowen Fang, Traci Hess, Weiyin Hong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We are grateful to the editors-in-chief for this opportunity and their strong support of the second AIS SIGHCI-sponsored special issue on HCI studies in MIS. We also thank the following reviewers who have played an important role in the development of the manuscripts included in this special issue: Steven Bellman, Damon Campbell, Jinwei Cao, Jane Carey, Andrea Everard, Mark Fuller, Matt Germonprez, Maggie Guo, Susanna Ho, De Liu, Hong Sheng, Chuan Hoo Tan, Horst Treiblmaier, June Wei, and Yunjie Calvin Xu.
Simulating A Smartboard By Real-Time Gesture Detection In Lecture Videos, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong
Simulating A Smartboard By Real-Time Gesture Detection In Lecture Videos, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Gesture plays an important role for recognizing lecture activities in video content analysis. In this paper, we propose a real-time gesture detection algorithm by integrating cues from visual, speech and electronic slides. In contrast to the conventional "complete gesture" recognition, we emphasize detection by the prediction from "incomplete gesture". Specifically, intentional gestures are predicted by the modified hidden Markov model (HMM) which can recognize incomplete gestures before the whole gesture paths are observed. The multimodal correspondence between speech and gesture is exploited to increase the accuracy and responsiveness of gesture detection. In lecture presentation, this algorithm enables the on-the-fly editing …
Understanding Factors Influencing Proficient Information Systems Usage, Brenda Eschenbrenner, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Understanding Factors Influencing Proficient Information Systems Usage, Brenda Eschenbrenner, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Variations exist among information system (IS) users’ abilities to effectively utilize an IS. Some users are able to maximize IS potential, while others are not. This research proposes to understand the attributes of individuals who are most capable of exploiting IS to its fullest potential as well as the management and organizational factors that facilitate the development of highly competent users. The Repertory Grid Technique was utilized to identify user attributes contributing to IS proficiency in Phase One of this research and will be utilized to identify management and organizational factors in Phase Two. The results will provide a comprehensive …
Bag-Of-Visual-Words Expansion Using Visual Relatedness For Video Indexing, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Bag-Of-Visual-Words Expansion Using Visual Relatedness For Video Indexing, Yu-Gang Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Bag-of-visual-words (BoW) has been popular for visual classification in recent years. In this paper, we propose a novel BoW expansion method to alleviate the effect of visual word correlation problem. We achieve this by diffusing the weights of visual words in BoW based on visual word relatedness, which is rigorously defined within a visual ontology. The proposed method is tested in video indexing experiment on TRECVID-2006 video retrieval benchmark, and an improvement of 7% over the traditional BoW is reported.
Mobile Interaction Design: Integrating Individual And Organizational Perspectives, Peter Tarasewich, Jun Gong, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, David Dewester
Mobile Interaction Design: Integrating Individual And Organizational Perspectives, Peter Tarasewich, Jun Gong, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, David Dewester
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
While mobile computing provides organizations with many information systems implementation alternatives, it is often difficult to predict the potential benefits, limitations, and problems with mobile applications. Given the inherent portability of mobile devices, many design and use issues can arise which do not exist with desktop systems. While many existing rules of thumb for design of stationary systems apply to mobile systems, many new ones emerge. Issues such as the security and privacy of information take on new dimensions, and potential conflicts can develop when a single mobile device serves both personal and business needs. This paper identifies potential issues …
Measuring Novelty And Redundancy With Multiple Modalities In Cross-Lingual Broadcast News, Xiao Wu, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Measuring Novelty And Redundancy With Multiple Modalities In Cross-Lingual Broadcast News, Xiao Wu, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
News videos from different channels, languages are broadcast everyday, which provide abundant information for users. To effectively search, retrieve, browse and track news stories, news story similarity plays a critical role in assessing the novelty and redundancy among news stories. In this paper, we explore different measures of novelty and redundancy detection for cross-lingual news stories. A news story is represented by multimodal features which include a sequence of keyframes in the visual track, and a set of words and named entities extracted from speech transcript in the audio track. Vector space models and language models on individual features (text, …
Multimodal News Story Clustering With Pairwise Visual Near-Duplicate Constraint, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Alexander G. Hauptmann
Multimodal News Story Clustering With Pairwise Visual Near-Duplicate Constraint, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Alexander G. Hauptmann
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Story clustering is a critical step for news retrieval, topic mining, and summarization. Nonetheless, the task remains highly challenging owing to the fact that news topics exhibit clusters of varying densities, shapes, and sizes. Traditional algorithms are found to be ineffective in mining these types of clusters. This paper offers a new perspective by exploring the pairwise visual cues deriving from near-duplicate keyframes (NDK) for constraint-based clustering. We propose a constraint-driven co-clustering algorithm (CCC), which utilizes the near-duplicate constraints built on top of text, to mine topic-related stories and the outliers. With CCC, the duality between stories and their underlying …
Columbia University/Vireo-Cityu/Irit Trecvid2008 High-Level Feature Extraction And Interactive Video Search, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky
Columbia University/Vireo-Cityu/Irit Trecvid2008 High-Level Feature Extraction And Interactive Video Search, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this report, we present overview and comparative analysis of our HLF detection system, which achieves the top performance among all type-A submissions in 2008. We also describe preliminary evaluation of our video search system, CuZero, in the interactive search task.
Concept Detection: Convergence To Local Features And Opportunities Beyond, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky
Concept Detection: Convergence To Local Features And Opportunities Beyond, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
No abstract provided.
Understanding Highly Competent Information System Users, Brenda Eschenbrenner, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Understanding Highly Competent Information System Users, Brenda Eschenbrenner, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Individuals differ in their abilities to use information systems (IS) effectively, with some achieving exceptional performance in IS use. Using the Repertory Grid Technique, this research identifies attributes of highly competent IS users that distinguish them from less competent users. Using the Grounded Theory approach, we identified categories and sub-categories of these attributes and used them to develop a conceptual framework to explain IS User Competency. The findings indicate that highly competent users differ from less competent users in their Personality Traits and Disposition Factors, General Cognitive Abilities, Social Skills and Tendencies, Experiential Learning Factors, Domain Knowledge of and Skills …
Experimenting Vireo-374: Bag-Of-Visual-Words And Visual-Based Ontology For Semantic Video Indexing And Search, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Feng Wang, Wanlei Zhao, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Experimenting Vireo-374: Bag-Of-Visual-Words And Visual-Based Ontology For Semantic Video Indexing And Search, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Feng Wang, Wanlei Zhao, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we present our approaches and results of high-level feature extraction and automatic video search in TRECVID-2007.
Om-Based Video Shot Retrieval By One-To-One Matching, Yuxin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jianguo Xiao
Om-Based Video Shot Retrieval By One-To-One Matching, Yuxin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jianguo Xiao
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a new approach for shot-based retrieval by optimal matching (OM), which provides an effective mechanism for the similarity measure and ranking of shots by one-to-one matching. In the proposed approach, a weighted bipartite graph is constructed to model the color similarity between two shots. Then OM based on Kuhn-Munkres algorithm is employed to compute the maximum weight of a constructed bipartite graph as the shot similarity value by one-to-one matching among frames. To improve the speed efficiency of OM, two improved algorithms are also proposed: bipartite graph construction based on subshots and bipartite graph construction based on …
Rushes Video Summarization By Object And Event Understanding, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Rushes Video Summarization By Object And Event Understanding, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper explores a variety of visual and audio analysis techniques in selecting the most representative video clips for rushes summarization at TRECVID 2007. These techniques include object detection, camera motion estimation, keypoint matching and tracking, audio classification and speech recognition. Our system is composed of two major steps. First, based on video structuring, we filter undesirable shots and minimize the inter-shot redundancy by repetitive shot detection. Second, a representability measure is proposed to model the presence of objects and four audio-visual events: motion activity of objects, camera motion, scene changes, and speech content, in a video clip. The video …
Ontology-Enriched Semantic Space For Video Search, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo
Ontology-Enriched Semantic Space For Video Search, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Multimedia-based ontology construction and reasoning have recently been recognized as two important issues in video search, particularly for bridging semantic gap. The lack of coincidence between low-level features and user expectation makes concept-based ontology reasoning an attractive midlevel framework for interpreting high-level semantics. In this paper, we propose a novel model, namely ontology-enriched semantic space (OSS), to provide a computable platform for modeling and reasoning concepts in a linear space. OSS enlightens the possibility of answering conceptual questions such as a high coverage of semantic space with minimal set of concepts, and the set of concepts to be developed for …
The Future Of Information Systems Engineering, Keng Siau
The Future Of Information Systems Engineering, Keng Siau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
No abstract provided.
Deception In Cyberspace: A Comparison Of Text-Only Vs. Avatar-Supported Medium, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Deception In Cyberspace: A Comparison Of Text-Only Vs. Avatar-Supported Medium, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The use of anthropomorphic avatars provides Internet users the opportunity and freedom to manipulate their identity. As cyberspace becomes a haven for deceptive behavior, human–computer interaction research will need to be carried out to study and understand these deceptive behaviors. The objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of deceivers and non-deceivers (or truth-tellers) in the cyberspace environment. We examine if the intention to deceive others influences one's choice of avatars in the online chat environment. We also investigate if communication medium (text-only vs. avatar-supported chat) influences one's perception of trustworthiness of the communication partner. A lab experiment …
Evaluating Bag-Of-Visual-Words Representations In Scene Classification, Jun Yang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Evaluating Bag-Of-Visual-Words Representations In Scene Classification, Jun Yang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Based on keypoints extracted as salient image patches, an image can be described as a “bag of visual words” and this representation has been used in scene classification. The choice of dimension, selection, and weighting of visual words in this representation is crucial to the classification performance but has not been thoroughly studied in previous work. Given the analogy between this representation and the bag-of-words representation of text documents, we apply techniques used in text categorization, including term weighting, stop word removal, feature selection, to generate image representations that differ in the dimension, selection, and weighting of visual words. The …
Practical Elimination Of Near-Duplicates From Web Video Search, Xiao Wu, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Practical Elimination Of Near-Duplicates From Web Video Search, Xiao Wu, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Current web video search results rely exclusively on text keywords or user-supplied tags. A search on typical popular video often returns many duplicate and near-duplicate videos in the top results. This paper outlines ways to cluster and filter out the nearduplicate video using a hierarchical approach. Initial triage is performed using fast signatures derived from color histograms. Only when a video cannot be clearly classified as novel or nearduplicate using global signatures, we apply a more expensive local feature based near-duplicate detection which provides very accurate duplicate analysis through more costly computation. The results of 24 queries in a data …
Near-Duplicate Keyframe Identification With Interest Point Matching And Pattern Learning, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Near-Duplicate Keyframe Identification With Interest Point Matching And Pattern Learning, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a new approach for near-duplicate keyframe (NDK) identification by matching, filtering and learning of local interest points (LIPs) with PCA-SIFT descriptors. The issues in matching reliability, filtering efficiency and learning flexibility are novelly exploited to delve into the potential of LIP-based retrieval and detection. In matching, we propose a one-to-one symmetric matching (OOS) algorithm which is found to be highly reliable for NDK identification, due to its capability in excluding false LIP matches compared with other matching strategies. For rapid filtering, we address two issues: speed efficiency and search effectiveness, to support OOS with a new index …
Interface Design For Handheld Mobile Devices, Peter Tarasewich, Jun Gong, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Interface Design For Handheld Mobile Devices, Peter Tarasewich, Jun Gong, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Mobile computing has attracted a lot of attention from both the industry and academia in recent years. While a number of mobile applications have been developed, there are no established guidelines on the design of mobile device interfaces. This paper presents our initial efforts to provide a set of practical design guidelines for mobile device interfaces.