Computer Sciences Commons^™

Simpler-To-Describe Cases Are Often More Difficult To Prove: A Possible Explanation, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many areas of mathematics, simpler-to-describe cases are often more difficult to prove. In this paper, we provide examples of such phenomena (Bieberbach's Conjecture, Poincar\'e Conjecture, Fermat's Last Theorem), and we provide a possible explanation for this empirical fact.

Logic Of Scientific Discovery: How Physical Induction Affects What Is Computable, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Most of our knowledge about a physical world comes from physical induction: if a hypothesis is confirmed by a sufficient number of observations, we conclude that this hypothesis is universally true. We show that a natural formalization of this property affects what is computable when processing measurement and observation results, and we explain how this formalization is related to Kolmogorov complexity and randomness. We also consider computational consequences of an alternative idea also coming form physics: that no physical law is absolutely true, that every physical law will sooner or later need to be corrected. It turns out that this …

Roadmap For Graduating Students With Expertise In The Analysis And Development Of Secure Cyber-Systems, Ann Q. Gates, Salamah Salamah, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Modern society is intensely and irreversibly dependent on software systems of extraordinary size and complexity. This includes software systems in domain areas such as defense, energy, communication, transportation, and manufacturing. Due to the rapid expansion and reliance on the global Internet for day-to-day functions of individuals, organizations, governments, and industry around the world, cyber-security has emerged as an essential component of computing curricula. To address regional and national needs, the Computer Science Department has defined a roadmap for educating and preparing students who have expertise in the analysis and development of secure cyber-systems. Toward that vision, the department has set …

Fuzzy Logic Ideas Can Help In Explaining Kahneman And Tversky's Empirical Decision Weights, Joe Lorkowski, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Analyzing how people actually make decisions, the Nobelist Daniel Kahneman and his co-author Amos Tversky found out that instead of maximizing the expected gain, people maximize a weighted gain, with weights determined by the corresponding probabilities. The corresponding empirical weights can be explained qualitatively, but quantitatively, these weights remains largely unexplained. In this paper, we show that with a surprisingly high accuracy, these weights can be explained by fuzzy logic ideas.

From Interval-Valued Probabilities To Interval-Valued Possibilities: Case Studies Of Interval Computation Under Constraints, Luis C. Gutierrez, Martine Ceberio, Vladik Kreinovich, Rebekah L. Gruver, Mariana Peña, Mathew J. Rister, Abraham Saldaña, John Vasquez, Janelle Ybarra, Salem Benferhat

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many engineering situations, we need to make decisions under uncertainty. In some cases, we know the probabilities p_i of different situations i; these probabilities should add up to 1. In other cases, we only have expert estimates of the degree of possibility μ_ii of different situations; in accordance with the possibility theories, the largest of these degrees should be equal to 1.

In practice, we often only know these degrees p_i and μ_ii with uncertainty. Usually, we know the upper bound and the lower bound on each of these values. In other words, …

Decision Making Under Interval Uncertainty: What Can And What Cannot Be Computed In Linear Time And In Real Time, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In engineering, we constantly need to make decisions: which design to select, which parameters to select for this design, etc.

The traditional approach to decision making is based on the assumption that we know all possible consequences of each alternative, and we know the probability of each such consequence. Under this assumption, we can describe a rational decision-making process: to each possible consequence, we assign a numerical values called its utility, and we select the alternative for which the expected value of the utility is the largest.

An important advantage of this approach is that it can be performed in …

Extending Ocl To Better Express Uml Qualified Associations, Alla Dove, Aditi Barua, Yoonsik Cheon

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

A qualified association in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is an association that allows one to restrict the objects referred in an association using a key called a qualifier. A qualified association can appear in a constraint written in the Object Constraint Language (OCL) to specify a precise UML model. However, the OCL notation fails to provide appropriate support for expressing certain types of constraints written using qualified associations. In this paper we first describe a deficiency of OCL in expressing qualified associations and then propose a small extension to OCL to make it more expressive. The key idea of …

Assessing The Effect Of High Performance Computing Capabilities On Academic Research Output, Amy Apon, Linh B. Ngo, Michael E. Payne, Paul W. Wilson

Publications

This paper uses nonparametric methods and some new results on hypothesis testing with nonparametric efficiency estimators and applies these to analyze the effect of locally-available high performance computing (HPC) resources on universities efficiency in producing research and other outputs. We find that locally-available HPC resources enhance the technical efficiency of research output in Chemistry, Civil Engineering, Physics, and History, but not in Computer Science, Economics, nor English; we find mixed results for Biology. Out research results provide a critical first step in a quantitative economic model for investments in HPC.

Addressing User Requirements In Open Source Software: The Role Of Online Forums, Arif Raza, Luiz Fernando Capretz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

User satisfaction has always been important in the success of software, regardless of whether it is closed and proprietary or open source software (OSS). OSS users are geographically distributed and include technical as well as novice users. However, it is generally believed that if OSS was more usable, its popularity would increase tremendously. Hence, users and their requirements need to be addressed in the priorities of an OSS environment. Online public forums are a major medium of communication for the OSS community. The research model of this work studies the relationship between user requirements in open source software and online …

Theoretical Analysis And Simulation Of Acute And Chronic Phase Hiv-1 Dynamics, Frank Nani, Mingxian Jin

Math and Computer Science Faculty Working Papers

Aims: The dynamics of HIV-1 induced AIDS is attributed to several biological variables, which characterize the stage, virulence and morbidity of the disease. The aim of this research is to use a necessary and sufficient subset of these immunological variables to construct a clinically plausible mathematical model of the patho-physiological dynamics of HIV-1 induced AIDS during the acute and chronic phases. This model incorporates the interactions between uninfected CD4+ T cells, HIV-1 infected CD4+ T cells, HIV-1 virions in the blood plasma, and specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. The major objective is to derive mathematical criteria depicting conditions under which …

How To Understand Connections Based On Big Data: From Cliques To Flexible Granules, Ali Jalal-Kamali, M. Shahriar Hossain, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

One of the main objectives of science and engineering is to predict the future state of the world -- and to come up with actions which will lead to the most favorable outcome. To be able to do that, we need to have a quantitative model describing how the values of the desired quantities change -- and for that, we need to know which factors influence this change. Usually, these factors are selected by using traditional statistical techniques, but with the current drastic increase in the amount of available data -- known as the advent of {\it big data} -- …

Towards Decision Making Under Interval, Set-Valued, Fuzzy, And Z-Number Uncertainty: A Fair Price Approach, Joe Lorkowski, Vladik Kreinovich, Rafik Aliev

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In this paper, we explore one of the possible ways to make decisions under uncertainty: namely, we explain how to define a fair price for a participation in such a decision, and then select an alternative for which the corresponding fair price is the largest. This idea is explained on the examples of interval uncertainty, set-valued, fuzzy, and Z-number uncertainty.

Modeler: Web Api Modeling Tool, Yegor Pomortsev

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This report presents the API Modeler system, a tool for creating and modifying web APIs models, within the context of the API modeling problem, and how it serves to solve several common use-cases and scenarios for interacting with web API models. The report describes the motivation for Modeler, its design and implementation, related tools, and possible future improvements to the system.

Service Discovery Protocols For Constrained Machine-To-Machine Communications, Berta Carballido Villaverde, Rodolfo De Paz Alberola, Antonio J. Jara, Szymon Fedor, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

An emerging trend in many applications is to use resource-constrained wireless devices for machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. The observed proliferation of wireless embedded systems is expected to have a significant impact on future M2M applications if the services provided can be automatically discovered and accessed at runtime. In order to realize the decoupling of M2M applications and services, energy efficient service discovery mechanisms must be designed so as to minimize human intervention during configuration and management phases. However, many traditional service discovery protocols cannot be applied to wireless constrained devices because they introduce too much overhead, fail in a duty-cycled environment …

Implementimi I Iptv Në Sistemet Telekomunikuese, Milot Bajrami

Theses and Dissertations

Ky punimi diplome shtjellon fazat e përgatitjes së një pakete të protokollit të internetit për implementim nëpër rrjetat telekomunikuese dhe më gjerësisht në sistemin IPTV, arkitekturën e thjeshtuar të një sistemi IPTV dhe si rast studimi është marrur implementimi i IPTV-së në Post dhe Telekomin e Kosovës si ndërmarrja më e madhe në tregun telekomunikues në vendin tonё. PTK si teknologji të transmetimit të televizionit ka zgjedhur teknologjinë IPTV nëpër DSL, pasi që ajo eliminon nevojën e një rrjeti sekondar përgjatë rrjetit ekzistues (twisted-pair network). Tani kemi kanalet televizive që na sigurojnë informacione 24 orë në ditë dhe në anën …

Computational Study Of The Rovibrational Spectrum Of Co₂-Cs₂, James Corgan Brown, Xiao-Gang Wang, Tucker Carrington Jr., Garry S. Grubbs, Richard Dawes

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new intermolecular potential energy surface, rovibrational transition frequencies, and line strengths are computed for CO₂-CS₂. the potential is made by fitting energies obtained from explicitly correlated coupled-cluster calculations using an interpolating moving least squares method. the rovibrational Schrödinger equation is solved with a symmetry-adapted Lanczos algorithm and an uncoupled product basis set. All four intermolecular coordinates are included in the calculation. in agreement with previous experiments, the global minimum of the potential energy surface (PES) is cross shaped. the PES also has slipped-parallel minima. Rovibrational wavefunctions are localized in the cross minima and the slipped-parallel …

Phonon Density Of States And Anharmonicity Of Uo₂, Judy W. Pang, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Bennett C. Larson, William J. Buyers, Douglas L. Abernathy, Kenneth J. Mcclellan, Simon R. Phillpot

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Phonon density of states (PDOS) measurements have been performed on polycrystalline UO₂ at 295 and 1200 K using time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering to investigate the impact of anharmonicity on the vibrational spectra and to benchmark ab initio PDOS simulations performed on this strongly correlated Mott insulator. Time-of-flight PDOS measurements include anharmonic linewidth broadening, inherently, and the factor of ~7 enhancement of the oxygen spectrum relative to the uranium component by the increased neutron sensitivity to the oxygen-dominated optical phonon modes. The first-principles simulations of quasiharmonic PDOS spectra were neutron weighted and anharmonicity was introduced in an approximate way by …

Seismic Anisotropy And Mantle Flow Beneath The Northern Great Plains Of North America, Bin B. Yang, Stephen S. Gao, Kelly H. Liu, Ahmed A. Elsheikh, Awad A. Lemnifi, Hesham A. Refayee, Youqiang Yu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A diverse set of tectonic features and the recent availability of high-quality broadband seismic data from the USArray and other stations on the northern Great Plains of North America provide a distinct opportunity to test different anisotropy-forming mechanisms. A total of 4138 pairs of well-defined splitting parameters observed at 445 stations show systematic spatial variations of anisotropic characteristics. Azimuthally invariant fast orientations subparallel to the absolute plate motion (APM) direction are observed at most of the stations on the Superior Craton and the southern Yavapai province, indicating that a single layer of anisotropy with a horizontal axis of symmetry is …

Fingerprinting Ieee 802.15.4 Devices With Commodity Radios, Ira Ray Jenkins, Rebecca Shapiro, Sergey Bratus, Ryan Speers, Travis Goodspeed

Computer Science Technical Reports

We present a reliable method of PHY-layer fingerprinting of IEEE 802.15.4-conformant nodes with commodity digital radio chips widely used in building inexpensive IEEE 802.15.4-conformant devices. Typically, PHY-layer fingerprinting requires software-defined radios that cost orders of magnitude more than the chips they can fingerprint; our method does not require a software-defined radio and uses the same inexpensive chips. For mission-critical systems relying on 802.15.4 devices, defense-in-depth is thus necessary. Device fingerprinting has long been an important defensive tool; reducing its cost raises its utility for defenders. We investigate new methods of fingerprinting 802.15.4 devices by exploring techniques to differentiate between multiple …

Speaking The Local Dialect: Exploiting Differences Between Ieee 802.15.4 Receivers With Commodity Radios For Fingerprinting, Targeted Attacks, And Wids Evasion, Ira Ray Jenkins, Rebecca Shapiro, Sergey Bratus, Travis Goodspeed, Ryan Speers, David Dowd

Computer Science Technical Reports

Producing IEEE 802.15.4 PHY-frames reliably accepted by some digital radio receivers, but rejected by others---depending on the receiver chip's make and model---has strong implications for wireless security. Attackers could target specific receivers by crafting "shaped charges," attack frames that appear valid to the intended target and are ignored by all other recipients. By transmitting in the unique, slightly non-compliant "dialect" of the intended receivers, attackers would be able to create entire communication streams invisible to others, including wireless intrusion detection and prevention systems (WIDS/WIPS).

These scenarios are no longer theoretic. We present methods of producing such IEEE 802.15.4 frames with …

Pointing Devices For Wearable Computers, Saverio Perugini, Andres A. Calvo

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present a survey of pointing devices for wearable computers, which are body-mounted devices that users can access at any time. Since traditional pointing devices (i.e., mouse, touchpad, and trackpoint) were designed to be used on a steady and flat surface, they are inappropriate for wearable computers. Just as the advent of laptops resulted in the development of the touchpad and trackpoint, the emergence of wearable computers is leading to the development of pointing devices designed for them. However, unlike laptops, since wearable computers are operated from different body positions under different environmental conditions for different uses, researchers have developed …

Investigating Automatic Measurements Of Prosodic Accommodation And Its Dynamics In Social Interaction, Celine De Looze, Stefan Scherer, Brian Vaughan, Nick Campbell

Articles

Spoken dialogue systems are increasingly being used to facilitate and enhance human communication. While these interactive systems can process the linguistic aspects of human communication, they are not yet capable of processing the complex dynamics involved in social interaction, such as the adaptation on the part of interlocutors. Providing interactive systems with the capacity to process and exhibit this accommodation could however improve their efficiency and make machines more socially-competent interactants.

At present, no automatic system is available to process prosodic accommodation, nor do any clear measures exist that quantify its dynamic manifestation. While it can be observed to be …

What We Publish In Cise, George K. Thiruvathukal

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Here, the Editor-in-Chief discusses what we publish in CiSE, and the best way to present work for publication in the magazine.

Receiver Function Constraints On Crustal Seismic Velocities And Partial Melting Beneath The Red Sea Rift And Adjacent Regions, Afar Depression, Cory A. Reed, Sattam Almadani, Stephen S. Gao, Ahmed A. Elsheikh, Solomon Cherie, Mohamed G. Abdel Salam, Allison K. Thurmond, Kelly H. Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Afar Depression is an ideal locale for the investigation of crustal processes involved in the transition from continental rifting to oceanic spreading. To provide relatively high resolution images of the crust beneath the Red Sea rift (RSR) represented by the Tendaho graben in the Afar Depression, we deployed an array of 18 broadband seismic stations in 2010 and 2011. Stacking of about 2300 receiver functions from the 18 and several nearby stations along the ~200 km long array reveals an average crustal thickness of 22 ± 4 km, ranging from ~17 km near the RSR axis to 30 km …

The Insecurity Of Two Proxy Signcryption Schemes: Proxy Credential Forgery Attack And How To Prevent It, Jyh-Haw Yeh

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Securing different online e-business activities usually requires applying different cryptographic algorithms. The proxy signcryption algorithms are designed for applications such as online proxy auction or online proxy signatures on business contracts, which require a proxy agent to sign on confidential messages. This paper proposes a proxy credential forgery attack to two recent proxy signcryption schemes in the literature. Using the attack, a malicious proxy signer can create a fake proxy credential from his original credential to extend his signing power. Simple modifications to these two schemes are also provided in this paper to prevent the attack without adding too much …

Conception, Design And Construction Of A Remote Wifi Vehicle Using Arduino, Clayton Broman

Physics

The scope of this senior project was to make a wireless vehicle controlled via Internet Protocol. This vehicle operates remotely and without direct line of sight. Commands are sent from a program running on a laptop and transmitted using a wireless router. Visual data is retrieved from a network camera, mounted on the vehicle, in real-time, to see where you are going.

Midiflapper: A Leap Motion Midi Controller, Mark M. Henry

Computer Science and Software Engineering

An application called MIDIFlapper was developed that translates data from the Leap Motion, an NUI device, into MIDI data suitable for use by a contemporary digital audio workstation. This allows electronic musicians to use the Leap Motion for musical creation and live performance.

Mcdonald Log-Logistic Distribution With An Application To Breast Cancer Data, M. H. Tahir, Muhammad Mansoor, Muhammad Zubair, Gholamhossein Hamedani

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

We introduce a five-parameter continuous model, called the McDonald log-logistic distribution, to extend the two-parameter log-logistic distribution. Some structural properties of this new distribution such as reliability measures and entropies are obtained. The model parameters are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood using L-BFGS-B algorithm. A useful characterization of the distribution is proposed which does not require explicit closed form of the cumulative distribution function and also connects the probability density function with a solution of a first order differential equation. An application of the new model to real data set shows that it can give consistently better fit …

Sampled Fictitious Play For Multi-Action Stochastic Dynamic Programs, Archis Ghate, Shih-Fen Cheng, Stephen Baumert, Daniel Reaume, Dushyant Sharma, Robert L. Smith

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We introduce a class of finite-horizon dynamic optimization problems that we call multi-action stochastic dynamic programs (DPs). Their distinguishing feature is that the decision in each state is a multi-dimensional vector. These problems can in principle be solved using Bellman's backward recursion. However, complexity of this procedure grows exponentially in the dimension of the decision vectors. This is called the curse of action-space dimensionality. To overcome this computational challenge, we propose an approximation algorithm rooted in the game theoretic paradigm of Sampled Fictitious Play (SFP). SFP solves a sequence of DPs with a one-dimensional action-space, which are exponentially smaller than …

Retrieval-Based Face Annotation By Weak Label Regularized Local Coordinate Coding, Dayong Wang, Steven C. H. Hoi, Ying He, Jianke Zhu, Mei Tao, Jiebo Luo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Auto face annotation, which aims to detect human faces from a facial image and assign them proper human names, is a fundamental research problem and beneficial to many real-world applications. In this work, we address this problem by investigating a retrieval-based annotation scheme of mining massive web facial images that are freely available over the Internet. In particular, given a facial image, we first retrieve the top n similar instances from a large-scale web facial image database using content-based image retrieval techniques, and then use their labels for auto annotation. Such a scheme has two major challenges: 1) how to …