Computer Sciences Commons^™

Resilient Image Fusion, Tiranee Achalakul, Joohan Lee, Stephen Taylor

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

The paper describes a distributed spectral-screening PCT algorithm for fusing hyper-spectral images in remote sensing applications. The algorithm provides intrusion tolerance from information warfare attacks using the notion of computational resiliency. This concept uses replication to achieve fault tolerance, but goes further to dynamically regenerate replication in response to an attack or failure. The concepts of resiliency are incorporated through library technology that is application independent. This library hides the details of communication protocols required to achieve dynamic replication and reconfiguration in distributed applications. The paper provides a status report on our progress in developing the concept and applying it …

Probabilistic Model Checking Multi-Agent Behaviors In Dispersion Games Using Counter Abstraction, Jianye Hao, Songzheng Song, Yang Liu, Jun Sun, Lin Gui, Jin Song Dong, Ho-Fung Leung

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Accurate analysis of the stochastic dynamics of multi-agent system is important but challenging. Probabilistic model checking, a formal technique for analysing a system which exhibits stochastic behaviors, can be a natural solution to analyse multi-agent systems. In this paper, we investigate this problem in the context of dispersion games focusing on two strategies: basic simple strategy (BSS) and extended simple strategies (ESS). We model the system using discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) and reduce the state space of the models by applying counter abstraction technique. Two important properties of the system are considered: convergence and convergence rate. We show that these …

Prosody-Based Query-By-Example Spoken Utterance Retrieval, Steven D. Werner, Nigel G. Ward

COURI Symposium Abstracts, Summer 2012

Current spoken dialogue retrieval systems are almost entirely lexically based, using automatic transcription by imperfect speech recognition technology. Once audio is reduced to text, little more than existing text search methods are used to retrieve results. However, spoken dialogue contains rich latent prosodic information about dialogue activities - such as agreeing, arguing, deciding, planning, storytelling, showing surprise - and this extra information can often be relevant to the searchers aims. Searching for similar speech acts rather then similar words enables similar contextual results, returning points where the speaker had the same sentiment during a topic. Previous research yielded 76 dimensions …

Resilient Image Fusion, Tiranee Achalakul, Joohan Lee, Stephen Taylor

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

The paper describes a distributed spectral-screening PCT algorithm for fusing hyper-spectral images in remote sensing applications. The algorithm provides intrusion tolerance from information warfare attacks using the notion of computational resiliency. This concept uses replication to achieve fault tolerance, but goes further to dynamically regenerate replication in response to an attack or failure. The concepts of resiliency are incorporated through library technology that is application independent. This library hides the details of communication protocols required to achieve dynamic replication and reconfiguration in distributed applications. The paper provides a status report on our progress in developing the concept and applying it …

A Concurrent Spectral-Screening Pct Algorithm For Remote Sensing Applications, Tiranee Achalakul, Stephen Taylor

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

The paper presents a concurrent algorithm for remote sensing applications that provides significant performance and image quality enhancements over conventional uniprocessor PCT techniques. The algorithm combines spectral angle classification, principal component transform, and human centered color mapping. It is evaluated from an image quality perspective using images collected with the Hyper-spectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE) sensor, an airborne imaging spectrometer. These images correspond to foliated scenes taken from an altitude of 2000 to 7500 meters at wavelengths between 400nm and 2.5 micron. The scenes contain mechanized vehicles sitting in open fields as well as under camouflage. The algorithm operates …

Mathweb: A Concurrent Image Analysis Tool Suite For Multi-Spectral Data Fusion, Tiranee Achalakul, Peter D. Haaland, Stephen Taylor

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

This paper describes a preliminary approach to the fusion of multi-spectral image data for the analysis of cervical cancer. The long-term goal of this research is to define spectral signatures and automatically detect cancer cell structures. The approach combines a multi-spectral microscope with an image analysis tool suite, MathWeb. The tool suite incorporates a concurrent Principal Component Transform (PCT) that is used to fuse the multi-spectral data. This paper describes the general approach and the concurrent PCT algorithm. The algorithm is evaluated from both the perspective of image quality and performance scalability.

On Teaching Arrays With Test-Driven Learning In Webide, Michael Hilton, David S. Janzen

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Test-driven development (TDD) has been shown to reduce defects and to lead to better code, but can it help beginning students learn basic programming topics, specifically arrays? We performed a controlled experiment where we taught arrays to two CS0 classes, one using WebIDE, an intelligent tutoring system that enforced the use of Test-Driven Learning (TDL) methods, and one using more traditional static methods and a development environment that instructed, but did not enforce the use of TDD. Students who used the TDL approach with WebIDE performed significantly better in assessments and had significantly higher opinions of their experiences than students …

Detection Likelihood Maps For Wilderness Search And Rescue: Assisting Search By Utilizing Searcher Gps Track Logs, Michael Thomas Roscheck

Theses and Dissertations

Every year there are numerous cases of individuals becoming lost in remote wilderness environments. Principles of search theory have become a foundation for developing more efficient and successful search and rescue methods. Measurements can be taken that describe how easily a search object is to detect. These estimates allow the calculation of the probability of detection—the probability that an object would have been detected if in the area. This value only provides information about the search area as a whole; it does not provide details about which portions were searched more thoroughly than others. Ground searchers often carry portable …

On Heterogeneous User Demands In Peer-To-Peer Video Streaming Systems, Zhipeng Ouyang

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A Peer-to-Peer (P2P) video streaming system usually consists of a large number of peers, which have heterogeneous physical properties. Orthogonal to the physical heterogeneity, there is another type of heterogeneity called demand heterogeneity. Namely, peers have their own demands on the quality and type of the streaming service. The problem of demand heterogeneity has received little attention and as a result current P2P video streaming systems cannot achieve satisfactory performance due to demand heterogeneity. In this dissertation, we study how to design efficient P2P video streaming systems with heterogeneous user demands.

First, we study the problem of heterogeneous user demands …

Calibrating Large Scale Vehicle Trajectory Data, Siyuan Liu, Ce Liu, Qiong Luo, Lionel Ni, Ramayya Krishnan

LARC Research Publications

An accurate and sufficient vehicle trajectory dataset is the basis to many trajectory-based data mining tasks and applications. However, vehicle trajectories sampled by GPS devices are usually at a relatively low sampling rate and contain notable location errors. To address these two problems in GPS trajectory data, we propose WI-matching, the first vehicle trajectory calibration framework to take advantage of road networks topology and geometry information and trajectory historical information in large scale. WI-matching consists of a Weighting based map matching algorithm and a trajectory interpolation based matching algorithm. In our WImatching framework, we first integrate the vehicle GPS data …

Binary The Digital Language, Clyde Cox

Computer and Internetworking Technologies (CIT) Scholarship

Binary--base two--uses a single digit to represent zero or one. With only 2 states, machines can differentiate between the two; if there is voltage it’s a one and if there is no voltage it’s a zero. Since digital computers communicate using binary numbers, network engineers need to have an in depth understanding of binary.

How To Divide Students Into Groups So As To Optimize Learning: Towards A Solution To A Pedagogy-Related Optimization Problem, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

To enhance learning, it is desirable to also let students learn from each other, e.g., by working in groups. It is known that such groupwork can improve learning, but the effect strongly depends on how we divide students into groups. In this paper, based on a first approximation model of student interaction, we describe how to optimally divide students into groups so as to optimize the resulting learning. We hope that, by taking into account other aspects of student interaction, it will be possible to transform our solution into truly optimal practical recommendations.

Decision Making Under Interval And Fuzzy Uncertainty: Towards An Operational Approach, Rafik Aliev, Oleg H. Huseynov, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Traditional decision theory is based on a simplifying assumption that for each two alternatives, a user can always meaningfully decide which of them is preferable. In reality, often, when the alternatives are close, the user is either completely unable to select one of these alternatives, or selects one of the alternatives only "to some extent". How can we extend the traditional decision theory to such realistic interval and fuzzy cases? In their previous papers, the first two authors proposed a natural generalization of the usual decision theory axioms to interval and fuzzy cases, and described decision coming from this generalization. …

Influence Of The Listening Context On The Perceived Realism Of Binaural Recordings, Davide Andrea Mauro, Francesco Vitale

Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering Faculty Research

Binaural recordings and audio are becoming an interesting resource for composers, live performances and augmented reality. This paper focuses on the acceptance and the perceived quality by the audience of such spatial recordings. We present the results of a preliminary study of psychoacoustic perception where N=26 listeners had to report on the realism and the quality of different couples of sounds taken from two different rooms with peculiar reverb. Sounds are recorded with a self-made dummy head. The stimuli are grouped into classes with respects to some characteristics highlighted as potentially important for the task. Listening condition is fixed with …

The Latent Maximum Entropy Principle, Shaojun Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Yunxin Zhao

Kno.e.sis Publications

We present an extension to Jaynes’ maximum entropy principle that incorporates latent variables. The principle of latent maximum entropy we propose is different from both Jaynes’ maximum entropy principle and maximum likelihood estimation, but can yield better estimates in the presence of hidden variables and limited training data. We first show that solving for a latent maximum entropy model poses a hard nonlinear constrained optimization problem in general. However, we then show that feasible solutions to this problem can be obtained efficiently for the special case of log-linear models---which forms the basis for an efficient approximation to the latent maximum …

What Kind Of #Communication Is Twitter? A Psycholinguistic Perspective On Communication In Twitter For The Purpose Of Emergency Coordination, Hemant Purohit, Andrew Hampton, Valerie L. Shalin, Amit P. Sheth, John Flach

Kno.e.sis Publications

The present research aims to detect coordinated citizen response within social media traffic to assist emergency response. We use domain-independent linguistic properties as the first step in narrowing the candidate set of messages for domain-dependent and computationally intensive analysis.

Supporting Preemptive Task Executions And Memory Copies In Gpgpus, Kyoung-Don Kang, Can Basaran

Computer Science Faculty Scholarship

GPGPUs (General Purpose Graphic Processing Units) provide massive computational power. However, applying GPGPU technology to real-time computing is challenging due to the non-preemptive nature of GPGPUs. Especially, a job running in a GPGPU or a data copy between a GPGPU and CPU is non-preemptive. As a result, a high priority job arriving in the middle of a low priority job execution or memory copy suffers from priority inversion. To address the problem, we present a new lightweight approach to supporting preemptive memory copies and job executions in GPGPUs. Moreover, in our approach, a GPGPU job and memory copy between a …

Membership Functions Or Alpha-Cuts? Algorithmic (Constructivist) Analysis Justifies An Interval Approach, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In his pioneering papers, Igor Zaslavsky started an algorithmic (constructivist) analysis of fuzzy logic. In this paper, we extend this analysis to fuzzy mathematics and fuzzy data processing. Specifically, we show that the two mathematically equivalent representations of a fuzzy number -- by a membership function and by alpha-cuts -- are not algorithmically equivalent, and only the alpha-cut representation enables us to efficiently process fuzzy data.

Evaluation And Assessment Of Recommenders Using Monte Carlo Simulation, Renato Costa, Luiz Fernando Capretz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

There have been various definitions, representations and derivations of trust in the context of recommender systems. This article presents a recommender predictive model based on collaborative filtering techniques that incorporate a fuzzy-driven quantifier, which includes two upmost relevant social phenomena parameters to address the vagueness inherent in the assessment of trust in social networks relationships. An experimental evaluation procedure utilizing a case study is conducted to analyze the overall predictive accuracy. These results show that the proposed methodology improves the performance of classical recommender approaches. Possible extensions are then outlined.

A Fuzzy-Based Inference Mechanism Of Trust For Improved Social Recommenders, Renato Costa, Luiz Fernando Capretz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

This paper presents a stochastic model based on Monte Carlo simulation techniques for measuring the performance of recommenders. A general procedure to assess the accuracy of recommendation predictions is presented and implemented in a typical case study where input parameters are treated as random values and recommender errors are estimated using sensitive analysis. The results obtained are presented and a new perspective to the evaluation and assessment of recommender systems is discussed.

Interval Or Moments: Which Carry More Information?, Michael Beer, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, we do not have enough observations to uniquely determine the corresponding probability distribution, we only have enough observations to estimate two parameters of this distribution. In such cases, the traditional statistical approach is to estimate the mean and the standard deviation. Alternatively, we can estimate the two bounds that form the range of the corresponding variable and thus, generate an interval. Which of these two approaches should we select? A natural idea is to select the most informative approach, i.e., an approach in which we need the smallest amount of additional information (in Shannon's sense) to …

Initial Design Of A Multimodal Collaborative Mobile Application For Real Time Decision Making, Gregory M. Burnett, Thomas Wischgoll, Victor Finomore, Candace Washington

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Mobile devices, smartphones and tablets, are continually expanding their computational performance capabilities through improved processing, interconnectivity network abilities, resource management and ease of use user interfaces. As such they are gaining interestas a means tosupport on-the-move remote collaboration for military personnel executing real time decision making tasks. This paper focuses on a software-based implementation of a prototype multimodal Android application that was designed to capture and disseminate real time battlefield perspectives to distributed entities. Moreover the mobile application enables remote experts to interactively collaborate through multimodal functionality to provide directives to the mobile userthat should be applied to the local …

Administrimi I Bazave Relacionale Të Të Dhënave: Një Studim Krahasues Mes Ms Sql Server 2008 Vs Oracle 11g, Dren Kada

Theses and Dissertations

Duke ditur rendësin madhore që kanë sistemet Relacionale të bazave të dhënave për gjithë industrinë e IT-se, është i nevojshëm një studim krahasues do të analizonte dy lojtarë më të mëdhenj dhe më të rëndësishëm në tregun botorë të këtij sektori të industrinë në IT. Kjo analizë do të tregonte trandet e zhvillimeve të sistemeve Relacionale te bazës së të dhënave dhe rekomandojë sferat teknike dhe jo teknike ku dominon njëra apo tjetri sistem. Konkretisht për shkak se shumica e sistemeve në botë kanë njërën nga këto dy sistemi MS SQL Serverin nga Microsoft apo Oracle, për krahasime të detajuar …

Implementing Network Security At Layer 2 And Layer 3 Osi Model, Luan Gashi

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigated the features of security devices that would be suitable for implementations in medium to large enterprise networks at the global scale. In the thesis are covered open standard and proprietary security features. The open standard security features that are discussed in the report are the one that are developed by Internet Engineering Task Force – IETF and described in their Request For Comments – RFC. The proprietary features discussed in this report are from Cisco Systems and these features are always implemented in the Cisco Systems equipment. The author at the beginning describes common vulnerabilities, threats and …

Ophthalmology Product Sale And Management System (Opsms), Qëndresa Hajdari

Theses and Dissertations

Një ndër konceptet themelore në zhvillimin e zgjidhjeve të sotme është gjithashtu aplikacioni për menaxhim te punëve pa të cilën do të jetë shumë e vështirë zgjidhja e disa problemeve ku do të kishim të bënim me më shumë të dhëna, apo zgjidhjet që janë shumë të komplikuara në menaxhimin dhe organizimin e atyre të dhënave. Këto zgjidhje na bëjnë të mendojmë në rrethinën e menaxhimit të këtyre aplikacioneve. Të gjitha kodimet dhe energjia që shpenzohet në drejtim të zhvillimit efikas të aplikacioneve, do të ishin të parëndësishëm nëse shfrytëzuesit nuk do të ishin në gjendje të qaseshin me efikasitet …

Exploring The Impact Of Knowledge And Social Environment On Influenza Prevention And Transmission In Midwestern United States High School Students, William L. Romine, Tanvi Banerjee, William S. Barrow, William R. Folk

Kno.e.sis Publications

We used data from a convenience sample of 410 Midwestern United States students from six secondary schools to develop parsimonious models for explaining and predicting precautions and illness related to influenza. Scores for knowledge and perceptions were obtained using two-parameter Item Response Theory (IRT) models. Relationships between outcome variables and predictors were verified using Pearson and Spearman correlations, and nested [student within school] fixed effects multinomial logistic regression models were specified from these using Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC). Neural network models were then formulated as classifiers using 10-fold cross validation to predict precautions and illness. Perceived barriers against taking precautions …

A Survey Of Mobile Computing Security Issues And Possible Solutions, Glenn Kimpell

All Capstone Projects

This project reviews security issues with mobile devices and offers possible solutions from Internet sources. (supplied by OPUS staff)

A Multi-Paradigm Modeling Framework For Modeling And Simulating Problem Situations, Christopher James Lynch

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Problem situations are problems whose specifications are not universally agreed upon making them a challenge to be modeled and simulated. Models of problem situations depart from the premise of well-defined problems, problems where stakeholders disagree, but also modelers' interpretations play a role in their design and computer implementation.

This thesis proposes a multi-paradigm modeling framework for modeling and simulating problem situations in order to explore the problem space of the problem situations and answer specific modeling questions.

The proposed framework implements the Modeling and Simulation (M&S) System Development Framework (MS-SDF), which is a methodology for modeling a problem situation while …

Friend: A Cyber-Physical System For Traffic Flow Related Information Aggregation And Dissemination, Samy S. El-Tawab

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The major contribution of this thesis is to lay the theoretical foundations of FRIEND — A cyber-physical system for traffic Flow-Related Information aggrEgatioN and Dissemination. By integrating resources and capabilities at the nexus between the cyber and physical worlds, FRIEND will contribute to aggregating traffic flow data collected by the huge fleet of vehicles on our roads into a comprehensive, near real-time synopsis of traffic flow conditions. We anticipate providing drivers with a meaningful, color-coded, at-a-glance view of flow conditions ahead, alerting them to congested traffic.

FRIEND can be used to provide accurate information about traffic flow and can be …

Privacy-Preserving Screen Capture: Closing The Loop For Medical Informatics Usability, Joseph Cooley, Sean Smith

Computer Science Technical Reports

As information technology permeates healthcare (particularly provider-facing systems), maximizing system effectiveness requires the ability to document and analyze tricky or troublesome usage scenarios. However, real-world medical applications are typically replete with privacy-sensitive data regarding patients, diagnoses, clinicians, and EMR user interface details; any instrumentation for screen capture (capturing and recording the scenario depicted on the screen) needs to respect these privacy constraints. Furthermore, real-world medical informatics systems are typically composed of modules from many sources, mission-critical and often closed-source; any instrumentation for screen capture cannot rely on access to structured output or software internals. In this paper, we present a …