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2019

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Articles 781 - 810 of 1773

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Novel Fuel-Producing Fungi And Methodologies For Increasing Fuel Production, Yuemin Wang Kovaleff May 2019

Novel Fuel-Producing Fungi And Methodologies For Increasing Fuel Production, Yuemin Wang Kovaleff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An endophytic fungus Hypoxylon sp. (BS15) has recently been isolated and found to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have potential relevance as hydrocarbon fuels. In the work described here, the traditional refined carbohydrate (e.g., sucrose) diet source was replaced by simple sugars produced using a solvent free green chemistry mechanocatalytic method involving ball milling in the solid. BS15 is able to grow on this degraded cellulose as well as the more traditional potato dextrose broth. The volatile compounds produced from both media were largely the same. Unfortunately, it is observed that long term in vitro growth of BS15 results …

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Synthetic Design And Characterization Of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds In Molecular And Extended System, Gavin Pour May 2019

Synthetic Design And Characterization Of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds In Molecular And Extended System, Gavin Pour

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The work presented herein focuses on the synthesis and characterization of polycyclic aromatic compounds for a wide variety of toxicological, analytical, and electronic applications. First, the modular synthesis of 12 dibenzo- and naphtho- fluoranthene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via a Pd-catalyzed five-membered ring closing procedure is discussed. By understanding the various modes through which the Pd migrates during transformation, structural rearrangements were bypassed, obtaining regioselectivity through various redesigns in the synthetic route. Each compound in the serious was rigorously characterized via 1D/2D NMR, absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry, which shows vast differences due to small structural …

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Spontaneous Advent Of Genetic Diversity In Rna Populations Through Multiple Recombination Mechanisms, Benedict A. Smail, Bryce E. Clifton, Ryo Mizuuchi, Niles Lehman May 2019

Spontaneous Advent Of Genetic Diversity In Rna Populations Through Multiple Recombination Mechanisms, Benedict A. Smail, Bryce E. Clifton, Ryo Mizuuchi, Niles Lehman

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

There are several plausible abiotic synthetic routes from prebiotic chemical materials to ribonucleotides and even short RNA oligomers. However, for refinement of the RNA World hypothesis to help explain the origins of life on the Earth, there needs to be a manner by which such oligomers can increase their length and expand their sequence diversity. Oligomers longer than at least 10-20 nucleotides would be needed for raw material for subsequent natural selection. Here, we explore spontaneous RNA-RNA recombination as a facile means by which such length and diversity enhancement could have been realized. Motivated by the discovery that RNA oligomers …

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Roles Of Oxygen Vacancies And Ph Induced Size Changes On Photo- And Radioluminescence Of Undoped And Eu3+-Doped La2zr2o7 Nanoparticles, Santosh K. Gupta, Maya Abdou, Jose P. Zuniga, Partha Sarathi Ghosh, Enrique Molina, Ben Xu, Mircea Chipara, Yuanbing Mao May 2019

Roles Of Oxygen Vacancies And Ph Induced Size Changes On Photo- And Radioluminescence Of Undoped And Eu3+-Doped La2zr2o7 Nanoparticles, Santosh K. Gupta, Maya Abdou, Jose P. Zuniga, Partha Sarathi Ghosh, Enrique Molina, Ben Xu, Mircea Chipara, Yuanbing Mao

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Defect, doping and particle size play important roles on the optical performance of nanophosphors. In this study, undoped La2Zr2O7 NPs (LZO) displayed multicolor emission under UV irradiation due to the presence of ionized oxygen vacancies in the band gap. In addition, we explored the effect of particle size of La2Zr2O7:Eu3+ (LZOE) NPs on their structure, surface area, photoluminescence, radioluminescence, lifetime and quantum yield. There is progressive decrease in luminescence output and quantum yield as the coprecipitation pH is raised to prepare the single-source precursors for the molten salt synthesis of the NPs. Under X-ray irradiation, the LZOE …

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Titanium Dioxide Sensitized With Porphyrin Dye As A Photocatalyst For The Degradation Of Water Pollutants, Kevin Reyes, Ivana Jovanovic May 2019

Titanium Dioxide Sensitized With Porphyrin Dye As A Photocatalyst For The Degradation Of Water Pollutants, Kevin Reyes, Ivana Jovanovic

Publications and Research

TiO2 was sensitized with a porphyrin, Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin(TCPP) and used as photocatalyst under visible light for degradation of aqueous solutions of methylene blue (MB) dye. The quantification of the degradation of MB was assessed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results of this procedure showed the decrease in concentration of MB over time when reaction is exposed to visible light. The TiO2-TCPP complex was tested as well for the recovery of metals from the AgNO3 aqueous solution. The reduction of silver cations to silver metal was observed through formation of black precipitate.

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Experimental And Computational Study On Magnetic Nanowires Of Layered Titanates, Caleb Layne Heath May 2019

Experimental And Computational Study On Magnetic Nanowires Of Layered Titanates, Caleb Layne Heath

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The intricate nanostructures of layered titanates are unique among nanomaterials due to their easy and inexpensive syntheses. These nanomaterials have been proven valuable for use in industries as varied as energy, water treatment, and healthcare, and can be produced at industrial scales using already existent equipment. They have complex morphology, and surface structure well suited to chemical modification and doping. However, there is a longstanding debate on their lattice structure after the doping. There is a long-unmet need to understand, using both experimental and simulation methods, how dopants alter the clay-like layered crystal structure and associated physical and chemical properties. …

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An Investigation Of Alkylboron Transmetallation In Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions, Benjamin Murray May 2019

An Investigation Of Alkylboron Transmetallation In Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions, Benjamin Murray

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Through the past 40 years, carbon-carbon cross-coupling reactions have greatly enhanced the ability of chemists to synthesize C(sp2)-C(sp2) bonds and more recently C(sp2)-C(sp3) bonds. In particular, the Suzuki reaction has proven to be invaluable with its high yields, good functional group tolerance, and low toxicity of reagents. One of the component steps of the catalytic cycle of this reaction is transmetallation, in which the nucleophilic species transfers its organic component to the metal center (generally palladium). The mechanism of transfer from primary alkylboron nucleophiles was studied in the 1990's via use of …

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Bridging The Molecular/Material Divide: An Investigation Into The Properties Of Polyesters, Terra Marie M. Jouaneh May 2019

Bridging The Molecular/Material Divide: An Investigation Into The Properties Of Polyesters, Terra Marie M. Jouaneh

Senior Honors Projects

By definition, polymers consist of large molecules composed of small, repeating units called monomers. These monomers give characteristic material properties to polymers, whether they be the melting point, the folding character, or the inherent stability. Many of the objects we encounter on a daily basis are composed of polymers. These polymers may be synthetic, such as the plastic in disposable bags, or natural, like glycogen in the liver. Recent developments in biotechnology have used synthetic polymers in drug delivery, contact lenses, and even organ transplants. Polyesters, in particular, have been utilized pharmacologically due to their biodegradable properties. Understandably, not all …

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Visible Light-Triggered Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules, Marina Popova May 2019

Visible Light-Triggered Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules, Marina Popova

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Carbon monoxide (CO) is now well established as one of the signaling molecules in higher organisms, including humans. Due to its physiological roles, CO is now accepted as a potential therapeutic agent. The use of CO gas has been studied in multiple clinical trials. Vasodilation, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and cytoprotective effects are just a few of the pharmacological actions attributed to CO gas in various models of diseases. Use of inhaled CO gas as a therapeutic has many limitations which necessitate the development of a new approach for CO delivery. In order to handle CO safely, compounds that release CO …

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Synthesis Of Photoactive Molecules And Silicon Containing Compounds, Mozhgan Navidi May 2019

Synthesis Of Photoactive Molecules And Silicon Containing Compounds, Mozhgan Navidi

Theses and Dissertations

Retinoids are a class of synthetic and natural molecules that are functionally and structurally related to Vitamin A. They have various biological roles and potential therapeutic values. Providing treatment for eye diseases requires more detailed understanding of the visual process. However, investigating every aspect of the visual phenomenon is constrained by the difficulties involved in the synthesis of pure retinoids with the desired stereochemistry. Therefore, developing a suitable and valuable synthetic route for 11-cis-retinal and its analogues is highly desirable. The first chapter of this dissertation explains new synthetic pathways for 11-cisretinal. In addition, the total synthesis of stereoselectively deuterium-labeled …

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Photocleavable Endogenous And Exogenous Molecules, Charitha Madhusanka Guruge May 2019

Photocleavable Endogenous And Exogenous Molecules, Charitha Madhusanka Guruge

Theses and Dissertations

The spatiotemporal regulation of biomolecules in their physiological environment is an essential aspect of biological research. In neuroscience, the activity of neurotransmitters can be regulated by protecting the molecules with photoresponsive protecting groups (PPGs), also known as cages. Diverse set of PPGs have been developed for caging of biomolecules. PPGs can be categorized based on their absorbing wavelengths (ranging from UV to near-IR) and photochemical properties (quantum yield, photo-cross section, solubility). PPGs absorb light and undergo intramolecular electron transitions and bond rearrangements that result in the release of the caged substrates. Hence, the caging of a specific substrate is unique …

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A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, Alex E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, Joshua Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, Naresh Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, Xiaodan Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, Jason D. Azoulay May 2019

A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, Alex E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, Joshua Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, Naresh Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, Xiaodan Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, Jason D. Azoulay

Faculty Publications

Interest in high-spin organic materials is driven by opportunities to enable far-reaching fundamental science and develop technologies that integrate light element spin, magnetic, and quantum functionalities. Although extensively studied, the intrinsic instability of these materials complicates synthesis and precludes an understanding of how fundamental properties associated with the nature of the chemical bond and electron pairing in organic materials systems manifest in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a conjugated polymer semiconductor, based on alternating cyclopentadithiophene and thiadiazoloquinoxaline units, that is a ground-state triplet in its neutral form. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements are consistent with a high-to-low spin …

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Kinetic Study Of Silver Nanoparticle Formation, Steven A. Diaz Apr 2019

Kinetic Study Of Silver Nanoparticle Formation, Steven A. Diaz

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

With the increased use of silver nanoparticles in modern day applications, kinetic information on the mechanism of their formation is useful for further studies on its reactivity in a biological environment. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using a modified Turkevich method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The data obtained were plotted as a function of time, and rate constants for the nucleation (k1) and autocatalytic surface growth (k2) were extracted. Comparing the k1 (~10-3) and k2 (~10-1) values supports a two-step mechanism of slow nucleation and fast autocatalytic …

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Influence Of Monomer Deformation On The Competition Between Two Types Of Σ-Holes In Tetrel Bonds, Rafal Wysokiński, Mariusz Michalczyk, Wiktor Zierkiewicz, Steve Scheiner Apr 2019

Influence Of Monomer Deformation On The Competition Between Two Types Of Σ-Holes In Tetrel Bonds, Rafal Wysokiński, Mariusz Michalczyk, Wiktor Zierkiewicz, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

One of several tetrel (T) atoms was covalently attached to three F atoms and a substituted phenyl ring. A NH3 base can form a tetrel bond with TF3C6H2R3(T = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = H, F, CH3) in a position opposite either an F atom or the ring. The σ-hole opposite the highly electron-withdrawing F (T-F) is more intense than that opposite the ring (T-C). However, when the Lewis base deforms from a tetrahedral to a trigonal bipyramidal shape so as to accommodate the base, it is the T-C σ-hole that is more intense. Accordingly, it is the T-C …

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Red-Shifting Mutation Of Light-Driven Sodium-Pump Rhodopsin, Keiichi Inoue, María Del Carmen Marín, Sahoko Tomida, Ryoko Nakamura, Yuta Nakajima, Massimo Olivucci, Hideki Kandori Apr 2019

Red-Shifting Mutation Of Light-Driven Sodium-Pump Rhodopsin, Keiichi Inoue, María Del Carmen Marín, Sahoko Tomida, Ryoko Nakamura, Yuta Nakajima, Massimo Olivucci, Hideki Kandori

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Microbial rhodopsins are photoreceptive membrane proteins that transport various ions using light energy. While they are widely used in optogenetics to optically control neuronal activity, rhodopsins that function with longer-wavelength light are highly demanded because of their low phototoxicity and high tissue penetration. Here, we achieve a 40-nm red-shift in the absorption wavelength of a sodium-pump rhodopsin (KR2) by altering dipole moment of residues around the retinal chromophore (KR2 P219T/S254A) without impairing its ion-transport activity. Structural differences in the chromophore of the red-shifted protein from that of the wildtype are observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. QM/MM models generated with …

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Multiple Local Σ-Aromaticity Of Nonagermanide Clusters, Nikolay V. Tkachenko, Alexander I. Boldyrev Apr 2019

Multiple Local Σ-Aromaticity Of Nonagermanide Clusters, Nikolay V. Tkachenko, Alexander I. Boldyrev

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Nonagermanide clusters are widely used in inorganic synthesis and are actively studied by experimentalists and theoreticians. However, chemical bonding of such versatile species is still not completely understood. In our work we deciphered a bonding pattern for various experimentally obtained nonagermanide species. We localized the electron density via the AdNDP algorithm for the model structures ([Ge9]4−, [Ge9{P(NH2)2}3]−, Cu[Ge9{P(NH2)2}3] and Cu(NHC)[Ge9{P(NH2)2}3]) and obtained a simple and chemically intuitive bonding pattern which …

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Generalizing Metallocene Mechanochemistry To Ruthenocene Mechanophores, Ye Sha, Yudi Zhang, Enhua Xu, C Wayne Mcalister, Tianyu Zhu, Stephen L. Craig, Chuanbing Tang Apr 2019

Generalizing Metallocene Mechanochemistry To Ruthenocene Mechanophores, Ye Sha, Yudi Zhang, Enhua Xu, C Wayne Mcalister, Tianyu Zhu, Stephen L. Craig, Chuanbing Tang

Faculty Publications

Recent reports have shown that ferrocene displays an unexpected combination of force-free stability and mechanochemical activity, as it acts as the preferred site of chain scission along the backbone of highly extended polymer chains. This observation raises the tantalizing question as to whether similar mechanochemical activity might be present in other metallocenes, and, if so, what features of metallocenes dictate their relative ability to act as mechanophores. In this work, we elucidate polymerization methodologies towards main-chain ruthenocene-based polymers and explore the mechanochemistry of ruthenocene. We find that ruthenocene, in analogy to ferrocene, acts as a highly selective site of main …

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Synthesis And Application Of A Magnetic Nanoparticle Based Nano-Complex For Targeted Cell Death In Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells, Matthew Tovar Apr 2019

Synthesis And Application Of A Magnetic Nanoparticle Based Nano-Complex For Targeted Cell Death In Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells, Matthew Tovar

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

In the last ten years, there has been little advancement in the treatment of the aggressive brain cancer Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). This work describes the synthesis of a superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION)-based nanotheraputic complex for use in targeting and killing aggressive mesenchymal GBM cells. The average sizes (and therefore magnetic properties) of the synthesized SPIONs are precisely tailored via a novel time-controlled approach utilizing a previously described electrochemical reaction. Through this synthetic method, the optimal particle size (OPS) where maximal thermal energy is released upon stimulation with an external magnetic field was determined to be 21 nm. The nano-complex was …

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Electrochemical Analysis And Sensing Preface, Yi-Tao Long, Yang Tian Apr 2019

Electrochemical Analysis And Sensing Preface, Yi-Tao Long, Yang Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy- Surface Sensitive In Situ Label-Free Spectroelectrochemistry, Lie Wu, Jian-Long Sun, Xiu-E Jiang Apr 2019

Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy- Surface Sensitive In Situ Label-Free Spectroelectrochemistry, Lie Wu, Jian-Long Sun, Xiu-E Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS), especially in attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode, taking advantages of surface-enhancement and near-field optical effect of enhancing substrate, is a ultra-sensitive infrared spectroscopy, which could achieve surface-selected detection at a sub-monolayer level. Since the enhancing substrate could simultaneously serve as a working electrode, ATR-SEIRAS is a readily surface-sensitive in situ label-free spectroelectrochemistry technique. With the advantages of small influence from metal species on enhancement effect, good potential reversibility of spectra, simple surface selection rule and sensitivity to polar molecules, ATR-SEIRAS has been widely applied in the fields of orientation analysis and species identification of interfacial …

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High-Efficiency Nitrite Sensor Based On Cop Nanowire Array, Fu-Ling Zhou, Xiao-Li Xiong, Xu-Ping Sun Apr 2019

High-Efficiency Nitrite Sensor Based On Cop Nanowire Array, Fu-Ling Zhou, Xiao-Li Xiong, Xu-Ping Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nitrite has a negative impact on the environment and human health. The long-term consumption of nitrite-containing foods has a carcinogenic risk. Therefore, the analysis and detection of nitrite are important. It is of great significance to develop high-efficiency electrocatalysts to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity for nitrite detection. The cobalt phosphide nano-array (CoP/TM) was obtained by hydrothermal and low-temperature phosphating. The electrochemical test results show that the constructed CoP/TM was a highly efficient electrochemical reduction nitrite catalyst with the excellent sensing performance and response time less than 3 s, as well as the linear detection range of 1.0 μmol·L-1 …

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Preparation And Capacitive Property Of Two-Dimensional Multilayer Ti3C2TX-Mxene/Ppy-Nw Composite Material, Lu Chen, Xuan Jian, Min He, Mi-Mi Zhang, Xiao-Die Chen, Lou-Jun Gao, Zhen-Hai Liang Apr 2019

Preparation And Capacitive Property Of Two-Dimensional Multilayer Ti3C2TX-Mxene/Ppy-Nw Composite Material, Lu Chen, Xuan Jian, Min He, Mi-Mi Zhang, Xiao-Die Chen, Lou-Jun Gao, Zhen-Hai Liang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, the two-dimensional multilayered Ti3C2Tx-MXene was obtained by hydrofluoric acid etching method on the bulk phase material MAX(Ti3AlC2) substrate. The two-dimensional multilayered Ti3C2Tx-MXene/PPy-NW composite electrode materials were successfully prepared by combining the one-dimensional polypyrrole nanowires (PPy-NW) with two-dimensional multilayered Ti3C2Tx-MXene. The morphologies and compositions of the synthetic materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical tests showed that Ti3C2 …

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Analysis Of Western African Textiles Through Analytical Methods, Kathryn L. Dodds Apr 2019

Analysis Of Western African Textiles Through Analytical Methods, Kathryn L. Dodds

Undergraduate Distinction Papers

A technical art analysis of select objects (88.04, 73.02, 70.07, and 86.01) from the Western African collection at the Frank Museum of Art at Otterbein University (Westerville, Ohio) was executed. Since little is known about the materials used in the Western African collection, the characterization of the surface may help better understand the historical aspects and origins of the objects. In order to identify pigments, binding materials, and dyes on the object’s surface a multi-pronged approach was implemented, including x-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), widefield fluorescence microscopy (WFM), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Object 88.04 …

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Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Probes (Lmfps) To Detect The Group 12 Metal Triad, Ashley D. Johnson, Rose M. Curtis, Karl J. Wallace Apr 2019

Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Probes (Lmfps) To Detect The Group 12 Metal Triad, Ashley D. Johnson, Rose M. Curtis, Karl J. Wallace

Faculty Publications

Fluorescence sensing, of d-block elements such as Cu2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+ has significantly increased since the beginning of the 21st century. These particular metal ions play essential roles in biological, industrial, and environmental applications, therefore, there has been a drive to measure, detect, and remediate these metal ions. We have chosen to highlight the low molecular weight fluorescent probes (LMFPs) that undergo an optical response upon coordination with the group 12 triad (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+), as these metals have …

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In Situ/Operando Visualization Of Electrode Processes In Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: A Review, Shuang-Yan Lang, Xin-Cheng Hu, Rui Wen, Li-Jun Wan Apr 2019

In Situ/Operando Visualization Of Electrode Processes In Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: A Review, Shuang-Yan Lang, Xin-Cheng Hu, Rui Wen, Li-Jun Wan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage devices. Fundamental understanding of the structure and evolution processes at electrode-electrolyte interfaces is essential to the further development. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the interfacial observations by means of various in situ/operando visualization techniques, including scanning probe microscopy (SPM), electron microscopy (EM), X-ray microscopy (XRM) and optical microscopy (OM). The real-time investigation provides important evidence for the morphology and component changes including S/Li2S transformation, polysulfide dissolution on cathodes and Li/solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) evolution on anodes, which …

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Advanced Electrochemical Strategy For In Vivo Detection Of Electrochemically Inactive Molecules, Qi Zhou, Li-Min Zhang, Yang Tian Apr 2019

Advanced Electrochemical Strategy For In Vivo Detection Of Electrochemically Inactive Molecules, Qi Zhou, Li-Min Zhang, Yang Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Development of efficient electrochemical strategies for in vivo analysis of electrochemically inactive molecules in brain is significant for understanding and studying their molecular mechanism and roles playing in brain and brain diseases. This review gives a brief introduction on the advanced in vivo electrochemical sensor for detection of non-redox active molecules from three aspects: 1) The selection and design of specific molecules are highly desirable to develop electrochemical sensors with high selectivity for measuring electrochemical inactive molecules through converting specific chemical reaction involved by target to electric signal; 2) The analysis based on ion current rectification occurred at spatial confined …

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Recent Progress Of Electrochemiluminescence Sensors Based On Electrically Heated Electrode, Hui-Fang Zhang, Yi-Ting Chen, Fang Luo, Zhen-Yu Lin, Guo-Nan Chen Apr 2019

Recent Progress Of Electrochemiluminescence Sensors Based On Electrically Heated Electrode, Hui-Fang Zhang, Yi-Ting Chen, Fang Luo, Zhen-Yu Lin, Guo-Nan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has broad application in the fields of environmental monitoring and biological analysis due to its intrinsic advantages such as excellent versatility, good detection sensitivity, and high specificity. The intensity of ECL can be influenced by temperature variation in the ECL quantum efficiency and the rate of electrochemical reaction. However, traditional temperature control is commonly realized through bulk solutions heating, which is complicated and unfavorable for detection when the volatile and thermally unstable materials existed. In order to address these problems, electrically heated electrodes are used to adjust the temperature desired. The major character of this technique lies in …

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Application Of Nanomaterials In The Detection Of Volatile Organic Compounds In Exhaled Breath For Cancer Diagnosis, Wan-Qiao Bai, Xue-Zhi Qiao, Tie Wang Apr 2019

Application Of Nanomaterials In The Detection Of Volatile Organic Compounds In Exhaled Breath For Cancer Diagnosis, Wan-Qiao Bai, Xue-Zhi Qiao, Tie Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated in human body can reflect one’s health state, and numerous diseases are identified by some VOCs biomarkers. More recently, analyses of VOCs biomarkers from exhaled breath have turned into a research frontier worldwide because it offers a noninvasive way for diseases diagnosis. Various kinds of nanomaterials are used to enhance the performance of sensing techniques, and play an essential role in miniaturization detection. In this review, several kinds of nanomaterials (metallic, metal oxide, carbon-based, composites and MOFs-based materials) used in various VOCs detection methods, especially in VOCs sensors are summarized. Learning from the successful utilization …

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Sensitive And Reusable Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Aptasensor Fabricated By Electrochemically Double Covalent Coupling Method For The Detection Of Cocaine, Xiao-Feia Wang, Tinga Zhang, Bing Wang, Hong-Lan Qi, Cheng-Xiao Zhang Apr 2019

Sensitive And Reusable Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Aptasensor Fabricated By Electrochemically Double Covalent Coupling Method For The Detection Of Cocaine, Xiao-Feia Wang, Tinga Zhang, Bing Wang, Hong-Lan Qi, Cheng-Xiao Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A double covalent coupling method based on click chemistry and diazonium chemistry was developed for the fabrication of a sensitive and reusable electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor. As a proof-of-concept, cocaine was chosen as a model target, and a specific aptamer was chosen as a recognition molecule element, while ruthenium complex derivative (Ru1) as an ECL signal compound. The ECL aptasensor was fabricated by electrochemically diazotizing a phenylazide on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode, and then, coupling the alkyne functionalized Ru1-labeled cocaine aptamer through click chemistry. The ECL aptasensor was facilely used to determine cocaine in the range from …

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Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Assay Of Nucleic Acids Based On Catalytic Hairpin Assembly And Ru(Nh3)63+, Ya-Min Fu, Xiao-Xia Yan, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jin-Hua Chen Apr 2019

Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Assay Of Nucleic Acids Based On Catalytic Hairpin Assembly And Ru(Nh3)63+, Ya-Min Fu, Xiao-Xia Yan, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jin-Hua Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

A simple “signal-on” photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing platform for sensitive assay of nucleic acids was developed by coupling catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) signal amplification strategy with Ru(NH3)63+. Herein, cadmium sulfide (CdS) was deposited on the TiO2/indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode by a method of successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), serving as one kind of photoelectric material to broaden absorption range of TiO2 and to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Thereafter, the capture DNA (C-DNA) was immobilized on the CdS/TiO2/ITO electrode. Simultaneously, Au-hairpin DNA probe 1 (Au-HP1) and hairpin DNA …

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