Chemistry Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Kinetics And Equilibrium Chemistry Of Cold-Brew Coffee: Caffeine And Chlorogenic Acid Concentrations As A Function Of Roasting Temperature And Grind Size, Niny Z. Rao, Phd, Megan Fuller, Phd, Nicholas Parenti, Samantha Ryder, Nelly Setchie Tchato

CSHLA Scholar Day

Abstract:

Recently, both small and large commercial coffee brewers have begun offering cold-brew coffee drinks to customers with the claims that these cold-water extracts contain fewer bitter acids due to brewing conditions (Toddy website, 2016) while still retaining the flavor profile. Dunkin Donuts’ website suggests that the cold-water and long brewing times allow the coffee to reach “... its purest form.” With very little research existent on the chemistry of cold brew coffee consumers are left to the marketing strategies of Starbucks and other companies regarding the contents of cold-brew coffee. This research analyzes the caffeine and chlorogenic acid (3-CGA) …

Relative Importance Of Black Carbon, Brown Carbon, And Absorption Enhancement From Clear Coatings In Biomass Burning Emissions, Rudra P. Pokhrel, Eric R. Beamesderfer, Nick L. Wagner, Justin M. Langridge, Daniel A. Lack, Thilina Jayarathne, Elizabeth A. Stone, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Robert J. Yokelson, Shane M. Murphy

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

A wide range of globally significant biomass fuels were burned during the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4). A multi-channel photoacoustic absorption spectrometer (PAS) measured dry absorption at 405, 532, and 660 nm and thermally denuded (250 °C) absorption at 405 and 660 nm. Absorption coefficients were broken into contributions from black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), and lensing following three different methodologies, with one extreme being a method that assumes the thermal denuder effectively removes organics and the other extreme being a method based on the assumption that black carbon (BC) has an Ångström exponent of unity. The …

2017 Petersheim Academic Exposition Schedule Of Events, Seton Hall University

Petersheim Academic Exposition

2017 Petersheim Academic Exposition

Developing Luminescent Lanthanide Coordination Polymers And Metal-Organic Frameworks For Bioimaging Applications, Aida Gonzalez, Xiu Mei-Chu, Kathryn A. Pitton, Ryan Crichton, Jeffrey D. Einkauf

Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles

This study focuses on the solvothermal synthesis of two lanthanide-based coordination polymer/metal-organic framework systems assembled from 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) in the nano-sized regime for use as bioimaging agents. These materials were synthesized using two different lanthanide ions, a luminescent center (Eu, Tb) for optical imaging purposes and Gd, whose magnetic properties are particularly beneficial in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as
a contrast agent. Together, these two features allow for multimodal imaging, useful in the study and diagnosis of disease. Under identical reaction conditions, two different compounds were formed upon changing the identity of the optically active lanthanide metal ion. Compound …

Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers With A Bodipy-Based Backbone And Uses Thereof, Haiying Liu

Michigan Tech Patents

The present invention provides various fluorescent conjugated polymers with a BODIPY-based backbone. The invention also provides methods of using the polymers of the invention, such as for imaging and detection of cells, tumors, bacteria and viruses.

Analyzing The Kinetics Of A Bromophenol Blue Fading Reaction In Basic Conditions For An Undergraduate Lab, Zeljka Popovic

Georgia College Student Research Events

Bromophenol blue is a common pH indicator and dye used in many different industries. Once a solution of bromophenol blue is placed in a concentrated basic solution, the color fades from a blue/violet color to clear solution with a pH of 4.6 or greater. The rate law of the reaction is analyzed through the use of a small footprint visible-near-infrared spectrometer (Vis-NIR) with a diode array detector. An absorbance wavelength of 590 nm as a function of time was collected using Ocean Optics OceanView software. The results contained in the data collection file are exported to a spreadsheet for further …

Kinetics Of Crystal Violet Color Fading Via A Small Footprint Diode Array Spectrometer, Paige Lott

Georgia College Student Research Events

Crystal violet is a pH indicator and is commonly used to classify bacteria. In acidic solutions, crystal violet is yellow in color and at approximately the pH of 1.6, it transitions to a violet color. Over time, this violet color fades as it reacts with the CO 2 in the air until it is clear. A small footprint visible-near- infrared spectrometer (Vis-NIR) with diode array detector was employed in this investigation. Using the software that operates the spectrometer, the absorbance of crystal violet solutions can be measured at 585 nm at high concentrations of base as a function of time. …

Rebecca Roesner, 2017 Dougan Award Presentation, Brian Brennan, Iwu Chapter Of The Aaup, Illinois Wesleyan University

Dougan Award Winners

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Efficacy Of Recommended Antiseptics For Killing Bacterial Growth In Neonatal Blue Bulb Syringes: Addressing A Clinical Issue, Linda A. Hanson

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of N-Polydentate Copper(Ii)-Alkylperoxo Complexes, Bruce Pella

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

A Phosphine-Based Heterotrimetallic (M = Fe, Ru, W) Homo-Polymer, Amir Rabiee Kenaree, Joe Gilroy

Chemistry Publications

An organometallic homopolymer containing three different metals per repeating unit was synthesized from an air- and moisture-stable secondary phosphine bearing ethylferrocene and ethylruthenocene groups. Hydrophosphination yielded a tertiary phosphine bearing an alcohol, which was then used to introduce a polymerizable styrene group via DCC coupling. Free-radical polymerization, followed by post-polymerization coordination to photogenerated W(CO)₅ units yielded the title polymer, which showed thermal, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties associated with each of the transition metals involved.

Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of A Phosphine-Based Heterotrimetallic (M = Fe, Ru, W) Homopolymer, Joe Gilroy, Amir Rabiee Kenaree

Chemistry Publications

An organometallic homopolymer containing three different metals per repeating unit was synthesized from an air- and moisture-stable secondary phosphine bearing ethylferrocene and ethylruthenocene groups. Hydrophosphination yielded a tertiary phosphine bearing an alcohol, which was then used to introduce a polymerizable styrene group via DCC coupling. Free-radical polymerization, followed by post-polymerization coordination to photogenerated W(CO)₅ units yielded the title polymer, which showed thermal, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties associated with each of the transition metals involved.

Enediyne Derived Conjugated Polymers, Keda Hu

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The advance of conjugated polymers (CPs) is largely relied on the development of new polymerization methods, the discovery of novel polymers that possess unique chemical and physical properties, and understanding of their structure-property relationship. We have employed a set of trans-enediynes (trans-EDYs) for the preparation of four series of CPs, polydiacetylenes (PDAs), platinum-segmented PDAs, polytriacetylenes (PTAs) and boron doped polyacetylenes (BPAs). The resulting polymers displayed interesting optical and electrochemical properties which could be fine-tuned by the attachment of various side chains on the EDY moieties. We have applied acyclic EDY metathesis for the synthesis of PDAs, a class of CPs …

Functional Photosystem I Maintains Proper Energy Balance During Nitrogen Depletion In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Promoting Triacylglycerol Accumulation, Mahmoud Gargouri, Philip D. Bates, Jeong-Jin Park, Helmut Kirchhoff, David R. Gang

Faculty Publications

Background

Nutrient deprivation causes significant stress to the unicellular microalga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which responds by significantly altering its metabolic program. Following N deprivation, the accumulation of starch and triacylglycerols (TAGs) is significantly altered following massive reprogramming of cellular metabolism. One protein that was found to change dramatically and early to this stress was TAB2, a photosystem I (PSI) translation initiation factor, whose transcript and protein levels increased significantly after only 30 min of N deprivation. A detailed physiological and omics-based analysis of an insertional mutant of Chlamydomonas with reduced TAB2 function was conducted to determine what role the functional …

Physiological Effects Of Five Different Marine Natural Organic Matters (Noms) And Three Different Metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) On Early Life Stages Of The Blue Mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis), Lygia Sega Nogueira, Adalto Bianchini, Scott Smith, Marianna Basso Jorge, Rachael L. Diamond, Chris M. Wood

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Metals are present in aquatic environments as a result of natural and anthropogenic inputs, and may induce toxicity to organisms. One of the main factors that influence this toxicity in fresh water is natural organic matter (NOM) but all NOMs are not the same in this regard. In sea water, possible protection by marine NOMs is not well understood. Thus, our study isolated marine NOMs by solid-phase extraction from five different sites and characterized them by excitation-emission fluorescence analysis—one inshore (terrigenous origin), two offshore (autochthonous origin), and two intermediate in composition (indicative of a mixed origin). The physiological effects of …

Solvation Enhances The Distinction Between Carboxylated Armchair And Zigzag Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (Swnt-Cooh), Tapas Kar, Upendra Adhikari, Steve Scheiner, Ajit K. Roy, Renato L. T. Parreira, Pedro A. De S. Bergamo, Giovanni F. Caramori, Felipe S. S. Schneider

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The effect of various solvents on the structures and properties of carboxylated SWNTs has been explored using the Same Level Different Basis Set approach (SLDB), where B3LYP functional of density functional theory (DFT) was applied. Armchair (4,4) and zigzag (8,0) and (9,0) tubes were considered as the test bed. In order to simulate varying concentration of –COOH groups, one to five acids groups were placed at one end of these tubes. These samples were placed in different solvents (namely, CS2, THF and water) with varying polarity and results were compared with gas-phase properties. Similar to the gas-phase, zigzag tubes also …

Oxidation Of Substituted Catechols At The Air-Water Interface: Production Of Carboxylic Acids, Quinones, And Polyphenols, Elizabeth A. Pillar, Marcelo I. Guzman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Anthropogenic activities contribute benzene, toluene, and anisole to the environment, which in the atmosphere are converted into the respective phenols, cresols, and methoxyphenols by fast gas-phase reaction with hydroxyl radicals (HO(•)). Further processing of the latter species by HO(•) decreases their vapor pressure as a second hydroxyl group is incorporated to accelerate their oxidative aging at interfaces and in aqueous particles. This work shows how catechol, pyrogallol, 3-methylcatechol, 4-methylcatechol, and 3-methoxycatechol (all proxies for oxygenated aromatics derived from benzene, toluene, and anisole) react at the air-water interface with increasing O3(g) during τc ≈ 1 μs contact time and contrasts their …

Effects Of Lewis Acids On The Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Reaction, Suchana Chaulagain, Samridh Gupta, Ram Mohan, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Lewis Acid Catalyzed 1,4 Hosomi-Sakurai Addition Of Allyl Groups To Chalcones And Other A, B-Unsaturated Compounds, Jack Roireau, Brian Worby, Ram Mohan, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Lewis Acid Catalyzed Synthesis Of Dihydrobenzopyrans, Ian Taylor, Ram Mohan, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Studies Into Addiction Of Grignard Reagents To Conjugated Aldehydes And Ketones, Zachary Kinney, Ram Mohan, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Annual Variation In Event-Scale Precipitation Δ 2 H At Barrow, Ak, Reflects Vapor Source Region, Annie Putman, Xiahong Feng, Leslie Sonder, Eric Posmentier

Dartmouth Scholarship

In this study, precipitation isotopic variations at Barrow, AK, USA, are linked to conditions at the moisture source region, along the transport path, and at the precipita- tion site. Seventy precipitation events between January 2009 and March 2013 were analyzed for δ2H and deuterium ex- cess. For each precipitation event, vapor source regions were identified with the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian inte- grated trajectory (HYSPLIT) air parcel tracking program in back-cast mode. The results show that the vapor source re- gion migrated annually, with the most distal (proximal) and southerly (northerly) vapor source regions occurring during the winter (summer). This may …

Germania- And Silica-Based Perfluorinated And Non-Fluorinated Sol-Gel Sorbents For Capillary Microextraction In Chromatographic Analysis, Emre Seyyal

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Sample preparation is the most time-consuming and error-prone step in chemical analysis. Miniaturization and automation of the sample preparation equipment eliminating or reducing the use of hazardous organic solvents, online hyphenation of sample preparation with analytical instruments in a cost-effective way are important factors that need to be considered to design and implement innovative sample preparation techniques and strategies. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, environmentally benign technique well suited for hyphenation with analytical instruments. However, poor coating stability is a significant drawback of SPME employing conventionally prepared coatings. This shortcoming arises from the lack of chemical bonding between the …

Exploring Student Learning In Post-Secondary General Chemistry: Novel Tools For Measuring Linked Concepts And Study Habits, Li Ye

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents novel tools to help instructors measure students linking of content knowledge and the actions students perform for studying in the context of post-secondary General Chemistry.

The first tool described in this work is Creative Exercises (CEs), an open-ended assessment that has the potential to promote students making connections across the content covered in General Chemistry. Students are given a simple prompt that describes a chemistry situation, and asked to write as many statements as they can that are correct, distinct and relevant to the prompt and the course content. The written responses to CEs from both in-class …

Sustainable Polymers: Plastics From Plants, Chris Schaller

Forum Lectures

Plastics and related soft materials are ubiquitous in today's world. This presentation takes a look at why polymers have useful properties, where they come from, and why attention has shifted toward new, biorenewable materials.

Iso-Α-Acids Degradation In Beer, Emily Whittle

Student Scholar Showcase

Iso-a-acids are one of the key components that provide bitterness to beer. Understanding the stability of beer flavor over extended period is useful to the rapidly expanding craft beer industry and to the consumer. The lupulin glands of hops (Humulus Lupulus, L.) contain three a-acids: humulone, adhumulone, and cohumulone. The a-acids are converted to six iso-a-acids upon boiling, this is the main reason for boiling wort during the brewing process. The six iso-a-acids are cis­-isohumulone, trans-isohumulone, cis-isoadhumulone, trans-isoadhumulone, cis-isocohumulone, and trans-isocohumulone. We propose that the concentration of iso-a-acids in beer will decline over time …

Spectrofluorometric Analysis Of Bisphenol-A In Drinking Water Bottles, Jeff Brochetti

Student Scholar Showcase

Spectrofluorometric Analysis of Bisphenol-A in Drinking Water Bottles

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is of environmental concern due to its ability to act as an endocrine disruptor in humans and many other animals. In the food industry, BPA is widely used in the production of plastic bottles and plastic liners in aluminum cans. Over time, trace amounts of BPA can leach from the container and into the contents inside. A new method of testing for trace amount of BPA involved the formation of an inclusion complex with ß-Cyclodextrin. With the formation of the inclusion complex, it becomes much easier to analyze low concentrations …

Modification Of An Implant Material, Emily Leung, Nina A. Reger, Ashley Blystone, Ellen S. Gawalt Phd

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

Titanium metal is a commonly used implant material which can be colonized by bacteria. Biofilms are formed when bacteria colonizes, attaches to a surface, and immobilizes. Bacterial infections or biofilms are hard to treat once formed on the surface of a metal implant. Coating the material may minimize bacteria attachment. Self-assembled monolayers are comprised of molecules that contain both a head and tail group, and can be used to coat metal to prevent biofilm formation and bacteria growth. 12-mercaptododecylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayers have a phosphonic acid head group and a thiol tail group. A solution of
12-mercaptododecylphosphonic acid in tetrahydrofuran …

A Qualitative Comparison Of General Chemistry And Advanced Placement Chemistry Students’ Misconceptions Regarding Solution Chemistry, Megan Vandersee

Annual Graduate Student Symposium

There has been much research on student misconceptions regarding the particulate nature of matter and its relation to solution chemistry (e.g. Adadan & Savasci, 2012; Calik & Ayas, 2005; Calik, Ayas, & Coll, 2009; Pinarbasi & Canpolat, 2003; K. J. Smith & Metz, 1996). However, there is a lack of information regarding student misconceptions in areas of solution chemistry such as factors affecting solubility, polarity & molecular interactions and colligative properties. This research compared the misconceptions in solution chemistry held by students who are approaching the end of an Advanced Placement (AP) chemistry course in the high school setting with …

Modification Of A Junior-Level Capstone Course To Incorporate Scientific Writing, Bradley M. Wile

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.