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2010

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Articles 661 - 690 of 950

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Preparation Of Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology (Rsm), Sadik Erdem Yalçinkaya, Nuray Yildiz, Mehmet Saçak, Ayla Çalimli Jan 2010

Preparation Of Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology (Rsm), Sadik Erdem Yalçinkaya, Nuray Yildiz, Mehmet Saçak, Ayla Çalimli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Preparation of polystyrene (PS)-montmorillonite nanocomposites was carried out in 3 steps: purification and determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay, synthesis of organoclay, and preparation of nanocomposites. In organoclay synthesis, 3 types of surfactants, long-chained (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)), short-chained (tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB)), and ringed (benzyltriethylammonium bromide (BTEAB)), were used. Gallery distances of pure clay and organoclays (CTAB-O, TEAB-O, and BTEAB-O) were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis as 1.25, 2.09, 1.52, and 1.63 nm, respectively. Preparation of nanocomposites was carried out by in situ polymerization. Composites, containing 2%, 4%, and 6% organoclay by mass, were characterized by XRD, …

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A New Dinuclear Lead(Ii) Complex Of 2,3-Diphenyl-Tetrazole-5-Thione: Synthesis And Characterization, Ruirui Zhuang, Fangfang Jian, Kefei Wang Jan 2010

A New Dinuclear Lead(Ii) Complex Of 2,3-Diphenyl-Tetrazole-5-Thione: Synthesis And Characterization, Ruirui Zhuang, Fangfang Jian, Kefei Wang

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The present work reports on the synthesis, crystal structure, fluorescence, electrochemical behavior, and thermogravimetric analysis of a new dinuclear lead(II) complex of 2,3-diphenyl-tetrazole-5-thione. Its structure was characterized by X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Each lead atom adopts a distorted octahedral geometry by coordinating to 2 sulfur atoms from 2 2,3-diphenyl-tetrazole-5-thione ligands and 4 oxygen atoms from 3 nitrates. The fluorescence spectrum shows that the title complex has 2 fluorescence emission peaks, at 412 nm and 433 nm. Cyclic voltammetry studies show that the title complex has only one reduction peak, at 0.309 V. The thermogravimetric analysis indicates that …

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Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of Arenes With Carboxylic Acids Using Silica Gel Supported Alcl_3, Kaveh Parvanak Jan 2010

Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of Arenes With Carboxylic Acids Using Silica Gel Supported Alcl_3, Kaveh Parvanak

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Aromatic compounds react smoothly with carboxylic acids in the presence of silica gel supported aluminium trichloride to afford the corresponding ketones with high regioselectivity in high to excellent yields. The catalyst is stable (as a bench top catalyst) and can be easily recovered and reused without appreciable change in its efficiency.

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A Calorimetric Study Of The Interaction Of Silver Ions With Jack Bean Urease, Ali Akbar Saboury, Elahe Poorakbar, Gholamreza Rezaei-Behbehani Jan 2010

A Calorimetric Study Of The Interaction Of Silver Ions With Jack Bean Urease, Ali Akbar Saboury, Elahe Poorakbar, Gholamreza Rezaei-Behbehani

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A thermodynamic study of silver ions by jack bean urease (JBU) was carried out at 2 temperatures, 27 and 37 °C, in Tris buffer (30 mM; pH 7.0) using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). There was a set of 12 identical and noninteracting binding sites for the silver ions. The intrinsic dissociation equilibrium constant and the molar enthalpy of binding were 185 \mu M and -16.7 kJ mol^{-1} at 27 °C, and 229 \mu M and -16.3 kJ mol^{-1} at 37 °C, respectively. The molar entropy of binding was +15.7 J K^{-1} mol^{-1} at 27 °C and +17.1 J K^{-1} mol^{-1} …

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Chemistry Of 2-Aminoanthraquinones, Mostafa Gouda, Moged Berghot, Alaa Shoeip, Khaled Elattar, Abd El Galil Khalil Jan 2010

Chemistry Of 2-Aminoanthraquinones, Mostafa Gouda, Moged Berghot, Alaa Shoeip, Khaled Elattar, Abd El Galil Khalil

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This review represents a systematic and comprehensive survey of the methods of preparation and the chemical reactivity of 2-aminoanthraquinone. This compound is an important intermediate for the synthesis of a variety of otherwise difficult to obtain synthetically useful and novel heterocyclic systems.

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Co(Iii) Catalysed Asymmetric Ring-Opening Of Epichlorohydrin By Salicylaldehyde Derivatives: Reversal Of Enantioselectivity And Rate Acceleration On Addition Of Alcl_3, Leman Karadeni̇z, Gamze Koz, Kadri̇ye Aydin, Stephen Thomas Astley Jan 2010

Co(Iii) Catalysed Asymmetric Ring-Opening Of Epichlorohydrin By Salicylaldehyde Derivatives: Reversal Of Enantioselectivity And Rate Acceleration On Addition Of Alcl_3, Leman Karadeni̇z, Gamze Koz, Kadri̇ye Aydin, Stephen Thomas Astley

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Using asymmetric Cobalt(III) salen catalysts, the ring-opening of epichlorohydrin by 2,3-dihydroxybenzal- dehyde and 2,4- dihydroxybenzaldehyde was found to occur at the phenolic groups most distant from the aldehydic group. Switching catalysts afforded a reversal in enantioselectivity. For 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde, addition of AlCl_3 to the reaction mixture led to an increase in reaction rate without any decrease in product enantiopurity.

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A Novel Optical Membrane With Extended Detection Range Of Ph, Meissam Noroozifar, Mozhgan Khorasani Motlagh, Safeyeh Bahmanzadeh, Shokoofah Boroon Jan 2010

A Novel Optical Membrane With Extended Detection Range Of Ph, Meissam Noroozifar, Mozhgan Khorasani Motlagh, Safeyeh Bahmanzadeh, Shokoofah Boroon

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A pH optical sensor was developed based on the use of a mixture of Malachite Green Oxalate and Bromocresol Green indicators immobilized in a triacetylcellulose membrane, which had been previously hydrolyzed. Requirements of the pH indicators were investigated, including the effects of the coupling pH, indicator ratio, and concentrations of the indicators. The pH sensor performed with a very fast response (10 s) and long term stability with no significant leaching of the dyes. The sensor had a linear response over a range of 6.6 pH units in the pH range between 0.4 and 7.0. A relative standard deviation of …

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Synthesis And Characterisations Of Some New 2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]- Triazol-3-One Derivatives And X-Ray Crystal Structures Of 4-(3-Phenylallylideneamino)-5-Thiophen-2-Yl-Methyl-2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]Triazol-3-One, Kemal Sancak, Yasemi̇n Ünver, Canan Kazak, Esra Düğdü, Burcu Arslan Jan 2010

Synthesis And Characterisations Of Some New 2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]- Triazol-3-One Derivatives And X-Ray Crystal Structures Of 4-(3-Phenylallylideneamino)-5-Thiophen-2-Yl-Methyl-2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]Triazol-3-One, Kemal Sancak, Yasemi̇n Ünver, Canan Kazak, Esra Düğdü, Burcu Arslan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Compounds 2 were synthesised via the reaction of 4-amino-5-thiophen-2-yl-methyl-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-one (1) with aldehydes. Compounds 3 and 4 were obtained from compounds 2 with bromo acetophenone and ethyl bromoacetate, respectively. The synthesis of compounds 2, 3, and 4 and crystal structure of compound 2a are being reported. The molecular structures were identified by IR, ^1H-NMR, ^{13}C-NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. Compound 2a crystallises in the monoclinic P 2_1/n space group, with a = 6.565(5) Å, b = 18.278(5) Å, c = 13.8166(18) Å, \beta = 96.227(5)°, V = 1553.6(14) Å^3, Z = 4. The newly compounds synthesised were screened for their antibacterial …

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Synthesis And Crystal Structure Of A Novel Multimodal Ligand, 6,6'-Bis(2-(Di(Pyridin-2-Yl)Methylene)-1-Methylhydrazinyl)-2,2'-Bipyridine, And Its Copper(I) Complex, {[Cu_3l_2](Pf_6)_3° 3h_2o} (1), Çağlar Ağaç, İsmai̇l Yilmaz, Abdurrahman Şengül, Simon J. Coles Jan 2010

Synthesis And Crystal Structure Of A Novel Multimodal Ligand, 6,6'-Bis(2-(Di(Pyridin-2-Yl)Methylene)-1-Methylhydrazinyl)-2,2'-Bipyridine, And Its Copper(I) Complex, {[Cu_3l_2](Pf_6)_3° 3h_2o} (1), Çağlar Ağaç, İsmai̇l Yilmaz, Abdurrahman Şengül, Simon J. Coles

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The single crystal X-ray structure of the novel multimodal ligand 6,6'-bis(2-(di(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)-1-methylhydrazinyl)-2,2'-bipyridine, C_{34}H_{28}N_{10} (L), was determined at 120 (2) K. The ligand possesses a centre of symmetry that generates a planar bipyridyl core with the hydrazone substituents in a trans-geometry. The di-2-pyridyl moieties at either terminus of the molecule twist out of the plane (52.90 and 56.32 Å). The crystal structure comprises 2-dimensional ribbons that stack about each other so as to optimise van der Waals interactions and packing efficiency. Studies of the coordination properties of the novel multimodal ligand with copper(I) show that 2 ligand strands wrapped around the copper(I) …

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies Of The Passive Layer On The Surface Of Copper As A Function Of Potential, Amtul Naseer, Athar Khan Jan 2010

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies Of The Passive Layer On The Surface Of Copper As A Function Of Potential, Amtul Naseer, Athar Khan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to investigate the oxide layer formed on a copper disc electrode and the changes that took place when treated potentiostatically in the range of -0.3 V to 0.9 V in buffer of pH 8.5. The response of an electrode using EIS, initially at equilibrium, to an applied potential was then modeled with equivalent circuits, proposed for different potential regions that completely illustrated the Cu/oxide/electrolyte systems and their properties in terms of 2 interfaces. Criterion for the applicability of equivalent circuit models was discussed. Changes in the film/metal interface as a …

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Chemical Composition And Antimicrobial Activity Of The Essential Oils Of Mosses (Tortula Muralis Hedw., Homalothecium Lutescens (Hedw.) H. Rob., Hypnum Cupressiforme Hedw., And Pohlia Nutans (Hedw.) Lindb.) From Turkey, Osman Üçüncü, Tayyi̇be Beyza Cansu, Turan Özdemi̇r, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu, Nuretti̇n Yayli Jan 2010

Chemical Composition And Antimicrobial Activity Of The Essential Oils Of Mosses (Tortula Muralis Hedw., Homalothecium Lutescens (Hedw.) H. Rob., Hypnum Cupressiforme Hedw., And Pohlia Nutans (Hedw.) Lindb.) From Turkey, Osman Üçüncü, Tayyi̇be Beyza Cansu, Turan Özdemi̇r, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu, Nuretti̇n Yayli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The essential oils of mosses [Tortula muralis Hedw. (Pottiaceae), Homalothecium lutescens (Hedw.) H. Rob. (Brachytheciaceae), Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. (Hypnaceae), and Pohlia nutans (Hedw.) Lindb. (Mniaceae)] were investigated by means of GC-FID/MS techniques. The major components were nonanal (18.3%) and tetradecanol (4.3%) in the oil of T. muralis, nonanal (36.8%) and tricosane (6.5%) in the oil of H. lutescens, nonanal (12.5%) and 2E-tetradecen-1-ol (6.9%) in the oil of H. cupressiforme, and nonanal (7.8%) and 2E-tetradecen-1-ol (7.1%) in the oil of P. nutans. The essential oils of T. muralis, H. lutescens, H. cupressiforme, and P. nutans were rich as in non-terpenoid components …

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Reactions Of 4-Benzoyl-1,5-Diphenyl-1h-Pyrazole-3- Carboxylic Acid Chloride With Various Hydroxylamines And Carbazates, Eli̇f Korkusuz, İsmai̇l Yildirim Jan 2010

Reactions Of 4-Benzoyl-1,5-Diphenyl-1h-Pyrazole-3- Carboxylic Acid Chloride With Various Hydroxylamines And Carbazates, Eli̇f Korkusuz, İsmai̇l Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid 2 was converted via reactions of its acid chloride 3 with various hydroxylamine 4a-f and carbazate derivatives 8a-c into the corresponding novel N-substituted-4-benzoyl-1,5-dipenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamides 5a-c, N,N-disubstituted-4-benzoyl-1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates 6d,e, 4-benzoyl-N-{[(4-benzoyl-1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)carbonyl]oxy}- N-methyl-1,5dip- henyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (7), and 4-benzoyl-N'-(alkoxycarbonyl)-1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-car- bohydrazides 9a,b and 10, respectively, in good yields (65\%-90\%). The reactions of 3 with 4 and 8 in xylene for 8-15 h with catalytic amounts of base led to the formation of the products 5-7, 9, and 10. The structures of all new synthesized compounds were established by the ^{13}C-NMR, ^1H-NMR, IR spectroscopic data, and elemental analyses.

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Vapor Phase Alkylation Of Toluene Using Various Alcohols Over H3po4/Mcm-41 Catalyst: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Vapor Phase Alkylation Of Toluene Using Various Alcohols Over H_3po_4/Mcm-41 Catalyst: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Selectivity And Conversion, Alireza Abbaspourrad, Roozbeh Javadkalbasi, Farzad Zamani Jan 2010

Vapor Phase Alkylation Of Toluene Using Various Alcohols Over H3po4/Mcm-41 Catalyst: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Vapor Phase Alkylation Of Toluene Using Various Alcohols Over H_3po_4/Mcm-41 Catalyst: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Selectivity And Conversion, Alireza Abbaspourrad, Roozbeh Javadkalbasi, Farzad Zamani

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A mesoporous MCM-41 molecular sieve material with a molar ratio of SiO_2/Al_2O_3 = 70 and loaded with H_3PO_4 was used as a catalyst for the alkylation of toluene, using various alcohols, namely methanol, iso-propanol, and tert-butanol, as alkylating agents. Para-alkylated toluene was the predominant product, formation of which was enhanced by moderate temperature, low amounts of the alkylating agents in the feed, and high carrier gas flow rate. Time on stream was found to exert a profound effect on the selectivity and conversion to the different products.

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Determination Of Trace Element Contents Of Thymus Species From Turkey, Fatümetüzzehra Küçükbay, Ebru Kuyumcu Jan 2010

Determination Of Trace Element Contents Of Thymus Species From Turkey, Fatümetüzzehra Küçükbay, Ebru Kuyumcu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Eleven mineral and trace elements (Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Pb) were determined in the Thymus species growing in Turkey. The total concentrations were measured in samples mineralized with concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a microwave system. The determination of mineral and trace elements in the leaves of the Thymus species was carried out by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The accuracy of the method was ensured by using standard reference material (NIST-SRM 1515 apple leaves). The concentration of elements in the Thymus species and their biological activity on humans …

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Determination Of Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime, Paracetamol, And Diclofenac Sodium By Capillary Zone Electrophoresis In Pharmaceutical Formulations And In Human Blood Serum, Amber Solangi, Saima Memon, Arfana Mallah, Najma Memon, Muhammad Yar Khuhawar, Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger Jan 2010

Determination Of Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime, Paracetamol, And Diclofenac Sodium By Capillary Zone Electrophoresis In Pharmaceutical Formulations And In Human Blood Serum, Amber Solangi, Saima Memon, Arfana Mallah, Najma Memon, Muhammad Yar Khuhawar, Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A simple and fairly fast capillary zone electrophoresis method has been developed for the determination and separation of ceftriaxone, ceftizoxime, paracetamol, and diclofenac sodium in a mixture, in pharmaceutical formulations, and in blood serum. A 50 mM sodium tetraborate background electrolyte solution (pH 9.0) was found to be suitable for separation of all the drugs. An uncoated fused-silica capillary of a total length of 57 cm (effective length 50 cm) was used for separation. All the analytes were completely separated within 8.0 min at an applied voltage of 30 kV and detection was performed at 214 nm .Validation of the …

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Biotransformation Of Danazol By Fusarium Solani And Gibberella Fujikuorii, And Prolyl Endopeptidase Inhibition Studies Of Transformed Products, Azizuddin Shaikh, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary Jan 2010

Biotransformation Of Danazol By Fusarium Solani And Gibberella Fujikuorii, And Prolyl Endopeptidase Inhibition Studies Of Transformed Products, Azizuddin Shaikh, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Biotransformation of danazol (17\beta-hydroxy-17\alpha-pregna-2,4-dien-20-yno-[2,3-d] isoxazole) (1) on fermentation with Fusarium solani yielded 17\beta-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-17\alpha -pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one (2) and 17\beta -hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-17\alpha-pregna-1,4-dien-20-yn-3-one (3), while the fermentation of 1 with Gibberella fujikuorii yielded compound 2 only. The structures of these compounds were deduced on the basis of modern spectroscopic techniques. Prolyl endopeptidase inhibition activities of danazol (1) and its transformed products 2 and 3 are also studied.

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Computational Study On Nitronium Squarate - Potential Oxidizers For Solid Rocket Propulsion?, Eli̇f Gökçinar, Thomas Klapötke Jan 2010

Computational Study On Nitronium Squarate - Potential Oxidizers For Solid Rocket Propulsion?, Eli̇f Gökçinar, Thomas Klapötke

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The enthalpies of formation for solid ionic nitronium squarate, [NO_2]_2[C_4O_4], and covalent squaric acid dinitrate ester, O_2N-C_4O_4-NO_2, were calculated using the complete basis set (CBS-4M) method of Petersson and coworkers in order to obtain very accurate energies. The covalent form (O_2N-C_4O_4-NO_2) was identified as the more stable isomer. The combustion parameters with respect to possible use as ingredients in solid rocket motors for both stable species were calculated using the EXPLO5 code. The performance of an aluminized formulation with covalently bound dinitrate ester (O_2N-C_4O_4-NO_2) was shown to be comparable to that of ammonium perchlorate/aluminum. This makes squaric acid dinitrate ester …

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Comparative Essential Oil Analysis Of Geranium Sylvaticum Extracted By Hydrodistillation And Microwave Distillation, Nuran Kahri̇man, Gonca Tosun, Hasan Genç, Nuretti̇n Yayli Jan 2010

Comparative Essential Oil Analysis Of Geranium Sylvaticum Extracted By Hydrodistillation And Microwave Distillation, Nuran Kahri̇man, Gonca Tosun, Hasan Genç, Nuretti̇n Yayli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The essential oil of Geranium sylvaticum L. (Geraniaceae) was isolated by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave distillation (MD). The composition of the volatile oils was characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 73 and 70 compounds were identified, constituting over 90.3% and 98.7% of oil composition of G. sylvaticum, respectively. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were shown to be the main group of constituents (HD: 31.7% and MD: 39.8%). The major component of the oils of G. sylvaticum was \gamma -muurolene (HD: 10.9% and MD: 19.6%). The comparative study showed that the amount of total volatiles (98.7%) and the major constituent (39.8%) were …

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Quantum Chemical Studies On Tautomerism And Basicity Behavior Of Some 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives, Cemi̇l Öğreti̇r, Yadi̇gar Gülseven Sidir, İsa Sidir, Erol Taşal Jan 2010

Quantum Chemical Studies On Tautomerism And Basicity Behavior Of Some 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives, Cemi̇l Öğreti̇r, Yadi̇gar Gülseven Sidir, İsa Sidir, Erol Taşal

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The acidity constants, relative stabilities, and tautomeric equilibrium constants of some 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were determined using the density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP method and 6-311G(d,p) basis set. The integral equation formalism version of the polarizable continuum model (IEFPCM) was used in the calculations of the aqueous phase. The calculated tautomeric equilibrium and relative stabilities values revealed that the 4H-1,2,4 triazole form for all studied molecules was favored over the 1H-1,2,4 triazole form. Protonation processes indicated the predominance of the 1H-1,2,4 triazole form over the 2H-1,2,4 triazole form. The correlation attempt between the experimental and the calculated acidity constants, …

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Determination Of Lead, Cadmium, Zinc And Nickel Inedible Oil Products By Stripping Voltammetry., Ng Khan Loon Jan 2010

Determination Of Lead, Cadmium, Zinc And Nickel Inedible Oil Products By Stripping Voltammetry., Ng Khan Loon

Student Works (2010-2019)

Edible oil products had become an everyday food that been consumed by most of the people either for dressing or for cooking purpose. Metal has become a common contamination to the food product, which it found the way into the edible oil through environment and processing contamination such as crushing, distillation, and hydrogenation. In this Study, the main focuses of metal analysis are only confined to 4 common metals which are the Cadmium, Lead, Zinc and Nickel. These elements are selected in this study due to reason that Cadmium and Lead are commonly known for their contamination from environment and …

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Core/Shell Nanoparticles As Hybrid Platforms For The Fabrication Of A Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor, Yu-Ho Won, Doreen Aboagye, Ho Seong Jang, Andrei Jitianu, Lia A. Stanciu Jan 2010

Core/Shell Nanoparticles As Hybrid Platforms For The Fabrication Of A Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor, Yu-Ho Won, Doreen Aboagye, Ho Seong Jang, Andrei Jitianu, Lia A. Stanciu

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

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A Multivalent Dna Aptamer Specific For The B-Cell Receptor On Human Lymphoma And Leukemia, Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy, Alessandro Ruggiero, Jeffrey R. Gardner, Vitaly Kuryavyi, William F. Maguire, Mark L. Heaney, Michael R. Mcdevitt, Dinshaw J. Patel, David A. Scheinberg Jan 2010

A Multivalent Dna Aptamer Specific For The B-Cell Receptor On Human Lymphoma And Leukemia, Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy, Alessandro Ruggiero, Jeffrey R. Gardner, Vitaly Kuryavyi, William F. Maguire, Mark L. Heaney, Michael R. Mcdevitt, Dinshaw J. Patel, David A. Scheinberg

Publications and Research

Long-term survival still eludes most patients with leukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. No approved therapies target the hallmark of the B cell, its mIgM, also known as the B-cell receptor (BCR). Aptamers are small oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to a wide range of target molecules and offer some advantages over antibodies as therapeutic agents. Here, we report the rational engineering of aptamer TD05 into multimeric forms reactive with the BCR that may be useful in biomedical applications. Systematic truncation of TD05 coupled with modification with locked nucleic acids (LNA) increased conformational stability and nuclease resistance. Trimeric and tetrameric versions with …

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Solid Supported Synthesis Of Secondary Amines Via Staudinger And Microwave Aza-Wittig Reactions, Kyle Thomas Holsinger Jan 2010

Solid Supported Synthesis Of Secondary Amines Via Staudinger And Microwave Aza-Wittig Reactions, Kyle Thomas Holsinger

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Amine bond formation is a major topic in organic chemistry and is widely applied to the formation of medicinal compounds. Current studies have analyzed the benefits of microwave irradiation and solid supported reagents in order to improve reaction conditions and both synthetic and environmental costs. In the synthesis of amines, we investigate the combined use of microwave irradiation and solid supported reagents in the aza-Wittig and reductive amination reaction.

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Transition-Metal Ion Exchange Using Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Oligomers As Solvents, Gina M. Canfield, Michael Bizimis, Susan E. Latturner Jan 2010

Transition-Metal Ion Exchange Using Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Oligomers As Solvents, Gina M. Canfield, Michael Bizimis, Susan E. Latturner

Faculty Publications

Poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers have been found to be effective as alternative solvents for the ion exchange of Mn2þ , Fe2 þ , and Co2þ into hydrated and dehydrated Zeolite X (Na80Al80Si112- O384 3 nH2O). When attempted in aqueous solutions, the exchange of these cations quickly leads to destruction of the zeolite structure within 1-2 exchange cycles. However, in PEG oligomer solvents, the structure can be maintained and exchanges of 48% (Co2þ ), 80% (Mn2þ ), and 91% (Fe2þ ) are observed after one cycle under hydrated conditions. When rigorous steps are taken to remove all water from the zeolite before …

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A Comparative Analysis Of The Electronic And Structural Characteristics Of Polyphenolic Inhibitors Of Pai-1, Patrick Spoutz Jan 2010

A Comparative Analysis Of The Electronic And Structural Characteristics Of Polyphenolic Inhibitors Of Pai-1, Patrick Spoutz

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Polyphenolic compounds containing two gallate groups have been shown to be effective inhibitors of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). In this work we use Density Functional calculations to examine energetically-accessible configurations of two digallate compounds exhibiting disparate inhibitory activity toward PAI-1. In addition, we examine the partial charges of potentially acidic protons and the relative stability of the respective conjugate bases of a select group of PAI-1 inhibitors. This analysis was carried out to determine whether such characteristics can be used to distinguish between effective and less effective inhibitors. An examination of the stable configurations of CDE-008 and CDE-056 indicates that …

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Synthesis Of Functionalized Gpi Anchors And Related Glycoconjugates, Benjamin M. Swarts Jan 2010

Synthesis Of Functionalized Gpi Anchors And Related Glycoconjugates, Benjamin M. Swarts

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation is divided into two chapters describing the background, significance, and synthesis of GPI anchors and GPI-anchored molecules. GPI anchors are a class of complex glycolipids with the primary purpose of attaching cell surface proteins/glycoproteins to the cell membrane. The first chapter is focused on the synthesis of functionalized GPI anchors, and begins with an introductory look at the discovery, structure, biosynthesis, and biological functions of GPIs. Then, after surveying progress and achievements in GPI synthesis, including discussion about current strategic shortcomings in the field that prevent the chemical synthesis of various GPI derivatives, our approach to accessing uniquely …

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Enantioselective Synthesis Of Bicarbocyclic Structures With An All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter Through Sequential Cross Metathesis And Intramolecular Rauhut-Currier Reaction, Yuan Qiao, Sanjeev Kumar, William Paul Malachowski Jan 2010

Enantioselective Synthesis Of Bicarbocyclic Structures With An All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter Through Sequential Cross Metathesis And Intramolecular Rauhut-Currier Reaction, Yuan Qiao, Sanjeev Kumar, William Paul Malachowski

Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship

A new extension of the Birch-Cope sequence is described which allows the efficient enantioselective construction of highly functionalized, fused bicarbocyclic structures with an all-carbon quaternary stereo-center in two steps. The two-step sequence includes a cross metathesis between a terminal alkene and a polarized alkene followed by an intramolecular Rauhut-Currier reaction with a trialkylphosphine catalyst.

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Noninnocent Dithiolene Ligands: A New Oxomolybdenum Complex Possessing A Donor-Acceptor Dithiolene Ligand, Kelly G. Matz, Regina P. Mtei, Belinda Leung, Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer, Martin L. Kirk Jan 2010

Noninnocent Dithiolene Ligands: A New Oxomolybdenum Complex Possessing A Donor-Acceptor Dithiolene Ligand, Kelly G. Matz, Regina P. Mtei, Belinda Leung, Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer, Martin L. Kirk

Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Interaction Between Langmuir And Langmuir- Blodgett Films Of 5,11,17,23-Tetra-Tert-Butyl-25,27-Diethoxycarbonyl Methyleneoxy-26,28,Dihydroxycalix[4]Arene And 5,17-(9h-Fluoren-2-Yl)Methyleneamino)-11,23-Di-Tert-Butyl-25,27-Diethoxycarbonyl Methyleneoxy-26,28-Dihydroxycalix[4]Arene With Aqueous Copper And Lithium Ions., Mary Deasy, Fintan Kelleher, Faridah L. Supian, Tim H. Richardson, James P. Ward, Vickie Mckee Jan 2010

Interaction Between Langmuir And Langmuir- Blodgett Films Of 5,11,17,23-Tetra-Tert-Butyl-25,27-Diethoxycarbonyl Methyleneoxy-26,28,Dihydroxycalix[4]Arene And 5,17-(9h-Fluoren-2-Yl)Methyleneamino)-11,23-Di-Tert-Butyl-25,27-Diethoxycarbonyl Methyleneoxy-26,28-Dihydroxycalix[4]Arene With Aqueous Copper And Lithium Ions., Mary Deasy, Fintan Kelleher, Faridah L. Supian, Tim H. Richardson, James P. Ward, Vickie Mckee

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The binding interactions between aqueous copper (Cu2þ ) and lithium (Li þ ) ions and Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayers have been investigated by studying surface pressure-area (Π-A) isotherms and surface potential-area (ΔV-A) behavior in order to find the effective dipole moment, μ^, of the calixarene molecules in the uncomplexed and complexed states. The orientation of both calix[4]arenes, namely, 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl- 25,27-diethoxycarbonyl methyleneoxy-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene and 5,17-(9H-fluoren-2-yl)methyleneamino)- 11,23-di-tert-butyl-25,27-diethoxycarbonyl methyleneoxy-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene, is such that the plane of the calix ring is parallel with the plane of the water surface regardless of the ion content of the subphase. The Gibbs equation was used to interpret …

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Coordination Directed Self Assembly Of Pt/Pd Mono-And Multinuclear Complexes, Robert Moreno Jan 2010

Coordination Directed Self Assembly Of Pt/Pd Mono-And Multinuclear Complexes, Robert Moreno

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This research focuses on the development of mononuclear platinum complexes; multinuclear platinum complexes, both of which self assemble into micelles in the presence of water. This work also involved the synthesis of a reverse micelle that allows for detection of water nanocrystals within a defined size molecular envelope. The novel synthesis of these compounds allows for ligand substitution and the creation of a library of compounds.

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