Chemistry Commons^™

Features Of Heart Activity Of Cattle In The Conditions Of Southern Aral Sea Region, Svetlana Mambetullaeva, Khayratdin Seytkamalov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In this article, the results of comparative analysis of electrocardiogram are shown for the cows of different breeds in the Aral Sea region. It is set that the high temperature of the environment and sunny insolation render a negative influence on the functional parameters of the cardiac vascular system of animals. There are facts about the cows of different breeds at the influence of different temperatures that have unidirectional functional changes in the operation of the heart. At the same time, we will mark that these changes are less expressed for the cows of the improved zebu visible cattle, what …

Photoelectric Injection Amplification Of Al–Al2o3–P-Cdte–Mo Structures At Low Bias Voltages, A K. Uteniyazov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The results of studies of photoelectric injection enhancement of the Al–Al₂O₃–p-CdTe –Mo structure upon application of low bias voltages. It has been shown that the studied Al-Al₂O₃–p-CdTe-Mo structure under can be represented as a n⁺-p-R_ом structure with a long base. Conducted researches show that Al-Al₂O₃–p-CdTe-Mo structure has unique properties. It has very high photocurrent and photosensitivity at both direct and reverse dias voltage under even small bias voltage (up to 500mV).

Synthesis Of Supramolecular Complex L– (-) – Menthol, Ziyada Djumanova Dr, Lolaxan Ettibaeva, Ugilay Abduraxmonova, Zulfiya Khalmuratova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In this article glycyrrhizic acid content with menthol in several various proportions (2:1; 4:1; 9:1), information was given on synthesis and physical and chemical properties of new supermolecular complexes. Received supramolecular complexes concerning 4:1 it was chemically defined and also studied the structure of supramolecular complexes by physical methods on the basis of interaction of organic molecules with electromagnetic radiation, in particular their range IR – of spectroscopy. Our work of the near future will be turned to check its recent supramolecular complexes on the basis of GA: Menthol for growth of a plant and biotic elasticity of tension …

Spectrophotometric Characterization Of The Complexation Of Gossypol Acetic Acid With Cobalt Ion, Ugilay Abdurahmanova, Habibjon Kushiev, Maral Askarova, Dilafruz Allanazarova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The authors of the article suggest simple and express method of spectrophotometric determination of cobalt with the help of derivatives of gossypol. Optimal conditions of determining cobalt are found. Under optimal conditions there was created a graded graph, which is more linear in the range for cobalt concentration of 10.0 – 50.0 microgram/25 ml, contents and constants of cobalt complex with gossypol vinegar acid.

Geochemical Characteristics Of Soil In Relation To Occurrence Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Epns) In Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, Mohammed Rufai, Abidat Shittu, Monsuru Adeleke

Tanzania Journal of Science

The occurrence and abundance of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) vary across locations, and this has been attributed to many factors including soil physico-chemical properties. This study examined the influence of selected soil chemicals on the occurrence of EPNs under different cultivated lands in Osun state, Southwestern Nigeria. EPNs were isolated from 23.33% of the soil samples in selected sites using decantation and centrifugation method and nematodes observed under standard microscopy were identified based on morphological analysis of infective juveniles (IJs). This study has revealed the presence of nematodes of the families Steinernema and Heterorhabditis in the sampled soils. Soil chemical properties, …

Stabilizing Capability Of Gum Arabic On The Synthesis Of Poly(Styrene-Methylmethacrylate-Acrylic Acid) Latex For The Generation Of Colloidal Crystal Films, Ikhazuagbe Ifijen, Stanley Omorogbe, Muniratu Maliki, Ifeanyi Odiachi, Aireguamen Aigbodion, Esther Ikhuoria

Tanzania Journal of Science

This article describes the generation and characterization of colloidal crystals from particles of gum arabic (GA) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS) emulsified poly(styrene methylmethacrylate-acrylic acid) (P(St-MMA-AA) latex. The colloidal latex was synthesized using GA and SDBS as the emulsifying agents and then used to generate colloidal crystal films via the vertical deposition technique. Dynamic light scattering analysis placed the average particle diameter, polydispersity and Zeta potential at about 122 nm, 0.014 and –36.20 mV for the as-synthesized GA emulsified terpolymer latex and 213 nm, 0.006, –35.60 mV for the SDBS emulsified terpolymer latex, respectively. Thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry …

Leaf Traits Can Be Used To Predict Rates Of Litter Decomposition, Marc Rosenfield, Jennifer L. Funk, Jason K. Keller, Catrina Clausen, Kimberlee Cyphers

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Strong relationships exist between litter chemistry traits and rates of litter decomposition. However, leaf traits are more commonly found in online trait databases than litter traits and fewer studies have examined how well leaf traits predict litter decomposition rates. Furthermore, while bulk leaf nitrogen (N) content is known to regulate litter decomposition, few studies have explored the importance of N biochemistry fractions, such as protein and amino acid concentration. Here, we decomposed green leaves and naturally senesced leaf litter of nine species representing a wide range of leaf functional traits. We evaluated the ability of traits associated with leaf and …

Antimicrobial Strategies For Topical Applications, Kelsey Marie Lopez

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Bacteria can thrive in diverse environments and are often harmless or beneficial. Bacteria in digestive tracts is one example of beneficial bacteria; however, bacteria can be harmful and when this type proliferates, it can cause infections within hosts. Bacterial infections are easily treated with antibiotics in most cases. However, bacteria are also capable of developing mutations which could cause them to become multi-drug resistant and eventually, “superbugs.” Therefore, the development of novel antimicrobial agents and materials capable of combating drug-resistant bacteria is necessary. Research presented in this dissertation focuses on different strategies for minimizing and preventing topical bacterial infections using …

Adsorption Behavior Of Chemically / Charged Modified Antibodies On Gold Nanoparticles, Samuel Okyem

Theses and Dissertations

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been exploited in the various domains of science such as drug delivery, bio-sensing, immunoassays and environmental sensors, due to their optical properties and intriguing surface chemistry. Different scientific procedures have been used to effectively immobilize antibodies onto AuNPs. Although acceptable outcomes have been achieved in the immobilization of antibodies onto AuNPs, the sensitivity of these immobilized antibodies to target antigen or binding sites is limited due to improper orientation of the antibodies. Also, the possibility of nanoparticle aggregation when exposed to proteins limits its biomedical applicability.

There is some evidence that the surface charge of antibodies …

Heterometallic Multinuclear Nodes Directing Mof Electronic Behavior, Otega A. Ejegbavwo, Anna A. Berseneva, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Shubham Pandey, Amy J. Brandt, Kyoung Chul Park, Abhijai Mathur, Sharfa Farzandh, Vladislav V. Klepov, Brittany J. Heiser, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Stavros G. Karakalos, Mark D. Smith, Simon R. Phillpot, Sophya Garashchuk, Donna A. Chen, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr.

Faculty Publications

Metal node engineering in combination with modularity, topological diversity, and porosity of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) could advance energy and optoelectronic sectors. In this study, we focus on MOFs with multinuclear heterometallic nodes for establishing metal−property trends, i.e., connecting atomic scale changes with macroscopic material properties by utilization of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, conductivity measurements, X-ray photoelectron and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations. The results of Bader charge analysis and studies employing the Voronoi–Dirichlet partition of crystal structures are also presented. As an example of frameworks with different nodal arrangements, we have chosen MOFs with mononuclear, …

Fuzzy Synergetic Control Nonlinear Dynamic Objects, Isomiddin Sidikov, Noilakhon Yakubova, Komil Usmanov, Saparbay Kazakhbayev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article deals with the synthesis of effective algorithms for controlling a chemical reactor and developed a fuzzy synergistic controller for a class of indefinite nonlinear dynamic systems. A synergetic control scheme is proposed for solving the control problem for nonlinear systems. Non-linear systems with configurations and parameters that change over time require a completely non-linear model and adaptive control scheme for a practical operating environment. The synthesis of control laws is performed by the method of analytical design of aggregated controllers (ACAR). Fuzzy logic systems are used to evaluate the unknown nonlinear behavior of the system, and a new …

A Highly Elastic And Fatigue-Resistant Natural Protein-Reinforced Hydrogel Electrolyte For Reversible-Compressible Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors, Jingya Nan, Gaitong Zhang, Tianyu Zhu, Zhongkai Wang, Lijun Wang, Hongsheng Wang, Fuxiang Chu, Chunpeng Wang, Chuanbing Tang

Faculty Publications

Compressible solid-state supercapacitors are emerging as promising power sources for next-generation flexible electronics with enhanced safety and mechanical integrity. Highly elastic and compressible solid electrolytes are in great demand to achieve reversible compressibility and excellent capacitive stability of these supercapacitor devices. Here, a lithium ion-conducting hydrogel electrolyte by integrating natural protein nanoparticles into polyacrylamide network is reported. Due to the synergistic effect of natural protein nanoparticles and polyacrylamide chains, the obtained hydrogel shows remarkable elasticity, high compressibility, and fatigue resistance properties. More significantly, the supercapacitor device based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits reversible compressibility under multiple cyclic compressions, working well …

Synthesis, Characterisation And Biological Evaluation Of Tyramine Derived Schiff Base Ligand And Its Transition Metal(Ii) Complexes, Abdul Khader Jailani, N.S.K. Gowthaman, Mookkandi Palsamy Kesavan

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In this study, a new tyramine derived Schiff base ligand (L) (L=1,3-phenylene-bis-4-aminoantipyrinyl-4-aminoethylphenol) and its derived transition metal(II) complexes [Cu(L)Cl₂](1), [Ni(L)Cl₂](2), [Co(L)Cl₂] (3) and [Zn(L)Cl₂] (4) have been synthesized and well characterized by the way of different spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Analytical and spectroscopic studies result suggests that metal(II) complexes more probably have octahedral geometry. DNA binding tendency of L and metal(II) complexes 1-4 have been assessed by probing their ability to bind with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) via electronic absorption and cyclic voltammetry titration methods. The results clearly reveal that the metal(II) …

Evaluation Of Structure And Properties Of Various Sol–Gel Nanocoatings On Biomedical Titanium Surface, Mohsin Talib Mohammed, Sarah Mohammed Hussein

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This study deals with the preparation and characterization of different bioceramic nanofilms formed on the surface of new metastable β-titanium (Ti) alloy. The films of pure TiO₂, pure HA, TiO₂/HA bilayer and HA/TiO₂ composite were coated successfully on Ti surface by sol-gel using spray pyrolysis deposition technique. The surface characteristics of coated substrates, such as thickness, topography, morphology, phase transformations and wear behavior, were evaluated and compared to uncoated substrate. The results showed that the sol-gel is a promising technique to create biocoatings on Ti surface with outstanding structure and properties for biomedical applications.

On The Dynamic Behaviour Of Automobile Pulleys Under Cyclic Loading, Haval Kamal Asker, Thaker Saleh Dawood

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of pulley systems with different numbers of bolt holes. Models with four, six and eight bolt holes were chosen for the pulley. Three sets of cyclic pressure were applied to the pulley system to resemble the different running revolutions of an engine. The study investigates the effect of the number of holes on the system’s stiffness and natural frequency. Finite element models were used to simulate the obtained deformations, stresses and frequency response function (FRF) for pulley models comprising four, six and eight bolt holes under different cyclic pressures. The results show that the …

Optically Thick Radiating Free Convective Mhd Nanofluid Flow Over An Exponentially Accelerated Plate, D.P. Bhatta, S.R. Mishra, J.K. Dash

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The present analysis investigates an unsteady conducting water-based nanofluid embedding with porous medium over an exponentially accelerated vertical plate. The plate is accelerated with moving ramped temperature. However, water is treated as the base fluid with Copper (Cu) and Titanium Oxide (TiO₂) as nanoparticles. Effects of thermal radiation, heat source, and radiation absorption are taken care of in the energy equation which may enhance the heat transfer properties of nanofluid. The crux of the investigation is to find the closed-form solution of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations. Laplace Transform technique is employed to solve these equations. The influence …

A Support Vector Machine-Based Prediction Model For Electrochemical Machining Process, Subham Agarwal Mr., Shruti Sudhakar Dandge Ms., Shankar Chakraborty Prof.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Manufacturing of quality products is one of the core measures to address competitiveness in industries. Hence, it is always necessary to accomplish quality prediction at early stages of a manufacturing process to attain high quality products at the minimum possible cost. To achieve this goal, the past researchers have developed and investigated the applications of different intelligent techniques for their effective deployment at various stages of manufacturing processes. In this paper, support vector machine (SVM), a supervised learning system based on a novel artificial intelligence paradigm, is employed for prediction of three responses, like material removal rate, surface roughness and …

Influence Of Carbon Fibres On Strain Sensing And Structural Properties Of Rc Beams Without Stirrups, Arvind Kumar Cholker, Manzoor Ahmad Tantray

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In present study, effect of micro carbon fibres on strain sensing property and structural behavior of the reinforced concrete (RC) beams in absence of stirrups was experimentally investigated. A total of three RC beams of dimensions, 125 mm width, 350 mm height and 1500 mm long were manufactured without stirrups. All the three beams had different longitudinal reinforcement ratios (0.9%, 1.43% and 1.03 %) and uniform strength of concrete of 36.5 MPa. All the beams had carbon fibre based concrete (CFBC) at top and bottom surface in mid span for a length of 350mm and depth of 78 mm. All …

Approximating Fixed Points In Modular Spaces, Salwa Salman Abed, Meena Fouad Abduljabbar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

A generic two theorems for the two step iterative sequence of multivalued mappings are proved in a complete convex real modular space, and then cite some corollaries that are special cases of these theorems.

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

New Alkaloids From Selected Malaysian Alstonia And Lycopodium Species And Their Biological Activity, Soon Yee Joanne Yeap

Student Works (2020-2029)

Two Malaysian plants, Alstonia penangiana Sidiyasa (family: Apocynaceae) and Lycopodium platyrhizoma J.H.Wilce (family: Lycopodiaceae), were investigated for their alkaloidal composition. This project represents the first reported phytochemical study on these two plant species. A total of 94 alkaloids (1−94) were isolated and characterized from the leaf and stem-bark extracts of Alstonia penangiana, a plant endemic to Penang Island, Malaysia. Of these, 32 are new alkaloids. The leaf extract of A. penangiana yielded a total of 15 new alkaloids, including a pair of type-A and type-B macroline isomers (1, 2), four macroline oxindoles (20–23), three talpinine-type oxindoles (41–43), two ajmaline alkaloids …

Protonic Capacitor: Elucidating The Biological Significance Of Mitochondrial Cristae Formation, James Weifu Lee

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

For decades, it was not entirely clear why mitochondria develop cristae? The work employing the transmembrane-electrostatic proton localization theory reported here has now provided a clear answer to this fundamental question. Surprisingly, the transmembrane-electrostatically localized proton concentration at a curved mitochondrial crista tip can be significantly higher than that at the relatively flat membrane plane regions where the proton-pumping respiratory supercomplexes are situated. The biological significance for mitochondrial cristae has now, for the first time, been elucidated at a protonic bioenergetics level: 1) The formation of cristae creates more mitochondrial inner membrane surface area and thus more protonic capacitance for …

Pegylated Block Copolymer For Cancer Imaging And Treatment, Sweety Singh

Dissertations

Gene theranostics have emerged as an important tool for the treatment of cancer as well as other diseases. Among the challenges in this field is the lack of effective vectors to chaperone plasmids into cells while the vector itself exhibits minimal toxicity. Herein, the synthesis, cellular uptake, and gene delivery using a biocompatible norbornene-based block copolymer is reported. This block copolymer, bearing polyethylene glycol moieties along with primary amines is functionalized with both a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) fluorophore for fluorescence tracking and a folic acid derivative for cancer cell targeting.

Stoichiometry control afforded residual unreacted amine functional groups available to …

Post-Treatment Of Synthetic Polyphenolic 1,3,4 Oxadiazole Compound A3, Attenuated Ischemic Stroke-Induced Neuroinflammation And Neurodegeneration, Arooj Mohsin Alvi, Lina Tariq Al Kury, Muhammad Umar Ijaz, Fawad Ali Shah, Muhammad Tariq Khan, Ahmed Sadiq Sheikh, Humaira Nadeem, Arif Ullah Khan, Alam Zeb, Shupeng Li

All Works

Ischemic stroke is categorized by either permanent or transient blood flow obstruction, impeding the distribution of oxygen and essential nutrients to the brain. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of compound A3, a synthetic polyphenolic drug product, against ischemic brain injury by employing an animal model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (p-MCAO). Ischemic stroke induced significant elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen species and, ultimately, provoked inflammatory cascade. Here, we demonstrated that A3 upregulated the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione s-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), and reversed the ischemic-stroke-induced nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) …

Strong Temporal Variability In Methane Fluxes From Natural Gas Well Pad Soils, Seth N. Lyman, Huy N. Q. Tran, Marc L. Mansfield, Ric Bowers, Ann Smith

Bingham Research Center

We measured methane and carbon dioxide fluxes at natural gas well pad soils and undisturbed soils in the Rocky Mountain and Gulf Coast regions of the United States, including producing and gas storage wells. We collected both short-term (15 min) and multi-day (between 3 and 8), continuous measurements at 47 well pads and two undisturbed locations. Methane fluxes varied by more than an order of magnitude over periods as short as 30 min (e.g., 19–593 mg m⁻² h⁻¹ in one instance), and diurnal and seasonal variability was also significant (e.g., spring-to-fall change from 509 to 14174 mg m …

Influence Of Adjuvants On Pesticide Soil-Air Partition Coefficients: Laboratory Measurements And Predicted Effects On Volatilization, Supta Das, Kimberly J. Hageman

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

A solid-phase fugacity meter was used to measure the soil–air partition coefficients of three semivolatile pesticides (chlorpyrifos, pyrimethanil, and trifluralin) in the absence of additional adjuvants (K_{soil–air,AI}), as part of commercial formulations (K_{soil–air,formulation}), and as formulation mixtures with an additional spray adjuvant added (K_{soil–air,formulation+spray adjuvant}). Chlorpyrifos K_{soil–air,formulation} values were also measured over 15–30 °C, allowing for the change in internal energy of the phase transfer reaction (Δ_soil–airU) to be calculated and compared to the Δ_soil–airU for K_{soil–air,AI} from the literature. Measured K_soil–air values …

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

N3-Ligated Nickel(Ii) Diketonate Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization And Evaluation Of O2 Reactivity, Josiah G. D. Elsberg, Austin Peterson, Amy L. Fuller, Lisa M. Berreau

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Interest in O₂-dependent aliphatic carbon–carbon (C–C) bond cleavage reactions of first row divalent metal diketonate complexes stems from the desire to further understand the reaction pathways of enzymes such as DKE1 and to extract information to develop applications in organic synthesis. A recent report of O₂-dependent aliphatic C–C bond cleavage at ambient temperature in Ni(II) diketonate complexes supported by a tridentate nitrogen donor ligand [(MBBP)Ni(PhC(O)CHC(O)Ph)]Cl (7-Cl; MBBP = 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine) in the presence of NEt₃ spurred our interest in further examining the chemistry of such complexes. A series of new TERPY-ligated Ni(II) diketonate complexes of the …

Preliminary Investigation Of The Effects Of Sex And Electrical Venom Extraction On Venom Composition In The Southern Devil Scorpion, Vaejovis Carolinianus, Chase Czaykowsky

Capstone Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Intrinsic Buffer Hydroxyl Radical Dosimetry For Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting, Addison Roush

Honors Theses

Hydroxyl radical protein footprinting (HRPF) coupled to mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for the analysis of protein topography as it generates covalent mass labels that can survive downstream sample handling, and it is sensitive to the solvent accessibility of amino acid sidechains. Of the multiple platforms for HRPF, fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) utilizes a pulsed 248 nm KrF excimer laser to label proteins by photolyzing hydrogen peroxide. FPOP is the most widely used HRPF platform because it labels proteins faster than unfolding can occur. Variations in FPOP sample conditions make it difficult to compare results between experiments …