Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Instrumentation Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 91 - 120 of 313

Full-Text Articles in Instrumentation

Improving The Background Of Gravitational-Wave Searches For Core Collapse Supernovae: A Machine Learning Approach, M. Cavaglià, S. Gaudio, T. Hansen, K. Staats, M. Szczepanczyk, M. Zanolin Mar 2020

Improving The Background Of Gravitational-Wave Searches For Core Collapse Supernovae: A Machine Learning Approach, M. Cavaglià, S. Gaudio, T. Hansen, K. Staats, M. Szczepanczyk, M. Zanolin

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Based on the priorO1-O2observing runs, about30%of the data collected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo Internext observing runs are expected tobe single-interferometer data, i.e. they will be collected at times when only one detector in the network is operating in observing mode. Searches for gravitational-wave signals from supernova events do not rely on matched filtering techniques because of the stochastic nature of the signals. If a Galactic supernova occurs during single-interferometer times, separation of its unmodelled gravitational-wave signal from noise will be even more difficult due to lack of coherence between detectors. We present a novel machine learning method to perform …


Calibration Transients In Ligo Detectors, Thomas Daniel Abbott Jan 2020

Calibration Transients In Ligo Detectors, Thomas Daniel Abbott

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation describes a novel method of analyzing fluctuations in the time-dependent calibration models of the LIGO interferometers to estimate their effect on strain reconstruction for gravitational-wave detections. The time-dependence of the calibration model of each detector is tracked with a set of parameters which are continuously measured while the interferometers are operating. These parameters track slow variations in the sensing function of the detectors as well as the actuators that hold the detectors in an operational state. The time-dependent parameter data during the second observation run (O2 [November 30, 2016 16:00 UTC to August 25, 2017 22:00:00 UTC]) and …


Stellar Nucleosynthesis: Direct Measurement Of The Neutron-Capture Cross Sections Of Stable Germanium Isotopes And Design Of A Next Generation Ion Trap For The Study Of Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission, Alexander Laminack Jan 2020

Stellar Nucleosynthesis: Direct Measurement Of The Neutron-Capture Cross Sections Of Stable Germanium Isotopes And Design Of A Next Generation Ion Trap For The Study Of Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission, Alexander Laminack

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Knowledge of stellar nuclear reaction rates is critical to understanding the cosmic origins of the abundances of elements. In order to determine these reaction rates, accurate measurements of nuclear cross sections are needed. This thesis presents the results of an experiment to directly measure the neutron capture cross sections of 70-Ge, 72-Ge, 74-Ge, and 76-Ge. These measurements were performed at the Los Alamos Neutron Science CEnter (LANSCE) using the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE). This is the first direct measurement for many of these isotopes across the neutron energy spectrum of 10 eV to 1 MeV using the …


There Is No Constant In Physics: A Neutrosophic Explanation, Victor Christianto, Robert Neil Boyd, Florentin Smarandache Jan 2020

There Is No Constant In Physics: A Neutrosophic Explanation, Victor Christianto, Robert Neil Boyd, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In Neutrosophic Logic, a basic assertion is that there are variations of about everything that we can measure; the variations surround three parameters called T,I,F (truth, indeterminacy, falsehood) which can take a range of values. Similarly, in this paper we consider NL applications in physics constants. Those constants actually all have a window of plus and minus values, relative to the average value of the constant. For example, speed of light, c, can vary in a window up to +/- 3000 m/s. Therefore it should be written: 300000 km/s +/- 3 km/s. We also discuss some implications of this new …


Astro2020 Apc White Paper. 2020 Vision: Towards A Sustainable Oir System, Sally Oey, Terry D. Oswalt, Tom Maccarone, Fred Walter, Charles Bailyn, Jay Gallagher, Todd Henry, Derek Buzasi, J. Allyn Smith, Rachael Beaton, Jim Webb, Brad Barlow, Misty Bentz, Leslie Hebb, Patrick Kelly, Jedidah Isler, Michael Meyer, John Salzer, Simone Scaringi Jan 2020

Astro2020 Apc White Paper. 2020 Vision: Towards A Sustainable Oir System, Sally Oey, Terry D. Oswalt, Tom Maccarone, Fred Walter, Charles Bailyn, Jay Gallagher, Todd Henry, Derek Buzasi, J. Allyn Smith, Rachael Beaton, Jim Webb, Brad Barlow, Misty Bentz, Leslie Hebb, Patrick Kelly, Jedidah Isler, Michael Meyer, John Salzer, Simone Scaringi

Publications

Open-access telescopes of all apertures are needed to operate a competitive and efficient national science program. While larger facilities contribute light-gathering power and angular resolution, smaller ones dominate for field of view, time-resolution, and especially, total available observing time, thereby enabling our entire, diversely-expert community. Smaller aperture telescopes therefore play a critical and indispensable role in advancing science. Thus, the divestment of NSF support for modest-aperture (1 – 4 m) public telescopes poses a serious threat to U.S. scientific leadership, which is compounded by the unknown consequences of the shift from observations driven by individual investigators to survey-driven science. Given …


High Power And Optomechanics In Advanced Ligo Detectors, Terra Christine Hardwick Nov 2019

High Power And Optomechanics In Advanced Ligo Detectors, Terra Christine Hardwick

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In September 2015, a new era of astronomy began with the first direct detection of grav- itational waves from a binary black hole coalescence. The event was captured by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory, comprised of two long-baseline interferometers, one in Livingston, LA and one in Hanford, WA. At the time of the first detection, the interferometers were part way through an upgrade to an advanced configuration and were operating with a strain sensitivity of just better than 10−23/Hz1/2 around 100Hz. The full Advanced LIGO design calls for sensitivity of a few parts in 10−24/Hz …


A Rotating Aperture Mask For Small Telescopes, Edward L. Foley Nov 2019

A Rotating Aperture Mask For Small Telescopes, Edward L. Foley

Master's Theses

Observing the dynamic interaction between stars and their close stellar neighbors is key to establishing the stars’ orbits, masses, and other properties. Our ability to visually discriminate nearby stars is limited by the power of our telescopes, posing a challenge to astronomers at small observatories that contribute to binary star surveys. Masks placed at the telescope aperture promise to augment the resolving power of telescopes of all sizes, but many of these masks must be manually and repetitively reoriented about the optical axis to achieve their full benefits. This paper introduces a design concept for a mask rotation mechanism that …


Polarized X-Ray Sources For Calibration Of The Ixpe X-Ray Telescopes, Samantha Johnson, Wayne Baumgartner Sep 2019

Polarized X-Ray Sources For Calibration Of The Ixpe X-Ray Telescopes, Samantha Johnson, Wayne Baumgartner

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Wavelength Calibration Of The Full-Sun Ultraviolet Rocket Spectrometer (Furst), Nicolas Donders, Amy Winebarger, Charles Kankelborg, Genevieve Vigil, Ken Kobayashi, Laurel Rachmeler, Gary Zank Sep 2019

Wavelength Calibration Of The Full-Sun Ultraviolet Rocket Spectrometer (Furst), Nicolas Donders, Amy Winebarger, Charles Kankelborg, Genevieve Vigil, Ken Kobayashi, Laurel Rachmeler, Gary Zank

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


The Design And Testing Of A Gamma-Neutron Spectrometer For The Helen Project, Everett Cavanaugh, Christopher Helmerich, Sean Widmier, Sarah Dangelo Sep 2019

The Design And Testing Of A Gamma-Neutron Spectrometer For The Helen Project, Everett Cavanaugh, Christopher Helmerich, Sean Widmier, Sarah Dangelo

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Space Telescope And Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. Viii. Time Variability Of Emission And Absorption In Ngc 5548 Based On Modeling The Ultraviolet Spectrum, Gerard A. Kriss, Gisella De Rosa, Justin Ely, Bradley M. Peterson, J. Kaastra, M. Mehdipour, Gary J. Ferland, Maryamossadat Dehghanian, S. Mathur, Rick Edelson, Kirk T. Korista, N. Arav, Aaron J. Barth, Misty C. Bentz, W. Niel Brandt, D. Michael Crenshaw, E. Dalla Bonta, K. D. Kenney, C. Done, Michael Eracleous, Michael M. Fausnaugh, E. Gardner, Michael R. Goad, Catherine J. Grier, Keith Horne, Christopher S. Kochanek, I. M. Mchardy, Hagai Netzer, Anna Pancoast, L. Pei, Richard W. Pogge, Daniel Proga Aug 2019

Space Telescope And Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. Viii. Time Variability Of Emission And Absorption In Ngc 5548 Based On Modeling The Ultraviolet Spectrum, Gerard A. Kriss, Gisella De Rosa, Justin Ely, Bradley M. Peterson, J. Kaastra, M. Mehdipour, Gary J. Ferland, Maryamossadat Dehghanian, S. Mathur, Rick Edelson, Kirk T. Korista, N. Arav, Aaron J. Barth, Misty C. Bentz, W. Niel Brandt, D. Michael Crenshaw, E. Dalla Bonta, K. D. Kenney, C. Done, Michael Eracleous, Michael M. Fausnaugh, E. Gardner, Michael R. Goad, Catherine J. Grier, Keith Horne, Christopher S. Kochanek, I. M. Mchardy, Hagai Netzer, Anna Pancoast, L. Pei, Richard W. Pogge, Daniel Proga

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

We model the ultraviolet spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope during the 6 month reverberation mapping campaign in 2014. Our model of the emission from NGC 5548 corrects for overlying absorption and deblends the individual emission lines. Using the modeled spectra, we measure the response to continuum variations for the deblended and absorption-corrected individual broad emission lines, the velocity-dependent profiles of Lyα and C iv, and the narrow and broad intrinsic absorption features. We find that the time lags for the corrected emission lines are comparable to those for the original data. …


The Disk Structure Of Late Type Galaxies: Determining The Black Hole Mass Function Of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Through Logarithmic Spiral Arm Pitch Angle Measurement, Michael S. Fusco Aug 2019

The Disk Structure Of Late Type Galaxies: Determining The Black Hole Mass Function Of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Through Logarithmic Spiral Arm Pitch Angle Measurement, Michael S. Fusco

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation pertains to the geometric structure of late type (spiral) galaxies, specifically on the relation between the logarithmic spiral pitch angle of the galactic spiral arms with other properties of the galaxy, such as central Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) mass. Our work continues a study of the Black Hole Mass Function (BHMF) in local galaxies by recording the pitch angles of spiral galaxies with lower surface brightness than were previously included. We also conduct a case study on the structure of an interestingly shaped galaxy, UGC 4599. Previous studies on the topic of spiral arm pitch angles have measured …


Using Automation To Improve Telescope Accessibility, Samuel Bowling, Logan Curtis, Emma Leiser, Mary Roberston, Nicholas Schragal, Ridaa Fatima, Samuel Boggs, Lennen Madere Mar 2019

Using Automation To Improve Telescope Accessibility, Samuel Bowling, Logan Curtis, Emma Leiser, Mary Roberston, Nicholas Schragal, Ridaa Fatima, Samuel Boggs, Lennen Madere

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.


Kondo Signatures Of A Quantum Magnetic Impurity In Topological Superconductors, Rui Wang, Wei-Yi Su, Jian-Xin Zhu, Chin-Sen Ting, Hai Li, Changfeng Chen, Baigeng Wang, Xiaoqun Wang Mar 2019

Kondo Signatures Of A Quantum Magnetic Impurity In Topological Superconductors, Rui Wang, Wei-Yi Su, Jian-Xin Zhu, Chin-Sen Ting, Hai Li, Changfeng Chen, Baigeng Wang, Xiaoqun Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

We study the Kondo physics of a quantum magnetic impurity in two-dimensional topological superconductors (TSCs), either intrinsic or induced on the surface of a bulk topological insulator, using a numerical renormalization group technique. We show that, despite sharing the p+ip pairing symmetry, intrinsic and extrinsic TSCs host different physical processes that produce distinct Kondo signatures. Extrinsic TSCs harbor an unusual screening mechanism involving both electron and orbital degrees of freedom that produces rich and prominent Kondo phenomena, especially an intriguing pseudospin Kondo singlet state in the superconducting gap and a spatially anisotropic spin correlation. In sharp contrast, intrinsic TSCs support …


Applications Of Information Theory In Solar And Space Physics, Jay R. Johnson, Simon Wing Feb 2019

Applications Of Information Theory In Solar And Space Physics, Jay R. Johnson, Simon Wing

Faculty Publications

Characterizing and modeling processes at the sun and space plasma in our solar system are difficult because the underlying physics is often complex, nonlinear, and not well understood. The drivers of a system are often nonlinearly correlated with one another, which makes it a challenge to understand the relative effects caused by each driver. However, entropy-based information theory can be a valuable tool that can be used to determine the information flow among various parameters, causalities, untangle the drivers, and provide observational constraints that can help guide the development of the theories and physics-based models. We review two examples of …


Unh Observatory Exoplanet Transit Depth Limit, Nicholas R. Larose Jan 2019

Unh Observatory Exoplanet Transit Depth Limit, Nicholas R. Larose

Honors Theses and Capstones

Using the University of New Hampshire Observatory, we performed multiple exoplanet transits observations on a variety of systems. Of these transits, those performed with ideal weather conditions were chosen to do extensive analysis on. The transit chosen for initial analysis was HAT-P-56b. We then used Z-Score values, along with the average mean and standard deviation collected from multiple transits to determine a minimum possible transit depth of 7.4 +/- 0.6 mmag. This value will allow UNH to access exoplanet transit observation and / or confirm potential exoplanets, thus making the UNH Observatory more research capable. A follow up threshold transit …


Analysis Of Autoguiding For Exoplanet Transit Research At The Unh Observatory, Anthony Cappuccio Jan 2019

Analysis Of Autoguiding For Exoplanet Transit Research At The Unh Observatory, Anthony Cappuccio

Honors Theses and Capstones

This paper will discuss the proper calibration technique for an autoguider of a CCD camera and the results that follow from successful exoplanet transit observations. A brief background on exoplanets, the transit method, and the analysis of their parent stars through photometry will be examined. The results will be presented in a before and after framework that will visually represent the data improvements from autoguiding as graphical Light Curves (LC). The addition of being able to autoguide at the UNH observatory will work towards providing future students with the possibility of performing follow-up ground-based observations and archiving their work online …


Improving Photometry And Astrophotography By Eliminating Dark Frames And Flat Fields, Tom C. Ireland Jan 2019

Improving Photometry And Astrophotography By Eliminating Dark Frames And Flat Fields, Tom C. Ireland

Honors Theses and Capstones

I report on the efforts to improve the dark frames and flat fielding procedure for the charged-coupled device (CCD) camera for the Celestron C14 telescope at the UNH observatory. Dark frames are images taken while the shutter of the camera is closed so that only electronic and dark noise and other internal inconsistencies are recorded. These are important because they allow astronomers to subtract out interference from dark current. Additionally, flat fields are images of the entire field of the telescope so that the brightness in the pixels of the telescope’s field of view is uniform. Flat fields are vital …


Normalization Of Leadville Neutron Monitor To Climax Neutron Monitor, Brian J. O'Connor Jan 2019

Normalization Of Leadville Neutron Monitor To Climax Neutron Monitor, Brian J. O'Connor

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.


Exomol Line List - Xxxiv. A Rovibrational Line List For Phosphinidene (Ph) In Its X³Σ¯ And A¹Δ Electronic States, Jonathan Langleben, Jonathan Tennyson, Sergei N. Yurchenko, Peter Bernath Jan 2019

Exomol Line List - Xxxiv. A Rovibrational Line List For Phosphinidene (Ph) In Its X³Σ¯ And A¹Δ Electronic States, Jonathan Langleben, Jonathan Tennyson, Sergei N. Yurchenko, Peter Bernath

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

A rovibronic line list for the ground (X3Σ−) and first excited (a1Δ) states of phosphinidene, 31PH, is computed. The line list is designed for studies of exoplanetary and cool stellar atmospheres with temperatures up to 4000 K. A combination of empirical and ab initio data is used to produce the line list: potential energy curves (PECs) are fitted using experimental transition frequencies; these transitions are reproduced with a root mean square error of 0.01 cm−1. The nuclear Schrödinger equation is solved using these PECs plus Born–Oppenheimer and spin splitting correction terms. …


Viewing The Eclipse From 109,000 Feet And The Road To Get There, Kendra Sibbernsen, Michael Sibbernsen Jan 2019

Viewing The Eclipse From 109,000 Feet And The Road To Get There, Kendra Sibbernsen, Michael Sibbernsen

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The NASA Nebraska High Altitude Ballooning Program was one of 55 teams across the nation to fly weather balloons within the August 21st Total Solar Eclipse and stream live video to the internet. On this day, the Nebraska team launched three high altitude balloons to take scientific measurements and take photos and video ofthe Moon's shadow falling on the Earth. These balloons included the NASA common video streaming payload as well as experiments from students at Metropolitan Community College and from faculty and students at Omaha Public Schools. The launches took place at the "Gem Over the Prairie" event at …


Graphene Used As A Lateral Force Microscopy Calibration Material In The Low-Load Non-Linear Regime, Mathias J. Boland, Jacob L. Hempel, Armin Ansary, Mohsen Nasseri, Douglas R. Strachan Nov 2018

Graphene Used As A Lateral Force Microscopy Calibration Material In The Low-Load Non-Linear Regime, Mathias J. Boland, Jacob L. Hempel, Armin Ansary, Mohsen Nasseri, Douglas R. Strachan

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

A lateral force microscopy (LFM) calibration technique utilizing a random low-profile surface is proposed that is successfully employed in the low-load non-linear frictional regime using a single layer of graphene on a supporting oxide substrate. This calibration at low loads and on low friction surfaces like graphene has the benefit of helping to limit the wear of the LFM tip during the calibration procedure. Moreover, the low-profiles of the calibration surface characteristic of these layered 2D materials, on standard polished oxide substrates, result in a nearly constant frictional, adhesive, and elastic response as the tip slides over the surface, making …


Applications Of Nasa Earth Observations For Monitoring Forest Loss In The Madre De Dios Region Of Peru, Andrea Nicolau, Kelsey Herndon, Africa Flores, Robert Griffin Oct 2018

Applications Of Nasa Earth Observations For Monitoring Forest Loss In The Madre De Dios Region Of Peru, Andrea Nicolau, Kelsey Herndon, Africa Flores, Robert Griffin

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Electrical Characteristics Of A Balloon-Borne Radiation Instrument, Elena Pradhan, Jared Fuchs Oct 2018

Electrical Characteristics Of A Balloon-Borne Radiation Instrument, Elena Pradhan, Jared Fuchs

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Mission Overview For A Cislunar Gamma-Ray Burst Detector, Chandler Ellis, Jared Fuchs Oct 2018

Mission Overview For A Cislunar Gamma-Ray Burst Detector, Chandler Ellis, Jared Fuchs

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Anticoincidence Detector Performance Analysis, Christopher Helmerich, Erik Korzon Oct 2018

Anticoincidence Detector Performance Analysis, Christopher Helmerich, Erik Korzon

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Radiation Detection At Ultra-High Altitudes, Samantha Johnson, Christopher Helmerich Oct 2018

Radiation Detection At Ultra-High Altitudes, Samantha Johnson, Christopher Helmerich

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Evaluating Methods For Identifying And Monitoring Factors In The Puget Sound That Indicate Eutrophication And Hypoxia, Christine Evans, Emily Kinkle, Helen Baldwin, Yu Han, Robert Griffin Oct 2018

Evaluating Methods For Identifying And Monitoring Factors In The Puget Sound That Indicate Eutrophication And Hypoxia, Christine Evans, Emily Kinkle, Helen Baldwin, Yu Han, Robert Griffin

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Simulation Of An X-Ray/Gamma-Ray Polarization Cubesat, Jared Fuchs, Lucas Capps, Jeren Suzuki Oct 2018

Simulation Of An X-Ray/Gamma-Ray Polarization Cubesat, Jared Fuchs, Lucas Capps, Jeren Suzuki

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.


Comparison Of Raman And Broadband Spectroscopy Methods For Material Identification, Jennifer Miller Oct 2018

Comparison Of Raman And Broadband Spectroscopy Methods For Material Identification, Jennifer Miller

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.