Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Determining Figure Skating Jump Under-Rotation In Real-Time Using Imu Sensors During Practice, Duncan O. Furgeson

Theses and Dissertations

We explore the use of machine learning to detect under-rotation in figure skating jumps. Under- rotation in jumps is difficult for the skater to sense but learning to recognize under-rotation is an impor- tant part of learning proper jump technique. To address this difficulty, we present the Under-rotation Monitor, or UR Monitor, a system for detecting under-rotated figure skating jumps in real-time. UR Monitor uses a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) attached to the skater's waist that sends a stream of accelerometer and gyroscope data to a mobile phone via Bluetooth. The mobile phone creates and sends an input vector …

Detection Of Stroke With Retinal Microvascular Density And Self-Supervised Learning Using Oct-A And Fundus Imaging, Samiksha Pachade, Ivan Coronado, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Juntao Yan, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Amanda Jagolino, Charles Green, Mozhdeh Bahrainian, Roomasa Channa, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Acute cerebral stroke is a leading cause of disability and death, which could be reduced with a prompt diagnosis during patient transportation to the hospital. A portable retina imaging system could enable this by measuring vascular information and blood perfusion in the retina and, due to the homology between retinal and cerebral vessels, infer if a cerebral stroke is underway. However, the feasibility of this strategy, the imaging features, and retina imaging modalities to do this are not clear. In this work, we show initial evidence of the feasibility of this approach by training machine learning models using feature engineering …

A Usability Study Of Fido2 Hardware Tokens On Mobile Devices, Stephen Lambert

Theses and Dissertations

Passwords as the primary form of authentication on the web have many issues, such as password re-use across sites and difficulty in remembering secure passwords. The FIDO Alliance has created a passwordless system that has with support from companies like Google, Apple, and Microsoft: FIDO2. Studies have shown so far that users find FIDO2 usable on personal computers, but no work has been published on its usability on mobile devices. I conducted a lab study in which participants used FIDO2 passwordless authentication with hardware tokens on a mobile phone. Participants found FIDO2 usable on mobile devices, but had similar fears …

An Intercomparison Of Large-Eddy Simulations Of A Convection Cloud Chamber Using Haze-Capable Bin And Lagrangian Cloud Microphysics Schemes, Fan Yang, Fabian Hoffmann, Raymond Shaw, Mikhail Ovchinnikov, Andrew Vogelmann

Michigan Tech Research Data

Recent in-situ observations show that haze particles exist in a convection cloud chamber. The microphysics schemes previously used for large-eddy simulations of the cloud chamber could not fully resolve haze particles and the associated processes, including their activation and deactivation. Specifically, cloud droplet activation is modeled based on Twomey-type parameterizations, wherein cloud droplets are formed when a critical supersaturation for the available cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) is exceeded and haze particles are not explicitly resolved. Here, we develop and adapt haze-capable bin and Lagrangian microphysics schemes to properly resolve the activation and deactivation processes. Results are compared with the Twomey-type …

Water Management And Corrosion Performance From Protective Polymer Coatings With Spatially Controlled Hydrophilic Domains, Jessica M. Davison

Dissertations

Metallic corrosion has become an annual multibillion-dollar problem for the industrialized world and global contamination issue through the process of repair, removing, and reapplying protective coatings. Typical corrosion resistant coatings are comprised of polymeric coating layers with anti-corrosive pigments, plasticizers, sacrificial additives, and/or other formulation materials, which are formulated to prevent, detect, and manage corrosion. Our counterintuitive approach was to improve upon the understanding of how, when, where, and why environmental contaminants (reactants, mainly water and electrolytes) driving corrosion, propagate and accumulate as localized hydrophilicity shifts within a model polymer coated substrate. Herein, hydrogel particles (HGP) were synthesized of defines …

Computer Clinical Decision Support That Automates Personalized Clinical Care: A Challenging But Needed Healthcare Delivery Strategy, Alan H Morris, Christopher Horvat, Brian Stagg, David W Grainger, Michael Lanspa, James Orme, Terry P Clemmer, Lindell K Weaver, Frank O Thomas, Colin K Grissom, Ellie Hirshberg, Thomas D East, Carrie Jane Wallace, Michael P Young, Dean F Sittig, Mary Suchyta, James E Pearl, Antinio Pesenti, Michela Bombino, Eduardo Beck, Katherine A Sward, Charlene Weir, Shobha Phansalkar, Gordon R Bernard, B Taylor Thompson, Roy Brower, Jonathon Truwit, Jay Steingrub, R Duncan Hiten, Douglas F Willson, Jerry J Zimmerman, Vinay Nadkarni, Adrienne G Randolph, Martha A Q Curley, Christopher J L Newth, Jacques Lacroix, Michael S D Agus, Kang Hoe Lee, Bennett P Deboisblanc, Frederick Alan Moore, R Scott Evans, Dean K Sorenson, Anthony Wong, Michael V Boland, Willard H Dere, Alan Crandall, Julio Facelli, Stanley M Huff, Peter J Haug, Ulrike Pielmeier, Stephen E Rees, Dan S Karbing, Steen Andreassen, Eddy Fan, Roberta M Goldring, Kenneth I Berger, Beno W Oppenheimer, E Wesley Ely, Brian W Pickering, David A Schoenfeld, Irena Tocino, Russell S Gonnering, Peter J Pronovost, Lucy A Savitz, Didier Dreyfuss, Arthur S Slutsky, James D Crapo, Michael R Pinsky, Brent James, Donald M Berwick

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

How to deliver best care in various clinical settings remains a vexing problem. All pertinent healthcare-related questions have not, cannot, and will not be addressable with costly time- and resource-consuming controlled clinical trials. At present, evidence-based guidelines can address only a small fraction of the types of care that clinicians deliver. Furthermore, underserved areas rarely can access state-of-the-art evidence-based guidelines in real-time, and often lack the wherewithal to implement advanced guidelines. Care providers in such settings frequently do not have sufficient training to undertake advanced guideline implementation. Nevertheless, in advanced modern healthcare delivery environments, use of eActions (validated clinical decision …

Two Substellar Survivor Candidates; One Found And One Missing, T. Von Hippel, N. Walters, J. Farihi, T.R. Marsh, E. Breedt, P.W. Cauley, J.J. Hermes

Publications

This study presents observations of two possible substellar survivors of post-main sequence engulfment, currently orbiting white dwarf stars. Infrared and optical spectroscopy of GD 1400 reveal a 9.98 h orbital period, where the benchmark brown dwarf has ��2 = 68 ± 8 MJup, ��eff ≈ 2100 K, and a cooling age under 1 Gyr. A substellar mass in the lower range of allowed values is favoured by the gravitational redshift of the primary. Synthetic brown dwarf spectra are able to reproduce the observed CO bands, but lines below the bandhead are notably overpredicted. The known infrared excess towards PG 0010+281 …

Scientists And Activists Work To Save The Planet, Myriam G. Vidal Valero

Capstones

Climate change and human intervention in nature are affecting people, ecosystems and ways of living all over the world. This portfolio of environmental pieces showcases the dire consequences of not addressing these issues, how solutions can be reached and the challenges facing those who try to change things.

Decreasing Trash In Local Creeks: A Program Evaluation Of The City Of San Jose’S Direct Discharge Trash Control Program, Lakeisha Bryant

Master's Projects

The entire San Francisco Bay was once a navigable waterway in the 1850s during the Gold Rush era. Large amounts of sediment from upstream erosion and mining flowed to the bay resulting in the downsizing of the bay’s square miles (Environmental Protection Agency, 2022). As a result of intense development on the bay shores and adjacent lands, the bay faces several challenges that affect its water quality and threatens aquatic ecosystems. Pesticides, mercury, metals, and pathogens are just a few substances in the bay that cause unhealthy conditions for aquatic life and threaten human health. California’s Water Resources Control Board …

Fairness And Privacy In Machine Learning Algorithms, Neha Bhargava

Master of Science in Computer Science Theses

Roughly 2.5 quintillion bytes of data is generated daily in this digital era. Manual processing of such huge amounts of data to extract useful information is nearly impossible but with the widespread use of machine learning algorithms and their ability to process enormous data in a fast, cost-effective, and scalable way has proven to be a preferred choice to glean useful insights and solve business problems in many domains. With this widespread use of machine learning algorithms there has always been concerns about the ethical issues that may arise from the use of this modern technology. While achieving high accuracies, …

Towards A Machine Learning-Based Digital Twin For Non-Invasive Human Bio-Signal Fusion, Izaldein Al-Zyoud, Fedwa Laamarti, Xiaocong Ma, Diana Tobón, Abdulmotaleb Elsaddik

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

Human bio-signal fusion is considered a critical technological solution that needs to be advanced to enable modern and secure digital health and well-being applications in the metaverse. To support such efforts, we propose a new data-driven digital twin (DT) system to fuse three human physiological bio-signals: heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), and blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2). To accomplish this goal, we design a computer vision technology based on the non-invasive photoplethysmography (PPG) technique to extract raw time-series bio-signal data from facial video frames. Then, we implement machine learning (ML) technology to model and measure the bio-signals. We accurately …

Matemáticas Financieras Aplicadas, Odair Triana Calderón

Ciencias Administrativas, Económicas y Contables

Teniendo en cuenta que las matemáticas son una herramienta fundamental en las Ciencias Administrativas, especialmente en las finanzas. MATEMÁTICAS FINANCIERAS APLICADAS, busca dar solución a aquellos problemas de tipo económico y financiero que se presentan en una economía, organización o núcleo familiar, mediante la utilización de modelos matemáticos y la aplicación en Microsoft Excel.

El texto realiza un estudio de problemas de inversión y financiación, donde el cálculo de intereses con base en un capital y atendiendo a variables como el tiempo y las tasas de rendimiento, permite el desarrollo de casos utilizando el interés simple e interés compuesto.

Por …

Proposal For A Definitive Search For Gut-Scale Qcd Axions, L. Brouwer, S. Chaudhuri, H. M. Cho, J. Corbin, C. S. Dawson, A. Droster, J. W. Foster, J. T. Fry, P. W. Graham, R. Henning, K. D. Irwin, F. Kadribasic, Y. Kahn, A. Keller, R. Kolevatov, S. Kuenstner, A. F. Leder, D. Li, J. L. Ouellet, K. M. W. Pappas, A. Phipps, N. M. Rapidis, B. R. Safdi, C. P. Salemi, M. Simanovskaia, J. Singh, E. C. Van Assendelft, K. Van Bibber, K. Wells, L. Winslow, W. J. Wisniewski, Betty A. Young

Physics

The QCD axion is a leading dark matter candidate that emerges as part of the solution to the strong 𝐶⁢𝑃 problem in the Standard Model. The coupling of the axion to photons is the most common experimental probe, but much parameter space remains unexplored. The coupling of the QCD axion to the Standard Model scales linearly with the axion mass; therefore, the highly motivated region 0.4–120 neV, corresponding to a GUT-scale axion, is particularly difficult to reach. This paper presents the design requirements for a definitive search for GUT-scale axions and reviews the technological advances needed to enable this program.

Literature Review On Water Desalination Plant Production And Brine Disposal Methods, Grace Kollars

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Water scarcity is an issue all around the world because people have a lack of clean and available drinking water. One way this issue can be eased and people can have more access to water is implementing water desalination plants around the world. Since most of the water on earth cannot be drunk, there are ways to turn the over abundance of salty waters we have on this planet into fresh, drinkable water to ease the water insecurity. There are many methods out there that can be used for water desalination, most of them involving membrane technologies. The most efficient …

Spatial Validation Of Agent-Based Models, Kristoffer Wikstrom, Hal T. Nelson

Public Administration Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper adapts an existing techno–social agent-based model (ABM) in order to develop a new framework for spatially validating ABMs. The ABM simulates citizen opposition to locally unwanted land uses, using historical data from an energy infrastructure siting process in Southern California. Spatial theory, as well as the model’s design, suggest that adequate validation requires multiple tests rather than relying solely on a single test-statistic. A pattern-oriented modeling approach was employed that first mapped real and simulated citizen comments across the US Census tract. The suite of spatial tests included Global Moran’s I, complemented with bivariate correlations, as well as …

Mussel Squeeze: Dissolved Oxygen And Temperature Can “Squeeze” Zebra Mussels Out Of Invaded Reservoirs, Crysta Gantz, Rich Miller, Steve Wells, Mark D. Sytsma, Angela Strecker

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are an aquatic invasive species that cause extensive economic and ecological impacts and are a management priority in areas outside of their native range. Survivorship and distribution of zebra mussels within a waterbody are thought to be influenced by temperature and dissolved oxygen conditions, but detailed information to confirm the importance of these environmental controls is necessary to inform management efforts. We measured planktonic zebra mussel veliger density and adult survivorship in San Justo Reservoir in central California to determine distribution and timing of spawning in relation to temperature and dissolved oxygen throughout winter, spring, and …

Interactive White Boards In A Secondary Mathematics Classroom, Leann Bolhuis

Mathematics Graduate Theses

"A Formal Portfolio Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & COMPUTER SCIENCE In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS".

Enhanced Structural Control Of Soft-Templated Mesoporous Inorganic Thin Films By Inert Processing Conditions, Maximilliano Jesus Jara Fornerod, Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez, Eric R. Williams, Miximillian W.A. Skoda, Beatriz Prieto-Simon, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Morgan Stefik, Marc-Oliver Coppens, Stefan Guldin

Faculty Publications

Mesoporous thin films are widely used for applications in need of high surface area and efficient mass and charge transport properties. A well-established fabrication process involves the supramolecular assembly of organic molecules (e.g., block copolymers and surfactants) with inorganic materials obtained by sol-gel chemistry. Typically, subsequent calcination in air removes the organic template and reveals the porous inorganic network. A significant challenge for such coatings is the anisotropic shrinkage due to the volume contraction related to solvent evaporation, inorganic condensation, and template removal, affecting the final porosity as well as pore shape, size, arrangement, and accessibility. Here, we show that …

Analyzing Recycling Options For Wind Turbine Blade Waste, Awinita Bunner

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review to identify recycling options for wind turbine blade waste. Wind energy is a rapidly growing energy source due to its renewability and accessibility. However, the turbines that produce this energy have blades that must be replaced throughout the turbine’s lifetime. The standard disposal method of decommissioned blades is the landfill. However, problems are arising within states as landfills are being overrun by the wind turbine blades once they reach their end-of-life. Conducting this study aims to provide a list of recycling options and provide an evaluation of each …

Transposición Didáctica Para La Enseñanza De La Matemática Avanzada Por Medio De Gamificación, Juan David Firigua Bejarano, Karen Giset Duarte Moyano, Jesús Antonio Villarraga Palomino

Educación

El presente proyecto de investigación, tuvo como propósito diseñar escenarios gamificados acordes a la Transposición Didáctica en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de conceptos de matemática avanzada; Teselados, Fractales, Geometría Esférica, Teoría de Grafos y Topología. Esta investigación se fundamentó en la teoría de la Transposición Didáctica propuesta por Chevallard (1997) y las dinámicas de los entornos Gamificados por Werbach y Hunter (2015). Se desarrolló una metodología de enfoque cualitativo, dirigido a estudiantes del grado décimo del Colegio Fundación Manuel Aya, Fusagasugá, la muestra la conformo sesenta y siete (67) estudiantes. Para esto, se caracterizó la población por medio de diversas …

An Imaging Mass Spectrometry Investigation Into The N-Linked Glycosylation Landscape Of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma And The Development Of Associated Tools For Enhanced Glycan Separation And Characterization, Colin Mcdowell

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The severity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is largely attributed to a failure to detect the disease before metastatic spread has occurred. CA19-9, a carbohydrate biomarker, is used clinically to surveille disease progression, but due to specificity challenges is not suitable for early discovery. As CA19-9 and other prospective markers are glycan epitopes, there is great clinical interest in understanding the glycobiology of pancreatic cancer. Unfortunately, few studies have been able to link glycosylation changes directly to pancreatic tumors and instead have focused on peripheral glycan alterations in the serum of PDAC patients. To address this gap in our understanding, …

Structural Reasoning With Rational Expressions, Dana Steinhorst

Theses and Dissertations

Many students struggle to make sense of algebraic expressions in math. This lack of understanding results in students making symbolic manipulation errors, hindering their procedural fluency. Researchers believe these errors are linked to students' lack of structural reasoning. While research has shown that students rarely engage in expert structural reasoning, little is known about how students actually reason structurally. In this study, I interviewed six high school calculus students to study the way they identified, matched, and evaluated structures as they solved problems involving rational expressions and equations. I analyzed the participant interviews and outlined the matching process they used …

Determination Of A Catalytic Mechanism By Time Resolved Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy And Time Domain Analysis Of Data From Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, Jacob T. Davis

Theses and Dissertations

Heterobimetallic catalysts offer large potential for efficient and selective catalysis of a wide range of reactions. Better understanding of these catalytic mechanisms could yield further improvement in their catalytic abilities. Cp(CO)2Fe-Cu(IPr) (IPr = N,N-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) is a catalyst that has been reported to catalyze arene borylation. The catalytic mechanism of this catalyst that had been previously proposed had the initial step being a metal-metal cleavage. However, computational modeling suggested an alternate mechanism that could be more energetically favorable. Rather than a metal-metal cleavage as the initial step, we proposed a photoactivated carbonyl dissociation. To support this proposition, we performed time resolved …

Zeros Of A Family Of Complex-Valued Harmonic Rational Functions, Alexander Lee

Theses and Dissertations

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a useful tool in determining the number of zeros of complex-valued polynomials and rational functions. It does not, however, apply to complex-valued harmonic polynomials and rational functions generally. In this thesis, we determine behaviors of the family of complex-valued harmonic functions $f_{c}(z) = z^{n} + \frac{c}{\overline{z}^{k}} - 1$ that defy intuition for analytic polynomials. We first determine the sum of the orders of zeros by using the harmonic analogue of Rouch\'e's Theorem. We then determine useful geometry of the critical curve and its image in order to count winding numbers by applying the harmonic …

Black Holes, Disk Structures, And Cosmological Implications In E-Dimensional Space, Subhash Kak, Menas C. Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We examine a modern view of the universe that builds on achieved successes of quantum mechanics, general relativity, and information theory, bringing them together in integrated approach that is founded on the realization that space itself is e-dimensional. The global and local implications of noninteger dimensionality are examined, and how it may have increased from the value of zero to its current value is investigated. We find surprising aspects that tie to structures in the universe, black holes, and the role of observations.

Single-Shot, Ultrafast, Multi-Frame X-Ray Imaging Of Defect-Bearing Ablator Materials In Extreme Conditions, Daniel S. Hodge

Theses and Dissertations

Characterization of the dynamic behavior of defect-bearing ablator materials subjected to extreme conditions is essential in advancing fusion energy as an reliable and abundant energy source. By understanding how materials evolve spatially and temporally we can minimize hydrodynamic instabilities, which are major contributing factors to energy yield degradation in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. In this thesis we demonstrate the capabilities of an ultrafast x-ray imaging (UXI) detector, the Icarus V2, where we capture multiple frames of single void-bearing sample compressed by a high-intensity laser shockwave. Using the Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source …

Examining The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Education And Development Of American Students, Riley Fortin '25

Student Research

After the COVID-19 pandemic, the vast majority of American children have fallen behind on core subjects due to the ultimate ineffectiveness of remote learning. This study attempts to discover the degree to which children have fallen behind through the trends in the National Association of Educational Procurement’s two most recent testing years. A database accessed from Google has been analyzed, filtered by state and visualized in tables in order to indicate any possible trends as a result of remote learning brought on by the pandemic. By looking at data in seven different states across the country, there is a notable …

Sexual And Reproductive Health Disparities For Lgbtq+ Patients, Lauren Del Rosario

Student Research

As of 2022, 7.1% of Americans identify as LGBTQ. Members of the LGBTQ+ community in the United States experience greater health disparities than their heterosexual counterparts due to structural inequity: in addition to having minority status within the United States, there is a lack of education and research about LGBTQ+ health-related issues as well as restrictive policies that limit access to health care and other health benefits. As a result, the LGBTQ+ community is more prone to developing certain conditions, have less access to health care, and have worse health outcomes. However, LGBTQ+ visibility has increased dramatically within the last …

Testing Detrital Zircon Age Bias In Tectonic Provenance: Examples From Modern Alluvium In The South Island, New Zealand, Will Sparhawk Fisher

Theses - ALL

Detrital zircon (DZ) grains from 13 drainages across the South Island, New Zealand, were U-Pb dated to ascertain how accurately their ages reflect the geologic record of exposed bedrock. With the proliferation of inexpensive and easily accessible ion microprobes and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers, DZ dating has become the dominant chronometer for elucidating tectonic systematics. Zircon’s physical and chemical resilience makes it an ideal candidate for U-Pb geochronometry, but is also a potential source of bias. Zircon’s resilience in sedimentary systems means it rarely occurs as first order detritus. N = 966 zircon grains from Modern alluvium …

Issues In Melanoma Detection: Semisupervised Deep Learning Algorithm Development Via A Combination Of Human And Artificial Intelligence, Xinyuan Zhang, Ziqian Xie, Yang Xiang, Imran Baig, Mena Kozman, Carly Stender, Luca Giancardo, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Automatic skin lesion recognition has shown to be effective in increasing access to reliable dermatology evaluation; however, most existing algorithms rely solely on images. Many diagnostic rules, including the 3-point checklist, are not considered by artificial intelligence algorithms, which comprise human knowledge and reflect the diagnosis process of human experts.

OBJECTIVE: In this paper, we aimed to develop a semisupervised model that can not only integrate the dermoscopic features and scoring rule from the 3-point checklist but also automate the feature-annotation process.

METHODS: We first trained the semisupervised model on a small, annotated data set with disease and dermoscopic …