Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Colorado River Basin Water Accounts: 1-Page Summary, David E. Rosenberg

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

26 Colorado River managers and experts constructively improved basin water accounts as a framework to transition emergency reservoir operations into more sustainable, equitable, and adaptive water uses.

Challenges And Measurements For Governance Of Modern Cyber Space Society, Pinghui Wang, Hongbin Pei, Junzhou Zhao, Tao Qin, Chao Shen, Dongliang Liu, Xiaohong Guan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The rapid development of information technology has unprecedentedly created a prosperous cyber society and greatly enhanced productivity facilitated by social interaction. At the same time, many problems emerge in the cyber society, such as telecom fraud, privacy leakage, Internet pollution, and algorithmic discrimination. The problems bring new challenges to social order and security. In order to find the way of cyber society governance and promote the modernization of national governance, this paper first presents the analyses on the new problems encountered in the cyber society in three typical scenarios, i.e., identity governance, behavior governance, and algorithm governance, as well as …

Big Data Technology Enabling Legal Supervision, Qingjie Liu, Shuo Liu, Yirong Wu, Yueqiang Weng, Yihao Wen, Ming Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Legal supervision plays an important role in the national governance system and capacity. In the era of digital revolution, the rapid development of digital procuratorial work with big data legal supervision as the core promotes to reshape the legal supervision and governance system. In this study, the inherent need of legal supervision for active prosecution in the new era, and the innovative role of new public interest litigation in comprehensive social governance, are firstly analyzed. Then, the core meaning and reshaping role of big-data-enabling-legalsupervision and supervision-promoting-national-governance of digital prosecution are discussed. After summarizing the practical experiences and challenges of big …

Strengthen Fundamental Role Of Data Element Governance In National Governance Modernization, Kaihua Chen, Zhuo Feng, Rui Guo, Yue Hao, Jin Kang, Xiaoguang Yang, Chao Zhang, Binbin Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Data element governance is a key factor to promote the modernization of national governance in the digital era. By strengthening the deep integration of data factors and national governance, a new model of data-driven national governance can be formed, and the national governance can be made more scientific, refined, intelligent, and efficient. The US and European countries have continuously strengthened the top-level system design, technological innovation application, collaborative governance mechanism, and global governance cooperation of data element governance, which has effectively improved the level of data element governance and provided experience for China. Nevertheless, due to the virtuality of data …

Strategic Perspective Of Leveraging New Generation Information Technology To Enable Modernization Of Emergency Management, Haibo Zhang, Xinyu Dai, Depei Qian, Jian Lyu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The application and development of the new generation information technology is a vital support to realize the modernization of emergency management. At present, the new generation information technology such as big data and artificial intelligence has been widely used in natural disasters, safe production, and other fields. It has improved the monitoring and early warning, regulation and law enforcement, command and decision support, rescue, and social mobilization capabilities of governments, promoted the level of intrinsic safety of enterprises, provided important support for the precise prevention and control of the COVID-19, and increased the efficiency of China’s emergency management and sense …

Compatibility Of Crude Oil Blends─Processing Issues Related To Asphaltene Precipitation, Methods Of Instability Prediction─A Review, Krzysztof Bambinek, Andrzej Przyjazny, Grzegorz Boczkaj

Natural Sciences Publications

Processing crude oil of variable composition, especially due to the need to process crude oil blends obtained from various sources, presents a tremendous process challenge. This is mainly due to the destabilization of the colloidal system manifested mostly by the precipitation of the asphaltene fraction. The precipitation of asphaltenes from crude oil is a serious problem during extraction, transport, and processing. In the latter case, engineers and scientists have spent a lot of time determining what mechanisms are conducive to the occurrence of this phenomenon. On the one hand, there was a scientific curiosity about the principles of the nanoworld …

Pariette Wetlands Water, Sediment And Plant Total Selenium Concentration, Colleen P. Jones, Paul R. Grossl, Astrid R. Jacobson

Browse all Datasets

We measured total Selenium in plants from July through November of 2012 and in water, macroinvertebrates, plants, and sediments from July of 2014 from Pariette Wetlands, Utah, U.S.A. to test for spatial, temporal, plant species and plant tissue distribution of Selenium.

Creating Data From Unstructured Text With Context Rule Assisted Machine Learning (Craml), Stephen Meisenbacher, Peter Norlander

School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Popular approaches to building data from unstructured text come with limitations, such as scalability, interpretability, replicability, and real-world applicability. These can be overcome with Context Rule Assisted Machine Learning (CRAML), a method and no-code suite of software tools that builds structured, labeled datasets which are accurate and reproducible. CRAML enables domain experts to access uncommon constructs within a document corpus in a low-resource, transparent, and flexible manner. CRAML produces document-level datasets for quantitative research and makes qualitative classification schemes scalable over large volumes of text. We demonstrate that the method is useful for bibliographic analysis, transparent analysis of proprietary data, …

Phase I Activities Of The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth Mri) In The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District, Georgina Lukoczki, Craig Dietsch, John B. Hickman, Emily Morris, Douglas C. Curl, Carrie Pulliam, Stephanie Vicroy, William M. Andrews Jr.

Report of Investigations--KGS

The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District (WKFD), which comprises the Kentucky portion of the Illinois–Kentucky Fluorspar District, is well known for the occurrence of strategically important critical mineral resources, such as fluorite (fluorspar) and rare earth elements (REEs). Due to technological advances, demand has increased for critical minerals used in cell phones, magnets in wind turbines, batteries for electric vehicles, smart weapons, and other devices and systems. The overall objective of the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI) program, directed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), is to gather information that will help better understand the distribution of critical minerals in …

Metallacycle-Mediated Cross-Coupling As An Enabling Tool For Studies In Carbocycle Synthesis And Functionalization, Adam Barry Millham

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Natural products, specifically complex, carbocyclic natural products, have served as the inspiration for novel methods development for decades. Over that time, metallacycle-mediated cross-coupling has arisen as a powerful means for the synthesis of fused carbocycles. This work details three methods for the synthesis and functionalization of carbocyclic motifs that have been enabled by Ti-mediated cross-coupling reactions. The first of these studies include a complementary method to the Pauson–Khand reaction for the synthesis of highly substituted cyclopentenones via Ti-mediated alkyne–β-ketoester coupling. The second project, a modern approach to steroidal tetracycles, will be discussed that features: (1) an alkoxide-directed metallacycle-mediated [2+2+2] annulation …

Cenozoic Extension Of The Lake Tanganyika Rift, East Africa: Structures, Tectonostratigraphy And Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction, Shaidu Shaban

Dissertations - ALL

Active continental rifts are ideal sites for understanding the break-up of continents, and long-lived rift lake environments are known as important reservoirs for endemic communities and biodiversity. The sedimentary fill of extensional continental rifts within the East Africa Rift System (EARS) records a long history of continental extension and variable tropical climate that is unparalleled in its duration and fidelity. Continental extensional basins are sensitive to variations caused by the interplay between tectonics, sedimentary processes, and climate change. However, to discern the sedimentary fill history and its related tectonostratigraphy, as well as for reconstructing past climate changes, high-fidelity data such …

A Coherence-Colored Look Inside Reverse Micelles: Advancing Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry To Characterize Internal Water Pool Dynamics, Alec Beaton

Dissertations - ALL

Traditional data acquisition methods in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) collect a subset of the total amount of generated data and discard the rest. In this work, a modified approach toward NMR data acquisition and analysis is formalized and applied in a series of different contexts, ultimately illustrating the utility of collecting and considering this traditionally discarded data. In particular, it is shown that this approach both facilitates and improves NMR data acquisition capabilities at low field (15 MHz), enabling one to overcome challenges arising from, for example, fluctuations in the static magnetic field.With these developments in hand, the dual resonance …

Hybrid Life Cycles In Software Development, Eric Vincent Schoenborn

Masters Projects

This project applied software specification gathering, architecture, work planning, and development to a real-world development effort for a local business. This project began with a feasibility meeting with the owner of Zeal Aerial Fitness. After feasibility was assessed the intended users, needed functionality, and expected user restrictions were identified with the stakeholders. A hybrid software lifecycle was selected to allow a focus on base functionality up front followed by an iterative development of expectations of the stakeholders. I was able to create various specification diagrams that express the end projects goals to both developers and non-tech individuals using a standard …

Arginine Methylation Of The Pgc-1Α C‑Terminus Is Temperature- Dependent, Meryl Mendoz, Mariel Mendoza, Tiffany Lubrino, Sidney Briski, Immaculeta Osuji, Janielle Cuala, Brendan Ly, Ivan Ocegueda, Harvey Peralta, Benjamin A. Garcia, Cecilia Zurita-Lopez

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

We set out to determine whether the C-terminus (amino acids 481–798) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α, UniProt Q9UBK2), a regulatory metabolic protein involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and respiration, is an arginine methyltransferase substrate. Arginine methylation by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) alters protein function and thus contributes to various cellular processes. In addition to confirming methylation of the C-terminus by PRMT1 as described in the literature, we have identified methylation by another member of the PRMT family, PRMT7. We performed in vitro methylation reactions using recombinant mammalian PRMT7 and PRMT1 at 37, 30, 21, 18, and 4 °C. …

Hamilton Cycles In Bidirected Complete Graphs, Arthur Busch, Mohammed A. Mutar, Daniel Slilaty

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Zaslavsky observed that the topics of directed cycles in directed graphs and alternating cycles in edge 2-colored graphs have a common generalization in the study of coherent cycles in bidirected graphs. There are classical theorems by Camion, Harary and Moser, Häggkvist and Manoussakis, and Saad which relate strong connectivity and Hamiltonicity in directed "complete" graphs and edge 2-colored "complete" graphs. We prove two analogues to these theorems for bidirected "complete" signed graphs.

The Unexpected Effectiveness Of Strategically Sparse Cooperation, Neal D. Munson

Theses and Dissertations

In this work, we will show a result derived from a class of economically inspired multi-agent differential games. The result shows that in the class of games we present, only a sparse cooperation structure is needed by the agents to achieve an outcome that is in a particular sense "optimal". One may expect that to achieve such an outcome, a centralized control or full cooperation would be necessary; it is not. Not only is it not necessary - it is never necessary. We precisely characterize what kind of cooperation IS necessary to attain that kind of optimality. Only the sparsest …

Golay Codes And Quantum Contextuality, Mordecai Waegell, P. K. Aravind

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

It is shown that the codewords of the binary and ternary Golay codes can be converted into rays in RP²³ and RP¹¹ that provide proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem in real state spaces of dimensions 24 and 12, respectively. Some implications of these results are discussed.

Short-Range Magnetic Correlations, Spontaneous Magnetovolume Effect, And Local Distortion In Magnetic Semiconductor Mnte, Raju Baral

Theses and Dissertations

The antiferromagnetic semiconductor MnTe has recently attracted significant interest as a potential high-performance thermoelectric material. Its promising thermoelectric properties are due in large part to short-range magnetic correlations in the paramagnetic state, which enhance the thermopower through the paramagnon drag effect. Using magnetic pair distribution function (mPDF) analysis of neutron total scattering data, we present a detailed, real-space picture of the short-range magnetic correlation in MnTe, offering a deeper view into the paramagnon drag effect and the nature of the correlated paramagnetic state. We confirm the presence of nanometer-scale antiferromagnetic correlations far into the paramagnetic state, show the evolution of …

Association Of Chlorhexidine Use And Scaling And Root Planing With Birth Outcomes In Pregnant Individuals With Periodontitis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Maxwell Akonde, Rajat Das Gupta, Maxwell Akonde, Mark Reynolds, Stephanie Smith-Warner, Jihong Liu Sc.D., Fouzia Tarannum, James Beck, Donald Mattison

Faculty Publications

Importance Chlorhexidine mouthwash enhances treatment effects of conventional periodontal treatment, but data on chlorhexidine as a source of heterogeneity in meta-analyses assessing the treatment of maternal periodontitis in association with birth outcomes are lacking.

Objective To assess possible heterogeneity by chlorhexidine use in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of periodontal treatment (ie, scaling and root planing [SRP]) vs no treatment on birth outcomes.

Data Sources Cochrane Oral Health’s Trials Register, Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth’s Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science …

Association Of Chlorhexidine Use And Scaling And Root Planing With Birth Outcomes In Pregnant Individuals With Periodontitis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anwar T. Nerchant, Rajat Das Gupta, Maxwell Akonde, Mark Reynolds, Stephanie Smith-Warner, Jihong Liu, Fouzia Tarannum, James Beck, Donald Mattison

Faculty Publications

Importance Chlorhexidine mouthwash enhances treatment effects of conventional periodontal treatment, but data on chlorhexidine as a source of heterogeneity in meta-analyses assessing the treatment of maternal periodontitis in association with birth outcomes are lacking.

Objective To assess possible heterogeneity by chlorhexidine use in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of periodontal treatment (ie, scaling and root planing [SRP]) vs no treatment on birth outcomes.

Data Sources Cochrane Oral Health’s Trials Register, Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth’s Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science …

A Causal-Comparative Study Of The Impact Of Meaningful Watershed Environmental Experiences On The Academic Achievement Of Middle School Students, Gina R. Mason

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Meaningful watershed educational experiences (MWEE) are student-centered, problem solving-oriented environmental educational experiences in which students investigate local environmental issues leading to civic engagement and informed action. The four components of an MWEE include issue definition, outdoor field experience, synthesis and conclusion, and action projects. While multiple benefits have been shown to be gained through participation in environmental education, this study’s aim was to observe the impact MWEEs have on academic achievement in middle school students. This quantitative, ex post facto, causal-comparative study examined the impact MWEEs had on students’ achievement scores, as measured by Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) …

Defining Traffic Scenarios For The Visually Impaired, Judith Jakob, Kordula Kugele, József Tick

The Qualitative Report

For the development of a transfer concept of camera-based object detections from Advanced Driver Assistance Systems to the assistance of the visually impaired, we define relevant traffic scenarios and vision use cases by means of problem-centered interviews with four experts and ten members of the target group. We identify the six traffic scenarios: general orientation, navigating to an address, crossing a road, obstacle avoidance, boarding a bus, and at the train station clustered into the three categories: Orientation, Pedestrian, and Public Transport. Based on the data, we describe each traffic scenario and derive a summarizing table adapted from software engineering …

Application Of Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing For Pressure Predictions And Multiphase Flow Characterization, Gerald Kelechi Ekechukwu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In the oil and gas industry, distributed fiber optics sensing (DFOS) has the potential to revolutionize well and reservoir surveillance applications. Using fiber optic sensors is becoming increasingly common because of its chemically passive and non-magnetic interference properties, the possibility of flexible installations that could be behind the casing, on the tubing, or run on wireline, as well as the potential for densely distributed measurements along the entire length of the fiber. The main objectives of my research are to develop and demonstrate novel signal processing and machine learning computational techniques and workflows on DFOS data for a variety of …

Effect Of Temperature And Sodium Chloride Addition On The Conductivity Of Sodium (Polystyrene Sulfonate) Aqueous Solutions, Saida Asfour, Ahmed Ayyad, Fahed Takrori

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The conductivity of sodium (polystyrene sulfonate) (NaPSS) aqueous solutions as a function of NaPSS concentration 0.15 g – 2.0 g NaPSS in 100 mL of distilled water, sodium chloride concentration (NaCl) in the range of 0.1 M - 0.4 M and in temperature range of 278 K – 328 K have been studied. The study found that conductivity increases with increasing NaPSS concentration both in pure water and in salt solution. It is also found that conductivity increases with increasing either NaCl concentration or temperature. The interesting finding here is that additivity rule, that the conductivity of the polyelectrolyte kps …

Post-Translational Modifications Of Cyclophilin D Fine-Tune Its Conformational Dynamics And Activity: Implications For Its Mitochondrial Function, Jacques Kumutima, Xin-Qiu Joe Yao, Donald Hamelberg

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of a cell, whose disruption due to mitochondrial pore opening can cause cell death, leading to necrosis and many other diseases. The peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase cyclophilin D (CypD) is a key player in the regulation of the mitochondrial pore. The activity of CypD can be modulated by the post-translational modification (PTM). However, the detailed mechanism of this functional modulation is not well understood. Here, we investigate the catalytic mechanism of unmodified and modified CypD by calculating the reaction free energy profiles and characterizing the function-related conformational dynamics using molecular dynamics simulations and associated analyses. Our results …

A Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model For Detecting Keratoconus, Zaid Abdi Alkareem Alyasseri, Ali H. Al-Timemy, Ammar Kamal Abasi, Alexandru Lavric, Husam Jasim Mohammed, Hidenori Takahashi, Jose Arthur Milhomens Filho, Mauro Campos, Rossen M. Hazarbassanov, Siamak Yousefi

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Machine learning models have recently provided great promise in diagnosis of several ophthalmic disorders, including keratoconus (KCN). Keratoconus, a noninflammatory ectatic corneal disorder characterized by progressive cornea thinning, is challenging to detect as signs may be subtle. Several machine learning models have been proposed to detect KCN, however most of the models are supervised and thus require large well-annotated data. This paper proposes a new unsupervised model to detect KCN, based on adapted flower pollination algorithm (FPA) and the k-means algorithm. We will evaluate the proposed models using corneal data collected from 5430 eyes at different stages of KCN severity …

Potential Benefits Of The Campus Outdoor Built Environment On Student Stress, Leading To Improved Retention, Kevin Dilliard

Graduate Liberal Studies Theses and Dissertations

University landscape managers often ask themselves, are they making a difference? Since what they do is not a revenue-generating department, how can they validate their true worth beyond making the campus beautiful, which is excellent, but what added value do they bring? As is common practice, when economic times get tough, the landscape department budget is one of the first to be cut, but is that the wisest thing to do? This research was intended to explore the concept that the services landscape managers provide have a return on investment by providing an environment in which students can thrive and …

Regression Modeling Of Complex Survival Data Based On Pseudo-Observations, Rong Rong

Statistical Science Theses and Dissertations

The restricted mean survival time (RMST) is a clinically meaningful summary measure in studies with survival outcomes. Statistical methods have been developed for regression analysis of RMST to investigate impacts of covariates on RMST, which is a useful alternative to the Cox regression analysis. However, existing methods for regression modeling of RMST are not applicable to left-truncated right-censored data that arise frequently in prevalent cohort studies, for which the sampling bias due to left truncation and informative censoring induced by the prevalent sampling scheme must be properly addressed. Meanwhile, statistical methods have been developed for regression modeling of the cumulative …

Lens: A Novel Image Processing-Based Approach For Low-Cost Segmentation Of Computed Tomography Scans Of Lungs, Monica Hinga

Computer Science ETDs

A staggering amount of data has been collected and analyzed since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of that data, however, particularly computed tomography (CT) scans of lungs, are difficult to analyze computationally. Segmentation of COVID-19 lesions provides researchers with insights into where lesions form, their volume, and in the case of time course data, how lesions grow as disease progresses. Spatial information, which has received little attention in the literature, has the potential to provide valuable insight to within-host viral and immune dynamics. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art supervised deep learning methods require labeled data, which can be prohibitively expensive to …

Two Studies On Binary Program Stylometry: A White-Box Analysis And A Deep Learning Analysis On Some Crypto Ransomware, Alexander Mitchell

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Computer programmers often leave their individual programming styles in source code. Recent studies show that contrary to a popular belief, many of such programming styles can survive, in controlled environments, code compilation into binary. From the binary programming styles can be effectively retrieved for enhanced binary authorship attribution; such binary authorship attribution is often called binary program stylometry. In this thesis, we first perform a white-box impact analysis of various factors in code compilation on programming styles. For the MS Windows platform, we study the impact of multiple compilers, including gcc, Clang, and MSVC, their optimization levels, symbol stripping, and …