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Proceedings Of The First Annual Symposium On The Wright State Woods, College Of Science And Mathematics, College Of Liberal Arts Nov 2018

Proceedings Of The First Annual Symposium On The Wright State Woods, College Of Science And Mathematics, College Of Liberal Arts

1st Annual Wright State Woods Symposium

The proceeding of the Woods Symposium held at Wright State University and sponsored by the College of Science and Mathematics and the College of Liberal Arts.


Mosquito Hunter: An Intern's Perspective In A Public Health Department Mosquito Surveillance Program, Marisa Walterbusch Jan 2018

Mosquito Hunter: An Intern's Perspective In A Public Health Department Mosquito Surveillance Program, Marisa Walterbusch

The University Honors Program

As a Special Services Intern at Public Health - Dayton & Montgomery County (PHDMC), I gained first-hand experience as to the daily functioning of a Public Health Department and had the opportunity to work on a special project, the Mosquito Surveillance Program. PHDMC employs professionals in a variety of disciplines, all working towards the goal of protecting the health of the public. One way they accomplish this is through various inspections including restaurant, wellhead, and landfill. Another method to protect the public health is through the capture and testing of mosquitoes, with the goal of preventing the spread of mosquito-borne …


Degradation Of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons By (I) Sulfide-Treated Hydrous Ferric Oxide (Hfo) And (Ii) Hydroxyl Radicals Produced In The Dark By Oxygenation Of Sodium Dithionite-Reduced Hfo, Dhurba Raj Pandey Jan 2018

Degradation Of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons By (I) Sulfide-Treated Hydrous Ferric Oxide (Hfo) And (Ii) Hydroxyl Radicals Produced In The Dark By Oxygenation Of Sodium Dithionite-Reduced Hfo, Dhurba Raj Pandey

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A previous work demonstrated that sulfide-treated iron oxides (goethite, hematite, and magnetite) may not show reductive pathways with carbon tetrachloride (CT) as observed with lab-precipitated iron sulfide. We examined the kinetics and products of reaction of sulfide-treated hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) towards select chlorinated hydrocarbons in batch reactors with HFO: HS- molar ratio of 1:1.5 at pH 7. CT, 1,1,2-trichlroethane (1,1,2-TeCA), 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-TeCA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA) showed faster kinetics whereas chloroform (CF) showed slower kinetics. Trichloroethene (TCE) degradation was observed at three pHs: 7, 8 and 10; the loss in the reactors were not much different from controls at pH …


Interpretation Of A Seismic Reflection Survey And Geophysical Well Logs In Jay County, Indiana: Orientation And Composition Of A Carbonate Layer Below The Mount Simon Sandstone, Md Saiful Alam Jan 2018

Interpretation Of A Seismic Reflection Survey And Geophysical Well Logs In Jay County, Indiana: Orientation And Composition Of A Carbonate Layer Below The Mount Simon Sandstone, Md Saiful Alam

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In August 2017, a dynamite-sourced 2D seismic reflection survey was conducted along a gravel road northwest of Portland, Indiana. The main focus of the survey was to determine the orientation of a lithologic unit previously identified by Welder (2014) on a similar 2D seismic reflection survey in the same area. Drillers logs of two wells within this area identified a limestone layer below the Mt. Simon Sandstone, and a similar limestone layer was identified in a well drilled in Clark County, Ohio. As the focus of this study, this limestone layer will be informally named the `Votaw limestone'. The seismic …


Power Scaling Of The Mainland Shoreline Of The Contiguous United States, Erik S. Vasko Jan 2018

Power Scaling Of The Mainland Shoreline Of The Contiguous United States, Erik S. Vasko

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Previous fractal analyses of shoreline roughness have measured the fractal dimension of long segments of shoreline, e.g. Mandelbrot (1983) quantified the shoreline of the west coast of Britain and Feder (1988) quantified the shoreline of Norway. Consequently, changes in roughness along short segments are not captured by the analysis. In this study, the fractal dimension of the mainland shoreline of the contiguous United States has been measured in 125, 250, and 375 km segments using the box-counting method. The box counting method is based on the equation N = c x b where N is number of occupied boxes, C …


Evaluating Sediments As An Ecosystem Service In Western Lake Erie Through Quantification Of Nitrogen Cycling Pathways, Ashlynn Rose Boedecker Jan 2018

Evaluating Sediments As An Ecosystem Service In Western Lake Erie Through Quantification Of Nitrogen Cycling Pathways, Ashlynn Rose Boedecker

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Lake Erie experiences annual cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs), comprised mostly of non-nitrogen-fixing Microcystis, due to excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs (eutrophication). Lake Erie's watershed is mostly agricultural, and fertilizers, manure, and drainage practices contribute to high nutrient loads. This study aimed to clarify the role of Lake Erie sediments in either exacerbating or mitigating conditions that fuel HABs via recycling and/or removal, respectively, of excess N and P. Sediment-water interface N dynamics were evaluated in low HAB (2016, dry) and high HAB (2017, wet spring and early summer) years. Intact sediment cores and overlying water were collected …


Lead In Tap Water From The City Of Dayton, Ohio, Kayla Marie Haman Jan 2018

Lead In Tap Water From The City Of Dayton, Ohio, Kayla Marie Haman

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Lead (Pb) in public tap water is a national health concern and is the main pathway of human exposure to Pb. The City of Dayton has verified Pb pipelines and homes with Pb plumbing; thus, residents are at risk to Pb leaching into their tap water. I sampled water from 130 residential and 24 public water taps and measured Pb and copper (Cu). Five percent of samples exceeded the action level for Pb (> 15 [micro]g/L) and none exceeded the action level for Cu. The City of Dayton's lead pipeline map identifies potential Pb exposure from Pb distribution pipes. However, …


Geophysical Exploration Of The Upper Crust Underlying North-Central Indiana: New Insight Into The Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province, Michael Ray Green Jan 2018

Geophysical Exploration Of The Upper Crust Underlying North-Central Indiana: New Insight Into The Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province, Michael Ray Green

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This study analyzes ten 2D seismic lines donated by CountryMark together with potential field data to examine the upper crustal structure near Wabash, Indiana. These seismic profiles reveal significant relief of the Precambrian Unconformity and prominent upper crustal reflections. The Precambrian Unconformity interpreted from the unmigrated stacked seismic sections is characterized by undulations and bowtie artifacts. Zero offset seismic models constructed using profiles of the exposed Precambrian Unconformity across the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province outcrops of the St. Francois Mountains feature the same seismic expression. The upper crust below the Precambrian Unconformity on the Countrymark seismic sections is also characterized by …


Sedimentary Architecture And Paleochannel Dimensions Of The Lamotte Sandstone Of Southeastern Missouri, Jamilyn Ann Moore Jan 2018

Sedimentary Architecture And Paleochannel Dimensions Of The Lamotte Sandstone Of Southeastern Missouri, Jamilyn Ann Moore

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This study focused on outcrops of the Lamotte Sandstone (Cambrian) within Hawn State Park near Farmington, Missouri. The goal was to estimate the channel depth, channel width, and channel belt width for rivers that deposited this portion of the Lamotte Ss. Sedimentary characteristics (grain size, bedding type and thickness, and unit bar and compound bar boundaries) were mapped within three outcrops on photomosaics and within graphic sedimentary logs (totaling 14 m vertically). The change in sedimentary characteristics from the lowest to the highest deposits studied suggest the formation and filling of a major channel within the braided channel belt. The …


Searching For The Unmarked Henry Kinsey Family Graves At The Va Hospital Grounds In Dayton, Ohio, Using Magnetic, Electromagnetic, And Radar Methods, Andrew William Bergman Jan 2017

Searching For The Unmarked Henry Kinsey Family Graves At The Va Hospital Grounds In Dayton, Ohio, Using Magnetic, Electromagnetic, And Radar Methods, Andrew William Bergman

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The Henry Kinsey family was among the first to settle in the Dayton, Ohio, region in the early 19th century. Henry, and his wife Eva, were buried near what is known as the deer keeper’s lodge, a small building where the deer keeper lived, on the modern-day Dayton Veterans Affairs hospital grounds. In the time since they have been buried, the location of their gravesites has been lost. The main purpose of this thesis is to locate and map their graves using multiple geophysical methods. A secondary purpose is to compare the effectiveness of each geophysical method. Three geophysical methods …


Removal Of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons By Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Supported On Powdered Activated Charcoal, Md Abu Raihan Chowdhury Jan 2017

Removal Of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons By Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Supported On Powdered Activated Charcoal, Md Abu Raihan Chowdhury

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Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron (NZVI) has shown limited effectiveness in degrading chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), like 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) and Trichloroethene (TCE), in aqueous solution. A rapid agglomeration behavior of NZVI particles due to van der waals and magnetic forces can negatively impact its overall effectiveness due to increase in particle size, and decline in CHC degradation kinetics. Different support materials, such as clays and activated carbon, have been used to stabilize NZVI particle and reduce agglomeration in aqueous solution. In this bench-scale study, NZVI supported on Powdered Activated Charcoal (PAC) was selected to prepare a composite, called PAC/NZVI, for a more …


Pre-Mt. Simon Seismic Sequences Below West-Central Indiana: Local Interpretation And Regional Significance, Andrew Michael Parent Jan 2017

Pre-Mt. Simon Seismic Sequences Below West-Central Indiana: Local Interpretation And Regional Significance, Andrew Michael Parent

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Constraining the composition, structure, and origin of basement provinces, deep assemblages of Precambrian rocks, is largely dependent on deep boreholes and geophysical techniques. This is especially true for the eastern U.S. midcontinent. Here, I employ regional 2-D seismic reflection, Bouguer gravity, and aeromagnetic data to interpret the upper crust below west-central Indiana. Seismic reflection data were donated to Wright State University in 2015. Geopotential data are available through the USGS and affiliates. These geophysical data, together, are analyzed in a regional geologic context. Three distinct seismic stratigraphic sequences are observed on 2-D sections. The first, uppermost sequence, typified by continuous, …


Linking The Variance Of Permeability And Porosity To Newly Interpreted Lithofacies At The Site Of The Illinois Basin - Decatur Project, Decatur, Illinois, Ritu Chaity Ghose Jan 2017

Linking The Variance Of Permeability And Porosity To Newly Interpreted Lithofacies At The Site Of The Illinois Basin - Decatur Project, Decatur, Illinois, Ritu Chaity Ghose

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For effective geological sequestration of CO_2, it is critical to understand the processes associated with CO_2 movement and trapping in reservoirs, which requires a proper understanding of a diverse set of heterogeneous geologic properties. A highly-resolved data set from the Cambrian lower Mt. Simon sandstone reservoir (Unit A) in Decatur, Illinois, was used in a new approach to analyzing the variance of permeability and porosity. Newly interpreted bedding types, along with other factors, including grain size, and presence of bleached alterations, were considered in the analysis of variance. The results reveal that the factors contributing most to the sample variance …


Methylmercury Bioaccumulation In Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma Maculatum) In Southern Ohio, Rachel Alex Walker Jan 2017

Methylmercury Bioaccumulation In Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma Maculatum) In Southern Ohio, Rachel Alex Walker

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Mercury (Hg) is a volatile element increasing in concentration in the environment as a result of anthropogenic emissions. Microorganisms can transform mercury into monomethylmercury (MMHg), the form of Hg that bioaccumulates, biomagnifies, and can harm humans and wildlife. Most studies of MMHg bioaccumulation in wildlife have focused on aquatic organisms due to consumption of fish being the primary route of human exposure to MMHg. However, organisms in terrestrial ecosystems also are exposed to MMHg that may impact ecosystem biodiversity, food-web dynamics, and organisms and ecosystem health. I investigated bioaccumulation and maternal transfer of MMHg in spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) captured …


Upstream Sources Inhibit Benthic Phosphorus Fluxes In The Lower Great Miami River, Southwest Ohio, Kortney Mullen Jan 2017

Upstream Sources Inhibit Benthic Phosphorus Fluxes In The Lower Great Miami River, Southwest Ohio, Kortney Mullen

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Human activities have increased nutrient loadings to aquatic ecosystems during the past century. During low river flow in late summer and early fall, excessive concentrations of phosphorus (P) are present in the Lower Great Miami River (LGMR) and contribute to its eutrophication. Although wastewater treatment plants are suspected of being major point sources of P to the LGMR during low river flow, riverbed sediment has not been examined as an additional potential source of P. Benthic P fluxes were measured at 11 representative locations along the LGMR during late summer and early fall of 2015. Sediment and overlying water sampled …


Analysis Of Well Log Data And A 2d Seismic Reflection Survey In The Vicinity Of London, Ohio, Mohammad Mohshin Jan 2017

Analysis Of Well Log Data And A 2d Seismic Reflection Survey In The Vicinity Of London, Ohio, Mohammad Mohshin

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During the summer of 2015 a 2D seismic line (WSU-2015), ~2.3km long, was collected by Wright State University along Watson Road, south of London, Ohio. This seismic line is parallel to and approximately 1/4 km south of `Line 6' of Mayhew (1969), which is one of six analog, single-fold seismic lines within the area that he studied. The focus of this research is to interpret the stratigraphy revealed by the new seismic line, especially to evaluate the existence or otherwise of a fault that Mayhew (1969) inferred in his interpretation. An important step in this new interpretation was to construct …


A Survey Of Weed Varieties In Samanabad, Lahore, Sadaf Nazir, Beenish Zia Butt, Anjum Navid Jul 2016

A Survey Of Weed Varieties In Samanabad, Lahore, Sadaf Nazir, Beenish Zia Butt, Anjum Navid

Journal of Bioresource Management

A weed is an herbaceous plant that grows as a wild plant, and is considered a hindrance in the growth of preferred vegetation or cumbering the ground, and has no value for beauty or use. However, some weeds have roles in medicine, ecology and many other fields. A survey was conducted in Lahore to observe the weed varieties present in the area of Samanabad. The present study was carried out in May and June 2014.The primary purpose of the study was to gain knowledge about the availability of the total number of species present in this area. We also assessed …


The End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction And The Chicxulub Impact, Rebecca Teed May 2016

The End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction And The Chicxulub Impact, Rebecca Teed

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

This handout focuses on the evidence for the theory that a massive meteor impact off the coast of Mexico caused the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period. The dinosaurs and about 75% of all marine invertebrate species and many other organisms died abruptly at this time. It is part of a set of four articles on possible causes of the Permian and Cretaceous mass extinctions that can be used to organize classroom debates or to have students compare and contrast the events and their causes.


The End-Permian Mass Extinction And A Possible Massive Impact, Rebecca Teed May 2016

The End-Permian Mass Extinction And A Possible Massive Impact, Rebecca Teed

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

This handout examines the evidence for the theory that a massive meteor impact caused the mass extinction at the end of the Permian Period. This is the worst mass extinction known to geologists, and 90% or more of all species on Earth were wiped out. It is part of a set of four articles on possible causes of the Permian and Cretaceous mass extinctions that can be used to organize classroom debates or to have students compare and contrast the events and their causes.


The End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction And The Deccan Traps Eruptions, Rebecca Teed May 2016

The End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction And The Deccan Traps Eruptions, Rebecca Teed

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

This handout focuses on the evidence for the theory that a series of flood-basalt eruptions in northern India caused the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period. The dinosaurs and about 75% of all marine invertebrate species and many other organisms died abruptly at this time. This is one of a set of four articles on possible causes of the Permian and Cretaceous mass extinctions that can be used to organize classroom debates or to have students compare and contrast the events and their causes.


The End-Permian Mass Extinction And The Siberian Traps Eruptions, Rebecca Teed May 2016

The End-Permian Mass Extinction And The Siberian Traps Eruptions, Rebecca Teed

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

This handout focuses on the evidence for the theory that a series of flood-basalt eruptions in Siberia caused the mass extinction at the end of the Permian Period. This is the worst mass extinction known to geologists, and 90% or more of all species on Earth were wiped out. It is part of a set of four articles on possible causes of the Permian and Cretaceous mass extinctions that can be used to organize classroom debates or to have students compare and contrast the events and their causes.


Application Of Time-Frequency Analysis To Characterize Gas Shadows From The Clinton Interval In Ohio Seismic Reflection Data, Fangzhou Yan Jan 2016

Application Of Time-Frequency Analysis To Characterize Gas Shadows From The Clinton Interval In Ohio Seismic Reflection Data, Fangzhou Yan

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The Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville Distribution (SPWVD) is one method to simultaneously resolve time series in both time and frequency domains, allowing determination of frequency variation with time in non-stationary signals. Also, SPWVD reduces the cross-term interference. This analysis was applied to stacked, migrated seismic reflection data from Ohio to characterize gas shadows produced by known and potential gas reservoirs in the Clinton interval. In northeast Ohio, the Clinton interval is identified as occurring immediately beneath the Dayton Limestone, which is known as the driller’s Packer Shell in the subsurface. The analysis was first applied to a seismic reflection line acquired …


Temporal Variation Of Mercury In Effluent From Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants In Southwest Ohio, Heather Brittany Perusini Jan 2016

Temporal Variation Of Mercury In Effluent From Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants In Southwest Ohio, Heather Brittany Perusini

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Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that, once converted to methylmercury by microorganisms, bioaccumulates in aquatic food webs and poses a health risk to wildlife and humans who eat fish. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a source of Hg to surface waters, but little is known about the temporal variability of Hg concentrations in effluent and efflux to aquatic systems. I quantified the concentration of Hg in effluent from the City of Dayton (Ohio) and Ford Road (Xenia, Ohio) WWTPs and examined temporal variability over monthly and hourly time scales as well as efficiency of Hg removal. Over a 13-month …


Convergent Evolution In Tooth Morphology Of Filter Feeding Lamniform Sharks, Michaela Grace Mitchell Jan 2016

Convergent Evolution In Tooth Morphology Of Filter Feeding Lamniform Sharks, Michaela Grace Mitchell

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The basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) and megamouth shark (Megachasma pelagios) are two species of filter feeding sharks, both belonging to the order Lamniformes. There are two conflicting hypotheses regarding the origins of filter feeding in Lamniform sharks; that there is a single origin of filter feeding within Lamniformes, or conversely, the filter feeding adaptations have been developed independently due to different ancestral conditions. Evidence obtained from several studies strongly supports the latter hypothesis. Because evidence suggests that C. maximus and M. pelagios have developed their filter feeding adaptations independently, we expect to see convergent evolution taking place within these two …


Spatial Variation In Tooth Shape Of Miocene Populations Of Carcharocles Megalodon Across Ocean Basins, Maxwell John Bertsos Jan 2016

Spatial Variation In Tooth Shape Of Miocene Populations Of Carcharocles Megalodon Across Ocean Basins, Maxwell John Bertsos

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The extinct Lamniform species, Carcharocles megalodon, were some of the most geographically widespread apex predators in the fossil record. However, whether this cosmopolitan distribution was related to population level differences is unknown. The objective of this study is to assess whether variation in tooth morphology coincided with geographic dispersal. The underlying hypothesis is that variation in an aspect of functional morphology, such as tooth shape, suggests some level of population structuring. Detecting this relationship could potentially provide a mechanism that links population to functional relationships inherent in tooth morphology that may reflect period differences in ocean basins. This would offer …


Power Distribution And Probabilistic Forecasting Of Economic Loss And Fatalities Due To Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Tornadoes, And Floods In The United States, Scott Edward Baker Jan 2016

Power Distribution And Probabilistic Forecasting Of Economic Loss And Fatalities Due To Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Tornadoes, And Floods In The United States, Scott Edward Baker

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Traditionally, the size of natural disaster events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, and floods is measured in terms of wind speed (m/sec), energy released (ergs), or discharge (m3/sec). Economic loss and fatalities from natural disasters result from the intersection of the human infrastructure and population with the natural event. This study investigates the size versus cumulative number distribution of individual natural disaster events in the United States. Economic losses are adjusted for inflation to 2014 United States Dollars (USD). The cumulative number divided by the time over which the data ranges is the basis for making probabilistic forecasts in terms …


Seismic Reflection Profiling Near Middletown, Ohio And Interpretation Of Precambrian Deformational Settings, David Joseph Peterman Jan 2016

Seismic Reflection Profiling Near Middletown, Ohio And Interpretation Of Precambrian Deformational Settings, David Joseph Peterman

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The reprocessing of four vibroseis seismic reflection lines at the AK Steel facility in Middletown, Ohio, provides new insight on the age, deposition, and structural deformation of the pre-Mount Simon sedimentary sequence below Butler and Warren Counties. Processing was focused on the pre-Mt. Simon reflections to reveal gently west-southwest dipping reflectors that make a slight angular unconformity with the overlying Paleozoic sedimentary strata. This pre-Mount Simon sedimentary sequence has been encountered in several wells from western Ohio, Indiana, and northern Kentucky and has been identified as the Middle Run Formation. Examination of the weak and discontinuous seismic character of the …


Application Of Geographical Information Systems To Determine Human Population Impact On Water Resources Of Yellow Springs, Ohio, And The Use Of Lidar Intensities In Land Use Classification, Gregory Geise Jan 2016

Application Of Geographical Information Systems To Determine Human Population Impact On Water Resources Of Yellow Springs, Ohio, And The Use Of Lidar Intensities In Land Use Classification, Gregory Geise

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The purposes of the following studies were to investigate natural and human influences on several spatial and temporal aspects of a local and regional environment. The decreasing discharge rate of the ground water supplied Yellow Spring may be caused by the increase in population of the nearby Village of Yellow Springs, Ohio. Periodic measurements of Yellow Spring's discharge rate compared to changes in the town's population showed an inverse relationship, where spring discharge declined as population grew. A sharp decrease in discharge occurred during a period when the spring's facade was modified and an airport was built partially overlying the …


Bedrock Mapping Using Shear Wave Velocity Characterization And H/V Analysis, James P. Gonsiewski Jan 2015

Bedrock Mapping Using Shear Wave Velocity Characterization And H/V Analysis, James P. Gonsiewski

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An experiment was conducted to constrain the HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) or H/V spectral ratio method at a glaciated site in northeast Ohio. Multiple methods were used to determine the shear wave velocity (Vs) and depth (h) to bedrock in relation to the fundamental resonant frequency (fo) determined from 3-component seismic data, as defined by the relationship f0=Vs/4h. The shear wave velocity structure was determined at three sites using MASW (Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves) and shear wave refraction methods, and the fundamental resonant frequency was passively observed using 3-component Guralp broadband seismometers. The …


Algal Quality Controls The Distribution, Behavior And Growth Of Algivorous Cichlids In Lake Tanganyika, Renalda Nanziga Munubi Jan 2015

Algal Quality Controls The Distribution, Behavior And Growth Of Algivorous Cichlids In Lake Tanganyika, Renalda Nanziga Munubi

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The nutritional value of primary producer is dependent on the concentrations of C, N and P. These elements are the building blocks for protein, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biochemical compounds. The balance between the supply of dietary elements and the herbivore's demand is crucial for the growth of algivorous organisms, including fish. However, anthropogenic changes in primary producer quality due to sediments may alter the value and quantity of food in the littoral zone of Lake Tanganyika, which may affect both herbivorous near shore and pelagic fisheries. This dissertation focuses on the influence of algae food on herbivore …