Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Motivic Cofiber Of Τ And Exotic Periodicities, Bogdan Gheorghe

Wayne State University Dissertations

Consider the Tate twist τ ∈ H 0,1 (S 0,0 ) in the mod 2 cohomology of the motivic sphere.

After 2-completion, the motivic Adams spectral sequence realizes this element as a map

τ : S 0,−1 GGA S 0,0 . This thesis begins with the study of its cofiber, that we denote by Cτ.

We first show that this motivic 2-cell complex can be endowed with a unique E ∞ ring

structure. This promotes the known isomorphism π ∗,∗ Cτ ∼= Ext ∗,∗ BP ∗ BP (BP ∗ ,BP ∗ )

to an isomorphism of rings which also preserves …

On Some Impulse Control Problems With Constraint, Jose L. Menaldi, Maurice Robin

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

The impulse control of a Markov–Feller process is considered when the impulses are allowed only when a signal arrives. This is referred to as an impulse control problem with constraint. A detailed setting is described, a characterization of the optimal cost is obtained using previous results of the authors on optimal stopping problems with constraint, and an optimal impulse control is identified.

Stochastic Processes And Integrals, Jose L. Menaldi

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

Stochastic integrals with respect to Wiener process and Poisson measures are discusses, beginning from stochastic processes.

Ln(Ii)-Containing Cryptates: Synthesis And Properties, Akhila Nuwan Wijerathne Kuda-Wedagedara

Wayne State University Dissertations

LNII-CONTAINING CRYPTATES: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES

by

AKHILA N. W. KUDA-WEDAGEDARA

May 2016

Advisor: Dr. Matthew J. Allen

Major: Chemistry

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Research projects described in this dissertation are focused on studying the physicochemical properties, including the photochemical, redox, and magnetic properties, of LnII-containing cryptates and how ligand structure influences metal–ligand interactions that in turn influence physicochemical properties. The results of these studies enable tailoring of the coordination properties of metal complexes that are important in applications including luminescent materials, chemical reductions, catalysis, and imaging.

A EuII-containing cryptate 2.1-EuII synthesized with an amine-rich ligand displayed bright yellow luminescence in …

Topics In High-Energy Physics: The Proton Magnetic Radius And Phenomenology Of Z0 Mediation Of Supersymmetry Breaking, Joydeep Roy

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation describes two topics in high-energy physics. In the first we describe the

extraction of the magnetic radius of the proton. In the second we impose LHC constraints on

the combined anomaly and Z’ mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking.

We combine constraints from analyticity with experimental electron-proton scattering data

to determine the proton magnetic radius without model-dependent assumptions on the shape

of the form factor. We also study the impact of including electron-neutron scattering data,

and ππ ! NN¯ data. Using representative datasets we find for a cut of Q2 ≤ 0:5 GeV2,

r

pM

= 0:91+0:03

−0:06 ± …

Investigation Of The Microsoft Kinect V2 Sensor As A Multi-Purpose Device For A Radiation Oncology Clinic, Evan Asher Silverstein

Wayne State University Dissertations

For a radiation oncology clinic, the number of devices available to assist in the workflow for radiotherapy treatments are quite numerous. Processes such as patient verification, motion management, or respiratory motion tracking can all be improved upon by devices currently on the market. These three specific processes can directly impact patient safety and treatment efficacy and, as such, are important to track and quantify. Most products available will only provide a solution for one of these processes and may be outside the reach of a typical radiation oncology clinic due to difficult implementation and incorporation with already existing hardware. This …

Dynamic Fluctuations From Hydrodynamics And Kinetic Theory In High Energy Collisions, Christopher David Zin

Wayne State University Dissertations

It is well accepted that heavy ion collisions can be described using hydrodynamic theory, implying these systems are large enough and long lived enough to reach local equilibrium. Recent measurements of correlations in pA and high multiplicity pp collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Large Hadron Collider have shown that these systems also exhibit signs of thermalization, unexpected in the smaller, shorter lived systems. Studying this behavior can give insight into the thermalization process and help clarify the relationship between flow in large systems and hydrodynamics. In an effort to understand these measurements we use the Boltzmann equation, …

Monte-Carlo Event Generators For Jet Modification In D(P)-A And A-A Collisions, Michael Charles Kordell Ii

Wayne State University Dissertations

This work outlines methods to use jet simulations to study both initial and final state nuclear effects in heavy-ion collisions. To study the initial state of heavy-ion collisions, the production of jets and high momentum hadrons from jets, produced in deuteron ($d$)-$Au$ collisions at the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) and proton ($p$)-$Pb$ collisions at the large hadron collider (LHC) are studied as a function of \emph{centrality}, a measure of the impact parameter of the collision. A modified version of the event generator PYTHIA, widely used to simulate $p$-$p$ collisions, is used in conjunction with a nuclear Monte-Carlo event generator which …

Evaluation Of Earth-Abundant Monometallic And Bimetallic Complexes For Catalytic Water Splitting, Kenneth Kwame Kpogo

Wayne State University Dissertations

The development of affordable water splitting catalysts from Earth-abundant transition metal ions such as Co and Mn is of immense scientific interest. Aiming to develop an efficient water splitting catalyst, a Co(II) complex featuring an asymmetric, pentadentate quinolyl-bispyridine ligand with a phenylenediamine backbone was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic, spectrometric, and X-ray analysis. The Co ion was selected because of its ability to undergo redox conversions from 3d5 CoIV through 3d8 CoI thereby making it a suitable catalyst that can withstand harsh structural and electronic changes during catalysis. The electrocatalytic water reduction activity of the catalyst at neutral pH gave …

Real-Time Investigation Of Bulky Lesion Bypass By Y-Family Dna Polymerase, Dpo4, Using Single Molecule Fret, Pramodha Liyanage

Wayne State University Dissertations

DNA is constantly exposed to various DNA damaging agents that are generated by various internal and external sources. Some of this damage may not be able to be repaired by cellular machineries causing DNA replication to be blocked. Once the replication fork is blocked by a DNA adduct, damage tolerance DNA polymerases, mainly Y-family, are able to restore the DNA replication by synthesizing past the DNA adduct. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is one of the most studied environmental carcinogens. It is known to make covalent DNA adducts after metabolic activation and the bulkiness of the B[a]P adducts impose a strong barrier to …

Azimuthally-Differential Pion Femtoscopy Relative To The Second And Third Harmonic In Pb-Pb Collisions, Mohammad Saleh

Wayne State University Dissertations

Heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies create a hot and dense medium of deconned quarks

and gluons, known as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) [56]. The QGP reball rst expands,

cools and then freezes out into a collection of nal-state hadrons. Correlations between the

free particles carry information about the space-time extent of the emitting source, and are

imprinted on the nal-state spectra due to a quantum-mechanical interference eect [18].

The correlation of two identical particles at small relative momentum, commonly known as

intensity, or Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT), interferometry, is an eective tool to study the

space-time structure of the emitting source …

Attosecond Spectroscopy Probing Electron Correlation Dynamics, Alexander Heinecke Winney

Wayne State University Dissertations

Electrons are the driving force behind every chemical reaction. The exchange, ionization, or even relaxation of electrons is behind every bond broken or formed. According to the Bohr model of the atom, it takes an electron 150 as to orbit a proton[6]. With this as a unit time scale for an electron, it is clear that a pulse duration of several femtoseconds will not be sufficient to understanding electron dynamics. Our work demonstrates both technical and scientific achievements that push the boundaries of attosecond dynamics. TDSE studies show that amplification the yield of high harmonic generation (HHG) may be possible …

Chalcogenide Nanocrystal Assembly: Controlling Heterogeneity And Modulating Heterointerfaces, Jessica Davis Davis

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation work is focused on developing methods to facilitate charge transport in heterostructured materials that comprise a nanoscale component. Multicomponent semiconductor materials were prepared by (1) spin coating of discrete nanomaterials onto porous silicon (pSi) or (2) self-assembly. Spin-coating of colloidal quantum dot (QD) PbS solutions was employed to create prototype PbS QD based radiation detection devices using porous silicon (pSi) as an n-type support and charge transport material. These devices were initially tested as a photodetector to ascertain the possibility of their use in high energy radiation detection. Short chain thiolate ligands (4-fluorothiophenolate) and anion passivation at the …

Periodicity In Iterated Algebraic K-Theory Of Finite Fields, Gabriel Angelini-Knoll

Wayne State University Dissertations

In this dissertation, we study the interactions between periodic phenomena in the homotopy groups of spheres and algebraic K-theory of ring spectra. C. Ausoni and J. Rognes initiated a program to study the arithmetic of ring spectra using algebraic K-theory and gave a higher chromatic version of the Lichtenbaum-Quillen conjecture, called the red-shift conjecture, that is expected to govern this arithmetic. This dissertation provides a proof of a special case of a variation on the red-shift conjecture. Specifically, we show that, under conditions on the order of the fields, iterated algebraic K-theory of finite fields detects a periodic family chromatic …

Crustal Cooling In The Neutron Star Low-Mass X-Ray Binary Ks 1731−260, Rachael Lynn Merritt

Wayne State University Theses

Neutron stars in binary systems can undergo periods of accretion (outburst), where in- falling material heats the crust of the star out of thermal equilibrium with the core. When accretion stops (quiescence), we can directly observe the thermal relaxation of the crust. Crustal cooling of accretion-heated neutron stars provides insight into the stellar interior of neutron stars. The neutron star X-ray transient, KS 1731−260, was in outburst for 12.5 years before returning to quiescence in 2001. Here, we present a 150 ks Chandra observation of KS 1731−260 taken in August 2015, about 14.5 years into quiescence. We find that the …

Convergence Of Indigenous Science And Western Science Impacts Student's Interest In Stem And Identity As A Scientist, Sarah Omar Alkholy, Fidji Gendron, Betty Mckenna, Tanya Dahms, Maria Pontes Ferreira

Nutrition and Food Science Faculty Research Publications

Within the context of North American Indigenous culture, certain Elders are respected gatekeepers to Indigenous science, also known as traditional knowledge. Yet, while North American born minorities such as Black Americans, Amerindians, and Latin Americans may hail from cultures with a similar appreciation of their own Indigenous science Elders, these minority groups are especially underrepresented in Western science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)—both in academia and in the workforce. North American underrepresented minorities experience high attrition rates in academia generally, and in STEM specifically. Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission makes a call to action to Indigenize education to benefit all …

Impact Analysis In Web Applications, Drake Svoboda

Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2017-18

This report defines a method for a condensed single process of software change for web applications by identifying a clear impact to widgets in the user interface. The method described is demonstrated in two sample changes conducted on an open source web application. The full source code for these two case studies can be found in an open access code repository (AScrum).

Water Splitting Using Cobalt-Based Amidopyridine Complexes, Habib Baydoun

Wayne State University Dissertations

As part of the ongoing search for clean energy sources, splitting water into oxygen and hydrogen has emerged as a promising source of alternative energy. We are interested in developing electrocatalysts capable of performing water reduction and water oxidation. In this dissertation, a variety of catalytic platforms based on an amidopyridine framework are studied. A novel monomeric cobalt complex in an amidopyridine ligand environment, ([CoIII(L1)(pyrr)2]PF6), was investigated for electrocatalytic water reduction and found to have an onset overpotential of 0.54 V and an observed TOF of 23 min-1. The catalytic decomposition pathway was explored with the aim of designing more …

Nonlinear Dynamic Studies Of Pattern-Forming And Biomedical Systems, Doaa Taha

Wayne State University Dissertations

Nonlinear phenomena are ubiquitous in nature and in almost every discipline of science. Various nonlinear dynamic theories are being developed to investigate a wide range of complex nonlinear systems. In this work, we study two types of nonlinear phenomena. The first type involves understanding and controlling the properties and dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) material systems. We develop a binary phase field crystal (PFC) model which simultaneously addresses diffusive dynamics of large-scale systems and resolves material microstructures, and apply the model to the study of two material systems. (1) We use this PFC model to investigate the self assembly of 2D …

Hybrid Stochastic Systems: Numerical Methods, Limit Results, And Controls, Tuan A. Hoang

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation is concerned with the so-called stochastic hybrid systems, which are

featured by the coexistence of continuous dynamics and discrete events and their interactions. Such systems have drawn much needed attentions in recent years. One of the main reasons is that such systems can be used to better reflect the reality for a wide range of applications in networked systems, communication systems, economic systems, cyber-physical systems, and biological and ecological systems, among others. Our main interest is centered around one class of such hybrid systems known as switching diffusions. In such a system, in addition to the driving force …

Video Stream Adaptation In Computer Vision Systems, Yousef Sharrab Sharrab

Wayne State University Dissertations

Computer Vision (CV) has been deployed recently in a wide range of applications, including surveillance and automotive industries. According to a recent report, the market for CV technologies will grow to $33.3 billion by 2019. Surveillance and automotive industries share over 20% of this market. This dissertation considers the design of real-time CV systems with live video streaming, especially those over wireless and mobile networks. Such systems include video cameras/sensors and monitoring stations. The cameras should adapt their captured videos based on the events and/or available resources and time requirement. The monitoring station receives video streams from all cameras and …

Elucidation Of The Cation And The Anion Doping Mechanism Of Nanoparticulate Manganese Arsenide: Effect Of Doping On The Magnetostructural Properties, Surangi Hasitha Roshini Pimmachcharige

Wayne State University Dissertations

The mechanism of solution-phase synthesis of P-doped type-B MnAs nanoparticles has been quantitatively assessed and the knowledge obtained is extended to independently control nanoparticle size and P incorporation in order to understand the roles of size and dopant concentration on the magnetostructural properties. During the solution-phase synthesis, the dimensions of the nanoparticles change as the monomer concentration in the bulk solution is depleted and the particles become uniform in size and shape when the temperature stabilizes. The temperature at which the nanoparticles were isolated controls the particle size and polydispersity. High temperature isolation of nanoparticles is required to achieve narrow …

Quantum Capacitance Study Of Novel Two- And One-Dimensional Systems, Zhe Wu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Among strongly correlated systems, vanadium dioxide (VO2) shows a metal insulator transition (MIT) near room temperature (340K). Both Mott and structural transitions contribute to the MIT in VO2. To gain a better understanding of the changing electronic structure, we perform quantum capacitance measurement. Quantum capacitance measurement has already yielded insight into a variety of systems, including the negative compressibility for strongly interacting charges in GaAs two-dimensional charges. Our work demonstrates a unique method to accurately distinguish the quantum capacitance from large resistance changes at the MIT by using a home-made capacitance bridge. We observe a steep increase in the density …

The Influence Of The Physical Workspace On Creative Performance: Alternative Mediation Models, Reed James Bramble

Wayne State University Theses

The present study assessed how individuals respond to stimuli in their immediate work environment. Specifically, I conducted a laboratory experiment with a student sample to test the influence of natural stimuli in the workspace on individuals’ creative performance. Additionally, I tested a series of potential mediating variables that could have driven the effect: state positive affect, state openness to experience, and self-regulation of effort. While the results indicated that the hypotheses were broadly unsupported, supplemental analyses revealed that the intervention significantly predicted effort regulation in a high-performing subgroup. Study limitations and recommendations for future directions are discussed.

Integrative Pathway Analysis Pipeline For Mirna And Mrna Data, Diana Mabel Diaz Herrera

Wayne State University Theses

The identification of pathways that are involved in a particular phenotype helps us understand the underlying biological processes. Traditional pathway analysis techniques aim to infer the impact on individual pathways using only mRNA levels. However, recent studies showed that gene expression alone is unable to capture the whole picture of biological phenomena. At the same time, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are newly discovered gene regulators that have shown to play an important role in diagnosis, and prognosis for different types of diseases. Current pathway analysis techniques do not take miRNAs into consideration. In this project, we investigate the effect of integrating miRNA …

On Detecting Faces And Classifying Facial Races With Partial Occlusions And Pose Variations, Tarik Alafif Alafif

Wayne State University Theses

In this dissertation, we present our contributions in face detection and facial race classification.

Face detection in unconstrained images is a traditional problem in computer vision community. Challenges still remain. In particular, the detection of partially occluded faces with pose variations has not been well addressed. In the first part of this dissertation, our contributions are three-fold. First, we introduce our four image datasets consisting of large-scale labeled face dataset, noisy large-scale labeled non-face dataset, CrowdFaces dataset, and CrowdNonFaces dataset intended to be used for face detection training. Second, we improve Viola-Jones (VJ) face detection results by first training a …

Characterizing Mineral Crystallographic Preferred Orientations (Cpos) Along The Eastern North American Margin In The Southern Appalachians: Implications For Middle And Lower Crustal Seismic Anisotropy, Laura Robles

Wayne State University Theses

The Southern Appalachians Mountains have a complex and distinctive tectonic history, characterized by structural deformation extending from late Precambrian throughout the Paleozoic. The Southern Appalachians, known as the Blue Ridge of western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee, is mainly composed of schists and gneisses, granitic and ultramafic intrusives, as well as a sedimentary portion. The main tool for understanding the composition and structure of the deeper parts of the crust that cannot be directly sampled by seismology. Seismic anisotropy is the directional dependence of seismic velocity, and it is an invaluable tool for interpreting the development of sub-surficial dynamics. Seismic …

Comparison Of The Scavenging Intensity, Remineralization And Residence Time Of 210po And 210pb At Key Interfaces (Biotic, Sediment-Water And Hydrothermal) Along The Geotraces East Pacific Zonal Transect, John Niedermiller

Wayne State University Theses

The contrasting geochemical behavior of two long-lived progeny of 222Rn, namely 210Po and 210Pb, provide valuable insights on the extent of recycling of biogenic particulate matter and their preferential removal from the water column. A total of 135 water samples were collected and analyzed from six vertical profiles for 210Po and 210Pb along the US GEOTRACES East Pacific Zonal Transect. This study shows decreasing atmospheric 210Pb flux from the measured 210Pb activity in aerosols indicating an overall decrease from east to west along the cruise transect. Differences in scavenging intensities, inventories, and residence times of 210Po and 210Pb at key …

Differential Activation Of Dead Box Rna Helicases Rhlb And Rhle By Hfq/Srnas And Their Target Mrnas, Amit Kumar

Wayne State University Theses

Number of small RNA (sRNA) gene regulators have mounted in E. coli over the years whereas the number of validated protein partners has not changed considerably. Hfq has remained the only well studied global regulatory partner of sRNAs in E. coli. However, direct or indirect involvement of other protein partners has always been speculated. Study from Blasi lab has shown that CsdA, one of the five DEAD-box RNA helicases of E. coli, is required for the DsrA mediated upregulation of rpoS under cold stress condition. Previous study from our lab has identified two other DEAD-box RNA helicases, RhlB and RhlE, …

Design, Synthesis And Analysis Of Potential Photo-Activatable Cathepsin K Inhibitors, Khalin Evania Nisbett

Wayne State University Theses

Abstract

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL PHOTO-ACTIVATABLE CATHEPSIN K INHIBITORS

by

KHALIN NISBETT

May 2017

Advisor: Dr. Jeremy Kodanko

Major: Chemistry

Degree: Master of Science

Tightly regulated cysteine CA proteases play a major role in maintaining the homeostasis within cells. Subsequently, when these proteases are dysregulated and mislocalized they disrupt healthy cell dynamics and contribute to many life-threatening pathologies such arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis and cancer. As such many pharmaceutical companies and research teams are highly interested in these proteases as targets. One emergent strategy is the spatiotemporal control of biological processes. In relation to this, a series of spatiotemporally controlled …