Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Jmasm 57: Bayesian Survival Analysis Of Lomax Family Models With Stan (R), Mohammed H. A. Abujarad, Athar Ali Khan

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

An attempt is made to fit three distributions, the Lomax, exponential Lomax, and Weibull Lomax to implement Bayesian methods to analyze Myeloma patients using Stan. This model is applied to a real survival censored data so that all the concepts and computations will be around the same data. A code was developed and improved to implement censored mechanism throughout using rstan. Furthermore, parallel simulation tools are also implemented with an extensive use of rstan.

Vif-Regression Screening Ultrahigh Dimensional Feature Space, Hassan S. Uraibi

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Iterative Sure Independent Screening (ISIS) was proposed for the problem of variable selection with ultrahigh dimensional feature space. Unfortunately, the ISIS method transforms the dimensionality of features from ultrahigh to ultra-low and may result in un-reliable inference when the number of important variables particularly is greater than the screening threshold. The proposed method has transformed the ultrahigh dimensionality of features to high dimension space in order to remedy of losing some information by ISIS method. The proposed method is compared with ISIS method by using real data and simulation. The results show this method is more efficient and more reliable …

A Simple Random Sampling Modified Dual To Product Estimator For Estimating Population Mean Using Order Statistics, Sanjay Kumar, Priyanka Chhaparwal

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Bandopadhyaya (1980) developed a dual to product estimator using robust modified maximum likelihood estimators (MMLE’s). Their properties were obtained theoretically and supported through simulations studies with generated as well as one real data set. Robustness properties in the presence of outliers and confidence intervals were studied.

Penalized Likelihood Estimation Of Gamma Distributed Response Variable Via Corrected Solution Of Regression Coefficients, Rasaki Olawale Olanrewaju

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A Gamma distributed response is subjected to regression penalized likelihood estimations of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Minimax Concave Penalty via Generalized Linear Models (GLMs). The Gamma related disturbance controls the influence of skewness and spread in the corrected path solutions of the regression coefficients.

Inference For Step-Stress Partially Accelerated Life Test Model With An Adaptive Type-I Progressively Hybrid Censored Data, Showkat Ahmad Lone, Ahmadur Rahman, Tanveer A. Tarray

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Consider estimating data of failure times under step-stress partially accelerated life tests based on adaptive Type-I hybrid censoring. The mathematical model related to the lifetime of the test units is assumed to follow Rayleigh distribution. The point and interval maximum-likelihood estimations are obtained for distribution parameter and tampering coefficient. Also, the work is conducted under a traditional Type-I hybrid censoring plan (scheme). A Monte Carlo simulation algorithm is used to evaluate and compare the performances of the estimators of the tempering coefficient and model parameters under both progressively hybrid censoring plans. The comparison is carried out on the basis of …

Optimal Stopping Problems For A Family Of Continuous-Time Markov Processes, Héctor Jasso-Fuentes, Jose-Luis Menaldi, Fidel Vásquez-Rojas

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

In this paper we study the well-know optimal stopping problem applied to a general family of continuous-time Markov process. The approach to follow is merely analytic and it is based on the characterization of stopping problems through the study of a certain variational inequality; namely one solution of this inequality will coincide with the optimal value of the stopping problem. In addition, by means of this characterization, it is possible to find the so-named continuation region, and as a byproduct obtaining the optimal stopping time. The most of the material is based on the semigroup theory, infinitesimal generators and resolvents. …

Abhd5 Induced Morphological Changes On Model Membrane Systems, Nasser S. Junedi

Honors College Theses

Proper regulation of neutral lipid storage (lipogenesis) and release (lipolysis) are critical molecular processes localized to an organelle called the Lipid Droplet (LD). The LD consists of a core with neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and sterol esters surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. Dysregulation of the processes localized to the LD are involved in the pathology of various diseases such as Neutral Lipid Storage Disease, diabetes, stroke and cancer. The non-enzymatic protein ABHD5 (α-β Hydrolase Domain-Containing Protein 5), is thought to play a key role in the process of lipolysis by forming homo-oligomers on the surface of the LD …

Biis: The Last British Ice Sheet, A Review Of The Most Recent Major Glaciation Of Great Britain And Ireland, Benediktas Gaskevicius

Honors College Theses

The British Irish Ice Sheet was a substantial ice mass covering the British Isles during the most recent glaciation that ended around 11,700 years ago. Oftentimes referred to as the BIIS, it is subdivided into two sections, a western and eastern side that covered Great Britain and Ireland, with the Irish basin in the middle. Some notable areas of study around Great Britain and Ireland include the ’Bizzle’ in Northern England, which was transformed by the effects of the eastern margin of the BIIS, the Carstair Kames in Scotland, a locality known internationally for its esker system, The Minch region …

Integrated Cyberattack Detection And Handling For Nonlinear Systems With Evolving Process Dynamics Under Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Keshav Kasturi Rangan, Henrique Oyama, Helen Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

Safety-critical processes are becoming increasingly automated and connected. While automation can increase effciency, it brings new challenges associated with guaranteeing safety in the presence of uncertainty especially in the presence of control system cyberattacks. One of the challenges for developing control strategies with guaranteed safety and cybersecurity properties under suffcient conditions is the development of appropriate detection strategies that work with control laws to prevent undetected attacks that have immediate closed-loop stability consequences. Achieving this, in the presence of uncertainty brought about by plant/model mismatch and process dynamics that can change with time, requires a fundamental understanding of the characteristics …

Bayesian Seismic Refraction Inversion For Critical Zone Science And Near-Surface Applications, Mong-Han Huang, Berit Hudson-Rasmussen, Scott Burdick, Vedran Lekić, Mariel D. Nelson, Kristen E. Fauria, Nicholas Schmerr

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

The critical zone (CZ) is the region of the Earth’s surface that extends from the bottom of the weathered bedrock to the tree canopy and is important because of its ability to store water and support ecosystems. A growing number of studies use active source shallow seismic refraction to explore and define the size and structure of the CZ across landscapes. However, measurement uncertainty and model resolution at depth are generally not evaluated, which makes the identification and interpretation of CZ features inconclusive. To reliably resolve seismic velocity with depth, we implement a Transdimensional Hierarchical Bayesian (THB) framework with reversible-jump …

Regression Analyses Assessing The Impact Of Environmental Factors On Covid-19 Transmission And Mortality, El Hussain Shamsa, Kezhong Zhang

Medical Student Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Resident Heart Rate Variability During Cataract Surgery, Ahmad Baiyasi, Shibandri Das, Ferris Bayasi, Faisal Ridha Al-Timimi

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To evaluate ophthalmology resident anxiousness and cardiovascular response by tracking resident heart rate (HR) when performing cataract surgery during their last year of residency.

Methods: A prospective analysis of 31 cataract cases, completed by three residents (two females and one male), at the Kresge Eye Institute in August and September 2020 was performed. Inclusion criteria for cases included all cataract cases performed by PGY-4 residents at the Kresge Eye Institute who downloaded the Heart Graph app supported by iOS. Residents with android mobile devices were excluded from the study. Informed consent was obtained from all residents who utilized the …

The Adams Spectral Sequence For Topological Modular Forms, Robert Bruner, John Rognes

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

The connective topological modular forms spectrum, 𝑡𝑚𝑓, is in a sense initial among elliptic spectra, and as such is an important link between the homotopy groups of spheres and modular forms. A primary goal of this volume is to give a complete account, with full proofs, of the homotopy of 𝑡𝑚𝑓 and several 𝑡𝑚𝑓-module spectra by means of the classical Adams spectral sequence, thus verifying, correcting, and extending existing approaches. In the process, folklore results are made precise and generalized. Anderson and Brown-Comenetz duality, and the corresponding dualities in homotopy groups, are carefully proved. The volume also includes an account …

Synthesis And Reactivity Of Metal Bis(Alkoxide) Complexes In Nitrene Coupling And Polymerization Of Polar Monomers, Duleeka Chamini Wannipurage

Wayne State University Dissertations

The nitrene homocoupling to produce azoarenes was done using two different iron (II) alkoxide complexes, Fe(OCtBu2(3,5-Ph2C6H3)2(THF)2 and Fe[OO]Ph(THF)2. Due to the steric bulkiness of HOCtBu2(3,5-Ph2C6H3 ligand, this complex exhibited selectivity for the bis(alkoxide) ligation; no tris(alkoxide) complexes were observed. As a result, both bulky and non-bulky aryl nitrenes are coupled with Fe(OCtBu2(3,5-Ph2Ph)2(THF)2, albeit the coupling of the less bulky substrates requires higher temperatures and longer reaction times. Stoichiometric reactions of Fe(OCtBu2(3,5-Ph2C6H3)2(THF)2 with non-bulky aryl azides led to the observation of the iron(III) tetrazene radical anion complexes, that can produce azoarene products after heating. Tetrazene complexes likely serve as a “masked …

High Mobility N-Type Field Effect Transistors Enabled By Wse2/Pdse2 Heterojunctions, Arthur Bowman Iii

Wayne State University Dissertations

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as a promising candidate for post-silicon electronics. Few-layer tungsten diselenide (WSe2), a well-studied TMD, has sown high hole mobility and ON/OFF ratio in field effect transistor (FET) devices. But the n-type performance of WSe2 is still quite limited by the presence of a substantial Schottky Barrier. Palladium diselenide, (PdSe2) is a newly discovered TMD that is of interest because of its high electron mobility, and moderate ON/OFF ratios. However, despite its relatively small bandgap, the n-type performance of few-layer PdSe2 FETs has also been limited by a Schottky barrier, …

New Conforming Finite Elements Based On The De Rham Complexes For Some Fourth-Order Problems, Qian Zhang

Wayne State University Dissertations

In this dissertation, we discuss the conforming finite element discretization of high-order equations involving operators such as $(\curl\curl)^2$, $\grad\Delta\div$, and $-\curl\Delta\curl$. These operators appear in various models, such as continuum mechanics, inverse electromagnetic scattering theory, magnetohydrodynamics, and linear elasticity. Naively discretizing these operators and their corresponding eigenvalue problems using the existing $H^2$-conforming element would lead to spurious solutions in certain cases. Therefore, it is desirable to design conforming finite elements for equations containing these high-order differential operators.

The $\curl\curl$-conformity or $\grad\curl$-conformity requires that the tangential component of $\curl \bm u_h$ is continuous. Recall that the N\'ed\'elec element requires only the …

Pharmaceuticals In The Environment: Health Implications And Environmental Toxicity, Jessica Phillips

Wayne State University Dissertations

Approximately 2.9 billion prescriptions are written annually in the United States, with a multitude of biochemical actions, with 63151 tons used by food producing animals worldwide and an additional 55-77 million prescriptions written for companion animals. With increasing prescription and unknown toxicologic effects of many of these chemicals, zebrafish (danio rerio), an NIH approved human model, were used to model potentially health effects. Significant abnormalities were seen with extended duration metformin exposure from 4 hours post fertilization up to 5 days post fertilization, although short term metformin exposure for 24 hours at 4-5 days post fertilization did not lead to …

An Investigation Of Uncertainties In Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, Cory Knill

Wayne State University Dissertations

Introduction: The treatment of cancer using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is complex, involving many sub-processes to commission a treatment platform and treat patients. Uncertainties within the individual sub-process can lead to inaccurate treatments and sub-optimal patient outcomes. This research focused on minimizing uncertainties throughout IMRT commissioning and treatments. Methods: Five sub-processes were selected for uncertainty reduction: 1) optimizing radiation-imaging coincidence of the treatment machine, 2) improving the statistical model used to analyze IMRT commissioning data, 3) reducing the effect of ion recombination in IMRT quality assurance measurements, 4) improving the correlation between IMRT quality assurance results and patient-specific delivery …

Thermal Atomic Layer Deposition Of Titanium Nitride Films: Synthesis And Characterization Of Novel Titanium Precursors, Anuththara Chalani Upeksha Abesinghe Arachchige

Wayne State University Dissertations

Due to the continuous miniaturization of microelectronic devices, robust deposition techniques are required which can provide continuous and conformal thin films even in high aspect ratio structures. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is an excellent choice of deposition technique as it is capable of providing perfect film coverage. Because of its self-limited growth mechanism, ALD can afford sub-nanometer thickness control. Precursors used in ALD should be volatile, thermally stable at the deposition temperature, and highly reactive towards the co-regent. Traditionally, ALD has been used to grow metal oxide films. However, the microelectronics industry now demands ALD for metals and metal nitrides. …

Software As A Service: The Mediating Role Of Consequences Of Saas Diffusion On Firm Performance, Cristina Marie-Mccarthy Recchia

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACTSOFTWARE AS A SERVICE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CONSEQUENCES OF SAAS DIFFUSION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE by CRISTINA MARIE-MCCARTHY RECCHIA DECEMBER 2021 Advisor: Dr. Ratna Babu Chinnam Major: Industrial Engineering Degree: Doctor of Philosophy There are ample studies that support a positive link between information technology and firm performance. Bharadwaj (2000) and Chae (2014, 2018) are two examples that provided a foundation for this work. These scholars looked at how capabilities associated with information technology contribute to improved financial performance using a specific set of financial ratios. In addition, there are studies that examine a positive link between Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and …

Basic Probability Theory, Jose Luis Menaldi

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

Long title: Basic Probability Theory: Independent Random Variables and Sample Spaces. Chapters: Elementary Probability - Basic Probability - Canonical Sample Spaces - Working on Probability Spaces - A Solutions to Exercises.

Novel Deep Learning Methods For Medical Applications With Limited Data, Kaiyue Zhou

Wayne State University Dissertations

Deep learning has become an increasingly popular trend in recent years with applications in different domains including healthcare and medicine using numeric, spatially 2D and 3D, and time-series based video and audio data. However, data collection being the principal bottleneck for advancement in the life sciences, particularly in genomics, engineering, and healthcare, has led to incomplete and insufficient data, resulting in non-optimal deep learning model performances. Here, we propose solutions to overcome such data limitations when high dimensional medical data with limited sample sizes are present. These solutions include but not limited to multi-class learning, feature compression (\eg, auto-encoder), data …

The Hatcher-Quinn Invariant And Differential Forms, Joshua Lenwood Turner

Wayne State University Dissertations

An intersection problem consists of submanifolds $P, Q \subset M$ having non-empty intersection. In 1974, Hatcher and Quinn introduced a bordism-theoretic obstruction to finding a deformation of $P$ off of $Q$ by an isotopy. This dissertation studies the problem of finding an analytical expression for the Hatcher-Quinn obstruction---one which involves the language of differential forms. We first introduce the notion of a smooth structure on a set by introducing a system of mappings called plots. By generalizing this to the fibered setting, we use the concept to give a model for the homology of the generalized path space $E$ i.e., …

Accumulation-Type Ohmic Van Der Waals Contacts To Nearly Intrinsic Wse2, Upendra Rijal

Wayne State University Dissertations

We report the fabrication of ohmic van der Waals (vdW) contacts to WSe2 using degenerately p-doped MoS2 (p+-MoS2) as a contact-metal. We demonstrate in WSe2 field-effect transistors (FETs) that accumulation-type ohmic contacts and high device performance are achieved without electrostatically gating the drain/source contact regions despite the nearly intrinsic nature of WSe2. Back-gated WSe2 FETs with p+-MoS2 bottom-contacts (which screen the back-gate electric field in the drain/source regions) exhibit linear output characteristics, a high on/off ratio of 108, and a high two-terminal field-effect mobility up to ~200 cm2V-1s-1 at room temperature. Our theoretical modeling reveals that the p+-MoS2/WSe2 vdW contact …

Incorporating Word Dependencies Into Structured Document Retrieval Models, Fedor Nikolaev

Wayne State University Theses

Information Retrieval models present us different ways for probabilistic modeling of documents and queries that are used for effective scoring of documents with respect to user's queries. In recent years two trends in information retrieval modeling have emerged. The first type of modeling called structured retrieval includes models such as MLM, BM25F, PRMS etc. that use documents represented as a combination of several pre-defined fields, such as title, abstract, etc. and model documents as mixtures of models for particular fields, which are usually taken with different importance. The second type of modeling, that includes models such as SDM, WSDM, and …

Intercomparisons Of Three Global Bottom-Up Anthropogenic Emission Inventories: Implications For Air Quality, Halima Salah

Wayne State University Theses

Air pollution from human activities plays an important role in affecting ambient air quality, climate change and human health. To provide changes in global environmental policies to reduce air pollution, emission inventories are critical as they aide in the understanding of air quality impacts across multiple scales. The state-of-the-science global bottom-up anthropogenic emission inventories are the Evaluating the Climate and Air Quality Impacts of Short-Lived Pollutants version 6b (ECLIPSEv6b) for emissions from 1990-2050, Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research version 5.0 (EDGARv5) for emissions from 1970-2015, and the Community Emissions Data System that was released in April 2021 (CEDS) for …

Induction And Prevention Of Electron Transport In Langmuir-Blodgett Films Of 3d-Based Metallosurfactants: Studies On Current Rectification And Corrosion Inhibition, Aldora Devale Kapuralalage Isuri Weeraratne

Wayne State University Dissertations

The work reported in this thesis focused on the use of redox-active metallosurfactants for current rectification and redox-innocent metallosurfactants for corrosion inhibition. These studies were done based on the hypothesis that redox-active metallosurfactnats can promote electron transport, while redox-innocent metallosurfactants can hinder electron transport. As such, new redox-active phenolate based iron(III), chromium(III), oxovanadium(IV) and redox-innocent gallium(III) and zinc(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized for the aforementioned applications. First, we studied the current rectification ability of a homobimetallic iron(III) hydrophobe with [N4O6] ligand environment. This complex displayed rectification with rectification ratio ranges from 2.6 to 9.8 between -2.0 and 2.0 V …

Solving And Applications Of Multi-Facility Location Problems, Anuj Bajaj

Wayne State University Dissertations

This thesis is devoted towards the study and solving of a new class of multi-facility location problems. This class is of a great theoretical interest both in variational analysis and optimization while being of high importance to a variety of practical applications. Optimization problems of this type cannot be reduced to convex programming like, the much more investigated facility location problems with only one center. In contrast, such classes of multi-facility location problems can be described by using DC (difference of convex) programming, which are significantly more involved from both theoretical and numerical viewpoints.In this thesis, we present a new …

Measurement Of The Cross Section Of Top Quark Pairs Produced In Association With A Photon In Lepton + Jets Events At √S = 13 Tev With Full Runii Cms Data, Nabin Poudyal

Wayne State University Dissertations

The inclusive production cross section of top quark pairs in association with a photon is measured in proton-proton collisions at the LHC with 13 TeV energy using the full RunII data collected by CMS in 2016, 2017, and 2018 with a total corresponding integrated luminosity of 137 fb −1 . The relative fraction of ttγ events normalized to inclusive tt production is measured. The cross section measurement provides important information about the electromagnetic coupling of the standard model top quark and is sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is carried out in the in semileptonic decay channel …

Novel Design And Facile Synthesis Of Functional Nanostructures For Energy And Environmental Application, Zhuojun Wang

Wayne State University Theses

Environmental pollution and energy crisis are two of the major obstacles in the development of a more sustainable society. It is an interesting but technically challenging task to design novel methods for the facile and scalable synthesis of multifunctional materials for applications in both energy storage and environmental remediation. In this thesis, I tried to design and synthesize novel nanostructured materials for energy and environmental applications, achieved highly promising results. I developed a facile electrochemical approach to synthesize the zinc oxide with the zinc element for photocatalytic reactions. It demonstrated dramatically improved performances in degradation of organic pollutant in water, …