Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Determination Of Sustainable Zones For Groundwater Abstraction From The Multi-Layered Aquifer System In The Bengal Basin, Bangladesh, Anwar Zahid, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

The use of deep groundwater (±300 m deep) is becoming an important issue in the Bengal Basin, due to both water quality problems and an acute shortage of available water in upper aquifers. In southeastern Bangladesh, multi-layered aquifer conditions exist with arsenic contamination at shallow depths, and high iron and brackish groundwater occurring mainly in the deeper layers. Many previous studies have offered explanations for the high concentrations of dissolved arsenic in groundwater - most of which proposed that the arsenic is derived from geo-genic sources and its release in groundwater is through natural processes, not the result of anthropogenic …

Leveraging The Popularity Of Virtual Conferencing Due To The Covid-19 Pandemic To Create New Opportunities For Stem Education, Andrew Singh, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Violeta Escandon Correa, Omadevi Singh, Ariel Skobelsky, Farhan Tanvir, Brian Sukhnandan, Matthew Khargie, Elton Selby, Masud Ahmed

Publications and Research

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual learning has become a necessity for K9-16 education. Virtual classwork has been administered through platforms such as Google Classroom, Clever, and iReady. During the summer of 2021, the City University of New York (C.U.N.Y) York College campus hosted its NASA MAA MUREP (Minority University Research and Education Project Aerospace Academy) program virtually using a combination of Zoom, Google Docs, and even Canva, which some students requested as a more intuitive alternative to Microsoft PowerPoint. Students were mentored to use the scientific method to explore their interests in the STEM field, with a geoscience or …

The Importance Of Monitoring To Assess The Impact Of Climate Change On Groundwater Resources In Bangladesh, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Anwar Zahid, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Groundwater is the major source of fresh water across much of the world, but there has been very little study on the impacts of climate change on this precious and finite resource. Rising levels of greenhouse gases are likely to increase the global average surface temperature over the next 100 years, raise sea levels and reduce soil moisture. The amount of water stored in the soil is fundamentally important to agriculture and influences the rate of actual evaporation, groundwater recharge and runoff. Rising sea levels would cause the tidal saltwater wedge to intrude further upstream in rivers, with resulting changes …

Multi-Faceted Geoscience Research Using Open Access Resources: The Successful Participation Of K9-16 Students, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Noshin Sharmili, Omadevi Singh, Gurwinder Sahota, Sol De Leon, Matthew Khargie, Ali Zarine, Krishna Mahabir, Adacia Teemal, Mildred M. Selby

Publications and Research

Students interested in geosciences, for the most part, missed out their traditional field- based research activities due to strict social distancing, travel restrictions and/or lacking financial support. An absence of physical laboratory opportunities forced students to choose topics deemed doable through online research. Available data from online sources on extreme weather related case studies, flooding, droughts, groundwater depletion in urban and suburban areas, coastal erosion rate, sealevel rise, landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and atmospheric pollution became quite handy and lucrative. Readily available pertinent data sources enabled K9-16 students to conduct summer research at “stay home” situations. Selective peer mentoring was …

Assessment Of The Impacts Of Urbanization On Land-Use And Land-Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing And Python At Gazipur District, Bangladesh, Atika Rahman Akji, Nowshin Ahsan Priyanka, Anwar Zahid, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Jowaher Raza, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Urbanization has been the central demographic trend, not only in the Asia-Pacific region, but also for the entire world. Local geo-mapping is the vital tool for analyses of land-use and land-cover. This study attempts to classify land-use in unsupervised settings and create land-cover map by using open-source Landsat data integrated with GIS technologies and other ancillary resources. This work concentrates on Gazipur Sadar (an upazila or sub-district of the Gazipur District in central Bangladesh, part of the Dhaka Division) and Kaliakair, which are rapidly growing unplanned urban and industrial zones. The usage of python coding greatly assisted accomplishing the post-classification …

Statistical Analysis Of Groundwater Level Fluctuation Of The Urban And Peri-Urban Area Of Gazipur District, Bangladesh, Nowshin Ahsan Priyanka, Atika Rahman Akji, Anwar Zahid, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Jowaher Raza, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Groundwater is the primary source for drinking, municipal, irrigation, and industrial water supply in Bangladesh. Due to unplanned urbanization and rapidly growing industries, the degradation situation has become perilous over time. Dhaka and its peri-urban regions are having drastic changes in groundwater (GW) levels. This work reviewed GW level fluctuation in the peri-urban area, which is now severely experiencing the detrimental impact of rapid urbanization and industrialization. Detail statistical investigation and Landsat image interpretation of the study area was conducted. Analysis and prediction of water level trends were conducted using variations of Mann Kendell tests. Gazipur Sadar (an upazila or …

Wave Function Identity: A New Symmetry For 2-Electron Systems In An Electromagnetic Field, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni

Publications and Research

Stationary-state Schrödinger-Pauli theory is a description of electrons with a spin moment in an external electromagnetic field. For 2-electron systems as described by the Schrödinger-Pauli theory Hamiltonian with a symmetrical binding potential, we report a new symmetry operation of the electronic coordinates. The symmetry operation is such that it leads to the equality of the transformed wave function to the wave function. This equality is referred to as the Wave Function Identity. The symmetry operation is a two-step process: an interchange of the spatial coordinates of the electrons whilst keeping their spin moments unchanged, followed by an inversion. The Identity …

Development Of Predictive Models For Water Budget Simulations Of Closed-Basin Lakes: Case Studies Of Lakes Azuei And Enriquillo On The Island Of Hispaniola, Mahrokh Moknatian, Michael Piasecki

Publications and Research

The historical water level fluctuations of the two neighboring Caribbean lakes of Azuei (LA) and Enriquillo (LE) on Hispaniola have shown random periods of synchronous and asynchronous behaviors, with both lakes exhibiting independent dynamics despite being exposed to the same climatic forces and being directly next to each other. This paper examines their systems' main drivers and constraints, which are used to develop numerical models for these two lakes. The water balance approach was employed to conceptually model the lakes on an interannual scale and examine the assumptions of surface and subsurface processes. These assumptions were made based on field …

(2021 Revision) Chapter 4: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Earth System Science, Karin A. Block

Open Educational Resources

Syllabus for 4-credit introductory earth system science course covering three units: 1. The Solid Earth; 2. The Fluid Envelope; 3. Climate and Natural Resources. Format is lecture plus 3 hr lab.

Globe Mosquito Habitat Mapper Citizen Science Data 2017–2020, Russanne Low, Rebecca Boger, Peder Nelson, Matteo Kimura

Publications and Research

The GLOBE Program's GLOBE Observer application is a free citizen science mobile data collection and visualization tool compatible with iOS and Android operating systems. Citizen scientists armed with the app can report the mosquito larval habitats they identify using the GLOBE Mosquito Habitat Mapper tool. This data can complement the climate, weather, and land cover data obtained from satellite measurements by scientists who develop risk models for mosquito-borne diseases. Public participation in mosquito surveillance research provides the opportunity to obtain the volume, velocity and variety of data needed to fight the threat of vector-borne diseases, especially in under-resourced communities with …

Introduction To Discrete Mathematics: An Oer For Ma-471, Mathieu Sassolas

Open Educational Resources

The first objective of this book is to define and discuss the meaning of truth in mathematics. We explore logics, both propositional and first-order , and the construction of proofs, both formally and human-targeted. Using the proof tools, this book then explores some very fundamental definitions of mathematics through set theory. This theory is then put in practice in several applications. The particular (but quite widespread) case of equivalence and order relations is studied with detail. Then we introduces sequences and proofs by induction, followed by number theory. Finally, a small introduction to combinatorics is …

Unit 4 - Installing Packages And Shared Libraries On Ubuntu 20.04, George A. Nossa, Ahmet Kok

Open Educational Resources

This document details the steps necessary for Installing Packages and Shared Libraries on the Ubuntu 20.04 Operating System. This is a course lab of the CIS 440 UNIX course and this lab runs on a virtual machine installed on the student's home computer. The creation and configuration of this virtual machine is described in the Unit 1 document previously posted.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 7: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Physical Chemistry, Ruth E. Stark

Open Educational Resources

This is a provisional syllabus for Physical Chemistry I (Thermodynamics), to be taught using an OER Textmap in Fall, 2021.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 6: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Appendix: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Cis 440 Unix, George A. Nossa

Open Educational Resources

This document is a topical outline of the CIS 440 UNIX Course. This course is mostly based on lab assignments that are performed by students using their home computers (desktops or laptops). The home computers are configured as virtual machines by installing the Oracle Virtual Box Version 6.12 The Ubuntu Desktop Operating System (version 20.04) is then installed on these virtual machines, which are then used to run the course labs. The first Unit of the syllabus covers the virtual machine configuration for the lab environment and subsequent Units are a topical outline of the course. The detailed content is …

Unit 2 - Customizing The Ubuntu Desktop And Updating App Software, George A. Nossa

Open Educational Resources

This document demonstrates the steps to customize the Linux-Ubuntu 20.04 desktop and the steps to add a Media Player and a Video Editor to the desktop.

This is a course lab in the CIS 440 UNIX course.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 2: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 1: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 3: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

(2021 Revision) Chapter 5: Essential Aspects Of Physical Design And Implementation Of Relational Databases, Tatiana Malyuta, Ashwin Satyanarayana

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Unit 3 - Displaying Hardware And Data Files, George A. Nossa, Ahmet Kok

Open Educational Resources

This document is a lab assignment of the CIS 440 UNIX Course. This course is mostly based on lab assignments that are performed by students using their home computers (desktops or laptops). The home computers are configured as virtual machines by installing the Oracle Virtual Box Version 6.12 The Ubuntu Desktop Operating System (version 20.04) is then installed on these virtual machines, which are then used to run the course labs.

This lab assignment titled “Unit 3 - Displaying Hardware and Data Files” was originally developed by the National Information Security and Geospatial Technologies Consortium (NISGTC)and is licensed under …

A Green-Gray Path To Global Water Security And Sustainable Infrastructure, Charles J. Vörösmarty, Ben Stewart-Koster, Pamela A. Green, Edward L. Boone, Martina Flörke, Günther Fischer, David A. Wiberg, Stuart E. Bunn, Anik Bhaduri, Peter B. Mcintyre, Claudia Sadoff, Hongxing Liu, David Stifel

Advanced Science Research Center

Sustainable development demands reliable water resources, yet traditional water management has broadly failed to avoid environmental degradation and contain infrastructure costs. We explore the global-scale feasibility of combining natural capital with engineering-based (green-gray) approaches to meet water security threats over the 21st century. Threats to water resource systems are projected to rise throughout this period, together with a significant expansion in engineering deployments and progressive loss of natural capital. In many parts of the world, strong path dependencies are projected to arise from the legacy of prior environmental degradation that constrains future water management to a heavy reliance on engineering-based …

Sorption Of Metals At The Barite (001)-Water Interface, Inva Braha

Student Theses

Abstract

Ion desorption processes control the retention of ions, such as Pb²⁺, at barite surfaces, whereas ion adsorption processes are a likely initial step in the incorporation of divalent cations, such as Sr²⁺ and Pb²⁺, into barite. Based on previous studies on samples dominated by flat terraces with relatively few defects, Sr²⁺ and Pb²⁺ adsorb and incorporate at the barite (001)-water interface (Bracco et al., 2019; Bracco et al., 2020). Here, I measured how susceptible lead (Pb) is to desorption and the role surface variability plays in its sorption behavior. First, I measured …

Differentiability Of The Liouville Map Via Geodesic Currents, Xinlong Dong

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

For a conformally hyperbolic Riemann surface, the Teichmüller space is the space of quasiconformal maps factored by an equivalence relation, and it is a complex Banach manifold. The space of geodesic currents endowed with the uniform weak* topology is a subset of a Fréchet space of Hölder distributions. We introduce an appropriate topology on the space of Hölder distributions and this new topology coincides with the uniform weak* topology on the space of geodesic currents. The Liouville map of the Teichmüller space becomes differentiable in the Fréchet sense. In particular, the derivative of Liouville currents exists and belongs to the …

Diffraction-Based Studies Of Magneto- And Baro-Caloric Materials, Steven P. Vallone

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The field of calorics represents a class of materials that offer the potential for solid-state cooling and heating, and, given the global climate crisis, comprise a necessary and active area of research. A clear and thorough understanding of their internal structural interactions and their external response to the environment is necessary for overall progress in the field, as accurate theoretical modeling and efficient materials design for devices both depend on this information. Through analysis of x-ray and neutron diffraction, the atomic order and disorder that drives these interactions is revealed. This dissertation focuses on diffraction studies concerning representative samples from …

Clifford Harmonics, Samuel L. Hosmer

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In 1980 Michelsohn defined a differential operator on sections of the complex Clifford bundle over a compact Kähler manifold M. This operator is a differential and its Laplacian agrees with the Laplacian of the Dolbeault operator on forms through a natural identification of differential forms with sections of the Clifford bundle. Relaxing the condition that M be Kähler, we introduce two differential operators on sections of the complex Clifford bundle over a compact almost Hermitian manifold which naturally generalize the one introduced by Michelsohn. We show surprising Kähler- like symmetries of the kernel of the Laplacians of these operators in …

Novel Hybrid Resampling Algorithms For Parallel/Distributed Particle Filters, Xudong Zhang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Particle filters, also known as sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, use the Bayesian inference and the stochastic sampling technique to estimate the states of dynamic systems from given observations. Parallel/Distributed particle filters were introduced to improve the performance of sequential particle filters by using multiple processing units (PUs). The classical resampling algorithm used in parallel/distributed particle filters is a centralized scheme, called centralized resampling, which needs a central unit (CU) to serve as a hub for data transfers. As a result, the centralized resampling procedures produce extra communication costs, which lowers the speedup factors in parallel computing. Even though some …