Veterinary Physiology Commons^™

Transfemoral Approach To Patent Ductus Arteriosus Occlusion Using Acdo In A Dog With Complex Surgical History, Nawat Sannamwong, Hataichon Owatdhumma, Kornrawee Tharavanij, Thitinan Tangarsasilp, Nardtiwa Chaivoravitsakul, Kongthit Horoongruang, Patmanachatr Bunnag, Nakkawee Saengklub, Krishaporn Kradangnga, Sirilak Disatian Surachetpong, Anusak Kijtawornrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A five-year-old spayed female Welsh Corgi weighing 12.4 kg presented with exercise intolerance and was diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Due to signs of left-sided volume overload, the dog was initially managed with oral pimobendan and was subsequently referred to the Small Animal Teaching Hospital at Chulalongkorn University for further evaluation and intervention. Upon presentation, the patient was bright, alert, and responsive, with a body condition score of 6 out of 9 and normal muscle condition. The mucous membranes were pink and moist, with a capillary refill time of 1 to 2 seconds. A continuous heart murmur was …

Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Symbiotic, Prebiotics And Probiotics On Conformation Of Teats In Rabbits, Saqib Kakar, Allah Bux Kachiwal, Saeed Ahmed Soomro, Akeel Ahmed Memon

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics on the reproductive and physiological performance of New Zealand White rabbits, emphasizing teat conformation. Forty-eight rabbits were divided into four groups: control (a), prebiotics (b), probiotics (c), and symbiotics (d). During the first parity, teat conformation varied across dietary treatments, with group d (symbiotic supplementation) generally exhibiting superior teat morphology. Horizontal teat length was highest in group a (4.38±0.35) and lowest in group d (4.02±0.43). The rear teat distance from the floor was longest in group d (1.71±0.25) and shortest in group a (1.41±0.50), with a similar …

Hematologic And Serum Biochemical Reference Intervals For Formosan Sika Deer (Cervus Nippon Taiouanus) From A Semi-Free-Ranging Population In Taiwan, Chen-Wei Wang, Ke-Lun Chen, Hung-Yi Wu, Chia-Ying Lin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The Formosan sika deer (Cervus nippon taiouanus), an endemic Taiwanese subspecies, holds a pivotal role in local conservation. This study addresses a significant knowledge gap by establishing population-specific reference intervals (RIs) for this species, as existing RIs are based on limited captive populations and may not accurately reflect the health of semi-free-ranging cohorts. We analyzed 632 sampling events from 232 healthy adult deer within Kenting National Park over 12 years (2013–2024). This study adhered to ASVCP guidelines, establishing instrument-specific RIs and employing linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) to evaluate the complex interactions among analytical instruments, sex, and body weight. …

Preliminary Study Of A Support System For Noninvasive Pneumonia Detection Using Breath Sound Analysis In Calves, Yasuhiro Morita, Seiji Inoue, Satoshi Ohkura

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Pneumonia in calves is caused by a complex association between host, pathogen, and environmental factors, and it is challenging to detect the subclinical stages. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately and rapidly identify calves with pneumonia on farms to provide appropriate treatment in a timely manner. In the present study, we focused on the frequency components of lung sounds to distinguish calves with and without pneumonia, without the need for veterinary expertise. In addition, we evaluated the pathogenesis of pneumonia by clarifying the relationship between the frequency components of lung sounds and lung ultrasound findings in calves. Although further case …

The Effect Of Diet Formulations Containing Different Protein Sources On Energy And Nitrogen Utilization In Lactating Jersey Cows, Kortney Ann Harpestad

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

It is well understood that lactating dairy cows require metabolizable protein (MP) for milk yield and milk protein synthesis. Diets with conventional feed sources like corn and soybean meal (SBM) may not sufficiently meet all MP and amino acid (AA) requirements so supplementation with more rumen undegradable protein (RUP) rich feeds or rumen-protected AA can be fed to support animal performance. The growth trajectory of biofuels has resulted in dramatic increases in the production of feeds like heat treated soybean meal (HTSBM). While the chemical composition of this product is understood, there is a need to better understand how HTSBM …

Maternal Hyperleptinemia Alters Placental Transcriptome And Progesterone Regulation Without Affecting Early Equine Fetal Growth, Lucinda L. Thorburn

LSU Master's Theses

While consequences of equine obesity are well defined, the extent to which persistent hyperleptinemia and accompanying leptin (Lep) resistance affect the fetal-maternal environment warrants further exploration. This study compared endocrine, fetal, placental, and uterine parameters during early pregnancy (through day 70) in mares with elevated leptin versus normal leptin (NL) concentrations. Fourteen mares were classified as either NL (n = 6; Lep 0.9 ± 0.3 ng/mL), moderate leptin (ML; n = 4; Lep 3.0 ± 0.3 ng/mL), or high leptin (HL; n = 4; Lep 5.8 ± 0.7 ng/mL) based on annual plasma leptin. Mares were artificially inseminated and induced …

Diagnosis, Treatment, Genetic Basis, And Prevention Of Canine Hip Dysplasia, Nathaniel R. Woody

Senior Honors Theses

Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is a genetic disorder that results in an improper formation of the hip joint. This results in joint laxity, which eats away at the cartilage of the acetabulum. CHD causes arthritis, making normal walking painful for dogs. CHD is the result of many different genes and mutations working together. The best way to prevent CHD in dogs is to selectively breed animals who are not genotypic for the mutation. For dogs that already carry the mutation responsible for CHD the earlier the diagnosis and treatment the better chance they have of a full pain free life …

Digestibility, Palatability, And Nutrient Composition Of Three Species Of Whole Prey In Three Species Of Snakes, Morgan R. Kienzle

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Snakes in human care often lack diversity in the diet. Rodents account for the majority of meals, while wild snakes are consuming a varied diet composed of multiple different whole prey species. By feeding only one species of prey, the chance of nutrient deficiencies and other health concerns increases. To promote variety in the managed diet, two commercially available whole prey species (mice (Mus musculus) and chicks (Gallus spp.)) and one novel species (Seba’s short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata)), were analyzed for their dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fat …

Methane Mitigation And Its Effects On Energy Utilization In Lactating Dairy Cattle, Shan C. Sherwood

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Improved methane (CH₄) mitigation strategies are needed to achieve the greenhouse gas emission goals of the dairy industry. The first experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed oil and acetate (BCA) on CH₄ production and whole-animal energy utilization. Twelve dry Jersey cows were used in a 2-period crossover design study with 28d periods. The BCA treatment was compared to a control diet with corn oil. Both BCA and corn oil were added to the base diet as a top dress. Results from this study did not show any …

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Ii And Its Receptor: Novel Regulators Of Semen Quality And Follicular Function In Swine, Caitlin Elizabeth Ross

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Pigs are the only mammalian livestock species encoding functional proteins for the second form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-II) and its receptor (GnRHR-II). In the first study, GnRHR-II localized to developing germ cells and the connecting piece of ejaculated spermatozoa. Concurrently, GnRH-II was most abundantly produced in the testis compared with other reproductive tract organs and was present within seminal plasma. Moreover, treatment of extended semen with GnRHR-II analogues altered sperm motility, morphology, and kinematics. For remaining studies, we utilized a swine line with ubiquitous knockdown of GnRHR-II (GnRHR-II KD) developed in our laboratory. The second study demonstrated that circulating GnRH-II …

Impact Of Colostrum Lactose Concentration In Relation To Metabolomic Profiles On Kid Growth Performance Of Black Bengal Goats, Tien Thi Phuong Vo, Chollada Buranakarl, Sumonwan Chamsuwan, Sumpun Thammacharoen, Morakot Nuntapaitoon, Sarn Settachaimongkon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Colostrum composition, including lactose concentration in relation to metabolomic profiles on kids’ growth performance of Black Bengal goats, has not yet been elucidated. Macronutrients, including lactose and metabolomic profiles, were determined in 37 colostrum samples using MilkoScan and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance technique, respectively. Kids’ growth performance, including birth weight, average daily gain at 0–4 weeks (ADG0-4W), 4–8 weeks (ADG4-8W), and wean weight were determined. A total of 51 metabolites were detected in the colostrum. From the general linear model for univariate analysis, kids born from multiple litter sizes showed lower ADG during the first month postpartum (P = 0.004). …

Artificial Insemination Of Beef Heifers With Multi-Sire Semen, Dempster Christenson, Jordan M. Thomas, Daniel J. Kelly, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

This study compared pregnancy rates of beef heifers artificially inseminated with multi-sire semen to single-sire semen. It was hypothesized pregnancy rates resulting from multi-sire semen would be increased compared to single-sire semen. Heifers were artificially inseminated with semen from one of three single-sires or semen from a combination of the same three sires. Pregnancy rates did not significantly differ. Paternity testing suggests sire parentage can be unequal when semen is mixed from multiple sires. In summary, producers can expect similar pregnancy rates using single-sire and multi-sire semen, but progeny may have unequal sire representation.

Form And Function In Mobulids: A Comparative Analysis Of Filter Morphology With Bioinspiration Applications, J. B. Teeple, S. R. Kahane-Rapport, K. E. Cohen, L. Hamann, J. A. Strother, E. W. M. Paig-Tran

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Mobulas (manta and devil rays) are large-scale ram filter feeders that separate planktonic food particles from large volumes of water with minimal clogging. This contrasts with most human-made filters that can suffer from problematic clogging requiring additional mechanisms for clearing blocked surfaces and maintaining performance. Prior studies have shown that mobulas employ a unique mechanism referred to as ricochet separation to filter feed, whereby captive vortices in filter pores cause particles to bounce off the filter surfaces and away from the filter pores. This mechanism enables the filtration of particles smaller than the pore size and reduced clogging. However, few …

Assessing Reproductive Health In Zoo-Managed African Elephant Bulls (Loxodonta Africana), Kaitlyn Marie Campbell

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Populations of zoo-managed African elephant (Loxodonta Africana) exhibit substantial individual- and population-level variation in reproductive success, yet research has largely focused on females, leaving male fertility poorly understood. Subfertility in bulls, characterized by low libido and inconsistent semen quality, poses significant challenges to genetic management and long-term population sustainability. This study a) systematically evaluates semen quality, b) identifies physiological, behavioral, social, and environmental determinants of fertility, and c) advances ex situ conservation through the expansion of the African elephant sperm bank. Between January 2023 and July 2025, 209 semen collection events were conducted from 13 sexually mature bulls …

Hair Growth Rate Estimation In North American Ursids, Jennifer H. Stern, Karyn D. Rode, Craig A. Stricker, Sheriden Ploof, Cindy L. J. Roberts, Celess Edinger, Mary Humbyrd, Nate Wagner, Megan A. Owen, John P. Whiteman, Thea Bechshoft, Brent White, Kristin L. Laidre

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The feeding ecology of wildlife populations has important implications for individual health, population productivity and distribution patterns. For ursids (bears), food resources and feeding behaviour primarily affect population dynamics via effects on cub production and survival. Much of what is known about the feeding ecology of bears is based on analyses of tissues collected from capture-based research efforts, harvested animals or non-invasive approaches. However, inference about diet from hair has been limited by a lack of quantitative data on the timing of the moult and hair growth rates. We conducted a study to develop and test two methods of quantifying …

Examining Factors Of Variance In Energy Metabolism Of Dairy Cattle, Addison Lee Carroll

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Variation is thought to occur in the use of dietary energy for production in dairy cattle. First, variance can be observed when new methane mitigation strategies are fed resulting in increased H₂ output potentially resulting in downstream effects on estimates heat production via the Brouwer (1965) equation. Therefore, in chapter 3 a review was created to systematically describe the mathematics and theory behind the Brouwer equation, and rederive a heat production equation to integrate H₂ production. Results indicate heat production using the classical Brouwer equation (1965) relative to the rederived equation resulted in an overestimation of heat production …

Evaluating Viability, Developmental Competence, And Chromatin Configurations Of Cryopreserved Equine Oocytes, Tricia Adams

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Assisted reproduction technology and the use of specialized laboratories have increased in the horse breeding industry over the last decade. This expansion has highlighted the inability to routinely cryopreserve oocytes and preserve female genetics. Oocyte vitrification, a cryopreservation process, continues to be characterized as an experimental procedure in horses. The goal of this dissertation was to evaluate the viability, developmental competence, and nuclear structures of cryopreserved equine oocytes to illuminate potential areas of improvement in the vitrification process. Oocytes were collected from abattoir derived ovaries and exposed to either varying lengths of in vitro maturation (IVM) or pretreated with a …

Variation In Air Sac Morphology And Postcranial Skeletal Pneumatization Patterns In The African Grey Parrot, Adam B. Lawson, Aracely Martinez, Brandon P. Hedrick, M. Scott Echols, Emma R. Schachner

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

The anatomy of the avian lower respiratory system includes a complex interaction between air-filled pulmonary tissues, pulmonary air sacs, and much of the postcranial skeleton. Hypotheses related to the function and phylogenetic provenance of these respiratory structures have been posed based on extensive interspecific descriptions for an array of taxa. By contrast, intraspecific descriptions of anatomical variation for these features are much more limited, particularly for skeletal pneumatization, and are essential to establish a baseline for evaluating interspecific variation. To address this issue, we collected micro-computed tomography (μCT) scans of live and deceased African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) to assess …

Long-Term Tapering Regimen Use Of Oclacitinib For The Control Of Pruritus In An Atopic Dog, Piyarat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a genetically predisposed inflammatory skin disease with a global distribution, yet it is incurable. A key clinical sign of CAD is pruritus. Oclacitinib has proven effective in managing pruritus in atopic dogs. This case report details the long-term administration of oclacitinib every other day for controlling pruritus in an atopic dog. An 8-year-old atopic Bangkaew dog presented with pruritus, alopecia, and recurrent Malassezia pachydermatis infection. To control the pruritus, the dog received oclacitinib at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg orally every 24 hours for 30 weeks. The pruritus visual analog scale (PVAS) decreased from …

Reducing The Effects Of Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress On Viability Of The Broiler Blood Cells When Exposed To High Ambient Temperatures By Using Tannic Acid, Jaroon Wandee, Piyarat Srinontong, Worapol Aengwanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study aimed to investigate the effect of tannic acid (TA) on total antioxidant power (FRAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), and the viability of broiler blood cells (BBC) exposed to high ambient temperatures. The BBC from a broiler chicken was exposed to temperatures ranging from 41.5°C to 46°C and incubated with TA at concentrations of 0 (the positive control group, TPCG), 5, 10, 15, and 20 μg/mL. Results showed that MDA, H2O2, and NO levels of the control group (TCG) which BBC was maintained at 41.5°C were significantly lower than TPCG. The viability of TPCG was …

Effects Of Prostaglandin Administration After Farrowing On Milk Output, Vaginal Discharge, And Mastitis During The Early Postpartum Period In Sows Under Field Conditions, G. Romano, R. Saleri, F. De Rensis, E. Dall’Olio, Padet Tummaruk, M. Andrani, C. Mazzoni

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study evaluates the clinical effects of early post-partum prostaglandin administration on milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis in sow. Two groups of sows were used: sows (n = 25) treated with prostaglandin F-2alpha (PGF-2α) intramuscularly 36 h after farrowing and a control group (n = 48) that did not receive any treatment. Seventy-two hours after farrowing, all animals were scored for rectal temperature, respiratory rate, feed ingestion, milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis. Rectal temperature, feed intake, and milk output did not differ between the groups (P = 0.43). Regarding the clinical data, vaginal discharge was detected in …

Assessment Of American Tannin-Free Grain Sorghum As Feedstuff For Poultry: Nutrient Composition, Amino Acid Digestibility And Bird Performance, Santiago Sasia

All Dissertations

Given the rising cost of poultry diets, alternative ingredients like sorghum are crucial for maximizing returns without compromising product quality. Sorghum's drought tolerance and adaptability, along with its nutritional profile, make it a viable corn substitute. This dissertation examines the nutrient composition, amino acid digestibility, and performance of poultry fed with American tannin-free grain sorghum. Chapter II evaluates the impact of sorghum-based diets, with or without phytase superdosing, on broiler performance, including body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Results indicate that sorghum can replace corn without adverse effects on broiler performance. Chapter III explores the partial …

The Impact Of A Pgym Variant On Myophosphorylase Deficiency In Red Angus Composite Cattle And Changes In The Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Due To The Intramuscular Administration Of Lidocaine In Wether Lambs, Mackenzie Christin Batt

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Project 1 focused on eight calves in a Nebraska herd (composite Simmental, Red Angus, Gelbvieh) that displayed exercise intolerance during forced activity. Available sire pedigrees contained a paternal ancestor within 2-4 generations in all affected calves. Pedigrees of the calves’ dams were unavailable, however, the cows were ranch-raised and retained from prior breeding seasons, where bulls used for breeding occasionally had a common ancestor. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a de novo autosomal recessive variant was causative of exercise intolerance in these calves. A genome-wide association analysis followed by whole-genome sequencing led to the identification of a variant in the …

Impact Of Strategic Postweaning Supplementation On March- And May-Born Yearling Range Heifer And Calf Growth And Performance In The Nebraska Sandhills, Josie Nicole Crouch

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Three experiments were conducted at the Gudmundsen Sandhills laboratory near Whitman, Nebraska. Experiment 1, a retrospective regression analysis, evaluated the impact of heifer percentage of mature body weight (BW) at breeding on heifer performance, subsequent pregnancy rates, and calf production. Overall pregnancy rates were greater (P < 0.01) for heifers at 60 to 70% of mature BW than 50 to 55%, with no differences in pregnancy rates (P ≥ 0.15) after 2-years of age. Heifers at 50 to 60% of mature BW had a greater (P = 0.05) proportion give birth in the first 21-d. A higher percentage of mature BW at breeding resulted in greater (P < 0.01) BW at birth and weaning for offspring.

Experiments 2 and 3 were 3-year studies that evaluated the impact …

Investigation Into Cardiacmyhc-Α 334–352-Specific Tcr Transgenic Mice Reveals A Role For Cytotoxic Cd4 T Cells In The Development Of Cardiac Autoimmunity, Meghna Sur, Mahima T. Rasquinha, Kiruthiga Mone, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Ninaad Lasrado, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Raymond A. Sobel, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Myocarditis is one of the major causes of heart failure in children and young adults and can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. Lymphocytic myocarditis could result from autoreactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but defining antigen specificity in disease pathogenesis is challenging. To address this issue, we generated T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic (Tg) C57BL/6J mice specific to cardiac myosin heavy chain (Myhc)-α 334–352 and found that Myhc-α-specific TCRs were expressed in both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. To investigate if the phenotype is more pronounced in a myocarditis-susceptible genetic background, we backcrossed with A/J mice. At the fourth …

A Novel Non-Rodent Animal Model Of Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Acute And Chronic Lung Injury, Pavel A. Solopov, Ruben Manuel Luciano Biancatelli, Tierney Day, Christiana Dimitropoulou, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Hydrochloric acid is one of the most prevalent and hazardous chemicals. Accidental spills occur in industrial plants or during transportation. Exposure to HCl can induce severe health impairment, including acute and chronic pulmonary diseases. We have previously described the molecular, structural, and functional aspects of the development of chronic lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis caused by intratracheal instillation of HCl in mice. Although mouse models of human disease have many advantages, rodents are evolutionary far from human and exhibit significant anatomical and physiological differences. Genetic and anatomic similarities between rabbits and humans are significantly higher. Rabbit models of HCl-induced lung …

Effect Of Haemonchus Contortus Excretory/Secretory Protein On Differences In Host Neutrophil Migration, Hannah Grace Teddleton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An excretory/secretory (E/S) product, common to many helminths, is neutrophil inhibitory factor (NIF) which negatively affects neutrophil migration and activity. Due to differences in neutrophil accumulation between parasite resistant St. Croix STC and parasite susceptible Suffolk (SUF) sheep, we hypothesized that Hc-NIF may inhibit migration of SUF and not STC neutrophils. Previous studies have demonstrated that Hc produces NIF but is not commercially available. To test our hypothesis, neutrophils were cultured from STC and SUF sheep in the presence of Ancylostoma caninum-derived NIF (Ac-NIF) and measure chemotaxis to Interleukin-8 (IL-8), HcLA or H. contortus third-stage excretory/secretory (E/S) products. Neutrophils were …

Nerve Transfer For Restoration Of Lower Motor Neuron-Lesioned Bladder, Urethral, And Anal Sphincter Function In A Dog Model. Part 3. Nicotinic Receptor Characterization, Nagat Frara, Mary F. Barbe, Dania Giaddui, Danielle S. Porreca, Alan S. Braverman, Ekta Tiwari, Attia Ahmad, Justin M. Brown, Benjamin R. Johnston, Stanley F. Bazarek, Michael R. Ruggieri

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Very little is known about the physiological role of nicotinic receptors in canine bladders, although functional nicotinic receptors have been reported in bladders of many species. Utilizing in vitro methods, we evaluated nicotinic receptors mediating bladder function in dogs: control (9 female and 11 male normal controls, 5 sham operated), Decentralized (9 females, decentralized 6–21 mo), and obturator-to-pelvic nerve transfer reinnervated (ObNT-Reinn; 9 females; decentralized 9–13 mo, then reinnervated with 8–12 mo recovery). Muscle strips were collected, mucosa-denuded, and mounted in muscle baths before incubation with neurotransmitter antagonists, and contractions to the nicotinic receptor agonist epibatidine were determined. Strip response …

Effect Of Furosemide Administration On Plasma Analytes And Urine Enzyme Excretion In Two Reptilian Species, Kathryn Metcalf

LSU Master's Theses

Renal disease is a common ailment of captive reptiles that is often closely linked to chronic, subclinical states of dehydration. Currently, the diagnosis of renal disease in reptiles is poorly characterized and often relies on invasive diagnostic techniques (e.g., renal biopsy) for definitive diagnosis. A potential outlet for the further characterization of renal dysfunction in reptiles is the induction of dehydration by furosemide therapy. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is commonly used in mammalian patients for the treatment of congestive heart failure. The utility of furosemide in reptiles is poorly characterized, however, both experimental and clinical utility of this …

Distribution Pattern Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Escherichia Coli Isolated From Colibacillosis Cases In Broiler Farms Of Egypt, Mona A A Abdel-Rahman, Engy A Hamed, May F Abdelaty, Hend K Sorour, Heba Badr, Wafaa M Hassan, Azhar G Shalaby, Ahmed Abd-Elhalem Mohamed, Mohamed A Soliman, Heba Roshdy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Multidrug resistance (MDR) of

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from 938 broiler farms were bacteriologically examined for

RESULTS:

CONCLUSION: The study showed a high prevalence of