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2003

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Articles 301 - 318 of 318

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 And Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency, Clinton J. Jones Jan 2003

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 And Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

A high percentage of the world’s population are infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and infection can cause a variety of disorders (35, 187). Recurrent ocular HSV-1 is the leading cause of infectious corneal blindness in industrialized nations (190). In a murine model, ocular infection induces autoimmune disorders, leading to corneal antigen destruction and stromal keratitis (275). HSV-1 infections also cause gastrointestinal disorders, esophageal disorders, and approximately 25% of the genital herpes infections (67, 158). HSV-1 infections can cause sporadic encephalitis, but this is relatively rare compared to other diseases resulting from infection. Further evidence for its involvement …

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Mucosal Priming Of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses In Rhesus Macaques By The Salmonella Type Iii Secretion Antigen Delivery System, David T. Evans, Li-Mei Chen, Jacqueline Gillis, Kuei-Chin Lin, Brian Harty, Gail P. Mazzara, Ruben O. Donis, Keith G. Mansfield, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Jorge E. Galán, R. Paul Johnson Jan 2003

Mucosal Priming Of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses In Rhesus Macaques By The Salmonella Type Iii Secretion Antigen Delivery System, David T. Evans, Li-Mei Chen, Jacqueline Gillis, Kuei-Chin Lin, Brian Harty, Gail P. Mazzara, Ruben O. Donis, Keith G. Mansfield, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Jorge E. Galán, R. Paul Johnson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Nearly all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are acquired mucosally, and the gut-associated lymphoid tissues are important sites for early virus replication. Thus, vaccine strategies designed to prime virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses that home to mucosal compartments may be particularly effective at preventing or containing HIV infection. The Salmonella type III secretion system has been shown to be an effective approach for stimulating mucosal CTL responses in mice. We therefore tested ∆phoP-phoQ attenuated strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and S. enterica serovar Typhi expressing fragments of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag protein fused to the …

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Detection Of Critical Control Points In White Cheese Production In Small Dairy Plants, Süreyya Saltan Evrensel, Seran Temelli̇, Şahsene Anar Jan 2003

Detection Of Critical Control Points In White Cheese Production In Small Dairy Plants, Süreyya Saltan Evrensel, Seran Temelli̇, Şahsene Anar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, which was conducted to detect the critical control points and to investigate the direct and cross-contamination sources in white pickled cheese production, 21 control points were examined for aerobe mesophilic counts, staphylococcus-micrococcus, coagulase-positive staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae, coliform bacteria, E. coli, enterococcus, yeast and mould counts. It was determined that the high microbiological load of raw milk affected the microbiological quality of pasteurized milk negatively, and that the production pipe-line after pasteurization, and equipment such as vats, plastic wraps, pressing cloths, starter culture and the hands of the workers, were direct contamination sources. In addition, the hands of workers …

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Serological And Microbiological Investigation On Turkey Rhinotracheitis Virus (Trtv) Infection Of Chickens And Turkeys, Yavuz Çokal, Ayşi̇n Şen Jan 2003

Serological And Microbiological Investigation On Turkey Rhinotracheitis Virus (Trtv) Infection Of Chickens And Turkeys, Yavuz Çokal, Ayşi̇n Şen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A total of 426 serum samples were examined from 9 broiler and 7 broiler breeder flocks showing clinical signs of swollen head syndrome (SHS). Turkey rhinotracheitis virus antibodies in 8 broiler flocks were between 31.8 and 75.9% and in broiler breeder flocks between 5.4 and 48.6%, with a commercial ELISA. Typical clinical symptoms were observed for SHS in broilers and broiler breeders. During the study, turkey flocks showing clinical signs were not detected. The antibodies to TRTV were between 5.5 and 80.0% in 7 out of 10 broiler flocks, and between 20.0 and 57.1% in 3 out of 4 fattening …

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The Effects Of Maturity On Range Quality And Animal Performance, M. Aki̇f Karsli, Suphi̇ Deni̇z, Hüseyi̇n Nursoy, Ni̇hat Denek, Hakki Akdeni̇z Jan 2003

The Effects Of Maturity On Range Quality And Animal Performance, M. Aki̇f Karsli, Suphi̇ Deni̇z, Hüseyi̇n Nursoy, Ni̇hat Denek, Hakki Akdeni̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of maturity on the range quality and weight gain of male and female lambs, and the time at which supplementation is needed. The experiment was conducted at TİGEM Altındere Agricultural experiment station. At the start of the grazing season, four 4-m^2 areas from 3 different (expected to be heavily grazed) locations of range were excluded from grazing with cages. Dry matter (DM) yield and DM loss due to grazing at different periods of the grazing season were determined from these areas. Forage samples were collected from grazed and ungrazed areas …

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Controlling The Breeding Season Using Melatonin And Progestagen In Kıvırcık Ewes, Huri̇ye Horoz Kaya, Güven Kaşikçi, Kemal Ak, Serhat Alkan, Cumhur Sönmez Jan 2003

Controlling The Breeding Season Using Melatonin And Progestagen In Kıvırcık Ewes, Huri̇ye Horoz Kaya, Güven Kaşikçi, Kemal Ak, Serhat Alkan, Cumhur Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effect of melatonin and progestagen sponge administrations separately and together on the reproductive performance at the onset of the breeding season were investigated in Kıvırcık ewes. On June 22, to 40 anoestrous and non-lactating ewes were administrated melatonin (Regulin) implants. On July 14, progestagen (Synchron) sponges were inserted in 20 of these ewes and in 20 other ewes. They were removed 14 days later and on the day of removal the ewes were given 600 I.U. pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG). The other 20 ewes served as controls. Rams were introduced on July 28. The lambing percentages of the …

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Cattle Rumen Tissue Arginase And Molecular Weights Of Its Subunits, Mi̇ne Eri̇şi̇r, Sema Temi̇zer Ozan Jan 2003

Cattle Rumen Tissue Arginase And Molecular Weights Of Its Subunits, Mi̇ne Eri̇şi̇r, Sema Temi̇zer Ozan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The arginase was partially purified from cattle rumen tissue and its properties were investigated and thereafter compared with those of other tissue arginases. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was found about 150 times greater than that of the crude rumen homogenate. The molecular weight of native arginase, estimated by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-150 column, was 122 500 ± 2500 and those of subunits of the enzyme, estimated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column, were 44 000 ± 1000 and 34 500 ± 500. This indicates that the native enzyme is a trimer …

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Effects Of Cadmium On Uterine Contractions In Different Species In Vitro, Haki̇ Kara, Kadi̇r Servi̇, Yaşar Akar Jan 2003

Effects Of Cadmium On Uterine Contractions In Different Species In Vitro, Haki̇ Kara, Kadi̇r Servi̇, Yaşar Akar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cadmium on oxytocin-induced myometrium contractions in rats, cows and cats in vitro. The frequency was 12.20 ± 1.2, 11.25 ± 2.7 and 10.70 ± 2.5/10 min, respectively, after 0.01 mM oxytocin induced with myometrial samples in rats, cows and cats. The peak amplitude was 3.84 ± 0.50, 3.44 ± 0.65 and 3.35 ± 0.45 g, respectively, after oxytocin induction. The frequency and peak amplitude decreased after the addition of 0.01 mM cadmium chloride (CdCl_2). The frequency was 1.2 ± 0.4 (p < 0.001), 2.5 ± 0.5 (p < 0.001) and 2.0 ± 0.6(p < 0.001), respectively, and the peak amplitude was 0.7 ± 0.3 (p < 0.001), 1.2 ± 0.2 (p < 0.001) and 0.8 ± 0.4 g (p < 0.001), respectively, in rat, cow and cat myometrium. Finally, the myometrium contractions were completely inhibited in the three species. In conclusion, the effects of cadmium may inhibit both calcium channels and the intracellular-induced mechanism.

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The Effect Of Replacing Different Levels Of Sorghum Vulgare With No Bran In Place Of Barley On Fattening Performance And Wool Quality In Akkaraman Lambs, Hali̇t İmi̇k, Şaki̇r Doğan Tuncer, Meli̇k Aytaç, Ayli̇n Aylanç Jan 2003

The Effect Of Replacing Different Levels Of Sorghum Vulgare With No Bran In Place Of Barley On Fattening Performance And Wool Quality In Akkaraman Lambs, Hali̇t İmi̇k, Şaki̇r Doğan Tuncer, Meli̇k Aytaç, Ayli̇n Aylanç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effects of different levels (0%, 8%, 16%, 23% and 32%) of Sorghum vulgare (0.7%) containing low tannen added to the rations of lambs in place of barley on live weight gain, concentrate consumption, feed efficiency, digestibility of total dry matter of feeds and wool quality in lambs were examined. Forty-five 2.5-month-old Akkaraman lambs were used in the study. The experiment lasted 56 days. The groups were fed 71% barley (control group), 62% barley + 8% sorghum (group 1), 53% barley + 16% sorghum (group 2), 48.3% barley + 23% sorghum (group 3), and 41% barley + …

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The Relationship Between The Stages Of The Sexual Cycle, The Pregnancy And Postpartum Periods And Vaginal Flora In Kangal Breed Bitches, Murat Findik, Ni̇l Maral, Oktay Keski̇n, Hakan Kalender, Jale Erdeğer, Seli̇m Aslan Jan 2003

The Relationship Between The Stages Of The Sexual Cycle, The Pregnancy And Postpartum Periods And Vaginal Flora In Kangal Breed Bitches, Murat Findik, Ni̇l Maral, Oktay Keski̇n, Hakan Kalender, Jale Erdeğer, Seli̇m Aslan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed on females of the Kangal Breed (Turkish Anatolian Shepherd Dog) with the aim of determining the relationship between the stages of the sexual cycle and vaginal flora. The stages of the cycle in Kangal bitches (n= 16) were determined by performing vaginoscopic, vaginal cytologic and ultrasonographic checks at regular intervals and examining vaginal swab samples bacteriologically. The swab samples were inoculated onto 7% sheep blood agar and incubated for 18-24 h at 37 ºC and total counts of the resulting colonies were evaluated. In addition, inoculations were made onto 7% sheep blood agar, PPLO agar, Columbia …

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The Effects Of Vitamin E Supplementation On The Myofibrillar Protein Of Male Morkaraman Lambs, Muhammet İrfan Aksu, Nesi̇mi̇ Aktaş, Mükerrem Kaya, Muhli̇s Maci̇t Jan 2003

The Effects Of Vitamin E Supplementation On The Myofibrillar Protein Of Male Morkaraman Lambs, Muhammet İrfan Aksu, Nesi̇mi̇ Aktaş, Mükerrem Kaya, Muhli̇s Maci̇t

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effect of vitamin E usage (75 days, 45 mg/day of vitamin E (DL-\alpha tocopheryl acetate)) on the myofibrillar proteins in male Morkaraman lamb meat was investigated. SDS-PAGE gels indicated that vitamin E supplementation to the diet did not have any effect on actin and myosin; however it had a fractional effect on tropomyosin. For pH values, no differences were observed between the control and vitamin E supplemented groups.

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Survival Of Yersinia Enterocolitica During The Manufacture And Ripening Of Mihalıç Cheese, Mehmet Kurtuluş Cem Şen, Seran Temelli̇, Süreyya Saltan Evrensel Jan 2003

Survival Of Yersinia Enterocolitica During The Manufacture And Ripening Of Mihalıç Cheese, Mehmet Kurtuluş Cem Şen, Seran Temelli̇, Süreyya Saltan Evrensel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The survival of Yersinia enterocolitica strain 0:9 was investigated during the manufacturing and ripening of Mihalıç cheese produced from raw milk. Mihalıç cheese was produced after inoculating 10^5 cfu/ml of Y. enterocolitica strain 0:9 into raw milk. All cheese samples were ripened at + 4 °C for 30 days in 18 to 22% of brine. Samples taken from raw milk, scalded and strained curd, and cheese on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 15 and 21 of the ripening process were analyzed for Y. enterocolitica, pH values and salt content. In raw milk, where initial inoculated Y. enterocolitica counts were 10^5 …

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The First Giardia Infection In Cattle Gall Bladder, Serpi̇l Değerli̇, Semra Özçeli̇k Jan 2003

The First Giardia Infection In Cattle Gall Bladder, Serpi̇l Değerli̇, Semra Özçeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Giardia is a ubiquitously distributed flagellate protozoon that inhabits the small intestine of its host. In this paper, Giardia infection is reported in the gall bladder of an adult cow. Faecal samples from asymptomatic dairy cows and calves from several farms in Zara, Sivas, were studied by direct examination and the zinc sulphate flotation techniques. No Giardia cysts were found in 106 samples. In addition, the gall bladders of cattle provided from the slaughterhouse in Sivas were tested by direct and zinc sulphate flotation technique examination. Giardia trophozoites were found in 1.7% of the 56 gall bladders tested. This is …

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Some Microbiological And Chemical Properties Of Bologna-Type Sausage Samples From Different Brands, Güzi̇n Apaydin, Zi̇ya Gökalp Ceylan, Mükerrem Kaya Jan 2003

Some Microbiological And Chemical Properties Of Bologna-Type Sausage Samples From Different Brands, Güzi̇n Apaydin, Zi̇ya Gökalp Ceylan, Mükerrem Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the microbiological and chemical quality of bologna-type sausage samples from 4 different brands (A,B,C,D) sold in Erzurum markets was determined. Microbiological analysis showed that while the total aerobic mesophilic bacteria numbers were

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Effect Of Steam And Acid Treatment On The Feed Value Of Lentil Straw, Hati̇ce Kalkan, Ali̇ Karabulut Jan 2003

Effect Of Steam And Acid Treatment On The Feed Value Of Lentil Straw, Hati̇ce Kalkan, Ali̇ Karabulut

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research was carried out to determine the possibilities of improving the feed value of lentil straw with steam and acid treatment. Lentil straw (Lens culinaris M.) was used as feed material and three 3-year-old, Kıvırcık rams fitted with rumen cannula were used as the animal material. Lentil straw was impregnated with different concentrated H_2SO_4 solutions, and then autoclaved at different periods and temperatures. After these treatments, the nutrient contents and cell wall components of the lentil straw were determined, and rumen degradability characteristics were determined with the nylon bag technique and gas production technique. In conclusion, higher cell wall …

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Studies On The In Vitro Maturation Of Cat Oocytes, Mi̇that Evecen, Hatem Atalla, Sema Bi̇rler, Alper Baran, Kemal Ak Jan 2003

Studies On The In Vitro Maturation Of Cat Oocytes, Mi̇that Evecen, Hatem Atalla, Sema Bi̇rler, Alper Baran, Kemal Ak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of gonadotrophin and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) supplemented Synthetic Oviduct Fluid (SOF) and Ham's F-10 media on the in vitro maturation of cat oocytes. Oocytes collected from spayed stray queens served as the material of the study. The ovaries were brought to the laboratory within 2 h in PBS solution at 38 °C. Recovered oocytes were divided into two groups (Group 1: SOF + 0,4% BSA + 10 µg/ml FSH + 10 µg/ml LH, group 2: Ham's F-10 + 0,4% BSA + 10 µg/ml FSH + 10 µg/ml LH) …

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Hepatorenal Syndrome And Efficiency Of Aldosterone Receptor Blockade On Hepatorenal System And Systemic Hemodynamics In Dogs With Experimentally Induced Hepatic Cirrhosis, Remzi̇ Gönül, Utku Bakirel, Abdullah Kayar, Yücel Meral, Mehmet Erman Or, Gülbi̇n Şennazli, Aydin Gürel, Emi̇ne Akdeni̇zli̇ Jan 2003

Hepatorenal Syndrome And Efficiency Of Aldosterone Receptor Blockade On Hepatorenal System And Systemic Hemodynamics In Dogs With Experimentally Induced Hepatic Cirrhosis, Remzi̇ Gönül, Utku Bakirel, Abdullah Kayar, Yücel Meral, Mehmet Erman Or, Gülbi̇n Şennazli, Aydin Gürel, Emi̇ne Akdeni̇zli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the clinical signs of hepatorenal syndrome that occurs during hepatic cirrhosis were investigated and a variety of diagnosis and therapy methods were investigated in the experimentally ligated bile ducts of dogs. The test group with ligated bile ducts (n = 14) and the sham operated control group (n = 14) were divided into 2 sub groups and administered a derivative of spironalactone (Aldoctan® tablet), an antagonist of the aldosteron receptor, at 1.5 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks. Hepatorenal changes and the systemic effects of the drug were determined by comparing the control and test groups during the …

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The Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome And The Eastern Tent Caterpillar: A Toxicokinetic/Statistical Analysis With Clinical, Epidemiologic, And Mechanistic Implications, Manu Sebastian, Marie G. Gantz, Thomas Tobin, J. Daniel Harkins, Jeffrey M. Bosken, Charlie Hughes, Lenn R. Harrison, William V. Bernard, Dana L. Richter, Terrence D. Fitzgerald Jan 2003

The Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome And The Eastern Tent Caterpillar: A Toxicokinetic/Statistical Analysis With Clinical, Epidemiologic, And Mechanistic Implications, Manu Sebastian, Marie G. Gantz, Thomas Tobin, J. Daniel Harkins, Jeffrey M. Bosken, Charlie Hughes, Lenn R. Harrison, William V. Bernard, Dana L. Richter, Terrence D. Fitzgerald

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

During 2001, central Kentucky experienced acute transient epidemics of early and late fetal losses, pericarditis, and unilateral endophthalmitis, collectively referred to as mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS). A toxicokinetic/statistical analysis of experimental and field MRLS data was conducted using accelerated failure time (AFT) analysis of abortions following administration of Eastern tent caterpillars (ETCs; 100 or 50 g/day or 100 g of irradiated caterpillars/day) to late-term pregnant mares. In addition, 2001 late-term fetal loss field data were used in the analysis. Experimental data were fitted by AFT analysis at a high (P < .0001) significance. Times to first abortion (“lag time”) and abortion rates were dose dependent. Lag times decreased and abortion rates increased exponentially with dose. Calculated dose × response data curves allow interpretation of abortion data in terms of “intubated ETC equivalents.” Analysis suggested that field exposure to ETCs in 2001 in central Kentucky commenced on approximately April 27, was initially equivalent to approximately 5 g of intubated ETCs/day, and increased to approximately 30 g/day at the outbreak peak. This analysis accounts for many aspects of the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and manifestations of MRLS. It allows quantitative interpretation of experimental and field MRLS data and has implications for the basic mechanisms underlying MRLS. The results support suggestions that MRLS is caused by exposure to or ingestion of ETCs. The results also show that high levels of ETC exposure produce intense, focused outbreaks of MRLS, closely linked in time and place to dispersing ETCs, as occurred in central Kentucky in 2001. With less intense exposure, lag time is longer and abortions tend to spread out over time and may occur out of phase with ETC exposure, obscuring both diagnosis of this syndrome and the role of the caterpillars.

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