Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Developmental Expression Of Pdgf, Tgf-A, And Tgf-J Genes In Preimplantation Mouse Embryos, Daniel A. Rappolee, Carol A. Brenner, Richard Schultz, David Mark, Zena Werb

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research Publications

Control of growth and differentiation during mammalian embryogenesis may be regulated by growth factors from embryonic or maternal sources. With the use of single-cell messenger RNA phenotyping, the simultaneous expression of growth factor transcripts in single or small numbers of preimplantation mouse embryos was examined. Transcripts for platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGF-A), trans- forming growth factor (TGF)-a, and TGF- 1, but not for four other growth factors, were found in whole blastocysts. TGF-cx, TGF-(31, and PDGF antigens were detected in blastocysts by immunocytochemistry. Both PDGF-A and TGF-a were detected as maternal transcripts in the unferilized ovulated oocyte, and again …

Teaching Antitrust To Health Law Students: Peer Review As A Case Study, Frances H. Miller

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

From 'The Help Of Grave And Modest Women' To 'The Care Of Men Of Sense': The Transition From Female Midwifery To Male Obstetrics In Early Modern England, Karen L. Smith Adams

Dissertations and Theses

Until the sixteenth century, childbirth in England was the exclusive domain of women and was orchestrated by the female midwife. By the end of the seventeenth century, university-educated and church-approved male physicians were systematically beginning to usurp the midwife's role in the lying-in room and to gradually assume authority and power over the process of childbirth. Ultimately doctor-dominated childbirth threatened, and in some places accomplished, the displacement of the midwife. No one factor was responsible for the shift in delivery room personnel nor was the transition from female midwives to male obstetricians a "natural" one. This thesis looks at three …

Virginity And Celibacy As Health Issues, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Sexual behavior is both a health issue and a moral issue. Hence public education on sexuality has traditionally come from two main sources, those individuals or groups concerned with health and those concerned with morals. In his book No Magic Bullet (Oxford University Press, 1985), Allan Brandt describes the tensions that developed between these groups over the control of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States early in this century. Both groups wanted to control sexual behavior, but for different reasons. Public health personnel wanted to change sexual behavior in order to control infection and disease, while moralists believed that …

Have You Had Your Mammogram, Doctor?, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Breast cancer incidence continues to increase in the United States, with more than 130,000 new cases and 42,000 deaths expected this year. Today, one in every ten women in the United States will develop breast cancer at sometime during their lives. Breast cancer can be prevented by early prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, ie, removal of the breasts before any signs or symptoms develop. This practice was advocated by a male gynecologist colleague of mine. When I expressed horror at his suggestion that I have such a procedure at age 32, he challenged me to defend myself against advocating a practice that …

Pms Or Perifollicular Phase Euphoria?, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Why is it that so little is known about PMS? First of all, there is no agreement on what PMS is. If investigators are referring to different sets of symptoms, how can studies be comparable? In fact, they are not. Not only are the symptoms different, but the timing of symptoms is different, Some studies describe symptoms that occur 7 to 10 days before the onset of menses, while others include symptoms that begin 14 days before the onset of menses and continue for 7 days after onset. This definition suggests that women may have PMS-related symptoms during 21 days …

Anaemia In Pregnancy: Occurrence In Two Economically Different Clinic Populations Of Karachi, Saadiya Aziz Karim, Mohammad Khurshid, Javed H. Rizvi

Section of Haematology/Oncology

According to previous WHO standards, anaemia in pregnancy denoted a haemoglobin level of 11.0 gms/dl or less, but this is now considered to be variable¹ as it differs from country to country depending on local reference ranges and socio-economic conditions. Each country should “lay down minimal acceptable standards” below which an individual is considered to be anaemic, taking into account the available fmancial and manpower resources and other health needs of the country². There is a wide divergence in the quoted prevalence of anaemia in Pakistan and neigh­bouring countries.^3-6 This study was undertaken to determine a …

Correlates Of Birth Weight And Gestation Age : Baseline Data For Health Education, Adanetch Kidanemariam

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose. The study examined the correlation of maternal occupation, urinary tract infection, smoking, and working during pregnancy with infant birth weight and gestational age in order to generate baseline data for development of a health education intervention program protocol for pregnant women In the work place.

Primary Hypotheses. (1) The four maternal risk factors: (a) occupation during lifetime, (b) reported urinary tract infection, (c) cigarette smoking, (d) working, are individually and interactively correlated with infant birth weight and gestational age. (2) The effects of the interactive associations are greater on birth weight than gestational age.

Procedure. A sample of …

Factors That Influence Prepared Childbirth Couples' Use Of Epidural Anesthesia For Labor And Delivery, Terri S. Chambers

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence a Prepared Childbirth couple's decision to utilize epidural anesthesia for labor and delivery. Review of the literature indicated a high correlation between epidural use for uncomplicated labors and deliveries and a high incidence of maternal complications and low neonatal neurological and behavioral scores.

A sample of twenty-nine couples was used in this prospective, non-experimental field study for the research. Data were collected utilizing two developed demographic and factual event tools, Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Tool and Spanier's Dyadic Marital Adjustment Tool.

Three hypotheses were developed and data were …

Pregnancy Diagnosis Using Ultrasound, M A C Johns

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Few Western Australian ewe flocks are diagnosed for pregnancy despite the precence of high numbers of barren ewes. Surveys of farm flocks in the early 1970s recorded that between 14 and 29 per cent of ewes failed to lamb each year.

Techniques for diagnosing pregnant ewes have been available for many years, but ultrasonic devices and computer technology have made it possible for skilled operators to determine whether ewes are pregnant and more importantly, whether they have one, two or more foetuses.

Once the number of pregnant ewes is known farmers can use labour more efficiently. They can minimise the …

Body Weight Changes Throughout The Menstrual Cycle And Their Effect Upon The Components Of Body Composition, Lovina M. Query

Dissertations and Theses

Research has shown that women experience fluctuations in body weight (BW) due to water retention and/or other processes at various times in the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study is to measure women repeatedly throughout the course of one menstrual cycle and

(1) to confirm whether significant fluctuations in weight occur at various times and

(2) to determine whether there are significant differences in the components of body composition by hydrostatic weighing which are related to any changes in BW.

It was concluded that while significant fluctuations in BW occur at certain times in the menstrual cycle, the changes …

The Zinc Status Of Pregnant Vegetarian Women, Michelle J. Abu-Assal

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The zinc status of twelve lacto-ovo-vegetariah pregnant women and seventeen non-vegetarian pregnant women was evaluated. Zinc intakes were calculated from three-day dietary records and twenty-four hour dietary histories. Plasma zinc levels were drawn during the last trimester of pregnancy and approximately ten weeks postpartum. Gestational age at birth, birthweight, and APGAR scores of the infants born were obtained from the medical charts. Dietary zinc intakes for the vegetarians (10.5 ± 4.0 mg) did not differ significantly from the intakes of the non-vegetarians (10.9 ± 3.0 mg). The vegetarian last trimester plasma zinc levels (47.9 ± 12.4 mcg/dl) and postpartum plasma …

Parental Notification And Abortion: A Review And Recommendation To West Virginia's Legislature, David W. Frame West Virginia University College Of Law

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Obstetrics And Gynecology, Paul D. Bruns

UND Departmental Histories

This departmental history was written on the occasion of the UND Centennial in 1983.

Blood Reservoir Function Of The Fetal Guinea Pig Liver, Gregory A. Roda, Raymond D. Gilbert, Gordon G. Power

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

To determine of the fetal liver functions as a blood reservoir, we measured liver blood volume under normal conditions and after hemorrhage and volume loading. Nineteen pregnant guinea pig sows and 54 near-term fetuses were injected intravenously with ⁵¹Cr-labeled red cells while the fetuses remained in utero. Ninety seconds later a 0.5-1.0 g sample of liver was garroted with a sharp wire into a tared tube with minimal blood loss. A blood sample was taken to measure counts per ml of blood, the fetus killed and the remainder of the liver weighed. Blood volume of the liver and body …

Effects Of Various Hormones On Human Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Y. L. Gao, B. S. Leung, A. H. Potter, W.C.Y. Yu

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Cell proliferation of a mammary adenocarcinoma cell line, CAMA-1. is affected by a number of steroid hormones and prolactin in long-term cultures. Estrogenic compounds stimulate cell growth while antiestrogenic compounds inhibit it. Prolactin can synergize the estrogenic effect. Progesterone, glucocorticoid or androgen reduce cell proliferation. Dihydrotestosterone is a very potent inhibitor,- effective at as low as 10 nM, and its effect is independent of estrogen action. Cortisol is a less effective inhibitor at concentrations below 10 nM; at these levels cortisol exhibits a slight inhibition which appears to be unrelated to estrogenic action. However, at higher concentrations, cortisol markedly reduces …

Vaginal Colonization With Staphylococcus Aureus In Healthy Women: A Review Of Four Studies, Mary Guinan, Bruce B. Dan, Richard J. Guidotti, Arthur L. Reingold, George P. Schmid, Elena J. Bettoli, Joseph G. Lossick, Kathryn N. Shands, Mark A. Kramer, Nancy T. Hargrett, Roger L. Anderson, Claire V. Broome

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Four studies assessed the frequency of vaginal Staphylococcus aureus colonization in healthy women and associated risk factors. An association was found between S. aureus vaginal colonization and colonization at the labia minora and the anterior nares. Significant risk factors associated with an increased risk of vaginal S. aureus in at least one study were a history of genital herpes simplex infection, insertion of tampons without an applicator, and the use of Rely (Procter & Gamble) tampons. The use of systemic antibiotics within 2 weeks of the vaginal culture decreased the risk of recovery of S. aureus. The overall frequency …

The Evolution Of Prenatal Care In The United States : The Formative Years, Cristina M. Thomsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In the early decades of the twentieth century prenatal care became an accepted part of routine obstetrical care. This thesis is a description of the evolution of the prenatal care idea in the United States during these years. Two approaches are used in this description. An internal approach to prenatal care notes the maturation of procedure and technique. An external approach notes the inpatient and outpatient suggestions for providing prenatal care, the suggestions for educating the public to value and expect prenatal care and the medical profession to provide such care, and the varied promoters of such care, with their …

Social Commentary: Values And Legal Personhood, Jeffrey A. Parness

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Analgesia On The Newborn, Linda Roe

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Obstetric analgesia and anesthesia is an important concern today. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of analgesia used in labor and delivery on the mother and newborn. The information obtained in this study evaluated the amount, time and types of analgesia and the effects on the mother and the newborn.

Previous research has indicated adverse effects of analgesia and anesthesia on both mother and newborn, but conclusive results have not been obtained. Depressed respiratory function, increased use of oxygen, and low Apgar scores are among the effects reported for the newborn. Decreased uterine function, decreased satisfaction …

Isolation And Characterization Of A Vulvar Carcinoma In Tissue Culture: Studies Of The Tumor Biology And Tumor-Host Interaction, Melvin G. Dodson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Current Problems In Gynecology And Obstetrics And Their Effects On Patient Attutudes, Samira El-Mallah

Faculty Book Chapters

The seminar from which these papers flow was the product of many minds, multiple energies and much co-operation during the many months prior to its final implementation. The idea of a women's seminar oriented to the issues and concerns of contemporary Egyptian society was initially put forth in the fal I of 1974 to coincide with efforts that were developing on a national level in Egypt to commemorate 1975 as International Women's Year. It is with deepest gratitude that I extend special appreciation to Mrs. Marlene Michel Anawati, then a Post Master's Fellow in the Department of Sociology­Anthropology and Psychology. …

Women In Menopause: A Study Of Gynecologist's Perceptions, Zadell Cogan, Sharon Kennedy

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the needs of women experiencing menopause. Since women at this time experience physical, social and emotional changes, they may have a special need for services. Doctors were selected as the population for study because they treat so many women at this age and because they are powerful transmitters of our culture. This exploratory study was designed to provide descriptive information about the doctors' perceptions.

Results are reported from interviews with seventeen gynecologists from the Portland metropolitan area in Oregon. Attempts were made to interview all female gynecologists in the area. Male gynecologists …

Age At Menarche: Accuracy Of Recall After Thirty-Nine Years, Albert Damon, Carl J. Bajema

Peer Reviewed Publications

Among 143 women whose menarcheal age was documented during a longitudinal growth study, recall 39 years after the even gave the following results: menarche was recalled as 0.2 years after earlier than the actual date (p<0.05), the standard deviation of recalled age was 0.3 years larger (p<0.01), and the coefficient of correlation, r, between actual and recalled age was 0.60 +/- s.e. 0.05.

Prenatal Instruction Of Breast Feeding Mothers, Anita Berry

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This experimental study tested the effect of prenatal instruction on the success of a group of mothers who desired to breast feed their infants. It was hypothesized that mothers receiving information on how to nurse their infants, how to prevent complications and how to cope with common problems of breast feeding would have a higher success rate than those not so instructed.

Criteria for success was that the mothers would have an adequate supply of milk to meet the nutritional demands of their infant without supplementation, would have fewer and less severe complications, and would express a higher degree of …

Ua68/10/1 Sociological Symposium No. 8 – Childbirth & Infancy Life Cycle Series, Wku Sociology

WKU Administration Documents

Table of Contents:

• Hernandez, Pedro F. Catholic Church & Birth Control in Latin America
• Kovit, Leonard. Labor is Hard Work: Notes on the Social Organization of Childbirth
• McNurlen, Lewis J. Childbirth: A Family Affair
• Miller, Rita Seiden & Ron Miller. Social Values Supporting Pregnancy: Dilemma for Population Control
• Newman, John F. & William L. Graves. Neo-Natal Mortality & Socio-Economic Status
• Newman, Lucille F. The Anthropology of Birth
• Rutzen, S. Robert. Urban Life & Breast Feeding: A Sociological Analysis
• Schulz, Barbara & Richard Schulz. Family Size Preferences & Sex Composition
• Steinhoff, Patricia G., Roy G. Smith & Milton Diamond. Characteristics & …

Malpractice--Sterilization Operation, James Alan Harris

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Abortion And The Crime-Sin Spectrum, Willard D. Lorensen

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Postpartum Uterine Massage, Beverly Eugenia Blake

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference in the amount of postpartum bleeding between two methods of uterine massage and no uterine massage. The experimental method with parallel groups technique and a single variable was used. The criterion used in determining the amount of bleeding was the volume of red cells lost.

The study was conducted at St. Bernardine's Hospital using three experimental groups selected from one hundred and nineteen deliveries between January 25 and March 2, 1963. Group A was composed of sixteen patients whose uterus' were externally held for one hour …

The Effect Of The Shave On Infection In Maternity Patients, Doris Christine Bethea

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to find out if the shave routinely received by maternity patients could be limited to the perineal area without increasing the incidence of infection among these patients. The experimental method, with the parallel group technique and a single variable, was used.

The study was conducted at two hospitals; the White Memorial Hospital in Los Angeles, California, called Hospital A; and the Washington Sanitarium and Hospital in Takoma Park, Maryland, referred to as Hospital B. Data were collected on ninety clinic patients at Hospital A and on two-hundred and one private patients at Hospital B. …