Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Risk And Protective Factors Associated With Teenage Pregnancy And Intergenerational Interventions: A Scoping Review Protocol, Zamasomi Luvuno, Wilbroda Hlolosile Chiya, Silingene Joyce Ngcobo, Deshini Naidoo, Serwaa Omowale, Tracy Zhandire, Elizabeth Musili Joseph-Shehu, Busisiwe Purity Ncama, Sinegugu E Duma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy remains a critical global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The intergenerational transmission of teenage pregnancy underscores the need for targeted interventions. Existing research on intergenerational approaches is fragmented, with varying methodologies and outcomes. This scoping review seeks to address this gap by answering the following research questions: What are the available intergenerational interventions for teenage pregnancy, and what are the associated risks and protective factors for early and late teenage pregnancy?

Methods and analysis: This study does not involve primary data collection and therefore does not require ethical approval. The review will be conducted …

A Review Of Mirvetuximab Soravtansine-Gynx In Folate Receptor Alpha-Expressing Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer, Judith A Smith, Patrick Medina, Mary Miao, Kathleen N Moore

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To evaluate the pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and dosing and administration considerations (including adjusted ideal body weight [AIBW] dosing) for mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx, a first-in-class folate receptor alpha (FRα)-directed antibody-drug conjugate for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC).

Summary: A literature search was conducted in PubMed using the terms "ovarian cancer" and "mirvetuximab soravtansine" of articles published from inception to April 16, 2024. Relevant publications, abstracts, and clinical trials were reviewed. Mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx is dosed at 6 mg/kg AIBW every 3 weeks and comprises an FRα-binding antibody, a hydrophilic disulfide linker, and a maytansinoid DM4 payload. Mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx binds to FRα, which induces …

Covid-19 Infection History As A Risk Factor For Early Pregnancy Loss: Results From The Electronic Health Record-Based Southeast Texas Covid And Pregnancy Cohort Study, Micaela N Sandoval, Michelle R Klawans, Mackinsey A Bach, Jennifer Mikhail, Edward A Graviss, Tru Cao, Jacqueline G Parchem, Junaid Husain, Eric Boerwinkle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection before or during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes are still largely unknown. We hypothesized that COVID-19 in early pregnancy is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly miscarriage.

Methods: We examined the relationship between COVID-19 and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and preterm delivery in a large, retrospective, electronic health record (EHR)-based cohort, from 2019 to 2023. Generalized estimating equation modeling was performed to identify risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Study exposures included COVID-19 before pregnancy, COVID-19 during pregnancy, age, race/ethnicity, comorbidity burden, and neighborhood-level social vulnerability.

Results: In the …

A Pioneering Artificial Intelligence Tool To Predict Treatment Outcomes In Ovarian Cancer Via Diagnostic Laparoscopy, Xiaotian Ma, Yu-Chun Hsu, Amma Asare, Kai Zhang, Deanna Glassman, Katelyn F Handley, Katherine Foster, Khwahish Sharma, Shannon Westin, Amir Jazaeri, Nicole D Fleming, Pratip K Bhattacharya, Xiaoqian Jiang, Anil K Sood, Shayan Shams

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Ovarian cancer is associated with high rates of patient mortality and morbidity. Laparoscopic assessment of tumor localization can be used for treatment planning in newly diagnosed high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). While spread to multiple intra-abdominal areas is correlated with worse outcomes, whether other morphological tumor differences are also associated with patient outcomes is unknown. Given the large volume of visual information in laparoscopic videos, we investigated whether deep-learning models can capture implicit features and predict treatment outcomes. We developed a novel deep-learning framework using pre-treatment laparoscopic images to assess clinical outcomes following upfront standard treatment, defined as short progression-free …

Cell-Free Dna Results Indicating Mosaic Monosomy X Of Likely Maternal Origin: Impact On Genetic Counseling Practices And Patient Experiences, Audrey Mcbride, Ashley Cannon, Siddharth Prakash, Aaron W Roberts, Angela Seasely, Anna C E Hurst, Laura Hendon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To investigate the current genetic counseling practices involving a cfDNA result indicating mosaic monosomy X of likely maternal origin, and to better understand the perspectives of patients who have received this result.

Method: A total of 60 prenatal genetic counselors completed surveys about their experiences with this result, cfDNA consenting practices, and management practices. In addition, qualitative interviews were conducted with 5 patients to gain insight into their experiences with result disclosure and follow-up care.

Results: 95% of genetic counselors reported feeling prepared to counsel on these results. However, responses to current practices varied. Of the genetic counselors surveyed, …

Bevacizumab Beyond Progression: Impact Of Subsequent Bevacizumab Re-Treatment In Patients With Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, And Peritoneal Cancer After Progression, Amma Asare, Rebecca Ann Previs, Daniel Spinosa, Bryan Fellman, Amelia L Scott, Isabelle Mulder, May Mahmoud, Ahmed Enbaya, Jean Hansen Siedel, Lauren Cobb, Pamela T Soliman, Anil K Sood, Robert L Coleman, Angeles Alvarez Secord, Shannon N Westin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This study evaluated whether patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal carcinoma (OC) who are immediately re-treated with bevacizumab derive benefit after disease progression on a bevacizumab-containing regimen.

Methods: This multi-institutional, retrospective study compared patients with high grade non-mucinous epithelial OC who received bevacizumab followed directly by another bevacizumab-containing treatment regimen to patients who received bevacizumab followed by a regimen that did not contain bevacizumab (or received no further treatment). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan Meier product-limit estimator and modeled via Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results: Among 226 patients with OC …

Vasa Previa: Prenatal Diagnosis And The Rationale Behind Using A 5 Cm Distance From Internal Os, Claudio V Schenone, Faezeh Aghajani, Ali Javinani, Eyal Krispin, Yinka Oyelese, Ramesha Papanna, Ramen H Chmait, Alireza A Shamshirsaz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In pregnancies with vasa previa, prenatal diagnosis and pre-labor cesarean delivery are associated with significantly improved perinatal outcomes compared to undetected cases. However, a universally accepted ultrasonographic definition of vasa previa is lacking. Specifically, the distance from the cervical internal os beyond which vaginal delivery can be safely recommended remains to be determined. Field experts and recently published societal guidelines agree that a 2 cm cut-off is suboptimal, given that complete cervical dilation during labor risks unprotected fetal vessels within a 5 cm radius from the internal os. Thus, in the setting of a scarcity of evidence and case reports …

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Inhibits Transient Expression Of Autophagy And Synaptic Proteins In Developing Brain, Monica Hampe, Nune Darbinian, Nana Merabova, Armine Darbinyan, Jamal Hamze, Uday Bharai, Yuri Persidsky, Mary F Morrison, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Neuronal apoptosis and consequent inhibition of autophagy, with loss of synaptic connections are central events in the genesis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). However, studies of molecular mechanisms of autophagy in human fetal brain are limited. Recently, prenatal exposure to EtOH was associated with reduced miRNA-9 levels in fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB- Es) isolated from maternal plasma, which correlated with small eyes, an anatomical hallmark of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Since miR-9 targets several genes that regulate synaptic plasticity, EtOH-induced inhibition of miR-9 could potentially result in dysregulation of genes involved in synaptogenesis/plasticity.

Methods: Rats were fed a …

In Utero Alcohol And Tobacco Exposure, Maternal Depression, And Maternal Obesity Are Associated With Impaired Oligodendrocyte Differentiation In The Developing Brain, Uday Bharai, Jamal Hamze, Benjamin Zhang, Monica Hampe, Emily Sparks, Nana Merabova, Gabriel Tatevosian, Armine Darbinyan, Mary F Morrison, Laura Goetzl, Nune Darbinian, Michael Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the leading preventable cause of pediatric cognitive disability and is associated with dysmyelination. We examined possible clinical co-determinants that might interact with EtOH in impairing oligodendrocyte (OL) development. Women who drink, including pregnant women, also disproportionately suffer from depression (mDepression), which we have shown is a risk factor for FASD. Might depression during pregnancy contribute to OL pathology? Maternal obesity (mObesity) also inhibits white matter development in fetal brain. Finally, tobacco exposure inhibits not only OL development, but also the production of structural proteins, such as actin. Our human biobank derived from voluntarily …

Protocol For Culturing Patient-Derived Organoids Of Cervical Cancer, Rui Wang, Timothy Harris, Dalissa Negrón-Figueroa, David Lo, Allison Judge, D'Shaunique Walters, Bo Jiang, Lauren E Colbert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Herein, we present a protocol for culturing patient-derived organoids (PDOs) of cervical cancer that includes workflows for tumor biopsy/resection tissue and cytobrush-sampled cells. We describe steps for PDO culture initiation, including rinsing, gentle dissociation, Lymphoprep separation, and cell assessment, as well as seeding cells from surgical and cytobrush tissue digestion. We then provide guidance on PDO maintenance and passage and techniques for producing conditioned medium. Overall, this protocol serves as a valuable guide for establishing and maintaining cervical cancer PDOs. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Colbert et al.

Prenatal Opioid And Alcohol Exposures: Association With Altered Placental Serotonin Transporter Structure And/Or Expression, Nune Darbinian, Nana Merabova, Gabriel Tatevosian, Sandra Adele, Armine Darbinyan, Mary F Morrison, C Lindsay Devane, Sammanda Ramamoorthy, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Fetal exposures to many drugs of abuse, e.g., opioids and alcohol (EtOH), are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental problems in early childhood, including abnormalities in activity of the serotonin (5HT) transporter (SERT), which transports 5HT across the placenta. Little is known about the effects of these drugs on SERT expression. Pregnant women who used EtOH or opioids were compared to gestational age-matched controls using a structured questionnaire to determine prenatal substance exposure. Following elective pregnancy termination, placental membranous vesicles and exosomes were prepared from first and second trimester human placentas. Changes in EtOH- or opioid-exposed placental SERT expression and modifications were …

Financial Toxicity In Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Regional Nodal Irradiation: Variation By Cancer Subtype, Grace L Smith, Benjamin D Smith, Chi-Fang Wu, Simona F Shaitelman, Mariana Chavez-Macgregor, Rashmi Murthy, Kelsey Kaiser, Kimberly S Ku, Julia J Shi, Sanjay S Shete, Ying-Shiuan Chen, Robert J Volk, Sharon H Giordano, Ya-Chen T Shih, Karen E Hoffman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We evaluated sociodemographic and clinical predictors of financial toxicity (FT) among patients with breast cancer with higher risk clinical factors warranting regional nodal irradiation (RNI).

METHODS: Among 183 participants in a clinical trial of conventional vs. hypofractionated treatment with RNI, 125 (68 %) completed a pilot survey of FT measured using the validated Economic Strain and Resilience in Cancer (ENRICh) instrument, scored from 0 (minimal) to 10 (severe) FT. Associations with predictors were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients and Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests. Predictors of severe FT (ENRICh≥5) were tested using multivariable logistic regression with odds …

Survival Outcomes After Omission Of Surgery For Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Elizabeth C Poli, Wenli Dong, Simona F Shaitelman, Nina Tamirisa, Yu Shen, Isabelle Bedrosian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clinical trials of active surveillance (AS) for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) are underway. We sought to understand the historical management of biologically favorable DCIS and to determine the outcomes of patients who did not have immediate surgery. Using data from the NCDB from 2004 to 2017, the selected cohort included women >40 years of age, with low or intermediate grade and hormone receptor (HR) positive DCIS. AS was defined as either no surgery or surgery >12 months from diagnosis. Women in the AS group were compared to women who had immediate surgery. A Cochran-Armitage test was used to assess …

Use Of Web-Based Surveys To Collect Long-Term Pediatric Outcomes In Patients With Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Treated With Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation: Observational Study, Eric Bergh, Kimberly Rennie, Jimmy Espinoza, Anthony Johnson, Ramesha Papanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: In the United States, patients with monochorionic diamniotic twins who undergo in utero fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) may travel great distances for care. After delivery, many parents cannot return to study sites for formal pediatric evaluation due to geographic location and cost.

Objective: The aim of this study was to collect long-term pediatric outcomes in patients who underwent FLP for TTTS.

Methods: We assessed the feasibility of using a web-based survey designed in REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture; Vanderbilt University) to collect parent-reported outcomes in children treated for TTTS at a single center during …

Crizotinib Enhances Parp Inhibitor Efficacy In Ovarian Cancer Cells And Xenograft Models By Inducing Autophagy, Janice M Santiago-O'Farrill, Alicia Blessing Bollu, Hailing Yang, Vivian Orellana, Marc Pina, Xudong Zhang, Jinsong Liu, Robert C Bast, Zhen Lu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) can encounter resistance through various mechanisms, limiting their effectiveness. Our recent research showed that PARPi alone can induce drug resistance by promoting autophagy. Moreover, our studies have revealed that anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) plays a role in regulating the survival of ovarian cancer cells undergoing autophagy. Here, we explored whether the ALK-inhibitor crizotinib could enhance the efficacy of PARPi by targeting drug-induced autophagic ovarian cancer cell and xenograft models. Our investigation demonstrates that crizotinib enhances the anti-tumor activity of PARPi across multiple ovarian cancer cells. Combination therapy with crizotinib and olaparib reduced cell viability and …

Neoadjuvant Talazoparib In Patients With Germline Brca1/2 Mutation-Positive, Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Exploration Of Tumor Brca Mutational Status, Melinda L Telli, Jennifer K Litton, J Thaddeus Beck, Jason M Jones, Jay Andersen, Lida A Mina, Raymond Brig, Michael Danso, Yuan Yuan, William F Symmans, Julia F Hopkins, Lee A Albacker, Antonello Abbattista, Kay Noonan, Marielena Mata, A Douglas Laird, Joanne L Blum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Talazoparib monotherapy in patients with germline BRCA-mutated, early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed activity in the neoadjuvant setting in the phase II NEOTALA study (NCT03499353). These biomarker analyses further assessed the mutational landscape of the patients enrolled in the NEOTALA study.

METHODS: Baseline tumor tissue from the NEOTALA study was tested retrospectively using FoundationOne

RESULTS: All patients enrolled (N = 61) had TNBC. In the biomarker analysis population, 75.0% (39/52) and 25.0% (13/52) of patients exhibited BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, respectively. Strong concordance (97.8%) was observed between tumor BRCA and germline BRCA mutations, and 90.5% (38/42) of patients with …

Hydrops And Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Reported Incidence And Postnatal Outcomes Analysis Of The Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group Registry, Carmen Mesas Burgos, Ashley H Ebanks, Anna Löf-Granström, Kylie I Holden, Anthony Johnson, Peter Conner, Matthew T Harting, Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) associated with hydrops is rare. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of this combination of anomalies and the postnatal outcomes from a large database for CDH.

Study design: Data from the multicenter, multinational database on infants with prenatally diagnosed CDH (CDHSG Registry) born from 2015 to 2021 were analyzed.

Results: A total of 3985 patients were entered in the registry during the study period, 3156 were prenatally diagnosed and 88 were reported to have associated fluid in at least 1 compartment, representing 2.8% of all prenatally diagnosed CDH cases in the …

A Metabolite-Based Liquid Biopsy For Detection Of Ovarian Cancer, Johannes F Fahrmann, Seyyed Mahmood Ghasemi, Chae Y Han, Ranran Wu, Jennifer B Dennison, Jody Vykoukal, Joseph Celestino, Karen Lu, Zhen Lu, Charles Drescher, Kim-Anh Do, Samir Hanash, Robert C Bast, Ehsan Irajizad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Serial CA125 and second line transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) screening in the UKCTOCS indicated a shift towards detection of earlier stage ovarian cancer (OvCa), but did not yield a significant mortality reduction. There remains a need to establish additional biomarkers that can complement CA125 for even earlier and at a larger proportion of new cases. Using a cohort of plasma samples from 219 OvCa cases (59 stage I/II and 160 stage III/IV) and 409 female controls and a novel Sensitivity Maximization At A Given Specificity (SMAGS) method, we developed a blood-based metabolite-based test consisting of 7 metabolites together with CA125 for …

#Hashtagthis – Everything You Need To Know About Launching Your Gynecologic Oncology Social Media Research Career: A Report From Gynecologic Oncology Reports And Society Of Gynecologic Oncology Education Committee, Megan L Hutchcraft, Eric Rios-Doria, Tiffany Y Sia, Eleonora Teplinsky, Shannon N Westin, Gregg Nelson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

On February 6th, 2024, Gynecologic Oncology Reports and the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Education Committee co-hosted a webinar about ways to use social media for career enhancement and for dissemination of research. During the discussion, we reviewed:i.how to identify one's goals, target audience, and select a social media platform.ii.how to navigate the negatives of social media.iii.how to develop one's online academic brand.iv.how to use social media for academic promotion and career advancement.v.how to use social media as a research tool.vi.how to use visual tools to bring attention to one's research.The objective of this report is to review the literature on …

Effect Of Esketamine On Hypotension In Women With Preoperative Anxiety Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial, Yu Qi, Meiyan Zhou, Yaqi Dong, Wenting Zheng, Qinyu Jiang, Yanyu Li, Xinghe Wang, Jia Sun, Hai Zhou, Zhengquan Hu, Liwei Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To investigate the effect of low-doses esketamine on spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in women with preoperative anxiety undergoing elective cesarean section, the randomized controlled trial enrolled 120 women aged 18-35 years who preoperative State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State scores > 40, conducted from September 2022 to August 2023 in Xuzhou Central Hospital, China. Women in the esketamine group received a single intravenous injection of 0.2 mg/kg esketamine after sensory block level achieved. The incidence of hypotension in the esketamine group was significantly lower than the control group at T2 (10% [6 of 60]; P < 0.001), T3 (5.0% [3 of 60]; P = 0.007) and T4(5.0% [3 of 60]; P = 0.004). Despite being higher in the esketamine group, the overall rates of hypertension (11.7% [7 of 60]; P = 0.186), tachycardia (23.3% [14 of 60]; P = 0.246), and bradycardia (0.0% [0 of 60]; P = 0.079) were no significantly difference between the two groups. STAI-S scores was significantly lower in the esketamine group (mean [SD] 37.52[7.14]) than in the control group (mean [SD] 41.03[9.66], P = 0.39) in postoperative day 1. Spinal anesthesia combined with intravenous low-doses esketamine infusion can significantly reduce the incidence of hypotension in women with preoperative anxiety undergoing elective cesarean section.

Multicountry Spread Of Influenza A(H1n1)Pdm09 Viruses With Reduced Oseltamivir Inhibition, May 2023-February 2024, Mira C Patel, Ha T Nguyen, Philippe Noriel Q Pascua, Rongyuan Gao, John Steel, Rebecca J Kondor, Larisa V Gubareva

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Since May 2023, a novel combination of neuraminidase mutations, I223V + S247N, has been detected in influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses collected in countries spanning 5 continents, mostly in Europe (67/101). The viruses belong to 2 phylogenetically distinct groups and display ≈13-fold reduced inhibition by oseltamivir while retaining normal susceptibility to other antiviral drugs.

Delivery Of Hereditary Cancer Genetics Services To Patients Newly Diagnosed With Ovarian And Endometrial Cancers At Three Gynecologic Oncology Clinics In The Usa, Brazil, And Mexico, Erica M Bednar, Keiry A Paiz, Karen H Lu, Aline Patricia Soares Dias De Souza, Gabriela Oliveira, Carlos E Eduardo Mattos Da Cunha Andrade, Lenny Gallardo, Jairo Rubio-Cordero, David Cantu-De-León, Jose Alejandro Rauh-Hain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Three gynecologic oncology clinics located in the USA, Brazil, and Mexico collaborated to evaluate their delivery of hereditary cancer genetics services. This descriptive retrospective review study aimed to establish baseline rates and timeliness of guideline-recommended genetics service delivery to patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, primary peritoneal (ovarian), and endometrial cancers at each clinic.

Methods: Patients who were newly diagnosed with ovarian and endometrial cancers between September 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020 were identified from the medical records of the clinics. Genetics service delivery metrics included the rates of mismatch repair deficiency tumor testing for patients with endometrial cancer …

Mycoplasmoides Genitalium Nucleic Acid Semi-Quantitation And Molecular Macrolide Resistance Detection Via Automated Assays: Gender And Specimen Source Considerations, Erik Munson, Josephine Moore, Trinity Krueger, Amanda Zapp, Stephen C Lavey, Kimber L Munson, Irene A Stafford, Brian Mustanski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A laboratory-developed test (LDT) using analyte-specific reagents has been optimized on a commercial platform to detect macrolide resistance-associated mutations (MRM) in 23S rRNA from Mycoplasmoides genitalium from primary clinical specimens. In this study, MRM-LDT was applied to a multi-specimen source study set. One thousand four hundred ninety-five primary specimens testing positive for M. genitalium by commercial transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) were initially titered by the TMA assay using serial 10-fold dilutions to semi-quantitate target nucleic acid burden. Primary specimens were then processed for MRM detection using the MRM-LDT. Findings were stratified by gender and specimen source. The mean log10 target nucleic …

Investigating The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome Conditions And Perinatal Mental Illness: A National Administrative Claims Study, Karishma Chhabria, Sudhakar Selvaraj, Jerrie Refuerzo, Chau Truong, Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although the association between mental disorder and metabolic syndrome as a bidirectional relationship has been demonstrated, there is little knowledge of the cumulative and individual effect of these conditions on peripartum mental health. This study aims to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome conditions (MetS-C) and maternal mental illness in the perinatal period, while exploring time to incident mental disorder diagnosis in postpartum women.

METHODS: This observational study identified perinatal women continuously enrolled 1 year prior to and 1 year post-delivery using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM) from 2014 to 2019 with MetS-C i.e. obesity, diabetes, high …

Teen Pregnancy Involvement Among African, Caribbean And Black Adolescent Boys And Girls: A Scoping Review Protocol, Emmanuela Ojukwu, Eunice Bawafaa, Emily Mckay, Harsimran Grewal, Sara Afsah, Shivangi Singh, Elizabeth Saewyc

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the incidence, associated factors and interventions to address teen pregnancy involvement (TPI) among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) adolescents in North America.

DESIGN: We conducted a scoping review of the literature, guided by the social-ecological model.

DATA SOURCES: Studies were retrieved from databases such as Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, CAB Direct and Google Scholar and imported into COVIDENCE for screening.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The Joanna Briggs Institute scoping reviews protocol guided the establishment of eligibility criteria. Included studies focused on rates, associated factors and interventions related to TPI among ACB boys and girls aged …

Well-Child Visits For Early Detection And Management Of Maternal Postpartum Hypertensive Disorders, Farah H Amro, Kim C Smith, Syed S Hashmi, Michelle S Barratt, Rachel Carlson, Kristen Mariah Sankey, Michal Fishel Bartal, Sean C Blackwell, Suneet P Chauhan, Baha M Sibai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Innovative approaches are needed to address the increasing rate of postpartum morbidity and mortality associated with hypertensive disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether assessing maternal blood pressure (BP) and associated symptoms at time of well-child visits is associated with increased detection of postpartum preeclampsia and need for hospitalization for medical management.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is a pre-post quality improvement (QI) study. Individuals who attended the well-child visits between preimplementation (December 2017 to December 2018) were compared with individuals who enrolled after the implementation of the QI program (March 2019 to December 2019). Individuals were enrolled at an academic …

Irx4204 Induces Senescence And Cell Death In Her2-Positive Breast Cancer And Synergizes With Anti-Her2 Therapy, Cassandra L Moyer, Amanda Lanier, Jing Qian, Darian Coleman, Jamal Hill, Vidyasagar Vuligonda, Martin E Sanders, Abhijit Mazumdar, Powel H Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Rexinoids, agonists of nuclear retinoid X receptor (RXR), have been used for the treatment of cancers and are well tolerated in both animals and humans. However, the usefulness of rexinoids in treatment of breast cancer remains unknown. This study examines the efficacy of IRX4204, a highly specific rexinoid, in breast cancer cell lines and preclinical models to identify a biomarker for response and potential mechanism of action.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: IRX4204 effects on breast cancer cell growth and viability were determined using cell lines, syngeneic mouse models, and primary patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors. In vitro assays of cell cycle, apoptosis, …

Contemporary Analysis Of Reexcision And Conversion To Mastectomy Rates And Associated Healthcare Costs For Women Undergoing Breast-Conserving Surgery, Youngran Kim, Cecilia Ganduglia-Cazaban, Nina Tamirisa, Anthony Lucci, Trudy Millard Krause

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: This study was designed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of population-level reoperation rates and incremental healthcare costs associated with reoperation for patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study using Merative™ MarketScan® commercial insurance data and Medicare 5% fee-for-service claims data. The study included females aged 18-64 years in the commercial cohort and females aged 18 years and older in the Medicare cohort, who underwent initial BCS for breast cancer in 2017-2019. Reoperation rates within a year of the initial BCS and overall 1-year healthcare costs stratified by reoperation status were measured. …

Salpingectomy For Ovarian Cancer Prevention: Video Education For The Surgeon, Emily Macarthur, Kara Long Roche, Joseph Sakran, Sunil H Patel, Peter Najjar, Karen H Lu, Megan Gornet, Anja S Frost, Meghan Walrath, Tom Bauer, Gyyong Oh, Rebecca Stone

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Given the unremitting obstacles to effectively screen for and treat ovarian cancer (OC), prevention is a necessary countermeasure. The recent discovery of the fallopian tube as the origin of the most common and deadly type of OC, high grade serous cancer (HGSC), makes prevention through salpingectomy possible (Madsen et al., 2015). Opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) is the practice of removing the post-reproductive fallopian tubes at the time of other intraperitoneal surgery, or for sterilization in lieu of tubal ligation, to decrease OC risk (Falconer et al., 2015). The safety, effectiveness, and reach of OS as a primary prevention strategy depends on …

Fetal Brain-Derived Exosomal Mirnas From Maternal Blood: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers For Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (Fasds), Nune Darbinian, Monica Hampe, Diana Martirosyan, Ahsun Bajwa, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Gabriel Tatevosian, Laura Goetzl, Shohreh Amini, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are leading causes of neurodevelopmental disability but cannot be diagnosed early in utero. Because several microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in other neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, the effects of EtOH exposure on the expression of these miRNAs and their target genes and pathways were assessed. In women who drank alcohol (EtOH) during pregnancy and non-drinking controls, matched individually for fetal sex and gestational age, the levels of miRNAs in fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-Es) isolated from the mothers’ serum correlated well with the contents of the corresponding fetal brain tissues obtained after voluntary pregnancy termination. In six …