Cardiology Commons^™

Left Ventricular Assist Device Support And Longitudinal Sleeve Gastrectomy Combined With Diet In Bridge To Heart Transplant, Mandy Ng, Beverly Rodgers, Saadiya Rehman, Sriram S Nathan, Kulvinder S Bajwa, Shinil K Shah, Bindu H Akkanti, Marwan F Jumean, Sachin Kumar, Jennifer L Dressel, Rajko Radovancevic, Melissa M Felinski, Biswajit Kar, Igor D Gregoric

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Combining left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and longitudinal sleeve gastrectomy may enable patients with morbid obesity to lose enough weight for heart transplant eligibility. In a retrospective study, we evaluated long-term outcomes of patients with body mass indexes ≥35 who underwent LVAD implantation and longitudinal sleeve gastrectomy during the same hospitalization (from January 2013 through July 2018) and then adhered to a dietary protocol. We included 22 patients (mean age, 49.9 ± 12.5 yr; mean preoperative body mass index, 43.3 ± 6.2). Eighteen months after gastrectomy, all 22 patients were alive, and 16 (73%) achieved a body mass index …

The Wnt/Β-Catenin Pathway Regulates Expression Of The Genes Involved In Cell Cycle Progression And Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation In The Postmitotic Cardiac Myocytes, Melis Olcum, Sirisha M Cheedipudi, Leila Rouhi, Siyang Fan, Hyun-Hwan Jeong, Zhongming Zhao, Priyatansh Gurha, Ali J Marian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Aging is associated with cardiac myocyte loss, sarcopenia, and cardiac dysfunction. Adult cardiac myocytes are postmitotic cells with an insufficient proliferative capacity to compensate for myocyte loss. The canonical WNT (cWNT) pathway is involved in the regulation of cell cycle reentry in various cell types. The effects of the cWNT pathway on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle reentry in the postmitotic cardiac myocytes are unknown.

AIM: The aim of the study was to identify genes whose expression is regulated by the β-catenin, the indispensable component to the cWNT signaling, in the postmitotic myocytes.

METHODS AND RESULTS: …

Magi1 Inhibits Interferon Signaling To Promote Influenza A Infection, Yin Wang, Jun-Ichi Abe, Khanh M Chau, Yongxing Wang, Hang Thi Vu, Loka Reddy Velatooru, Fahad Gulraiz, Masaki Imanishi, Venkata S K Samanthapudi, Minh T H Nguyen, Kyung Ae Ko, Ling-Ling Lee, Tamlyn N Thomas, Elizabeth A Olmsted-Davis, Sivareddy Kotla, Keigi Fujiwara, John P Cooke, Di Zhao, Scott E Evans, Nhat-Tu Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We have shown that membrane-associated guanylate kinase with inverted domain structure-1 (MAGI1), a scaffold protein with six PSD95/DiscLarge/ZO-1 (PDZ) domains, is involved in the regulation of endothelial cell (EC) activation and atherogenesis in mice. In addition to causing acute respiratory disease, influenza A virus (IAV) infection plays an important role in atherogenesis and triggers acute coronary syndromes and fatal myocardial infarction. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the function and regulation of MAGI1 in IAV-induced EC activation. Whereas, EC infection by IAV increases MAGI1 expression, MAGI1 depletion suppresses IAV infection, suggesting that the induction of MAGI1 may …

Complexities And Complications Of Extreme Obesity, Haval Ali, Udit Naik, Michelle Mcdonald, Mohammad Almosa, Karen Horn, Alexis Staines, Louis Maximilian Buja

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Obesity is a common chronic disorder and has detrimental long-term consequences if left untreated. Herein, we report a case of a young lady who suffered from morbid obesity and many of its consequences, and we present a literature review of these complications. While the cause of obesity is multifactorial, the genetic component is particularly important in the pathophysiology of marked obesity. Resistance to Leptin is considered one of the main causes of obesity. There is a unique relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity, as observed in our case. Obesity is associated with cardiovascular and lung diseases such as heart …

Left Ventricular Dysfunction In Outpatients With Frequent Ventricular Premature Complexes, Kyoung-Min Park, Sung Il Im, Sung Ho Lee, Hye Bin Gwag, Youngjun Park, Seung-Jung Park, June Soo Kim, Young Keun On

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Frequent ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) and VPC QRS duration are risk factors for left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. To determine which clinical characteristics and electrocardiographic features are associated with LV dysfunction (ejection fraction,

We identified 412 consecutive outpatients (mean age, 54.7 ± 16.8 yr; 227 women [55.1%]) who were diagnosed with frequent VPCs and had no structural heart disease from January 2010 through December 2017. Available transthoracic echocardiograms and 24-hour Holter monitoring data were evaluated to correlate the occurrence of VPCs and symptoms.

Typical VPC-related symptoms (palpitations or dropped beats) were observed in 251 patients (61.1%). Electrocardiograms revealed VPCs with a …

Associations Between Vascular Diseases And Alzheimer's Disease Or Related Dementias In A Large Cohort Of Men And Women With Colorectal Cancer, Wenyaw Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Long term risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) associated with vascular diseases in people with colorectal cancer is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the risk of ADRD in association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, hypertension, and diabetes in a cohort of patients with colorectal cancer.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study consisted of 210,809 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age≥65 years in 1991-2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database with follow-up from 1991-2016, who were free of any ADRD at the baseline (< 30 days after the date of cancer diagnosis).

RESULTS: The crude 26-year cumulative incidence of total ADRD in …

An Assessment Of The Diagnostic Value In Syncope Workup: A Retrospective Study, Ashan T. Hatharasinghe, Kayvon Etebar, Ryan Wolsky, Hossein Akhondi, Napatkamon Ayutyanont

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Patients with syncope often undergo costly testing, despite current guidelines and data supporting the contrary.

Objective

To determine the diagnostic value through positivity rate of electrocardiogram (EKG), computed tomography (CT) of the brain, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, transthoracic echocardiogram, nuclear and pharmacologic cardiac stress test, tilt table test and carotid ultrasound in patients diagnosed with syncope.

Methods

This is a retrospective study of 10,036 adults presenting to the emergency department or hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of syncope at 8 acute care facilities in the southwest United States from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. …

Single-Cell Analysis Of Aneurysmal Aortic Tissue In Patients With Marfan Syndrome Reveals Dysfunctional Tgf-Β Signaling, Ashley Dawson, Yanming Li, Yang Li, Pingping Ren, Hernan G. Vasquez, Chen Zhang, Kimberly R. Rebello, Waleed Ageedi, Alon R. Azares, Aladdein Burchett Mattar, Mary Burchett Sheppard, Hong S. Lu, Joseph S. Coselli, Lisa A. Cassis, Alan Daugherty, Ying H. Shen, Scott A. Lemaire

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

The molecular and cellular processes leading to aortic aneurysm development in Marfan syndrome (MFS) remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the changes of aortic cell populations and gene expression in MFS by performing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) on ascending aortic aneurysm tissues from patients with MFS (n = 3) and age-matched non-aneurysmal control tissues from cardiac donors and recipients (n = 4). The expression of key molecules was confirmed by immunostaining. We detected diverse populations of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs) in the aortic wall. Aortic tissues from MFS showed alterations …

Does Anyone Remember "Fingerprints On An X-Ray?", Vincent L. Sorrell

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Utility Of S100a12 As An Early Biomarker In Patients With St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Xiaolin Zhang, Minghui Cheng, Naijing Gao, Yi Li, Chenghui Yan, Xiaoxiang Tian, Dan Liu, Miaohan Qiu, Xiaozeng Wang, Bo Luan, Jie Deng, Shouli Wang, Hongyan Tian, Geng Wang, Xin-Liang Ma, Gregg W Stone, Yaling Han

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Importance: S100A12 is a calcium binding protein which is involved in inflammation and progression of atherosclerosis.

Objective: We sought to investigate the utility of S100A12 as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognostication of patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Design, Setting, and Participants: S100A12 was measured in 1023 patients presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain between June 2012 and November 2015. An independent cohort of 398 patients enrolled at 3 different hospitals served as a validation cohort.

Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary clinical endpoint of interest was major adverse cardiac and cerebral …

Accuracy Of Routine 2d Echocardiography To Estimate Pda Type And Dimension And Predict Device Selection For Successful Pda Occlusion, Mohammed Omar Galal, Zaheer Ahmed, Arif Hussain, Masroor Sharfi, Yahia El Mahdi, Fayzah El Khattab, Amjad Alkouatli, Riad Abou Zahr

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Background: Assessment of the shape and dimensions of PDA is usually done angiographically and in the majority of cases need arterial access. Our aim was to evaluate the value of routine 2 D echocardiography (ECHO) in predicting type, dimensions of PDA and to anticipate device size to be used during the intervention. Material and Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent transcatheter closure of PDA between January 2015 and December 2020 were reviewed. Their pre-procedure ECHO and catheterization details at the time of device closure were analyzed. Results: Total of 139 patients were reviewed and 8 were excluded because …

Role Of Serum Amyloid A In Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm And Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Preetha Shridas, Avery C. Patrick, Lisa R. Tannock

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Epidemiological data positively correlate plasma serum amyloid A (SAA) levels with cardiovascular disease severity and mortality. Studies by several investigators have indicated a causal role for SAA in the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Suppression of SAA attenuates the development of angiotensin II (AngII)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in mice. Thus, SAA is not just a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, but it is a key player. However, to consider SAA as a therapeutic target for these diseases, the pathway leading to its involvement needs to be understood. This review provides a brief description of the pathobiological …

Improving Care For Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Through The Use Of A Personal Electrocardiogram, Teresa Praus, Jonathan Li, Svetlana Barbarash, Manuel Proenza, Mary D. Bondmass

Nursing Faculty Research

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia affecting more than six million people in the United States. The economic burden is estimated to be >$6 billion annually with catastrophic events dramatically increasing expenditure. When patients experience symptoms, they commonly present to an acute care facility; this can be costly and anxiety provoking. Local problem: Same-day access issues prohibit patients from communicating directly with their cardiology provider, forcing them to use resources and increasing psychological burden.Methods:A convenience sample, made up of 43 patients, was given a KardiaMobile device. Eligible patients had ≥2 AF-related emergency department (ED) or urgent care …

Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Patient Empowerment Project, Alison Cusmano

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Hypertension is a public health issue estimated to affect 112 million adults by 2030. Primary care patients in an outpatient clinic in Southern California with elevated blood pressure readings in the office did not have an organized system for close follow-up. The purpose of this evidence-based project (EBP) was to educate patients on self-measured blood pressure monitoring (SMBP), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), diet interventions, and healthy weight loss to improve hypertension rates. Through these interventions, patients developed an understanding of their systolic and diastolic blood pressure goals. Nurse practitioners, medical assistants, and licensed vocational nurses screened for high …

Thyroidectomy In Mechanical Circulatory Support - A Salvage Treatment For Thyrotoxicosis-Induced Cardiogenic Shock: Case Series, Rody G. Bou Chaaya, Lauren M. Saint, Onyedika J. Ilonze Md, Mph

The VAD Journal

Amiodarone is frequently used to treat arrhythmias in patients supported with left ventricular assist devices. Long term amiodarone use can cause hyperthyroidism ultimately leading to cardiomyopathy and sometimes thyrotoxicosis-induced cardiogenic shock (CS). We describe two cases of thyrotoxicosis-induced CS rescued by successful thyroidectomy under mechanical circulatory support (MCS) – one with a Heartmate III (Abbott Laboratories) and another supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). In refractory CS, the initiation of V-A ECMO as a bridge to recovery is critical. In thyrotoxicosis-induced CS that is refractory to medical therapy requiring MCS, thyroidectomy is feasible, and a growing body of …

The Role Of Pre-Participation Exams In Identifying Student Athletes At Risk For Sudden Cardiac Arrest, Elizabeth Frey

Honors Projects

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the leading cause of death in young student athletes (Drezner et al., 2007). With athletes being recognized as some of the healthiest members of society, a catastrophic event like this can stimulate debate over pre-participation screening and appropriate emergency actions. With 55-80% cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) being asymptomatic before the event (Drezner et al., 2007), looking into how well pre-participation screenings identify at risk individuals becomes much more important. This project investigates to what extent pre-participation physicals (PPE) can be improved to better identify student athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death and …

Derivation And Validation Of A General Predictive Model For Long Term Risks For Mortality And Invasive Cardiovascular Interventions In Congenital Heart Disease, David A. Danford

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

Introduction. Accurate assessment of prognosis is a key driver of clinical decision making in congenital heart disease (CHD), but is complicated because CHD represents such a diverse collection of conditions. The aim of this investigation is to derive, validate, and calibrate multivariable predictive models for time to surgical or catheter-mediated intervention (INT) in CHD and for time to death in CHD. Methods. 4108 unique subjects were prospectively and consecutively enrolled, and randomized to derivation and validation cohorts. Total follow up was 26,578 patient-years, with 102 deaths and 868 INTs. Accelerated failure time multivariable predictive models for the outcomes, based on …

The Role Of The Erbb Signaling Pathway In Cardiovascular Progenitor Cell-Based Repair, Christopher Ramos

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Adult mammalian hearts lack self-renewal and proliferative capabilities necessary for cardiovascular regeneration. Current treatments using cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) for cell-based repair do not restore cardiac function in patients who experience a myocardial infarction (MI). Our laboratory has been studying Islet-1+ neonatal CPCs as a promising candidate for cell-based repair due to their ability to significantly improve cardiac function after MI in sheep. The current study addresses the hypothesis that the ERBB pathway is linked to the Hippo-pathway to activate YAP1 by the involvement of an autocrine loop that upregulates neuregulin (NRG). In our sheep model of MI and cardiovascular …

Commentary: Zoom Into The Coronary Anastomosis During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), Danial Ahmad, Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

The Physiological Benefits Of A Plant-Based Diet On Cardiovascular Health, Jenevieve Petray

Nursing | Senior Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly more prevalent in today’s society and is attributed to an alarming percentage of American hospitalizations and deaths. Americans are unhealthier than ever before, and the main contributor is the Western diet. Diet is a double-edged sword that can offer benefits or detriments to one’s health. CVD encompasses numerous diagnoses originating from various underlying physiological alterations. These alterations are downstream effects of increased body weight and BMI, increased cholesterol levels, decreased insulin sensitivity and increased arterial plaque buildup. Research shows that a plant-based diet has the potential to manage and reverse all fundamental physiological alterations that …

Nutrition, Atherosclerosis, Arterial Imaging, Cardiovascular Risk Stratification, And Manifestations In Covid-19 Framework: A Narrative Review., Smiksha Munjral, Puneet Ahluwalia, Ankush D Jamthikar, Anudeep Puvvula, Luca Saba, Gavino Faa, Inder M Singh, Paramjit S Chadha, Monika Turk, Amer M Johri, Narendra N Khanna, Klaudija Viskovic, Sophie Mavrogeni, John R Laird, Gyan Pareek, Martin Miner, David W Sobel, Antonella Balestrieri, Petros P Sfikakis, George Tsoulfas, Athanasios Protogerou, Prasanna Misra, Vikas Agarwal, George D Kitas, Raghu Kolluri, Jagjit Teji, Mustafa Al-Maini, Surinder K Dhanjil, Meyypan Sockalingam, Ajit Saxena, Aditya Sharma, Vijay Rathore, Mostafa Fatemi, Azra Alizad, Vijay Viswanathan, P K Krishnan, Tomaz Omerzu, Subbaram Naidu, Andrew Nicolaides, Jasjit S Suri

Heart and Vascular Articles

Background: Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several risk factors lead to atherosclerosis, and altered nutrition is one among those. Nutrition has been ignored quite often in the process of CVD risk assessment. Altered nutrition along with carotid ultrasound imaging-driven atherosclerotic plaque features can help in understanding and banishing the problems associated with the late diagnosis of CVD. Artificial intelligence (AI) is another promisingly adopted technology for CVD risk assessment and management. Therefore, we hypothesize that the risk of atherosclerotic CVD can be accurately monitored using carotid ultrasound imaging, predicted using AI-based algorithms, and reduced …

Utility Of Blood Cellular Indices In The Risk Stratification Of Patients Presenting With Acute Pulmonary Embolism., Brett Slajus, Yevgeniy Brailovsky, Iman Darwish, Jawed Fareed, Amir Darki

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Pulmonary embolism (PE) clinical manifestations vary widely, and that scope is not fully captured by current all-cause mortality risk models. PE is associated with inflammatory, coagulation, and hemostatic imbalances so blood cellular indices may be prognostically useful. Complete blood count (CBC) data may improve current risk models like the simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) for all-cause mortality, offering greater accuracy and analytic ability. Acute PE patients (n = 228) with confirmatory diagnostic imaging were followed for all-cause mortality. Blood cellular indices were assessed for association to all-cause mortality and were supplemented into sPESI using multivariate logistic regression. Multiple blood …

Scaling A Community-Wide Campaign Intervention To Manage Hypertension And Weight Loss, Belinda M. Reininger, Lisa A. Mitchell-Bennett, Minjae Lee, Paul G. Yeh, Amanda C. Davé, Soo Kyung Park, Tianlin Xu, Alma G. Ochoa-Del Toro

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Publications

Public health impacts can be achieved when evidence-based interventions are implemented to those most in need. Too often implementation never or slowly occurs. The community-wide campaign intervention Tu Salud ¡Si Cuenta! has evidence of improving health outcomes related to chronic disease among low-income, Latinos. Using the RE-AIM Framework, this study examined if the scaled-up version of the intervention is associated with improvements in hypertension and obesity in 12 locations. Each element of the RE-AIM framework was examined. For "Effectiveness," we examined outcomes overall and by implementing location. We used linear and logistic regression to assess if exposure in the intervention …

Native Valve Endocarditis Complicated By Abscess Formation Caused By Rothia Mucilaginosa, S Haddad, Y Saade, B Ramlawi, B Kreidieh, B Gilbert, S Rao

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

Rothia mucilaginosa is increasingly recognized as an emerging pathogen associated with endocarditis. It has mostly been reported a causative agent for prosthetic valve endocarditis. The previously reported cases of native valve endocarditis caused by this organism only required medical treatment with no surgical intervention. We report a case of R. mucilaginosa native valve endocarditis complicated by abscess formation requiring surgical intervention and review the literature of native valve endocarditis caused by this organism.

St-Segment Elevation In A Patient With Nausea, Vomiting, And Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Ranjan Banerjee, Dustin Hillerson, Steve W. Leung, Vincent L. Sorrell

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

A 60-year-old man who presented with nausea, vomiting, and intracerebral hemorrhage developed inferior ST-segment elevation and angina. Coronary angiography showed no coronary obstruction. The patient was found to have a small bowel obstruction causing superior translocation of the heart. Relief of obstruction caused immediate resolution of electrocardiographic changes and symptoms. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.)

Zwolle Risk Score For Safety Assessment Of Same-Day Discharge After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Jehangir Ali Shah, Bashir Ahmed Solangi, Mahesh Kumar Batra, Kamran Ahmed Khan, Ghazanfar Ali Shah, Gulzar Ali, Mehwish Zehra, Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Zubair, Musa Karim

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: The Zwolle risk score (ZRS) has been considered to be a useful tool for the systematic evaluation of patients for early discharge after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of ZRS for the same-day discharge strategy after primary PCI at a tertiary care cardiac center of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary care cardiac center between August 2019 and July 2020. Patients discharged within 24 hours (same-day) of the primary PCI procedure were included. Patients were stratified as high- and low-risk based on ZRS score; …

Multiple Migrated Superior Vena Cava Stents With Cardiac Injury - A Stepwise Open Cardiotomy Strategy To Mitigate Potential Fatality, Fayaz Mohammed Khazi, Samer Badr Eddin Alhashimi, Motaz Yousef Majthoob, Ayman Saleh, Ayman Al-Sibaie, Obaid Aljassim

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Iatrogenic injuries with migrated interventional stents can sometimes be life-threatening. The interventional retrieval management is generally the treatment of choice, as surgical procedures carry a high mortality risk with only a few cases reported. We report a patient with two stents migrated into the right atrium from superior vena cava resulting in cardiac perforation. She was successfully treated using pericardiocentesis followed by surgical intervention with rapid postoperative resolution of symptoms. The technique presented here substantiates the steps for a safe and effective removal of these multiple displaced stents with minimal postprocedural complications.

Automated Classification Model With Otsu And Cnn Method For Premature Ventricular Contraction Detection, Liang-Hung Wang, Lin-Juan Ding, Chao-Xin Xie, Su-Ya Jiang, I-Chun Kuo, Xin-Kang Wang, Jie Gao, Pao-Cheng Huang, Patricia Angela R. Abu

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is one of the most common arrhythmias which can cause palpitation, cardiac arrest, and other symptoms affecting the work and rest activities of a patient. However, patients hardly decipher their own feelings to determine the severity of the disease thus, requiring a professional medical diagnosis. This study proposes a novel method based on image processing and convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract electrocardiography (ECG) curves from scanned ECG images derived from clinical ECG reports, and segment and classify heartbeats in the absence of a digital ECG data. The ECG curve is extracted using a comprehensive algorithm …

Editorial: Perturbations In Metabolic Cues: Implications For Adverse Cardiac Function Leading To Sudden Cardiac Death, Brian P. Delisle, Ademuyiwa S. Aromolaran

Physiology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Which Outcomes Are Most Important To Measure In Patients With Covid-19 And How And When Should These Be Measured? Development Of An International Standard Set Of Outcomes Measures For Clinical Use In Patients With Covid-19: A Report Of The International Consortium For Health Outcomes Measurement (Ichom) Covid-19 Working Group, William H. Seligman, Luz Fialho, Nick Sillett, Christina Nielsen, Farhala Mari Baloch, Philip Collis, Ingel K M. Demedts, Marcelo P. Fleck, Maiara A. Floriani, Nasreen Muhammad

Section of Cardiology

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality with the consequences expected to be felt for many years. Significant variation exists in the care even of similar patients with COVID-19, including treatment practices within and between institutions. Outcome measures vary among clinical trials on the same therapies. Understanding which therapies are of most value is not possible unless consensus can be reached on which outcomes are most important to measure. Furthermore, consensus on the most important outcomes may enable patients to monitor and track their care, and may help providers to improve the care they offer through …