Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

The Structuring Of Procedures Utilized In An Adult Stuttering Treatment Program, Sarah Jane Prichard

Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, operant conditioning techniques have been effectively used to modify a variety of behaviors. For the most part, the modification of stuttering behavior has relied solely on the use of punishment. The shaping of "fluency” through differential reinforcement has been reported as a behavioral approach for the treatment of stuttering; however, the effectiveness of this technique in combination with other "teaching" tools, such as, modeling, instruction, and explanation has not been reported in the literature.

The purpose of this study was to construct behavioral definitions of terminology utilized in a stuttering treatment program at Portland State University to …

Non-Metric Scaling Of Loudness, Alan M. Richards

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Determination of loudness scales for 1000 Hz stimuli by conventional ratio scaling methods have yielded loudness functions which grow as approximately the 0.54 power of sound pressure. Thus, two-fold loudness differences are equivalent to approximately 10 dB across the auditory continuum. The unidimensional representation of loudness ss a power function of sound intensity implies that if A is twice as loud as B, which, in turn, is twice as loud C, the A will be four times as loud as C. In order to test this implication across the auditory continuum loudness ratio estimates were obtained from four 7x7 matrices …

Comparison Of Amounts Of Verbal Response Elicited By A Speech Pathologist In The Clinic And A Mother In The Home, Joan Mathis

Dissertations and Theses

Language assessment of children is an essential task of the speech clinician and many studies have been concerned with the validity of the data gathered. Few studies, however, have investigated examiner variability as a possible source of deviation in language assessment. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the amount of verbal output which children with normal language use when examined by two different examiners when the examiners are in their most comfortable setting.

Six children, four years of age, were examined by a speech pathologist in the clinic and the mother in the home and the 12 fifteen-minute …

The Rhetorical Invention Of Roy Wilkins In Selected Civil Rights Speeches, Thomas Johnson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Roy Wilkins, Executive Director of the National Asso­ciation for the Advancement of Colored People, has been in the foreground of the Civil Rights Movement since 1923, when he was secretary of the St. Paul NAACP and a delegate to his first national NAACP convention in Kansas City. He has delivered speeches in every state in the United States and many foreign countries. He has received numerous awards for his services, including the Medal of Freedom, the coun­try's highest civil honor. The purpose of this investigation was to study the rhetorical invention of Roy Wilkins to determine to what extent this …

Development And Fabrication Of A Linguapalatometer, William H. Grisham

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

This thesis study was the design and fabrication of a prototype linguapalatometer as a basic research tool in speech physiology. The system was designed to have maximum flexibility and to be capable of measuring linguapalatal articulation during continuous speech with high temporal and spatial resolution. Specifically, the study was an attempt to:

1. Design and fabricate a prototype artificial palate and electrode array of optimum thickness, complexity and materials of construction for accurate observation of linguapalatal speech physiology.

2. Design and fabricate a prototype amplifier and signal conditioner unit that permits discrimination between linguapalatal contact and physiologic “noise” such as …

Demographic, Personality And Nonverbal Perception Correlates Of Communication Sensitivity, William Patrick Neal

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The general purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of demographic, personality and nonverbal perception variables to communication sensitivity. The examination concerned the relative linearity or non-linearity and the statistical significance of each relationship. The specific purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of the UNM Conversation Self-Report Inventory. The Conversation Inventory was used as the measure of communication sensitivity in this study. The demographic variables were measured by the Demographic Questionnaire designed by this author. The Questionnaire provided demographic information ranging from age, sex, etc. to attitude toward the future and political beliefs. Three …

A Comparison Of Object Dropping And Echoic Vocalizing As Response Modes To Pure Tone Stimuli Among Mentally Retarded Children, Elton L. Stewart

Dissertations and Theses

Mentally retarded children demonstrate an abnormally high incidence of hearing impairment, and many, particularly those with IQs below 40, are difficult for audiologists to test. Consequently, there is great need among this population for investigating response modes and conditioning of responses to auditory stimuli. A review of the literature reveals no studies of echoic vocalization as a conditioned response mode to pure tone stimuli among the retarded.

In this study, a heterogenous sample of 13 moderately and severely retarded children ranging in age from 7 years 7 months to 16 years 3 months were compared on two response modes to …

A Dissonance Approach To Persuasion, Robert Wayne Norton

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

What moves is the essence of persuasion theory. Consequently, motivation theories interest the theorist examining persuasion theory. The theory of cognitive dissonance, in particular, suggests a meaningful approach to persuasion which offers both pragmatic and theoretical insights. Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance holds that when a person has two cognitions or “knowledges” which are inconsistent with on another, a state of dissonance or psychological discomfort occurs. The existence of the discomfort motivates the person to attempt to alleviate the inconsistency in order to restore the organism to a state of equilibrium or consonance. A dissonance approach to persuasion has two …

A Validation Study Of The Predictive Screening Test Of Articulation, Stanley G. Kibbey

All Master's Theses

The primary purpose of this study will be to conduct a test of the validity of the Predictive Screening Test of Articulation. Does the PSTA identify first grade children who will master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? Conversely, does the PSTA identify first grade children who will not master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? In short, does the PSTA predict as expected? Secondary purposes of this study include the assessment of the possible effects of sex, age, intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status on the …

The Relationship Of Reading Achievement And The Speech Problems Of Four Children Attendng C.W.S.C. Speech Clinic, Wanda Lee Raap

All Master's Theses

This study attempts to find a relationship between speech problems and reading difficulties. This was accomplished by giving reading achievement and reading diagnostic tests to the children at the C.W.S.C. speech and hearing clinic. The results of the reading tests were analyzed and, by the use of the speech records, related to their speech problems. This study attempted to find the relationship between speech problems and reading difficulties using four children, their speech records and their reading tests.

A Study Of The Relative Contributions Of Orally And Nasally Emitted Signals To Hyper-Nasal Speech, Milo Ellis Bishop

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The validity of The Oral Nasal Acoustic Ratio (Tonar) System as a means of obtaining data relevant to perceived nasality was established by comparing forward and backward play scale values with nasal/oral acoustic ratios computed by Tonar.

The acoustic characteristics of orally and nasally emitted signals and their relative contributions to the total speech signal were analyzed and considered within the framework of oral and nasal acoustic masking.

A passage free of nasal phonemes was read by 20 subjects with surgically repaired palatal clefts. A specially designed instrumentation system (Tonar) was used to separate the signals emerging from the oral …

Narrow Band Modification For Speech Testing Of The Cochlear Reserve By Threshold Shift, Michael F. Seidemann

Communication Disorders & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

The Differential Effects Of Unilateral Versus Bilateral Cerebral Lesions On Performances Involving Comparable Visual And Auditory Tasks, Michael G. Johnson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The present research was directed toward gaining a clearer understanding of the relationships between the location of brain injury and relative auditory and visual input abilities of adults by submitting selected subjects to comparable procedures requiring the auditory and the visual input of stimuli. Two tests, the Geometric Figures Test (GFT) and the Token Test (TT), were developed as a means of obtaining measures of auditory input ability and visual input ability. Each test contains separate auditory and visual batteries. The two batteries of each test are similar in all respects except for the mode of input used for each …

A Rhetorical Analysis Of Robert G. Ingersoll's Lectures On Religion, Stanley E. Paregien

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The purpose of this thesis was to present a rhetorical analysis of Robert G. Ingersoll's lectures on religion. Twelve of his lectures, spanning his career as a proponent of rationalism, free thought, and agnosticism were studied as a representative sampling of his public speaking. This rhetorical analysis of Ingersoll's lectures reveals that his popularity was not the product of calculated rhetorical chicanery or sophistry. Such an approach would have been unsuccessful, since his audiences had every reason not to listen and many persons were constantly looking for faults in his lectures. Caught up in an era of sweeping social changes, …

A Rhetorical Study Of Henry Grattan's Speeches On The "Catholic Question.", Richard Leo Lanigan Jr.

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

There are a few men in history whose public speaking during their own lifetime generates public praise and personal fame from the people of two sovereign nations. Henry Grattan was such a man. The Irish House of Commons heard his voice echo for twenty-five years. This long career was extended and amplified by his election to the House of Commons in Great Britain for fifteen years until his death in 1820. This simple Irish Protestant rose to speak more than two hundred times during his forty-four years of public office in both parliaments.

A Rhetorical Study Of The Life Line Radio Broadcasts, Arlee Wayne Johnson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

For more than a decade the American public has been discussing the merits of the philosophy of the radical right wing in American politics. This debate is not surprising when statements such as these by one of the foremost leaders of the radical right are examined:

A Rhetorical Analysis Of Selected Senate Speeches On The 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Timothy A. Browning

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

This paper is a rhetorical analysis of the Senate debate over ratification of the 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. In July, 1963, most Americans seemed to favor ratification of the treaty, but Senate administration forces were not certain that they could muster the necessary votes for ratification. By September, although public opinion had begun to shift against the treaty, the Senate voted overwhelmingly for ratification. The motion for ratification received 13 votes over the necessary two-thirds.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the speakers for the opposing sides, and to determine as much as is …

The Feasibility Of Employing A Neurophysiological Approach To Learning Disabilities In The Public School, Betty M. Zelman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A number of procedures characteristic of the neurophysical approach to learning problems were employed in the Rialto Unified School District. This study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of their use in the public school setting.

The results of the investigation indicated that:

1. The practices may be employed in public schools.
2. School administrators gave support for the program.
3. School personnel either are or may be trained to carry out the procedures.
4. Chronological age appears to have little expected to be extensive.
5. Cooperation from the home cannot be expected to be extensive.
6. Further study should be given to public school uses …

A Survey Of Needs For, And Availability Of, Referral Sources For The Yucaipa Joint Unified School District Speech And Hearing Therapy Program, Matthew J. Digby

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

Childhood Aphasia, Beatrice O. L. Williams

Graduate Student Research Papers

Childhood Aphasia is not to be confused with mental retardation, deafness, hard of hearing nor the socially and emotionally disturbed, although the symptomology is comparative in nature. Only through differential diagnosis, involving the services and cooperation of specialists in these various fields is it properly diagnosed.

Listening Lessons In Connected Speech For Puerto Rican College Students For The Purpose Of Improving Aural Comprehension In English, Margaret F. Tucker

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The University of Puerto Rico English staff members who are preparing teachers for the Island school system are concerned about the lack of effective training techniques which will develop the student's listening ability and thereby sharpen his comprehension of spoken English. Appropriate listening lessons to improve their understanding of connected speech are needed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the following hypothesis:

That additional materials for listening discrimination are needed for teaching English to Puerto Rican college students, and that paragraph listening lessons will provide varied auditory experience for sound discrimination training in learning English as a second …

A Translation And Analysis Of Portions Of The Russian Text The Art Of Oratory, Edited By A. Tolmachev, Moscow, 1959, Jack H. Butler

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Ancient and modern authorities on rhetoric agree that the fundamental purpose of oral discourse is social coordination or control. This implies the use of speech as an instrument of communication by which ideas and feelings are conveyed from person to person. Speech, therefore, assumes a primary role in the outcome of history and the peaceful resolution of vital differences.

A Study Of The Relationship Between Presidential Inaugural Addresses, Socio-Political Ideologies And Presidential Policy, Floyd Samuel Ohler

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Character of Inaugural Addresses. Research concerning the character of the Inaugural Address reveals great diversity of opinion among writers. The New York Herald Tribune, after President Kennedy’s address, concluded that the function of an Inaugural address “to express… the essence of what (the President) proposes to do in the White House.” Dr. Claudius O. Johnson, in his book Government in the United States - after reviewing President Franklin Roosevelt’s first inaugural, wrote that in his address, the President “usually tries to smooth over some of the ill-feeling which recent partisan strife may have caused, appeals to all good citizens to …

A Survey Of Speech Therapy Programs Of Selected School Districts Within A One Hundred Mile Radius Of Lodi, California, Edward O. Tempel

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Recognition of the need for special education for school children with speech handicaps was first made in Potsdam, Germany, in 1896. Twelve years later in 1908 the first public school class in speech correction in the United States was organized in New York City, Programs of speech and hearing re-education in the public schools of the United States have expanded from this single metropolitan system in 1908 to a nation-wide effort in little more than fifty years.

In the United States today more than two million school children require remedial services from competently trained speech clinicians. In California public schools …

An Examination Of Language Rehabilitation For The Cerebro-Vascular Accident, Pauline Elizabeth F. Stone

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

It is the purpose of this investigation to examine the theoretical and methodological developments in the field of aphasia, to examine therapeutic applications of such research and clinical material to the language rehabilitation of cerebrovascular accident patients, and to examine a number of existing language rehabilitation programs in the light of recent developments.

A Study Of The Adolescent Boy's Changing Voice, Harold Robert Estby

Graduate Student Research Papers

It was the purpose of this study (1) to arrive at an understanding of the vocal mechanism and how it changes during the changing voice period, (2) to discover what preparation can be made for the changing voice period, and (3) to find information on the changing voice period that would lead to an understanding ot how the changing voice develops and how it should be cared for and trained.

A Comparison Between Signal-To-Noise Ratios Of Stutterers And Normal Speakers, Allen A. Montgomery

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

The Problem

The problem with which this study deals, involves the question: do adult stutterers and non-stutterers differ in their ability to separate auditorily a designated sound from a background of noise?

Review of Research

Research in the field of stuttering has covered a wide area. Stutterers' metabolism has been measured, their handedness determined, and their personalities evaluated. Recently, however, the research has taken a new direction. Since the early 1950's with the development of the discipline of cybernetics, it has dealt increasingly with stuttering in terms of auditory and proprioceptive feedback, self …

A History Of The Development Of Speech Correction In The San Francisco Unified School District, 1915-1956, Alfred Donald Cross

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Public school speech correction programs have existed for many years throughout the United States. Most of these programs have been involved. in one or more of the following experiences: expansion, enrichment, curtailment, and. withdrawal.

Statement of the problem, It is the purpose of this study (l) to investigate the historical development of the speech correction program in the San Francisco Unified School District; (2) to determine the major factors that influenced the direction of the development of the program; and. (3) to ascertain the positive determinants of improvement in the further development of the San Francisco public school speech correction …

A Rhetorical Criticism Of The 1952 Campaign Speaking Of Adlai E. Stevenson, Carroll G. Hylton

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Political candidates' persuasive speaking has traditionally attracted much public attention. The influence of campaign speech in determining the outcome of a political contest is difficult to measure, but, judging from the vast amount of time and money expended on the preparation and delivery of this type of speech, it is considered an important part of any political campaign. This study deals with the 1952 Campaign speaking of Adlai E. Stevenson, a man who gave a new dimension to campaign oratory.

A Study Of The Nurse's Knowledge Of Speech Correction, Ben L. Guthrie

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

It was the purpose of this study: (1) to assess the nurse's knowledge of speech correction, and (2) to establish the basis for the development of a publication containing information about the speech handicapped especially designed for the nurse's use.