Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Firearm-Related Pediatric Head Trauma: A Scoping Review, Ron Gadot, Melissa A Lopresti, David N Smith, Lara Ouellette, Sandi Lam

Library Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Firearm-related injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations. Despite a disproportionate role in the most morbid outcomes in both traumatic brain injury and firearm-related injury populations, firearm-related traumatic brain injury (frTBI) is an understudied epidemiological entity. There is need to increase understanding and promote interventions that reduce this burden of disease.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence characterizing pediatric frTBI to highlight trends and gaps regarding burden of disease and interventions to reduce frTBI.

METHODS: We conducted a scoping review under Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines on peer-reviewed studies …

Psychiatric Comorbidities In Adults With Digeorge Syndrome, Hiren Patel, Ramu Vadukapuram, Zeeshan Mansuri, Chintan Trivedi, Kanwarjeet Singh Brar, Uzma Beg, Jigar Patel, Aalamgeer Ibrahim, Muhammad Khalid Zafar

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: DiGeorge Syndrome (DGS) is a common multisystem disorder associated with deletions on chromosome 22q11.2. Our objective is to evaluate the psychiatric comorbidities and demographics of patients suffering from DGS in a nationally representative dataset on inpatient hospitalizations.

Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample for the year 2005-2017 was used for this study. Data on patients with DiGeorge syndrome were collected by using the International Classification of Diseases code. Univariate and multi- variate logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results: In our study, the average age was 30.4 years (n = 6,563), with 59.9% male, and 61.8% of patients were white. There …

Progressive Resistance Training For Concomitant Increases In Muscle Strength And Bone Mineral Density In Older Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Steven J. O’Bryan, Catherine Giuliano, Mary N. Woessner, Sara Vogrin, Cassandra Smith, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background:

Older adults experience considerable muscle and bone loss that are closely interconnected. The efficacy of progressive resistance training programs to concurrently reverse/slow the age-related decline in muscle strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults remains unclear.

Objectives:

We aimed to quantify concomitant changes in lower-body muscle strength and BMD in older adults following a progressive resistance training program and to determine how these changes are influenced by mode (resistance only vs. combined resistance and weight-bearing exercises), frequency, volume, load, and program length.

Methods:

MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases were searched for articles published in English before 1 June, …

Rapid Education Event: A Streamlined Approach To Ultrasound Guided Nerve Block Procedural Training, Claire L. Paulson Do, Kristine L. Schultz Md, Daniel Kim, Kevin R. Roth Do, Facoep, Hanna R. Warren Do

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Care Ethics Framework For Midwifery Practice: A Scoping Review, Kate Buchanan, Elizabeth Newnham, Deborah Ireson, Clare Davison, Sadie Geraghty

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background:

As a normative theory, care ethics has become widely theorized and accepted. However, there remains a lack of clarity in relation to its use in practice, and a care ethics framework for practice. Maternity care is fraught with ethical issues and care ethics may provide an avenue to enhance ethical sensitivity.

Aim:

The purpose of this scoping review is to determine how care ethics is used amongst health professions, and to collate the information in data charts to create a care ethics framework and definition for midwifery practice.

Method:

The scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting …

Hla Pharmacogenetic Markers Of Drug Hypersensitivity From The Perspective Of The Populations Of The Greater Middle East, Hend Chaker Masmoudi, Nariman Afify, Halima Alnaqbi, Zainab Alhalwachi, Guan Kwang Tay, Habiba Alsafar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Specific HLA associations with drug hypersensitivity may vary between geographic regions and ethnic groups. There are little to no data related to HLA-drug hypersensitivity on populations who reside in the Greater Middle East (GME), a vast region spanning from Morocco in the west to Pakistan in the east. In this review, the authors intended to summarize the significant HLA alleles associated with hypersensitive drug reactions induced by different drugs, as have been found in different populations, and to summarize the prevalence of these alleles in the specific and diverse populations of the GME. For example, HLA-B * 57:01 allele prevalence, …

Insights From A Large-Scale Whole-Genome Sequencing Study Of Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, And Hypertension, Tanika N. Kelly, Xiao Sun, Karen Y. He, Michael R. Brown, Sarah A.Gagliano Taliun, Jacklyn N. Hellwege, Marguerite R. Irvin, Juan M. Peralta, John Blangero, Joanne E. Curran

School of Medicine Publications

Background: The availability of whole-genome sequencing data in large studies has enabled the assessment of coding and noncoding variants across the allele frequency spectrum for their associations with blood pressure.

Methods: We conducted a multiancestry whole-genome sequencing analysis of blood pressure among 51 456 Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine and Centers for Common Disease Genomics program participants (stage-1). Stage-2 analyses leveraged array data from UK Biobank (N=383 145), Million Veteran Program (N=318 891), and Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (N=10 643) participants, along with whole-exome sequencing data from UK Biobank (N=199 631) participants.

Results: Two blood pressure signals …

A Rare Case Of Penile Mucosal Melanoma, Safiya-Hana Belbina, Sofia Gereta, Mia Rose Schmolze, James Mclain Bradford, Christopher Yang, Aaron A. Laviana

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Giant Gastroduodenal Duplication Cyst With Juxta-Pancreatic Communication, Jhon F. Martinez Paredes, Daniel G. Plata-Diaz, Adriana Pinilla

School of Medicine Publications

Enteric duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations with a low incidence and there are only a few reports in the literature. Their clinical presentation varies according to the location and the type of duplication. T heir overall prognosis is good if early surgical intervention is provided. We report a 2-month-old boy who presented with a case of a giant gastroduodenal duplication cyst with a juxta-pancreatic communication and was successfully treated surgically. It is imperative to be aware of this rare congenital malformation that can present clinically with a wide range of non-specific symptoms that can cause significant morbidity and mortality …

Genetic Determinants Of Metabolic Biomarkers And Their Associations With Cardiometabolic Traits In Hispanic/Latino Adolescents, Daeeun Kim, Anne E. Justice, Geetha Chittoor, Estela Blanco, Marcio Almeida, Juan M. Peralta, Donna M. Lehman, Joanne E. Curran, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Ravi Duggirala, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Metabolic regulation plays a significant role in energy homeostasis, and adolescence is a crucial life stage for the development of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). This study aims to investigate the genetic determinants of metabolic biomarkers-adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, and orexin-and their associations with CMD risk factors.

Methods: We characterized the genetic determinants of the biomarkers among Hispanic/Latino adolescents of the Santiago Longitudinal Study (SLS) and identified the cumulative effects of genetic variants on adiponectin and leptin using biomarker polygenic risk scores (PRS). We further investigated the direct and indirect effect of the biomarker PRS on downstream body fat percent (BF%) and …

Mass Drug Administration Of Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine, Plus Albendazole Compared With Diethylcarbamazine Plus Albendazole For Reduction Of Lymphatic Filariasis Endemicity In Papua New Guinea: A Cluster-Randomised Trial, Moses Laman, Gary J Weil, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: A single co-administered dose of a triple-drug regimen (ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole) has been shown to be safe and more efficacious for clearing Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae than the standard two-drug regimen of diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole in clinical trials. However, the effectiveness of mass drug administration with the triple-drug regimen compared with the two-drug regimen is unknown. We compared the effectiveness of mass drug administration with the triple-drug and two-drug regimens for reducing microfilariae prevalence to less than 1% and circulating filarial antigen prevalence to less than 2%, levels that are unlikely to sustain transmission of lymphatic filariasis, in Papua …

A Survey Of Stroke-Related Capabilities Among A Sample Of Us Community Emergency Departments, Kori S Zachrison, Latha Ganti, Dhruv Sharma, Pawan Goyal, Marquita Decker-Palmer, Opeolu Adeoye, Joshua N Goldstein, Edward C Jauch, Bruce M Lo, Tracy E Madsen, William Meurer, John A Oostema, Cindy Mendez-Hernandez, Arjun K Venkatesh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Objectives: Most acute stroke research is conducted at academic and larger hospitals, which may differ from many non-academic (ie, community) and smaller hospitals with respect to resources and consultant availability. We describe current emergency department (ED) and hospital-level stroke-related capabilities among a sample of community EDs participating in the Emergency Quality Network (E-QUAL) stroke collaborative.

Methods: Among E-QUAL-participating EDs, we conducted a survey to collect data on ED and hospital stroke-related structural and process capabilities associated with quality of stroke care delivery and patient outcomes. EDs submitted data using a web-based submission portal. We present descriptive statistics of self-reported capabilities. …

External Validation Of The Fear Index In Borderline Acetabular Dysplasia, Maria T Schwabe, John C Clohisy, Elizabeth A Graesser, Cecilia Pascual-Garrido, Jeffrey J Nepple

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background: Given the lack of established, externally validated criteria for the diagnosis of unstable hips, the Femoro-Epiphyseal Acetabular Roof (FEAR) index has been proposed as a useful tool for identifying hips with instability in the setting of borderline acetabular dysplasia.

Purposes: To (1) determine the external performance of the FEAR index in identifying hips with a clinical diagnosis of instability in the setting of borderline dysplasia and (2) assess the performance of the FEAR index compared with acetabular inclination or physeal scar angle alone.

Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: The authors reviewed 176 patients with …

Emergency Department Communication In Persons Living With Dementia And Care Partners: A Scoping Review, Christopher R Carpenter, Jesseca Leggett, David Carr, Michelle Doering, Beth Prusaczyk, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: To synthesize published research exploring emergency department (ED) communication strategies and decision-making with persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their care partners as the basis for a multistakeholder consensus conference to prioritize future research.

DESIGN: Systematic scoping review.

SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: PLWD and their care partners in the ED setting.

METHODS: Informed by 2 Patient-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome (PICO) questions, we conducted systematic electronic searches of medical research databases for relevant publications following standardized methodological guidelines. The results were presented to interdisciplinary stakeholders, including dementia researchers, clinicians, PLWD, care partners, and advocacy organizations. The PICO questions included: How does communication differ for …

Monoclonal Antibodies Binding Data For Sars-Cov-2 Proteins, Nawneet Mishra, Joan Teyra, Ruthmabel Boytz, Shane Miersch, Trudy N Merritt, Lia Cardarelli, Maryna Gorelik, Filip Mihalic, Per Jemth, Robert A Davey, Sachdev S Sidhu, Daisy W Leung, Gaya K Amarasinghe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic opens up the curiosity of understanding the coronavirus. This demand for the development of the regent, which can be used for academic and therapeutic applications. The present data provide the biochemical characterization of synthetically developed monoclonal antibodies for the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The antibodies from phage-displayed antibody libraries were selected with the SARS-CoV-2 proteins immobilized in microwell plates. The clones which bind to the antigen in Fab-phage ELISA were selected, and a two-point competitive phage ELISA was performed. Antibodies binding kinetic of IgGs for SARS-CoV2 proteins further carried with B.L.I. Systematic analysis of binding with different control proteins and …

Assessment Of Apple Watch Series 6 Pulse Oximetry And Electrocardiograms In A Pediatric Population, Lauren Littell, Lisa Roelle, Aarti Dalal, George F. Van Hare, William B. Orr, Nathan Miller, Jennifer N. Avari Silva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recent technologic advances have resulted in increased development and utilization of direct-to-consumer cardiac wearable devices with various functionality. This study aimed to assess Apple Watch Series 6 (AW6) pulse oximetry and electrocardiography (ECG) in a cohort of pediatric patients.

METHODS: This single-center, prospective study enrolled pediatric patients ≥ 3kg and having an ECG and/or pulse oximetry (SpO2) as part of their planned evaluation. Exclusion criteria: 1) non-English speaking patients and 2) patients in state custody. Simultaneous tracings were obtained for SpO2 and ECG with concurrent standard pulse oximeter and 12-lead ECG. AW6 automated rhythm interpretations were compared to physician …

North American Practice-Based Recommendations For Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts In Portal Hypertension, Justin R Boike, Michael D Darcy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Complications of portal hypertension, including ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic hydrothorax, and hepatic encephalopathy, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite few high-quality randomized controlled trials to guide therapeutic decisions, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation has emerged as a crucial therapeutic option to treat complications of portal hypertension. In North America, the decision to perform TIPS involves gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and interventional radiologists, but TIPS creation is performed by interventional radiologists. This is in contrast to other parts of the world where TIPS creation is performed primarily by hepatologists. Thus, the successful use of TIPS in North America is dependent …

Glucose Uptake By Glut1 In Photoreceptors Is Essential For Outer Segment Renewal And Rod Photoreceptor Survival, Lauren L. Daniele, John Y.S. Han, Ivy S Samuels, Ravikiran Komirisetty, Nikhil Mehta, Jessica L Mccord, Minzhong Yu, Yekai Wang, Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia, Brent A Bell, Jianhai Du, Neal S Peachey, Nancy J. Philp

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Photoreceptors consume glucose supplied by the choriocapillaris to support phototransduction and outer segment (OS) renewal. Reduced glucose supply underlies photoreceptor cell death in inherited retinal degeneration and age-related retinal disease. We have previously shown that restricting glucose transport into the outer retina by conditional deletion of Slc2a1 encoding GLUT1 resulted in photoreceptor loss and impaired OS renewal. However, retinal neurons, glia, and the retinal pigment epithelium play specialized, synergistic roles in metabolite supply and exchange, and the cell-specific map of glucose uptake and utilization in the retina is incomplete. In these studies, we conditionally deleted Slc2a1 in a pan-retinal or …

New And Known Predictors Of The Postthrombotic Syndrome: A Subanalysis Of The Attract Trial, Félix Rinfret, Chu-Shu Gu, Suresh Vedantham, Susan R Kahn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Introduction: Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) remains associated with significant clinical and economic burden. This study aimed to investigate known and novel predictors of the development of PTS in participants of the ATTRACT (Acute Venous Thrombosis: Thrombus Removal With Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis) trial.

Methods: We used multivariable logistic regression to identify baseline and postbaseline factors that were predictive of the development of PTS during study follow-up, as defined by a Villalta score of 5 or greater or the development of a venous ulcer from 6 to 24 months after enrollment.

Results: Among 691 patients in the study cohort (all had proximal deep …

Single Administration Of Intracameral Bimatoprost Implant 10 Μg In Patients With Open-Angle Glaucoma Or Ocular Hypertension, Felipe A Medeiros, Arsham Sheybani, Manjool M Shah, Marcos Rivas, Zhanying Bai, Erica Werts, Iqbal I K Ahmed, E Randy Craven

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of a single intracameral administration of bimatoprost implant 10 µg in adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

METHODS: Two identically designed, randomized, 20-month, parallel-group, phase 3 clinical trials (one study eye/patient) compared three administrations of 10- or 15-µg bimatoprost implant (day 1, weeks 16 and 32) with twice-daily topical timolol maleate 0.5%. An open-label, 24-month, phase 1/2 clinical trial compared one or two implants administered in the study eye with once-daily topical bimatoprost 0.03% in the fellow eye. Separate analyses of the pooled phase 3 and phase 1/2 …

Detection Of Brain Tau Pathology In Down Syndrome Using Plasma Biomarkers, Shorena Janelidze, Bradley T Christian, Julie Price, Charles Laymon, Nicole Schupf, William E Klunk, Ira Lott, Wayne Silverman, H Diana Rosas, Shahid Zaman, Mark Mapstone, Florence Lai, Beau M Ances, Benjamin L Handen, Oskar Hansson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Novel plasma biomarkers, especially phosphorylated tau (p-tau), can detect brain tau aggregates in Alzheimer disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine which plasma biomarker combinations can accurately detect tau pathological brain changes in Down syndrome (DS).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The cross-sectional, multicenter Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome study included adults with DS and a control group of siblings without DS. All participants with plasma, positron emission tomography (PET), and cognitive measures available by the time of data freeze 1.0 were included. Participants were enrolled between 2016 and 2019, and data were analyzed from August 2021 to April 2022.

EXPOSURES: Plasma p-tau217, glial …

Context-Dependent Pro- And Anti-Resection Roles Of Zkscan3 In The Regulation Of Fork Processing During Replication Stress, Zheng Yang, Delphine Sangotokun Lemacon, Shan Li, Abigael Cheruiyot, Lingzhen Kong, Ke Tan, Chen Cheng, Ecenur Turkay, Dalin He, Zhongsheng You

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Uncontrolled resection of replication forks under stress can cause genomic instability and influence cancer formation. Extensive fork resection has also been implicated in the chemosensitivity of "BReast CAncer gene" BRCA-deficient cancers. However, how fork resection is controlled in different genetic contexts and how it affects chromosomal stability and cell survival remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a novel function of the transcription repressor ZKSCAN3 in fork protection and chromosomal stability maintenance under replication stress. We show disruption of ZKSCAN3 function causes excessive resection of replication forks by the exonuclease Exo1 and homologous DNA recombination/repair protein Mre11 following fork reversal. Interestingly, …

Microbiota Regulation Of Viral Infections Through Interferon Signaling, Nurul I. Wirusanti, Megan T. Baldridge, Vanessa C Harris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The interferon (IFN) response is the major early innate immune response against invading viral pathogens and is even capable of mediating sterilizing antiviral immunity without the support of the adaptive immune system. Cumulative evidence suggests that the gut microbiota can modulate IFN responses, indirectly determining virological outcomes. This review outlines our current knowledge of the interactions between the gut microbiota and IFN responses and dissects the different mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may alter IFN expression to diverse viral infections. This knowledge offers a basis for translating experimental evidence from animal studies into the human context and identifies avenues …

Predicting Brain Age From Functional Connectivity In Symptomatic And Preclinical Alzheimer Disease, Peter R. Millar, Patrick H. Luckett, Brian A. Gordon, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Suzanne E. Schindler, Anne M. Fagan, Carlos Cruchaga, Randall J. Bateman, Ricardo Allegri, Mathias Jucker, Jae-Hong Lee, Hiroshi Mori, Stephen P. Salloway, Igor Yakushev, John C. Morris, Beau M. Ances, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network

2020-Current year OA Pubs

"Brain-predicted age" quantifies apparent brain age compared to normative neuroimaging trajectories. Advanced brain-predicted age has been well established in symptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD), but is underexplored in preclinical AD. Prior brain-predicted age studies have typically used structural MRI, but resting-state functional connectivity (FC) remains underexplored. Our model predicted age from FC in 391 cognitively normal, amyloid-negative controls (ages 18-89). We applied the trained model to 145 amyloid-negative, 151 preclinical AD, and 156 symptomatic AD participants to test group differences. The model accurately predicted age in the training set. FC-predicted brain age gaps (FC-BAG) were significantly older in symptomatic AD and …

Informal And Incidental Learning In The Clinical Learning Environment: Learning Through Complexity And Uncertainty During Covid-19, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Karen E Watkins, Henriette Lundgren, Grace A Alcid, Deborah Ziring, Victoria J Marsick

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

In the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, where clinical environments are plagued by both uncertainty and complexity, the importance of the informal and social aspects of learning among health care teams cannot be exaggerated. While there have been attempts to better understand the nuances of informal learning in the clinical environment through descriptions of the tacit or hidden curriculum, incidental learning in medical education has only been partially captured in the research. Understood through concepts borrowed from the Cynefin conceptual framework for sensemaking, the early stages of the pandemic immersed clinical teams in complex and chaotic situations where there was …

Emergency Department Communication In Persons Living With Dementia And Care Partners: A Scoping Review, Christopher R Carpenter, Jesseca Leggett, Fernanda Bellolio, Marian Betz, Ryan M Carnahan, David Carr, Michelle Doering, Jennie Chin Hansen, Eric D Isaacs, Deborah Jobe, Kathleen Kelly, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Beth Prusaczyk, Bob Savage, Joe Suyama, Allan S Vann, Kristin L Rising, Ula Hwang, Manish N Shah

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: To synthesize published research exploring emergency department (ED) communication strategies and decision-making with persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their care partners as the basis for a multistakeholder consensus conference to prioritize future research.

DESIGN: Systematic scoping review.

SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: PLWD and their care partners in the ED setting.

METHODS: Informed by 2 Patient-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome (PICO) questions, we conducted systematic electronic searches of medical research databases for relevant publications following standardized methodological guidelines. The results were presented to interdisciplinary stakeholders, including dementia researchers, clinicians, PLWD, care partners, and advocacy organizations. The PICO questions included: How does communication differ for …

Cross-Ancestry Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Of 61,047 Cases And 947,237 Controls Identifies New Susceptibility Loci Contributing To Lung Cancer, Jinyoung Byun, Younghun Han, Yafang Li, Jun Xia, Erping Long, Jiyeon Choi, Xiangjun Xiao, Meng Zhu, Wen Zhou, Ryan Sun, Yohan Bossé, Zhuoyi Song, Ann Schwartz, Christine Lusk, Thorunn Rafnar, Kari Stefansson, Tongwu Zhang, Wei Zhao, Rowland W Pettit, Yanhong Liu, Xihao Li, Hufeng Zhou, Kyle M Walsh, Ivan Gorlov, Olga Gorlova, Dakai Zhu, Susan M Rosenberg, Susan Pinney, Joan E Bailey-Wilson, Diptasri Mandal, Mariza De Andrade, Colette Gaba, James C Willey, Ming You, Marshall Anderson, John K Wiencke, Demetrius Albanes, Stephan Lam, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Gary Goodman, Stig Bojeson, Hermann Brenner, Maria Teresa Landi, Stephen J Chanock, Mattias Johansson, Thomas Muley, Angela Risch, H-Erich Wichmann, Heike Bickeböller, David C Christiani, Gad Rennert, Susanne Arnold, John K Field, Sanjay Shete, Loic Le Marchand, Olle Melander, Hans Brunnstrom, Geoffrey Liu, Angeline S Andrew, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Hongbing Shen, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Kjell Grankvist, Mikael Johansson, Neil Caporaso, Angela Cox, Yun-Chul Hong, Jian-Min Yuan, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B Schabath, Melinda C Aldrich, Alpa Patel, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman, Fiona Taylor, Linda Kachuri, John S Witte, Lori C Sakoda, Margaret Spitz, Paul Brennan, Xihong Lin, James Mckay, Rayjean J Hung, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung …

Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Lockdown On The Management Of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study, Vaishali Prajapati, Krishna Shah, Dhruvi Shah, Mayur B Wanjari, Deepika Singhal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction Worldwide, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss. Early treatment and screening for DR have a major role in reducing the rate of the disease and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related restrictions have altered real-world practice patterns in managing DR. Aims and objectives To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of DR amongst patients presenting to a tertiary eye care center in Gujarat, India. Methods This is a cross-sectional study comparison of ophthalmic findings of 72 patients who presented to a tertiary care hospital with the manifestation of DR …

A Sensor-Controlled Digital Game For Heart Failure Self-Care Based On Behavioral Change Frameworks, Kavita Radhakrishnan, Atami Sagna Demain, Christine Julien, Katelyn Leggio, Matthew O'Hair, Emily T Hebért Arsers, Grace Lee, Tom Baranowski

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Self-care behaviors are critical to manage the adverse impact of heart failure disease. However, engaging in self-care behaviors such as physical activity or daily weight-monitoring can be difficult due to lack of knowledge or motivation. Digital games can serve as an alternative to traditional patient education to provide information and motivate engagement in critical self-care behaviors. In this paper, we describe a sensor-controlled digital game (SCDG) in which game play is driven by the player's real life self-care behaviors. We also present the design and development of the next iteration of the SCDG based on playtesting results and behavioral theoretical …

Roles And Responsibilities Of Medicine Subinternship Directors : Medicine Subinternship Director Roles, Nicholas S Duca, Cindy J Lai, Temple A Ratcliffe, Irene Alexandraki, Nadia Ismail, Michael Kisielewski, Jackcy Jacob, Katherine Walsh, Diane L Levine, Karen Szauter, Harish Jasti, Amber T Pincavage, Jeffrey Larochelle, Susan A Glod

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The internal medicine (IM) subinternship (also referred to as acting internship) plays a crucial part in preparing medical students for residency. The roles, responsibilities, and support provided to subinternship directors have not been described.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the current role of IM subinternship directors with respect to their responsibilities, salary support, and reporting structure.

DESIGN: Nationally representative, annually recurring thematic survey of IM core clerkship directors with membership in an academic professional association as of September 2017.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 129 core clinical medicine clerkship directors at Liaison Committee on Medical Education fully accredited U.S./U.S.-territory-based medical …