Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lysozyme-Induced Nephropathy Secondary To Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia, Vasudevan Mahalingam, Jamal Abukhaled, Ping Zhang

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Lysozyme-induced nephropathy is a rare cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). We report the case of an 85-year-old man with type II diabetes and hypertension who was being evaluated for an elevated serum creatinine of 2.27 mg/dL. Additional studies showed proteinuria (1 g), predominantly nonalbumin, along with an IgA λ monoclonal protein found on serum electrophoresis. His serum κ:λ ratio, however, was elevated and urinalysis showed free κ monoclonal protein. Further hematopathologic workup revealed CMML, and he also had progression of his AKI, for which a renal biopsy was performed. Light microscopy showed …

Tnf-Α And Nf-Κb Signaling Play A Critical Role In Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells In Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy, Victor Wang, Alison Heffer, Elisa Roztocil, Steven E Feldon, Richard T Libby, Collynn F Woeller, Ajay E Kuriyan

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is characterized by the growth and contraction of cellular membranes within the vitreous cavity and on both surfaces of the retina, resulting in recurrent retinal detachments and poor visual outcomes. Proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) have been associated with PVR and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Cigarette smoke is the only known modifiable risk factor for PVR, but the mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cigarette smoke on the proinflammatory TNFα/NF-κB/Snail pathway in RPE cells to better understand the mechanisms through …

Cyberknife Robotic-Assisted Stereotactic Radiosurgery For Advanced Stages Of Ciliochoroidal Uveal Melanoma. Preliminary Results In Mexico, Gustavo Ortiz-Morales, Irving Dominguez-Varela, Daniela E. Gomez-Elizondo, Erik Perez-Ramos, Sara González-Godínez, Dione Aguilar Y Méndez, Christian Estrada-Hernández, Ramiro Corral, Octavio Zamorano-Gómez, Carol L. Shields, Lauren A. Dalvin, Efren Gonzalez-Monroy, David Ancona-Lezama

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Objective: The objective of this study was to report the early results of CyberKnife^® (CK^®) stereotactic radiosurgery in advanced stages of ciliochoroidal (CBCh) melanoma in Mexican patients.

Methods: A retrospective review of charts was performed to analyze the outcomes of patients who underwent CK^® (Accuray Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, United States).

Results: Four patients with CBCh melanoma were treated under this protocol. The mean age was 53.2 ± 5.3 years (range, 47-60). Median of follow-up was 9.5 ± 3.1 months (range, 5-12). Mean tumor diameter was 13.49 mm, mean thickness, 11.74 mm, and mean gross tumor volume …

Evidence Of Likely Autochthonous Chagas Disease In The Southwestern United States: A Case Series Of Trypanosoma Cruzi Seropositive Blood Donors, Mary K. Lynn, Kyndall C. Dye-Braumuller, Norman L. Beatty, Patricia L. Dorn, Stephen A. Klotz, Susan L. Stramer, Rebecca L. Townsend, Hany Kamel, Jacquelyn M. Vannoy, Patrick Sadler, Susan P. Montgomery, Hilda N. Rivera, Melissa Nolan Ph.D., Mph

Faculty Publications

Background Chagas disease is a parasitic infection that can insidiously cause non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Given the largely silent nature of this progressive disease, asymptomatic blood donors pose potential blood transfusion risk. Blood donation screening has become an unintentional form of Chagas disease surveillance, with thousands of new cases identified since national surveillance was initiated in 2007.

Study Design and Methods We recruited T. cruzi-positive blood donors identified from California and Arizona blood centers for confirmatory blood screening and assessment of lifetime infection risk.

Results Among eight suspected cases, we identified four confirmed US autochthonous infections. The current manuscript details the …

Systematic Review Of Functional Outcomes In Cancer Rehabilitation, Alix Sleight, Lynn H. Gerber, Timothy F. Marshall, Alicia Livinski, Catherine M. Alfano, Shana Harrington Pt, Ph.D., Ann Marie Flores, Aneesha Virani, Xiaorong Hu, Sandra A. Mitchell, Mitra Varedi, Melissa Eden, Samah Hayek, Beverly Reigle, Anya Kerkman, Raquel Neves, Kathleen Jablonoski, Eileen Danaher Hacker, Virginia Sun, Robin Newman, Karen Kane Mcdonnell, Allison L'Hotta, Alana Schoenhals, Nicole L. Stout

Faculty Publications

Objective

To systematically review the evidence regarding rehabilitation interventions targeting optimal physical or cognitive function in adults with a history of cancer and describe the breadth of evidence as well as strengths and limitations across a range of functional domains.

Data Sources

PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Plus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The time scope was January 2008 to April 2019.

Study Selection

Prospective, controlled trials including single- and multiarm cohorts investigating rehabilitative interventions for cancer survivors at any point in the continuum of care were included, if studies included a primary functional outcome measure. …

A Call For Prudent Taxation Of Cannabis Corporates To Fund Mental Health Programmes, Cyprian Mostert, Jasmit Shah, Lukoye Atwoli, Zul Merali, Manasi Kumar

Brain and Mind Institute

Cannabis consumption increases the incidence of psychotic disorders, violence, and cognitive impairments [1]. Governments need to implement progressive tax legislation, such as that which requires the cannabis sector to accept responsibility and account for its contribution to the worsening of these mental health conditions in developing countries. Excise taxes are rarely imposed on the cannabis sector [2], despite the lucrative wealth amassed by this industry. For example, current estimates show that the global cannabis sector was valued at $25 billion in 2021 and is projected to reach $176 billion by 2030, driven solely by cannabis inhalation demands [3]. The projected …

Deep And Superficial Sensory Nerve Conduction To The First Dorsal Web Space Of The Foot, Kathy Galloway, Samantha Cook, Colleen Manning, Jessie Mills, Ashley Popham, Royale Rand, Rick Mckibben

Funded Scholarship

Background

Patient-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Models For Individualized Predictions Of Liver Disease, Alexandra Manchel, Jan B. Hoek, Ramon Bataller, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The prevalence of liver disease is steadily increasing, coupled with the limited availability of therapeutic treatments. Recent literature points to metabolic reprogramming as a key feature of liver failure. Hence, we sought to uncover the metabolic pathways and mechanisms associated with liver disease and acute liver failure. We generated patient-specific genome scale metabolic models by integrating RNA-seq data from patient liver samples with a generalized human metabolic model. Flux balance analysis simulations showed a distinct separation of non-alcohol associated and alcohol-associated disease states. Our analysis suggests that the alcohol associated liver has an increased flux through nucleotide and glycerophospholipid metabolic …

Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes Among Individuals With Excess Weight: Weight Trajectory Effects, Arthur H Owora, David B Allison, Xuan Zhang, Nana Gletsu-Miller, Kishore M Gadde

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) among individuals with overweight or obesity is well-established; however, questions remain about the temporal dynamics of weight change (gain or loss) on the natural course of T2D in this at-risk population. Existing epidemiologic evidence is limited to studies that discretely sample and assess excess weight and T2D risk at different ages with limited follow-up, yet changes in weight may have time-varying and possibly non-linear effects on T2D risk. Predicting the impact of weight change on the risk of T2D is key to informing primary prevention. We critically review the …

The Associations Between Relative And Absolute Body Mass Index With Mortality Rate Based On Predictions From Stigma Theory, Gregory Pavela, Nengjun Yi, Luis Mestre, Stella Lartey, Pengcheng Xun, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The social consequences of obesity may influence health and mortality rate (MR), given obesity's status as a highly stigmatized condition. Hence, a high absolute body mass index (BMI) in conjunction with the stigmatization of a high BMI may each independently increase the rate of MR.

Objectives: We tested whether relative BMI, defined as ordinal rank within a social reference group jointly defined by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, is associated with MR independent of absolute BMI.

Methods: Data were from three nationally representative datasets: the Health and Retirement Study (n = 31,115), the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS, n = …

Redox-Engineering Enhances Maize Thermotolerance And Grain Yield In The Field, Stuart A Sprague, Tej Man Tamang, Trevor Steiner, Qingyu Wu, Ying Hu, Tayebeh Kakeshpour, Jungeun Park, Jian Yang, Zhao Peng, Blake Bergkamp, Impa Somayanda, Morgan Peterson, Ely Oliveira Garcia, Yangfan Hao, Paul St Amand, Guihua Bai, Paul A Nakata, Ivo Rieu, David P Jackson, Ninghui Cheng, Barbara Valent, Kendal D Hirschi, Sv Krishna Jagadish, Sanzhen Liu, Frank F White, Sunghun Park

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Increasing populations and temperatures are expected to escalate food demands beyond production capacities, and the development of maize lines with better performance under heat stress is desirable. Here, we report that constitutive ectopic expression of a heterologous glutaredoxin S17 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGRXS17) can provide thermotolerance in maize through enhanced chaperone activity and modulation of heat stress-associated gene expression. The thermotolerant maize lines had increased protection against protein damage and yielded a sixfold increase in grain production in comparison to the non-transgenic counterparts under heat stress field conditions. The maize lines also displayed thermotolerance in the reproductive stages, resulting in …

Fraud, Hipaa And Telehealth, Lance Plunkett Jd, Llm

The New York State Dental Journal

Techonology is a wonderful thing, but it introduces all kinds of new considerations concerning the safe and legal conducft of the dental practice.

Maxillary Sinus Foreign Body From An Usual Source: Provisional Prosthesis Material, Daniel Sultan Dds, Md, Peter Balacky Dds, Peter Protzel Dds, Md

The New York State Dental Journal

Background: Antral foreign bodies disrupt normal sinus drainage and can lead to sinusitis and infection. These foreign bodies can arise from many sources including several unique to the dental setting. Case Description: Typical sources like displaced teeth, roots, and root canal filling materials would be iatrogenically introduced at the time of sinus violation. However, we report the unusual case of displaced provisional prosthesis material introduced via a small and almost invisible oroantral fistula several years following extraction. Practical Implications: light of this case, we emphasize the importance of the Valsalva test to diagnose oral antral fistulas following extractions and prior …

An Overview Of Maxillofacial Rehabilitation For The General Dentist, Vladimir Frias Dds, Ms

The New York State Dental Journal

The rehabilitation of the maxillofacial patient is mostly carried out in a multi-specialty treatment environment such as a comprehensive cancer center, where multiple specialists are available to treat the numerous concerns and complications that may occur. Many of these patients are seen by the maxillofacial prosthodontist at the same time as the other members of the team and maxillofacial rehabilitation can be treatment planned and performed expediently. Some patients, however, are treated without rehabilitation in mind and go years without appropriate referrals. A knowledge of the multiple types of prostheses available will allow the general practitioner to decide if a …

N Y State Dent J August-September 2022

The New York State Dental Journal

In the August-September 2022 issue, the reader will find the following feature articles:

• Maxillary Sinus Foreign Body From an Unusual Source: Provisional Prosthesis Material
• Antihypertensive Drug-induced Orofacial Angioedema: Case Reports
• An Overview of Maxillofacial Rehabilitation for the General Dentist

This issue includes regular columns with regional news impacting the New York membership including: editorial and perspectives columns, legal, association activities, component news, continuing education opportunities, and classifieds.

Antihypertensive Drug-Induced Orofacial Angioedema: Case Reports, Daria Vasilyeva Dds, Ashley Houle Dds, Md, Louis Mandel Dds

The New York State Dental Journal

The antihypertensive medications, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can cause orofacial angioedema (AE). Because the AE can result in serious complications, the dental practitioner must be prepared to make a prompt diagnosis.

Don't Let The Technology Tail Wag The Clinical Judgment Dog, Chester Gary Dds, Jd

The New York State Dental Journal

Misuse of artificial intelligence will threaten dentists' professional autonomy and erode public trust in the dentist-patient relationship.

Characterization Of The Long Non-Coding Rna Proins In Human Pancreatic Β-Cell, Shareena Saeed Lootah

Dissertations

It is well established that the genome is pervasively transcribed. Only 2% of those transcripts are translated into proteins, and the remaining 98% are non-translated, generating the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) species. A close observation of these transcripts directed the scientific community to their increasing potential functional roles in the cells. Indeed, the literature exponentially unveils this notion, with many ncRNAs showing substantial and variable biological functions. The field is in its infancy; however, efforts are accelerating to discover and define this ocean of new species.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are sub-species of ncRNAs with an arbitrary size of more than …

Contrastive Transformer-Based Multiple Instance Learning For Weakly Supervised Polyp Frame Detection, Tian Yu, Guansong Pang, Fengbei Liu, Yuyuan Liu, Chong Wang, Yuanhong Chen, Johan Verjans, Gustavo Carneiro

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Current polyp detection methods from colonoscopy videos use exclusively normal (i.e., healthy) training images, which i) ignore the importance of temporal information in consecutive video frames, and ii) lack knowledge about the polyps. Consequently, they often have high detection errors, especially on challenging polyp cases (e.g., small, flat, or partially visible polyps). In this work, we formulate polyp detection as a weakly-supervised anomaly detection task that uses video-level labelled training data to detect frame-level polyps. In particular, we propose a novel convolutional transformer-based multiple instance learning method designed to identify abnormal frames (i.e., frames with polyps) from anomalous videos (i.e., …

The Molecular Basis Of Diabetic Cardiomyopath, Ahmed Salaheldin Mustafa Ali Sultan

Dissertations

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major and worsening global health problem. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90% of DM and the global epidemic of obesity largely explains the dramatic increase in the incidence and prevalence of T2DM over the past 20 years. Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The electrocardiogram (ECG) of diabetic and obese patients is frequently disturbed. The aim of this project was to characterize and clarify the molecular basis of electro-mechanical dysfunction in the hearts of type 2 diabetic and type 2 diabetic/obese rats. Experiments were …

Activity Measure For Post-Acute Care “ 6-Clicks ” Basic Mobility Scores Predict Discharge Destination After Acute Care Hospitalization In Select Patient Groups: A Retrospective, Observational Study, Burke Rehabilitation Hospital, Divya Rajaraman, Sarah Taylor, Kirollos Agayaby, Suzanne Babyar

Publications and Research

Objectives

To establish cutoff scores for the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care “6-Clicks” standardized Basic Mobility scores (sBMSs) for predicting discharge destination after acute care hospitalization for diagnostic subgroups within an acute care population and to evaluate the need for a second score to improve predictive ability.

Design

Retrospective, observational design.

Setting

Major medical center in metropolitan area.

Participants

Electronic medical records of 1696 adult patients (>18 years) admitted to acute care from January to October 2018. Records were stratified by orthopedic, cardiac, pulmonary, stroke, and other neurological diagnoses (N=1696). Interventions: None

Main Outcome Measure

Physical therapists scored patients’ …

Factors Shaping Good And Poor Nurse-Client Relationships In Maternal And Child Care: A Qualitative Study In Rural Tanzania, Kahabi Isangula, Eunice Pallangyo, Columba Mbekenga, Eunice Ndirangu, Constance Shumba

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Evidence indicates that poor nurse‐client relationships within maternal and child health (MCH) continues to impact trust in formal healthcare systems, service uptake, continuity with care and MCH outcomes. This necessitates contextualized innovative solutions that places both nurses and clients at the forefront as agents of change in optimizing intervention designs and implementation. This study explored nurses and clients’ perspectives on the factors shaping nurse‐client relationships in MCH care to generate evidence to guide subsequent steps of human centered design (HCD) that involve designing effective strategies for improving therapeutic relationships in Shinyanga, Tanzania.

Methods: Qualitative descriptive design was …

Unit Knowledge And Practice Of Emergency Nursing Interventions At A Tertiary Public Cardiac Health Center In Uganda, Harriet Namukwaya, Cliff Asher Aliga, Grace Nakate, Judith Mutyabule

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Research suggests that many of the millions of deaths and long-term disabilities resulting from acute cardiovascular events and other emergency conditions are preventable if effective emergency care services were readily available. Effective emergency care requires trained and competent staff, including registered nurses. Most educational pathways do not adequately prepare nurses to deliver sensitive health care services for those with acute illness and injury. This includes Uganda, where few capacity-building initiatives have targeted emergency nursing care delivery, leading to knowledge and practice gaps.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess emergency nursing knowledge and clinical practice at a tertiary …

Resilience: Key Factors Associated With Resilience Of Older People In Botswana, Magen Mhaka-Mutepfa, Sheila Shaibu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

This study aims to determine key factors that predict resilience in older people. A cross-sectional design and quantitative methods were used for this study. Four districts were selected in Botswana using cluster random sampling. Data on resilience from 378 older adults aged 60 years+ [Mean Age (SD) = 71.1(9.0)] was collected using snowballing technique. Data on socio-demographics, protective and risk factors were also collected from urban and rural areas. CHAID (Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection) analysis was used to predict the strengths of the relationships among resilience and all predictor variables because the data were skewed. Five major predictor …

Preadmission Testing For Covid-19 As A Screening Strategy: A Retrospective Chart Review From A Tertiary Hospital In Kenya, David Odada, James Ndai, Jemimah Kimeu, Jasmit Shah, Reena Shah

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, hospitals and patient care facilities have faced challenges in protecting healthcare workers and patients from being exposed to the infection. The main challenge has been how exposure to COVID-19 can be controlled when asymptomatic patientscan transmit the infection. This study aims to evaluate pre-admission testing of COVID-19 in patients at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi as a screening strategy for understanding, preventing and controlling exposure to COVID-19.

Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective chart review study that analysed the incidence of COVID-19, incidental detection of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 …

Diverse Stem Cells For Periodontal Tissue Formation And Regeneration, Mizuki Nagata, Jeryl D English, Noriaki Ono, Wanida Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The periodontium is comprised of multiple units of mineralized and nonmineralized tissues including the cementum on the root surface, the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and the gingiva. PDL contains a variety of cell populations including mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) termed PDLSCs, which contribute to periodontal regeneration. Recent studies utilizing mouse genetic models shed light on the identities of these mesenchymal progenitors in their native environment, particularly regarding how they contribute to homeostasis and repair of the periodontium. The current concept is that mesenchymal progenitors in the PDL are localized to the perivascular niche. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses reveal …

Crisis In Services: Self-Care, Self-Directed Care, And The Use Of Technology Supporting All, Evidence To Practice, Cep Crisis Reports, Stephen Phillippi, Casey L. Thomas

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

County-Level Social Vulnerability And Breast, Cervical, And Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates In The Us, 2018, Cici Bauer, Kehe Zhang, Qian Xiao, Jiachen Lu, Young-Rock Hong, Ryan Suk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Area-level factors have been identified as important social determinants of health (SDoH) that impact many health-related outcomes. Less is known about how the social vulnerability index (SVI), as a scalable composite score, can multidimensionally explain the population-based cancer screening program uptake at a county level.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the geographic variation of US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)-recommended breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening rates and the association between county-level SVI and the 3 screening rates.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cross-sectional study used county-level information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's PLACES and SVI data …

Genome-Wide Association Analyses Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior Provide Insights Into Underlying Mechanisms And Roles In Disease Prevention, Zhe Wang, Andrew Emmerich, Nicolas J Pillon, Tim Moore, Daiane Hemerich, Marilyn C Cornelis, Eugenia Mazzaferro, Siacia Broos, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Traci M Bartz, Amy R Bentley, Lawrence F Bielak, Mike Chong, Audrey Y Chu, Diane Berry, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Nicole D Dueker, Elisa Kasbohm, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary F Feitosa, Christian Gieger, Mariaelisa Graff, Leanne M Hall, Toomas Haller, Fernando P Hartwig, David A Hillis, Ville Huikari, Nancy Heard-Costa, Christina Holzapfel, Anne U Jackson, Åsa Johansson, Anja Moltke Jørgensen, Marika A Kaakinen, Robert Karlsson, Kathleen F Kerr, Boram Kim, Chantal M Koolhaas, Zoltan Kutalik, Vasiliki Lagou, Penelope A Lind, Mattias Lorentzon, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Massimo Mangino, Christoph Metzendorf, Kristine R Monroe, Alexander Pacolet, Louis Pérusse, Rene Pool, Rebecca C Richmond, Natalia V Rivera, Sebastien Robiou-Du-Pont, Katharina E Schraut, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Heather M Stringham, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Constance Turman, Peter J Van Der Most, Mathias Vanmunster, Frank J A Van Rooij, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Jing-Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, Zhanna Balkhiyarova, Marie N Balslev-Harder, Sebastian E Baumeister, John Beilby, John Blangero, Dorret I Boomsma, Soren Brage, Peter S Braund, Jennifer A Brody, Marcel Bruinenberg, Ulf Ekelund, Ching-Ti Liu, John W Cole, Francis S Collins, L Adrienne Cupples, Tõnu Esko, Stefan Enroth, Jessica D Faul, Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes, Alison E Fohner, Oscar H Franco, Tessel E Galesloot, Scott D Gordon, Niels Grarup, Catharina A Hartman, Gerardo Heiss, Jennie Hui, Thomas Illig, Russell Jago, Alan James, Peter K Joshi, Taeyeong Jung, Mika Kähönen, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Woon-Puay Koh, Ivana Kolcic, Peter P Kraft, Johanna Kuusisto, Lenore J Launer, Aihua Li, Allan Linneberg, Jian'an Luan, Pedro Marques Vidal, Sarah E Medland, Yuri Milaneschi, Arden Moscati, Bill Musk, Christopher P Nelson, Ilja M Nolte, Nancy L Pedersen, Annette Peters, Patricia A Peyser, Christine Power, Olli T Raitakari, Mägi Reedik, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Igor Rudan, Kathy Ryan, Mark A Sarzynski, Laura J Scott, Robert A Scott, Stephen Sidney, Kristin Siggeirsdottir, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Emily Sonestedt, Marin Strøm, E Shyong Tai, Koon K Teo, Barbara Thorand, Anke Tönjes, Angelo Tremblay, Andre G Uitterlinden, Jagadish Vangipurapu, Natasja Van Schoor, Uwe Völker, Gonneke Willemsen, Kayleen Williams, Quenna Wong, Huichun Xu, Kristin L Young, Jian Min Yuan, M Carola Zillikens, Alan B Zonderman, Adam Ameur, Stefania Bandinelli, Joshua C Bis, Michael Boehnke, Claude Bouchard, Daniel I Chasman, George Davey Smith, Eco J C De Geus, Louise Deldicque, Marcus Dörr, Michele K Evans, Luigi Ferrucci, Myriam Fornage, Caroline Fox, Theodore Garland, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ulf Gyllensten, Torben Hansen, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L Horta, Elina Hyppönen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, W Craig Johnson, Sharon L R Kardia, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Markku Laakso, Claudia Langenberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Loic Le Marchand, Patrik K E Magnusson, Nicholas G Martin, Mads Melbye, Andres Metspalu, David Meyre, Kari E North, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Marju Orho-Melander, Guillaume Pare, Taesung Park, Oluf Pedersen, Brenda W J H Penninx, Tune H Pers, Ozren Polasek, Inga Prokopenko, Charles N Rotimi, Nilesh J Samani, Xueling Sim, Harold Snieder, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Tim D Spector, Nicholas J Timpson, Rob M Van Dam, Nathalie Van Der Velde, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Trudy Voortman, Gérard Waeber, Nicholas J Wareham, David R Weir, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, James F Wilson, Andrea L Hevener, Anna Krook, Juleen R Zierath, Martine A I Thomis, Ruth J F Loos, Marcel Den Hoed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies yields 99 loci that associate with self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST) and/or sedentary behavior at work. Loci associated with LST are enriched for genes whose expression in skeletal muscle is altered by resistance training. A missense variant in ACTN3 makes the alpha-actinin-3 filaments more flexible, resulting in lower maximal force in isolated type IIA muscle …

Alcohol And Cannabis Co-Use And Longitudinal Gray Matter Volumetric Changes In Early And Late Adolescence, Xi Luo, James J Yang, Anne Buu, Elisa M Trucco, Chiang-Shan R Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Previous studies have characterized the impact of substance use on cerebral structure and function in adolescents. Yet, the great majority of prior studies employed a small sample, presented cross-sectional findings, and omitted potential sex differences.

Methods: Using data based on 724 adolescents (370 females) curated from the NCANDA study, we investigated how gray matter volumes (GMVs) decline longitudinally as a result of alcohol and cannabis use. The impacts of alcohol and cannabis co-use and how these vary across assigned sex at birth and age were examined. Brain imaging data comprised the GMVs of 34 regions of interest and the …