Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mandibular Expansion Appliances And Their Activation Protocols, Tivanani Venkata Durga Mahendra, Vyshnavi Mulakala, Manda Anoosha

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A tooth size-arch length discrepancy (TSALD) occurs when there is an imbalance between the size of the teeth and the space available in the dental arches to accommodate them. Relief of crowding through expanding the arch is the most employed non-extraction method in orthodontics. Because of the absence of a midline suture and the resistance of the mandibular body, resolving crowding in the lower arch is more complex than in the upper arch. However, numerous researchers have devised innovative techniques and methods to successfully bring about the desired and stable changes through mandibular expansion. The advantage of this procedure was …

Factors Affecting Mandibular Growth And Displacement And Their Effect On Treatment Outcome, Ib Leth Nielsen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Orthodontists often have difficulty distinguishing between growth and displacement when it comes to the mandible and often the two are merged into one and referred to as just mandibular growth. It is clinically important to distinguish between the two as it can greatly affect the choice of treatment protocol and mechanics. In this review we shall attempt to clarify the issue with clinical examples in the hope of bringing more understanding to the problem. Controlling the factors that are involved in determining the outcome of orthodontic treatment in a growing patient can often be a difficult task and is affected …

A New Cephalometric Innovation For Assessing Vertical Skeletal Discrepancy: The Msg Angle, Mahamad Irfanulla Khan, Praveen Kumar Neela

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Purpose: The aim of the study was to introduce a new cephalometric parameter, the MSG angle; and to assess the effectiveness of the MSG angle to diagnose the vertical skeletal discrepancy of the face.

Methods: One hundred and fifty pretreatment Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs (LCRs) of patients between 14 to 35years (Mean ± SD: 19.6 ± 4.93) were included. Based on the FMA, Sn-Go-Gn, and R - angle, all the LCRs were subdivided into three groups: low angle (28 female and 22 male); average angle (29 female and 21 male); and high angle (27 female and 23 male), with 50 …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - September 8, 2022, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the September 8, 2022 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents include:

• Student-Run Free Clinic to host 5K
• USA basic medical sciences student selected for international policy fellowship network
• Meet a Ph.D. Student: Meredith Selby Gwin
• USA awarded $5.45 million to enhance Primary Care Pathway program

Coronavirus Update—Report Positive Test Results, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

We want to remind everyone that you need to self-report if you test positive for COVID-19.

Single-Cell Rna Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features Of Heterogeneity In The Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium., Ravi S Pandey, Mark P. Krebs, Mohan Bolisetty, Jeremy R. Charette, Juergen K. Naggert, Paul Robson, Patsy M. Nishina, Gregory W. Carter

Faculty Research 2022

Transcriptomic analysis of the mammalian retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) aims to identify cellular networks that influence ocular development, maintenance, function, and disease. However, available evidence points to RPE cell heterogeneity within native tissue, which adds complexity to global transcriptomic analysis. Here, to assess cell heterogeneity, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of RPE cells from two young adult male C57BL/6J mice. Following quality control to ensure robust transcript identification limited to cell singlets, we detected 13,858 transcripts among 2667 and 2846 RPE cells. Dimensional reduction by principal component analysis and uniform manifold approximation and projection revealed six distinct cell populations. All …

Retroperitoneal Ancient Neurilemmoma: A Nervous Rarity., Vaidehi Mendpara, Sweta Sahu, Devarsh N. Shaw, Subhangi Parmar, Tanveer Ahamad Shaik, Swastika Sadhai, Mukesh Pancholi

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Neurilemmomas are tumors of neural origin that comprise Schwann cell proliferation in a characteristic pattern. They are benign in nature. Ancient neurilemmomas are usually longstanding growths that exhibit degenerative features that could be mistaken for malignancy. We report a case of ancient neurilemmoma in a 70-year-old male patient in the retroperitoneal area. Retroperitoneal schwannomas are extremely uncommon along with ancient neurilemmoma features making it worth reporting

Oncocytic Papillary Cystadenoma Of The Larynx: A Rare And Masquerading Entity., Samuel Bosco, James Ding, Christopher Fundakowski

Otolaryngology (ENT) Resident Research

We cared for a 59-year-old female smoker who presented with a supraglottic lesion mimicking a laryngeal saccular cyst. The lesion was found to be a oncocytic papillary cystadenoma. This is a rare, benign neoplasm that accounts for 2–4.7% of minor salivary gland neoplasms. Oncocytic papillary cystadenoma of the larynx is even more rare, compromising less than 1% of all benign laryngeal neoplasms. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive differential diagnosis for cystic laryngeal lesions.

Characterizing Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Patients Who Develop Symptomatic Brain Metastases., Alexander Z Wei, Matan Uriel, Agata Porcu, Michael P Manos, Ann C Mercurio, Michael M Caplan, Liam Hulse, Rino S Seedor, Marta Holovatska, Jasmine Francis, Shaheer A Khan, Diana E Mcdonnell, Dmitry Bogomolny, Takami Sato, Brian P Marr, Rizwan Haq, Marlana Orloff, Alexander Shoushtari, Richard D Carvajal

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is an advanced ocular malignancy characterized by a hepatotropic pattern of spread. As the incidence of brain metastases (BM) in mUM patients has been thought to be low, routine CNS surveillance has not been recommended. Notably, no formal assessment of BM incidence in mUM has to date been published to support this clinical practice. We aimed to determine the true rate of BM in mUM and to clarify the clinical and genomic risk factors associated with BM patients through a collaborative multicenter, retrospective research effort. Data collected from 1,845 mUM patients in databases across four NCI-designated …

Next-Generation Sequencing Supports Targeted Antibiotic Treatment For Culture Negative Orthopedic Infections, Ravina Kullar, Emanuele Chisari, James Snyder, Christopher Cooper, Javad Parvizi, Jason Sniffen

Rothman Institute Papers

The isolation of an infective pathogen can be challenging in some patients with active, clinically apparent infectious diseases. Despite efforts in the microbiology lab to improve the sensitivity of culture in orthopedic implant-associated infections, the clinically relevant information often falls short of expectations. The management of peri-prosthetic joint infections (PJI) provides an excellent example of the use and benefits of newer diagnostic technologies to supplement the often-inadequate yield of traditional culture methods as a substantial percentage of orthopedic infections are culture-negative. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to improve upon this yield. Bringing molecular diagnostics into practice can provide critical …

Pilot Examination Of Stress, Heart Rate Variability, And Alcohol Craving And Use Among Female Veterans, Cathryn Glanton Holzhauer, Elizabeth E. Epstein, Laurel Bickar, Robyn A. Ellis, Nnamdi Pole, Mehmet Sofuoglu, David A. Smelson, Kristin Mattocks

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Rates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) are increasing among civilian and veteran populations of women in the United States, and stress pathophysiology (i.e., abnormal acute and long-term change in physiological responses to stress) is central to the maintenance of alcohol misuse within this population. Heart rate variability (HRV) is one measure of stress regulation that may help to explain the association of stress with alcohol misuse among women. In the current analysis of pilot data, 20 women veterans attended an in-person laboratory session and completed 35 daily assessments of their alcohol use and craving. During the lab session, the effects …

Role Of Hla-I Structural Variants And The Polyreactive Antibodies They Generate In Immune Homeostasis, Mepur H Ravindranath, Fatiha El Hilali, Carly J Amato-Menker, Hajar El Hilali, Senthamil R Selvan, Edward J Filippone

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Cell-surface HLA-I molecules consisting of β2-microglobulin (β2m) associated heavy chains (HCs), referred to as Face-1, primarily present peptides to CD8+ T-cells. HCs consist of three α-domains, with selected amino acid sequences shared by all alleles of all six isoforms. The cell-surface HLA undergoes changes upon activation by pathological conditions with the expression of β2m-free HCs (Face-2) resulting in exposure of β2m-masked sequences shared by almost all alleles and the generation of HLA-polyreactive antibodies (Abs) against them. Face-2 may homodimerize or heterodimerize with the same (Face-3) or different alleles (Face-4) preventing exposure of shared epitopes. Non-allo immunized males naturally carry HLA-polyreactive …

The Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set For Single-Sided Deafness (Crosssd) Study: International Consensus On Outcome Measures For Trials Of Interventions For Adults With Single-Sided Deafness, Roulla Katiri, Deborah A Hall, Derek J Hoare, Kathryn Fackrell, Adele Horobin, Nicholas Hogan, Nóra Buggy, Paul H Van De Heyning, Jill B Firszt, Iain A Bruce, Pádraig T Kitterick, Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set For Single-Sided Deafness (Crosssd) Initiative

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Single-sided deafness (SSD) has functional, psychological, and social consequences. Interventions for adults with SSD include hearing aids and auditory implants. Benefits and harms (outcome domains) of these interventions are until now reported inconsistently in clinical trials. Inconsistency in reporting outcome measures prevents meaningful comparisons or syntheses of trial results. The Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set for Single-Sided Deafness (CROSSSD) international initiative used structured communication techniques to achieve consensus among healthcare users and professionals working in the field of SSD. The novel contribution is a set of core outcome domains that experts agree are critically important to assess in all clinical …

Validation Of Blood-Based Transcriptomic Circadian Phenotyping In Older Adults, S Kendall Smith, Peter Tran, Katherine A Madden, Jill Boyd, Rosemary Braun, Erik S Musiek, Yo-El S Ju

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Electroencephalography In The Prognostication Of Clinical Outcomes In Critically Ill Children: A Review, Carley A Gilman, Courtney J Wusthoff, Réjean M Guerriero

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neurologic monitoring modality that allows for the identification of seizures and the understanding of cerebral function. Not only can EEG data provide real-time information about a patient's clinical status, but providers are increasingly using these results to understand short and long-term prognosis in critical illnesses. Adult studies have explored these associations for many years, and now the focus has turned to applying these concepts to the pediatric literature. The aim of this review is to characterize how EEG can be utilized clinically in pediatric intensive care settings and to highlight the current data available to understand …

Role Of Sympathetic Pathway In Light-Phase Time-Restricted Feeding-Induced Blood Pressure Circadian Rhythm Alteration, Tianfei Hou, Aaron Chacon, Wen Su, Yuriko Katsumata, Zhenheng Guo, Ming Gong

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Disruption of blood pressure (BP) circadian rhythm, independent of hypertension, is emerging as an index for future target organ damage and is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. Previous studies showed that changing food availability time alters BP rhythm in several mammalian species. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. To address this, the current study specifically investigates (1) the relationship between rhythms of food intake and BP in wild-type mice; (2) effects of light-phase time-restricted feeding (TRF, food only available during light-phase) on BP circadian rhythm in wild-type and diabetic db/db mice; (3) the roles of the …

Characterization Of The Plastic Scintillator Detector System Exradin W2 In A High Dose Rate Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beam, Sara Thrower, Surendra Prajapati, Shannon Holmes, Emil Schüler, Sam Beddar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

(1) Background: The Exradin W2 is a commercially available scintillator detector designed for reference and relative dosimetry in small fields. In this work, we investigated the performance of the W2 scintillator in a 10 MV flattening-filter-free photon beam and compared it to the performance of ion chambers designed for small field measurements. (2) Methods: We measured beam profiles and percent depth dose curves with each detector and investigated the linearity of each system based on dose per pulse (DPP) and pulse repetition frequency. (3) Results: We found excellent agreement between the W2 scintillator and the ion chambers for beam profiles …

Turning Nonselective Inhibitors Of Type I Protein Arginine Methyltransferases Into Potent And Selective Inhibitors Of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 4 Through A Deconstruction-Reconstruction And Fragment-Growing Approach, Giulia Iannelli, Ciro Milite, Nils Marechal, Vincent Cura, Luc Bonnefond, Nathalie Troffer-Charlier, Alessandra Feoli, Donatella Rescigno, Yalong Wang, Alessandra Cipriano, Monica Viviano, Mark T Bedford, Jean Cavarelli, Sabrina Castellano, Gianluca Sbardella

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are important therapeutic targets, playing a crucial role in the regulation of many cellular processes and being linked to many diseases. Yet, there is still much to be understood regarding their functions and the biological pathways in which they are involved, as well as on the structural requirements that could drive the development of selective modulators of PRMT activity. Here we report a deconstruction-reconstruction approach that, starting from a series of type I PRMT inhibitors previously identified by us, allowed for the identification of potent and selective inhibitors of PRMT4, which regardless of the low cell …

Design, Development, And Testing Of Best4baby, An Mhealth Technology To Support Exclusive Breastfeeding In India: Pilot Study., Tony Ma, Katie Chang, Amal Alyusuf, Elina Bajracharya, Yukiko Washio, Patricia J Kelly, Roopa M Bellad, Niranjana S Mahantashetti, Umesh Charantimath, Vanessa Short, Parth Lalakia, Frances J. Jaeger, Shivaprasad Goudar, Richard Derman

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 6 months of age in most low- and middle-income countries, including India, is surprisingly low. There is a relative lack of mobile health apps that specifically focus on leveraging the use of peer counselors (PCs) to support mothers as a means of increasing EBF practices in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: This study aimed to design, develop, and test the usability of Breastfeeding Education Support Tool for Baby (BEST4Baby), a mobile health app specifically designed to support PCs in providing in-home breastfeeding counseling support to mothers in rural India on optimal breastfeeding practices.

Methods: A …

Finding Biomarkers From Long-Non-Coding Rnas In Serum Of Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Nouran Yonis

Theses and Dissertations

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a serious global public health problem as it is a highly prevalent condition, that begins as simple liver steatosis and develops into an inflammatory steatosis form known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NAFLD has been linked with multiple comorbidities, which in certain cases predisposes to mortality secondary to extrahepatic neoplasms and coronary diseases. On the other hand, NASH leaves patients at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of NAFLD- based HCC is steadily increasing and is projected to surpass the incidence of HCC from viral origins. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been …

Influence Of Abutment Design On Biomechanical Behavior To Support A Screw-Retained 3-Unit Fixed Partial Denture, Guilherme Da Rocha Scalzer Lopes, Jefferson David Melo De Matos, Daher Antonio Queiroz, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Nathália De Carvalho Ramos, Mateus Garcia Rocha, Adriano Baldotto Barbosa, Marco Antonio Bottino, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges, Renato Sussumu Nishioka

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of Morse taper implants using different abutments (CMN abutment [(CMN Group] and miniconical abutments [MC Group]), indicated to support a screw-retained 3-unit fixed partial denture. For the in vitro test, polyurethane blocks were fabricated for both groups (n = 10) and received three implants in the “offset” configuration and their respective abutments (CMN or MC) with a 3-unit fixed partial denture. Four strain gauges were bonded to the surface of each block. For the finite element analysis, 3D models of both groups were created and exported to the analysis software to …

Burned-Out With Burnout? Insights From Historical Analysis, Renzo Bianchi, Katarzyna Wac, James Francis Sowden, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

Fierce debates surround the conceptualization and measurement of job-related distress in occupational health science. The use of burnout as an index of job-related distress, though commonplace, has increasingly been called into question. In this paper, we first highlight foundational problems that undermine the burnout construct and its legacy measure, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Next, we report on advances in research on job-related distress that depart from the use of the burnout construct. Tracing the genesis of the burnout construct, we observe that (a) burnout’s definition was preestablished rather than derived from a rigorous research process and (b) the MBI …

Modelling Aggressive Prostate Cancers Of Young Men In Immune-Competent Mice, Driven By Isogenic Trp53 Alterations And Pten Loss, Javier Octavio Mejía-Hernández, Simon P Keam, Reem Saleh, Fenella Muntz, Stephen B Fox, David Byrne, Arielle Kogan, Lokman Pang, Jennifer Huynh, Cassandra Litchfield, Franco Caramia, Guillermina Lozano, Hua He, James M You, Shahneen Sandhu, Scott G Williams, Ygal Haupt, Sue Haupt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Understanding prostate cancer onset and progression in order to rationally treat this disease has been critically limited by a dire lack of relevant pre-clinical animal models. We have generated a set of genetically engineered mice that mimic human prostate cancer, initiated from the gland epithelia. We chose driver gene mutations that are specifically relevant to cancers of young men, where aggressive disease poses accentuated survival risks. An outstanding advantage of our models are their intact repertoires of immune cells. These mice provide invaluable insight into the importance of immune responses in prostate cancer and offer scope for studying treatments, including …

The Ifn-Γ Receptor Promotes Immune Dysregulation And Disease In Sting Gain-Of-Function Mice, W. Alexander Stinson, Cathrine A. Miner, Fang R. Zhao, Annena Jane Lundgren, Subhajit Poddar, Jonathan J. Miner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STING gain-of-function mutations cause STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) in humans, a disease characterized by spontaneous lung inflammation and fibrosis. Mice with STING gain-of-function mutations (SAVI mice) develop αβ T cell-dependent lung disease and also lack lymph nodes. Although SAVI has been regarded as a type I interferonopathy, the relative contributions of the three interferon receptors are incompletely understood. Here, we show that STING gain of function led to upregulation of IFN-γ-induced chemokines in the lungs of SAVI mice and that deletion of the type II IFN receptor (IFNGR1), but not the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1) or …

September 2022: Region 10 Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Center (Resptc) At Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center & Children’S Hospital, Providence - Special Pathogens Program

Special Pathogens Newsletters

REGION 10 SPECIAL PATHOGENS NEWSLETTER

We’Re In This Together: Student Motivation And Faculty Support In Online Degree Advancement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kristen Mchenry, Thomas J. Wing, Jody Lester

Respiratory Therapy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this study was to identify the motivation for continued learning and degree attainment in online degree advancement (DA) respiratory care students (those with an associate degree pursuing a bachelor’s degree) during a pandemic and the types of support needed for academic success in the online learning environment. The design of the study was convergent mixed-methods descriptive survey research. Items from the Academic Motivation Scale-College Version (AMS-C) were used to assess the construct. Additionally, open-ended questions allowed for narrative responses related to the pandemic pressures, motivation regulation, and faculty support. One hundred twenty-three students completed various components of …

2022-09-07_Michiganoverview_Covidvaccinestats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Vaccine Data

The COVID Vaccine Dashboard page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/resources/covid-19-vaccine/covid-19-dashboard.

First-dose tracker above is for entire Michigan Population. Coverage maps below are for age 5+.

Previously reported numbers of administered vaccine doses may change as new data are received. A possible lag in reporting vaccine doses will result in increases in numbers previously reported.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Division of Immunization from data reported to the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR).

The dashboard contained the tabs Primary Series Doses Administered, Primary Series Doses by Vaccine, …

Protecting Wellness And Boundaries While Navigating Leaves Of Absences: Case Studies For Approaching From An Ethical And Behavioral Health Lens, Jennifer Kowalkowski, Sawsan Edriss, Stephen Warnick

Website/Multimedia Contributions

The new ACGME guidelines for paid 6-week family and medical leave are a big step forward in helping our residents maintain their health and well-being. Previously noted for having one of the strictest leave allowances among medical specialties, family medicine programs may see future increases in leave requests due to policy changes extending allowable leave times and increased stress from both the Covid-19 pandemic and current mental health crisis facing our nation. Leaves that involve physical or mental health crises are certainly very difficult for the resident on leave but can significantly impact co-residents and program faculty as well. Our …

Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 disease, is a highly infectious and transmissible viral pathogen that continues to impact human health globally. Nearly ~600 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, and about half exhibit some degree of continuing health complication, generically referred to as long COVID. Lingering and often serious neurological problems for patients in the post-COVID-19 recovery period include brain fog, behavioral changes, confusion, delirium, deficits in intellect, cognition and memory issues, loss of balance and coordination, problems with vision, visual processing and hallucinations, encephalopathy, encephalitis, neurovascular or cerebrovascular insufficiency, and/or …

9-23-22 Revised V3 Notice Hsc Committee Special Meeting, Hsc Committee

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.