Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: A Painful And Pruritic Presentation Of Pustulosis Following Pharmacotherapy For Pharyngeal Phlegmon., Chase Silvers, John Casey

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is primarily a drug-induced skin eruption, which typically presents within two days of starting an offending medication; it is often self-limiting with spontaneous resolution within two weeks upon medication cessation. We report the case of a patient who presented with generalized desquamation, characteristic pustules, and several morbilliform rashes on the body surface in association with recent amoxicillin-clavulanic acid exposure. This was associated with significant pruritus, which was the associated chief complaint. A multimodal approach to symptomatic management with topical corticosteroids, barrier ointments, oral antihistamines, and analgesics was required, in addition to the cessation of the …

Double Consciousness And Unhealthy Weight Control Behaviors In Young Black And White Adults, Priscillia Ihionkhan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined the previously understudied notion that Black individuals are buffered against being dissatisfied with their bodies and in turn developing unhealthy eating and weight control behaviors. Double consciousness, a racially/ethnically sensitive measure of body dissatisfaction, was tested as a mediator of the relation between ethnic identity and unhealthy eating and weight control behaviors in Black and White adults. It was anticipated that unhealthy weight control behaviors would be more common in Black women compared to White women and that double consciousness would mediate the association between ethnic identity and unhealthy weight control behaviors among Black women, but …

A Bayesian Spatiotemporal Model For Prevalence Estimation Of A Vre Outbreak In A Tertiary Care Hospital, A. Atkinson, B. Ellenberger, V. Piezzi, T. Kaspar, O. Endrich, A. B. Leichtle, M. Zwahlen, J. Marschall

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: There was a nosocomial outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) at the hospital between 1

METHODS: A room-centric analysis of 12 floors (243 rooms) of the main hospital building was undertaken, including data on 37,558 patients over 22,072 person-weeks for the first 2 years of the outbreak (2018-2019). Poisson Bayesian hierarchical models were fitted to estimate prevalence per room and per week, including both spatial and temporal random effects terms.

RESULTS: Exploratory data analysis revealed significant variability in prevalence between departments and floors, along with sporadic spatial and temporal clustering during colonization 'flare-ups'. The oncology department experienced slightly higher prevalence …

Sharksrx Newsletter Spring 2022, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Sharks Rx

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Nutrition Literacy And Neighborhood On Diet Quality In The Mexican Origin Population, Sylvia Pena

Dissertations (1934 -)

Introduction: Diet quality is a critical component in achieving optimal health outcomes. A poor diet can lead to various health complications including obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Hispanic individuals have been found to have higher rates of obesity; therefore, it is critical that variables impacting diet quality be examined in this population. Available literature concerning nutrition literacy, neighborhood and diet quality have not been specific to subgroups of the Hispanic population, therefore, identifying how these factors influence the Mexican origin population is needed. The aim of this dissertation was to better understand the impact of nutrition literacy and neighborhood on …

Patients With Chronic Pain Exhibit Individually Unique Cortical Signatures Of Pain Encoding, Astrid Mayr, Pauline Jahn, Anne Stankewitz, Bettina Deak, Anderson M. Winkler, Viktor Witkovsky, Ozan Eren, Andreas Straube, Enrico Schulz

School of Medicine Publications

Chronic pain is characterised by an ongoing and fluctuating intensity over time. Here, we investigated how the trajectory of the patients' endogenous pain is encoded in the brain. In repeated functional MRI (fMRI) sessions, 20 patients with chronic back pain and 20 patients with chronic migraine were asked to continuously rate the intensity of their endogenous pain. Linear mixed effects models were used to disentangle cortical processes related to pain intensity and to pain intensity changes. At group level, we found that the intensity of pain in patients with chronic back pain is encoded in the anterior insular cortex, the …

Does The Use Of Home-Based Continuous Glucose Monitoring Devices In Adults With Diabetes Mellitus Improve Hemoglobin A1c Levels? An Integrative Review, Ophelia Dionne Gelispie Ansari

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, but patients’ ability to obtain and maintain glycemic control remains a challenge. In 2017, complications from diabetes resulted in over $300 billion expenditures in lost productivity and medical costs. The nation’s approach to addressing this problem starts with acknowledging the benefits that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) as an adjunct intervention could change the trajectory of both diabetic care outcomes and the national expenditures associated with poor glycemic control, which leads to the destruction of other cells such as those found in the heart, eyes, and kidneys. Moreover, CGM use has been associated with …

Compassion Fatigue: The Effects Of Secondary Traumatic Stress And Vicarious Traumatization Among Baltimore Police Department Community Chaplains, Angela Teresa Jones-Ramirez

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Baltimore is plagued with a history of high crime, violence, and murder resulting in trauma. The purpose of the Doctor of Ministry action research project was to educate Baltimore Police Department (BPD) Community Chaplains concerning compassion fatigue while maintaining effective quality care. A two-day workshop was developed as an intervention to address the problem. Pretest and posttest surveys were administered using the Professional Quality of Life Scale, Version 5, and the Skovholt Professional Practitioner Resiliency and Self-Care Inventory. Data in the form of surveys, group notes, field notes, recorded testimonials, and stories were collected and analyzed. Results of the data …

Does Insomnia Increase The Risk Of Suicide In Hospitalized Patients With Major Depressive Disorder? A Nationwide Inpatient Analysis From 2006 To 2015, Zeeshan Mansuri, Abhishek Reddy, Ramu Vadukapuram, Mounica Thootkur, Chintan Trivedi

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction. nsomnia is an important symptom associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). In addition, it is one of the risk factors for suicide. Studies have shown the relationship be-tween insomnia and suicidal behavior in patients with MDD. However, this association has not been evaluated in a large sample of hospitalized patients.

Objectives. To evaluate the suicidal be-havior in MDD patients with insomnia compared to those without insomnia.

Methods. From the National Inpatient Sample (NIS 2006–2015) database using the ICD-9 code, patients’ data were obtained with the primary diagnosis of MDD and comorbid diagnosis of insomnia disorders (MDD+I). These patients were …

Identification Of An Optimal Dose Of Intravenous Ketamine For Late-Life Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Bayesian Adaptive Randomization Trial, Marijn Lijffijt, Nicholas Murphy, Sidra Iqbal, Charles E Green, Tabish Iqbal, Lee C Chang, Colin N Haile, Lorna C Hirsch, Nithya Ramakrishnan, Dylan A Fall, Alan C Swann, Rayan K Al Jurdi, Sanjay J Mathew

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Evidence supporting specific therapies for late-life treatment-resistant depression (LL-TRD) is necessary. This study used Bayesian adaptive randomization to determine the optimal dose for the probability of treatment response (≥50% improvement from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) 7 days after a 40 min intravenous (IV) infusion of ketamine 0.1 mg/kg (KET 0.1), 0.25 mg/kg (KET 0.25), or 0.5 mg/kg (KET 0.5), compared to midazolam 0.03 mg/kg (MID) as an active placebo. The goal of this study was to identify the best dose to carry forward into a larger clinical trial. Response durability at day 28, safety and tolerability, and …

Changes In Physical Activity Associated With The Covid-19 Pandemic In Individuals With Overweight And Obesity: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis With Historical Controls, Michael C Robertson, Che Young Lee, Ivan Haw-Chong Wu, Yue Liao, Margaret Raber, Nathan Parker, Thuan Le, Leticia Gatus, Karen M Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in physical activity patterns associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with overweight and obesity who were participating in a school district worksite weight loss program. We conducted comparative design interrupted time series analyses on physical activity device (Fitbit) data from the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 school years (N = 211). We administered a questionnaire in 2020 to supplement device data. After the stay-at-home orders in 2020, participants tended to decrease their weekly step count (B = -1315.7, SE = 627.7, p = .045), decrease their weekly "Lightly active minutes" (B = …

Purpose, Subject, And Consumer Comment On "Perceived Burden Due To Registrations For Quality Monitoring And Improvement In Hospitals: A Mixed Methods Study", Sylvia J Hysong, Patrick O'Mahen, Jochen Profit, Laura A Petersen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Zegers and colleagues’ study codifies the perceived burden of quality monitoring and improvement stemming from the work by clinicians of registering (documenting) quality information in the medical record. We agree with Zegers and colleagues’ recommendation that a smaller, more effective and curated set of measures is needed to reduce burden, confusion, and expense. We further note that focusing on validity of clinical evidence behind individual measures is critical, but insufficient. We therefore extend Zegers and colleagues’ work through a pragmatic, tripartite heuristic. To assess the value of and curate a targeted set of performance measures, we propose concentrating on the …

The Importance Of Learning Deaf Culture Through A Black Deaf Perspective In The Field Of Communication Sciences And Disorders, Lindsay Lee

Honors College Theses

As the diversity in the demographics of clinical populations increases in the United States, clinicians must also be accountable for learning the culture of their patients. The Deaf community, specifically individuals who identify with Deaf culture and Black Deaf culture, is a multifaceted, cultural group that has been marginalized within various settings including social, political, and employment settings, including academic and clinical research. This review will examine the historical developments within Deaf History in the United States, the injustices related to Deaf culture, and more specifically Black Deaf culture, and discuss the critical need for Deaf research and tools that …

Generation Of Crispr-Cas9-Mediated Genetic Knockout Human Intestinal Tissue-Derived Enteroid Lines By Lentivirus Transduction And Single-Cell Cloning, Shih-Ching Lin, Kei Haga, Xi-Lei Zeng, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human intestinal tissue-derived enteroids (HIEs; also called organoids) are a powerful ex vivo model for gastrointestinal research. Genetic modification of these nontransformed cultures allows new insights into gene function and biological processes involved in intestinal diseases as well as gastrointestinal and donor segment-specific function. Here we provide a detailed technical pipeline and protocol for using the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system to knock out a gene of interest specifically in HIEs by lentiviral transduction and single-cell cloning. This protocol differs from a previously published alternative using electroporation of human colonoids to deliver piggyback transposons or CRISPR-Cas9 constructs, as this protocol uses …

Carvacrol Alleviates Hyperuricemia-Induced Oxidative Stress And Inflammation By Modulating The Nlrp3/Nf-Κb Pathwayt, Muhammad Riaz, Lina Tariq Al Kury, Noreen Atzaz, Abdullah Alattar, Reem Alshaman, Fawad Ali Shah, Shupeng Li

All Works

Purpose: Gouty arthritis is generally induced by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints due to elevated serum uric acid levels, potentially leading to serious pathological disorders such as nephrolithiasis, renal failure, and acute gouty arthritis. In this study, we aimed to validate the anti-gout effects of carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal saline, disease group by injecting potassium mono-oxonate (PO) at a dose of 250 mg/kg, and three treatment groups, either with carvacrol 20 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg allopurinol. The blood and tissue samples were …

A Multi-Disciplinary Approach To Chronic Cough In Children, Shraddha S Mukerji, Naga Jaya Smitha Yenduri, Eric Chiou, Siby P Moonnumakal, Joshua R Bedwell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: (1) To highlight the important causes of chronic and recurrent cough in children. (2) To discuss multidisciplinary approach to management of chronic/recurrent pediatric cough.

METHODS: Review of scholarly articles, guidelines, expert panels via PubMed and Google Scholar.

CONCLUSION: Chronic cough (CC) in children is mainly attributed to persistent bacterial bronchitis, asthma, nonspecific cough, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms. A multi-disciplinary approach is cost-effective and aids with earlier diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Congenital or acquired narrowing of the subglottis is the leading ENT cause for recurrent croup (RC) in children. Laryngeal cleft-type 1 is commonly seen in children with …

Barriers Identified By Nursing Leaders In Supporting Nursing Research, Marietta Sperry

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background/Intro:

Nursing leaders at acute care hospitals often lack knowledge of how best to support nurses who wish to engage in nursing research and evidence-based practice. Inclusion of the nurses who have direct bedside contact with patients is integral in improving patient outcomes.

Problem Description-Patient facing nurses have cited a lack of leadership support in conducting research. A lack of research knowledge by nursing leaders has also previously been identified. I determined to learn other barriers nursing leaders would identify and if a brief module on basics of nursing research might mitigate these barriers.

Purpose/aims:

To determine what …

Design And Evaluation Of An Artificial Positive Control Construct For Detection Of The Novel Coronavirus 2019 Using Triplex Pcr, Afshin Samiminemati, Mehdi Zeinoddini, Nasrin Xodadadi, Fatemeh Sheikhi

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a novel-emerged strain with the person-to-person transmission that had never been found in humans. The main method for the identification of SARS-CoV2 is the genome-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using expensive instrument (real time thermal cycler); therefore, viral RNA is required to perform PCR reaction. On the other hand, false-positive or negative results of RT-PCR detection of this virus are a challenge for all clinical laboratories. One smart and scientific strategy for solving this problem is designing an artificial positive control construct. Objectives: To design and evaluate this positive …

Dose-Dependent Effect Of Local Treatment Of Phyllanthus Emblica L. Cream On Diabetic Wound, Ting-Ting Liao, Supakanda Sukpat, Chaisak Chansriniyom, Suthiluk Patumraj

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Non-healing diabetic ulcers are the most common cause of amputation. Several studies have reported for new, more effective treatments for chronic wounds in diabetic patients. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local treatment of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE) on a full-thickness wound model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Methods: Balb/c mice were divided into five groups: control group (CON), diabetic wounded group (DM, streptozotocin 45 mg/kg i.p. daily for 5 days), diabetic wounded group with daily treatment of different concentrations of PE cream (10%; 100%; and 200%, w/v). Seven days after the diabetic induction, all mice were …

Quality Of Life And Related Factors Of Patients With Brugada Syndrome Type 1 At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Boosamas Sutjaporn, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Apichai Khongphatthanayothin

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare cardiac arrhythmic syndrome which can increase the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients without structural heart disease. BrS may affect patients’ quality of life due to long-term follow-up. Objective: To identify the quality of life and related factors in patients with BrS. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with BrS from King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital were recruited between August 2019 to April 2020. We collected demographic data, evaluated depression/anxiety with Thai-HADS test, and administered cognitive tests and the quality of life questionnaires (MacNew and SF-36). Descriptive and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the …

Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 Gene Methylation In Leftover Dna Samples Obtained From Cobas 4800 Hpv Test, Rungtip Thumbovorn, Arkom Chaiwongkot

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: It has been known that persistent infections with the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPVs) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer progression. However, a minor of HR-HPV infected women developed cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to look for additional test to particularly identify HR-HPV infected women who are at higher risk to progress to cervical cancer quickly. Objective: We aimed to detect HPV16 L1 gene methylation levels in the leftover DNA samples of HPV16 positive samples with cytology diagnosed as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) obtained from Roche Cobas 4800 HPV assay. Methods: Methylation analysis within HPV16 …

Safety And Efficacy Of The Novel Surgical Dye From Blue Butterfly Pea Flower: An Ex Vivo And In Vitro Study, Rossukon Khotcharrat, Wanachat Thongsuk, Pussadee Paensuwan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: The chemical dyes were used for anterior capsule staining with caution. There is no natural dye available. The extract from traditional Thai herb may be an alternative dye. Objectives: To assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of the novel surgical dye on corneal endothelial cells and evaluate the proper concentration for staining on anterior lens capsule during cataract surgery in ex vivo. Methods: Safety of the dye in various concentrations on human corneal endothelial cell line was evaluated by resazurin technique. The efficacy of human anterior capsular staining at different concentrations of the dye and different time-points was also studied …

Effects Of Social Cognitive Enhancement With Family Involvement Program On Game Addictive Prevention In Male Junior High School Students, Pagagrong Laolam, Punyarat Lapvongwatana, Natkamol Chansatitporn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Gaming addiction is addressed in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as its high negative effects to personal, family, social, educational, and occupational aspects of adolescents’ life. Objective: This quasi-experimental research aimed to examine positive effects of social cognitive enhancement with family involvement (SCEFI) program on game addictive prevention in male junior high school. Methods: Sixty-two of 8th Grade students were equally assigned into the experimental and comparison groups. The experimental group received the SCEFI program plus one activity of family involvement while the comparison group received routine activities. The study intervention was 7 weeks …

Prevalence Of Depression And Anxiety Among The Patients With Multiple Sclerosis And Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thanawat Sakthanakul, Thanin Asawavichienjinda, Sookjaroen Tangwongchai

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Demyelinating disease is an inflammatory disease of the white matter in the brain and of the sheath that covers the nerves, optic nerves, and spinal cord, and its progression is often found to be continuously recurring and eventually develops into disability, stress, depression and anxiety. Objectives: To study the prevalence and the related factors of depression and anxiety among patients with demyelinating disease. Methods: Data were collected from a group of patients diagnosed with demyelinating disease by neurologists at the Outpatient Department, Neurology Unit, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Depression and anxiety were assessed with the Thai Hospital Anxiety and …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Anxiety And Depression In Liver Cirrhosis At Outpatient Clinic, Naphat Sirinimnualkul, Piyawat Komolmit, Teerayuth Rungnirundorn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Liver cirrhosis is one of the chronic medical conditions which frequently leads to psychiatric comorbidities including depression and anxiety disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis in outpatient clinic. Methods: Patients with liver cirrhosis aged from 18 years and above, excluded active liver malignancy, were recruited from liver clinic at outpatient of department of medicine. Anxiety and depression were identified using Thai Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (THAI-HADS). Descriptive statistic was applied to estimate prevalence of anxiety and depression and factors associated …

Nasal Obstruction And Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Kornkla Panprapakorn, Prakobkiat Hirunwiwatkul, Busarakum Chaitusaney, Natamon Charakorn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Nasal obstruction is one of common risk factors of obstruction in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) which can be caused by structural abnormalities. Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is defined that severity of OSA will be worsen in supine position. However, the correlation between nasal obstruction and POSA are unclear. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of nasal obstruction in OSA patients and find the correlation between nasal obstruction and respiratory disturbance index (RDI) in these subjects. We also aimed to determine find the correlations in OSA patients POSA and those without POSA. Methods: This …

Emergency Airway Management In Covid-19 Patients And Risk To Healthcare Workers: A Low-Middle Income Country Data From The Intubate Covid Registry, Faisal Shamim, M Nazir, Naseem A. Sheikh, Asma Salam, Badar Afzal Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Role Of Fun30, A Chromatin Remodeler, In Dna Repair, Mehwish Iqbal

Dissertations

The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is crucial for maintaining genome stability. DSB repair needs to take place within the complex organization of the chromatin, and this requires changes in the chromatin structure adjacent to DSB sites. These changes occur through covalent histone modifications that alter histone-DNA contacts as well as by the action of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers. Many chromatin remodelers, including Fun30, are involved in DSB repair. Fun30 facilitates DNA end resection at DSB site during the homologous recombination repair pathway. Apart from its role in DNA repair, Fun30 promotes gene silencing at heterochromatic loci such as telomeres, …

Nutritional Quality Of Four Novel Porridge Products Blended With Edible Cricket (Scapsipedus Icipe) Meal For Food, Nelly C. Maiyo, Fathiya M. Khamis, Michael W. Okoth, George O. Abong, Sevgan Subramanian, James P. Egonyu, Cheseto Xavier, Sunday Ekesi, Evanson R. Omuse, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Geoffrey Ssepuuya, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Currently, no data exist on the utilization of the newly described cricket species (Scapsipedus icipe) meal as additive in food products, though they have high protein (57%) with 88% total digestibility as well as a variety of essential amino acids. This article presents the first report on the effects of processing techniques and the inclusion of cricket meal (CM) on the nutrient and antinutrient properties of four porridge products compared to a popularly consumed commercial porridge flour (CPF). Porridge enriched with CM had significantly higher protein (2-folds), crude fat (3.4–4-folds), and energy (1.1–1.2-folds) levels than the CPF. Fermented cereal porridge …

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcohol Consumption, And The Modifying Role Of Social Participation: Population-Based Study Of Adults In Southwestern Uganda, Scholastic Ashaba, Bernard Kakuhikire, Charles Baguma, Emily N. Satinsky, Jessica M. Perkins, Justin D. Rasmussen, Christine E. Cooper-Vince, David Bangsberg, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) include multiple forms of child maltreatment, including abuse and neglect, as well as other forms of household dysfunction. Studies from Uganda have revealed a high prevalence of child abuse, as well as one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in Africa. Few population-based studies from Africa have estimated associations between ACEs and adult alcohol use, or assessed the potential buffering effects of social participation.

Methods

This cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in a rural parish in southwestern Uganda between 2016 and 2018. We assessed self-reported ACEs using a modified version of the Adverse Childhood …