Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (Pgad): Treatment By Neurolysis Of Dorsal Branch Of Pudendal Nerve, Kevin M. Klifto, A Lee Dellon

Research Day

Introduction: Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is the female perception that they are in a state of sexual arousal, without the ability of the arousal to be satisfied by orgasm.

Aims: It is the hypothesis of this study that PGAD results from a minimal degree of nerve compression of the dorsal branch of the pudendal nerve. If this hypothesis were true, then PGAD could be treated by neurolysis of the dorsal branch of the pudendal nerve.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was carried out from 2010 through 2018, of those women having neurolysis of the dorsal branch of the pudendal …

A Feather In Our Research Cap: Implementing Redcap In The Library, Jackie Werner, Meghan Dirito, Pj Grier, Skye Bickett

Research Day

The PCOM Library works to facilitate and support research across all disciplines. One method in which the Library incorporates this concept is by implementing, promoting, and teaching REDCap, a tool for data capture and for building and managing online surveys and databases. This poster presents the PCOM Library’s experiences with all steps of planning and implementing REDCap, along with lessons learned and future steps.

The Barriers That Deter The Geriatric Population From Receiving Healthcare, Jacquelyn Smith, Anne Egan, Denah Appelt

Research Day

In the United States, the geriatric population is considered to include individuals that are 65 years or older. In 2016, there was an estimated 49.2 million elderly Americans (Roberts, Ogunwole, Blakeslee, & Rabe 2018). Since the advances of modern medicine are prospering, this number is expected to increase drastically.

Furthermore, the geriatric population is projected to double, from 2010 to 2030, to 20% or 72 million Americans (Horton and Johnson 2010). Looking further into the future, the American geriatric population is expected to be 83.7 million in 2050 (Ortman, Velkoff, & Hogan 2014). In a 2016 Center for Disease Control …

Community Paramedicine To Proactively Combat Opioid Overdoses, Jeffrey Kalczynski, Justin Canakis, Novneet Sahu

Research Day

The growing problem of opioid overdoses has traditionally been combated with a reactive approach. In New Castle County, DE, a Community Paramedicine program has been implemented to make an attempt at stopping overdoses before they happen. Community Paramedicine is a mobile integrated health program that trains paramedics to visit and treat high risk patients at their homes on a non emergent basis. The aim is to prevent acute exacerbation of chronic disease. In other jurisdictions, this model has been used in an effort to reduce abuse of the 911 system and Emergency Department by "high utilizers" of the 911 system. …

Renal Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma: Genomic Characterization And Malignant Potential, Alan Wang, Kyle A. Blum, Jonathan Coleman, Paul Russo, A. Ari Hakimi

Research Day

Introduction:

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is one of the most common benign kidney tumors diagnosed. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (eAML) is a rare variant of these kind of masses that have been classified by the World Health Organization as a potentially malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that metastasizes in one-third of cases. However, conflicting reports have brought in to question the true malignant potential of eAML. Due to eAMLs overall rarity, few studies have characterized this entity. In this study, we further define eAML by describing its genomic alterations and malignant potential by comparing it to a cohort of AML patients at a large-volume cancer …

Acute Surgical Vs. Non-Surgical Management For Ocular And Peri-Ocular Burns: Oculoplastic Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Kevin Klifto, Ala Elhelali, Caresse Gurno, Stella Seal, Mohammed Asif, C Scott Hultman

Research Day

Burn related injury to the face involving the structures of the eyes, eyelids, eyelashes, and/or eyebrows could result in multiple reconstructive procedures to improve functional and cosmetic outcomes, and correct complications following poor acute phase management. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared 272 surgical to 535 non-surgical interventions within one month of patients suffering burn-related injuries to 465 eyes, 253 eyelids, 90 eyelashes, and 0 eyebrows and evaluated associated outcomes and complications. The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically and independently searched. Patient and clinical characteristics, surgical and medical interventions, outcomes and complications were …

The Effects Of Protein Kinase C Beta Ii Peptide Modulation On Superoxide Release In Rat Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes, Christina Lipscombe, Chinyere Ebo, Daphne Metellus, Jennifer Dang, Annam Humayun, Arjun Nair, Harsh Patel, Megan Michaels, Matthew Finnegan, Lucy Checchio, Faosat Muftau-Lediju, Faosat Martorana, Qian Chen, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young

Research Day

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; a diacylglycerol mimetic) is known to augment polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) superoxide (SO) release via protein kinase C (PKC) activation. However, the role of PKC beta II (βII) mediating this response is not known. It’s known that myristic acid (myr-) conjugation facilitates intracellular delivery of the cargo sequence, and that putative PKCβII activator and inhibitor peptides work by augmenting or attenuating PKCβII translocation to cell membrane substrates (e.g. NOX-2). Therefore, we hypothesize that myr- conjugated PKCβII peptide-activator (N-myr-SVEIWD; myr-PKCβ+) would increase PMA-induced rat PMN SO release, whereas, myr-PKCβII peptide-inhibitor (N-myr-SLNPEWNET; myr-PKCβ-) would attenuate this response compared to …

A Case Report: The Myxomatous Mystery, Joseph Kim, Nicole P. Pantle, Jacquelyn E. Fisher

Research Day

Introduction: Primary cardiac tumors are rare with an incidence rate of 1.38 new cases per 100,000 individuals per year. Of these tumors, 75% are benign in origin and the most common type is a myxoma with a frequency of over 50%. Myxomas most commonly arise from the left atrium followed by the right atrium. Clinical presentation of a myxoma varies depending on the location, size, and shape of the tumor. For example, a patient diagnosed with a myxoma may have constitutional symptoms, cardiovascular symptoms, pulmonary symptoms etc. or may be entirely asymptomatic. Since there is no specific symptoms presented …

The Effects Of Metformin, Aminoguanidine, And Pyridoxamine On Methylglyoxal Induced Cardiac Myocyte Injury, Amanda Harvey, Rose Martorana, Julia Colangeli, Hafsa Ahmed, Dean Delgado, Alisa Kim, Robinderpaul Sandhu, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Advanced glycation end (AGE) products have been under investigation for their role in cardiovascular disease in complications. Methylglyoxal, a byproduct of glucose metabolism, is elevated in the blood of diabetic patients and has shown to be an important intermediate in the production of AGEs. Due to the highly reactive structure of methylglyoxal, it can produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell via mitochondrial modification which results in a loss of cell membrane potential and possible cell death. The role of methylglyoxal in cardiac cells is not well known; in this study methylglyoxal induced cell injury and …

Protein Kinase C Beta Ii Peptide Inhibitor Elicits Robust Effects On Attenuating Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury, Daphne Metellus, Christina Lipscombe, Chinyere Ebo, Arjun Nair, Harsh Patel, Annam Humayun, Jennifer Dang, Megan Michaels, Matthew Finnegan, Lucy Checchio, Faosat Muftau-Lediju, Faosat Martorana, Anahi Mcintyre, Qian Chen, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young

Research Day

Reperfusion injury contributes to myocardial tissue damage following a heart attack partly due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon cardio-angioplasty. Protein kinase C beta II (PKCβII) inhibition during reperfusion with peptide inhibitor (N-myr-SLNPEWNET; PKCβII-) decreases ROS release and leukocyte infiltration in rat hind-limb and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) studies, respectively. However, the role of activating PKCβII during reperfusion has not been previously determined. In this study, we hypothesize that myristoylated (myr)-PKCβII- will decrease infarct size and improve post-reperfused cardiac function compared to untreated controls, whereas PKCβII peptide activator (N-myr-SVEIWD; myr-PKCβII+) will show no improvement …

Colorectal Cancer In Patients Under Age 50: Staging And Mortality At A Single Institution, Jaclyn Malat, Sarah Martin, Adrian Ong, Michael Brown

Research Day

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare stage and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients above and below age 50. We hypothesize that patients under age 50 will be diagnosed at a higher stage and have a lower mortality rate. Reports show an increase in CRC diagnoses in younger patients, however, data on this patient population is limited and further investigation is required.

Methods: A 20-year review of electronic medical records was completed from 1997 to 2017 of all patients diagnosed with CRC. This data was aggregated and univariate analysis was performed.

Results: Of the …

Muscle Circumference And Tendon Width Correlation In Rotator Cuff Tears, Michael Marcinko, Michael Bamimore, Mark Ujevic

Research Day

Introduction: Rotator cuff tears are a common pathology presenting in much of the population especially those with repetitive overhead activity. There are many papers that looked at the supraspinatus as the most commonly torn rotator cuff muscle, however, there is a lack of research on the correlation between muscle morphology and injury. This was the framework for our anatomical study using cadavers, in which the circumference of the muscle bellies and tendon widths of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles were measured.

Methods: 27 Cadavers provided by the Physician assistant program and first-year Osteopathic students in their respective anatomy …

Aromatherapy Use For Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting For Patients Undergoing Same-Day Surgeries, Anna Baughman, Cooper C. Anderson, Taylor Anspach, Lisa J. Choe, Lisa Y. Follett, Aubrie Bills, Lindsey Coyle, Angelsa Slampak-Cindric, Carolyn James, Tara Leisenring, Aimee Hess

Research Day

Description: Nausea and vomiting are frequent complications of anesthesia post-operatively. There is an increased prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing intra-abdominal and gynecologic surgeries. Many injectable and enteral medications are available for the prevention and treatment of PONV, each with the potential for side effects. Utilization of medications requires a provider order, which has the potential to delay initiation of therapy.

The use of aromatherapy via inhalation for the treatment of PONV has been shown to eliminate nausea in up to 85% of patients. Patients have reported perceived effectiveness and favorable improvement with the use …

Renovate, Innovate, Rejuvenate: Transforming The Oj Snyder Memorial Library, Matt Mcnelis

Research Day

Over the course of three years the staff of the PCOM Library have worked to create new spaces, offer new services, and update old processes in order to improve the visitor experience for students and staff of PCOM. Usage of spaces and services have increased, and both staff and students have anecdotally expressed their approval of the changes.

A Rare Variation Of The Inferior Mesenteric Vein With Clinical Implications, Sheeva Norooz, Danielle Park, Sarah Blizard, Natalie O'Toole, Martin Dela Torre, Young Son, Michael Mcguinness, Mei Xu

Research Day

The portal venous system has unique blood drainage from the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, pancreas and gallbladder to the liver. It consists of 4 large veins: the hepatic portal, splenic (SV), superior mesenteric (SMV) and inferior mesenteric (IMV). The SMV collects the venous return from the small intestine tributaries, ileocolic, right colic, middle colic and marginal veins (MarV). The IMV receives the blood from the superior rectal, sigmoid and left colic veins. However, anatomic variations of the portal venous system have occasionally been noted. During our routine gross dissection over the past years, we have found several common variations of the …

Redesigning Systems To Improve Teamwork And Quality For Hospitalized Patients (Reset): Study Protocol Evaluating The Effect Of Mentored Implementation To Redesign Clinical Microsystems, Kevin J. O'Leary, Julie K. Johnson, Milisa Manojlovich, Jenna D. Goldstein, Jungwha Lee, Mark V. Williams

Center for Health Services Research Faculty Publications

Background: A number of challenges impede our ability to consistently provide high quality care to patients hospitalized with medical conditions. Teams are large, team membership continually evolves, and physicians are often spread across multiple units and floors. Moreover, patients and family members are generally poorly informed and lack opportunities to partner in decision making. Prior studies have tested interventions to redesign aspects of the care delivery system for hospitalized medical patients, but the majority have evaluated the effect of a single intervention. We believe these interventions represent complementary and mutually reinforcing components of a redesigned clinical microsystem. Our specific objective …

Prevention And Management Of Sport-Related Concussions In Uganda: A Case Study, Samuel Lubega, Mike Lambert, Timothy Makubuya, Shelina Babul, Haruna Muwonge, Robert Zavuga, Josephine Kasolo, Joseph Kalanzi

Educator Preparation & Leadership Faculty Works

Head injuries in sports often go unnoticed and untreated with a risk of increasing the severity of neurological difficulties for affected athletes. While there is much research on athletes in developed countries, the data on athletes from developing countries is lacking. Using a descriptive case study approach, this report focuses on concussions from four main sports (football, athletics, basketball and rugby). Emphasis was placed on those athletes who had been identified with a sport-related concussion (SRC). The phases of emergency, intermediate, rehabilitative, and return to sports participation were considered in this study. Three SRC cases from both male and female …

The Search For Consciousness, Adrian Owen

BrainsCAN Publications

In recent years, rapid technological developments in the field of neuroimaging have provided new methods for assessing residual cognition, detecting consciousness, and even communicating with patients who clinically appear to be in a vegetative state. Here, I highlight some of the major implications of these developments, discuss their scientific, clinical, legal, and ethical relevance, and make my own recommendations for future directions in this field.

Hot Snare Vs. Cold Snare Polypectomy For Endoscopic Removal Of 4-10mm Colorectal Polyps During Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Studies, Mahendran Jayaraj

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Introduction In recent years, cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has increasingly been used over hot snare polypectomy (HSP) for the removal of colorectal polyps (4 – 10 mm in size). However, the optimal technique (CSP vs. HSP), in terms of complete polyp resection and complications, is uncertain. Our aim was to compare incomplete resection rate (IRR) of polyps and complications using CSP vs. HSP. Methods Randomized controlled studies (RCTs) comparing CSP and HSP for removal of 4 – 10 mm colorectal polyps were considered. Studies were included in the analysis if they obtained biopsy specimens from the resection margin to confirm …

Determining A Clinical Role For Digital Apps For Mental Health, Hephsibah Loeb, Md, Ann Chandy, Md

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Posters

In 2017, the FDA approved the first app for treatment of alcohol, cocaine, marijuana and stimulant use disorders. In a preceding randomized controlled trial, mobile software Therapeutic Education System (TES) was found to reduce dropout from treatment and to increase patients’ rates of abstinence from substance abuse. Another study showed that PRIME-D, a mobile-based treatment for depression, positively affected symptoms of depression and disability. Many individuals seek out self-help apps for psychiatric complaints, although, in general, little evidence exists for evaluation of the most accessible mobile apps for self-help. What are the strengths and weaknesses of digital apps for treatment …

Temporal Trends In Cardiovascular Hospital Discharges Following A Mass Chlorine Exposure Event In Graniteville, South Carolina, Ashley V. Howell, John E. Vena, Bo Cai, Daniel T. Lackland, Lucy Ingram, Andrew B. Lawson, Erik R. Svendsen

Faculty Publications

Background: On January 6, 2005, a train derailed in Graniteville, South Carolina, releasing nearly 60,000 kg of toxic chlorine gas. The disaster left nine people dead and was responsible for hundreds of hospitalizations and outpatient visits in the subsequent weeks. While chlorine gas primarily affects the respiratory tract, a growing body of evidence suggests that acute exposure may also cause vascular injury and cardiac toxicity. Here, we describe the incidence of cardiovascular hospitalizations among residents of the zip codes most affected by the chlorine gas plume, and compare the incidence of cardiovascular discharges in the years leading up to the …

Radiologic Technology Advanced Placement, Stacy Gosselin

Instructional Design Capstones Collection

The radiologic technology field is rapidly changing. Its technologists and students need to be prepared for these alterations. All students and technologists must pass the national board exam administered by the American registry of Radiologic Technologist. This exam assesses the participant in patient care, image acquisition, radiation safety and imaging procedures. The performance problem identified is the increased amount of radiologic technologists and radiologic technology students either failing the registry due to being unprepared, or due to insufficient continuing education credits. Many of these technologists have been out of the classroom for 20 years, seemed adapted to their own imaging …

Differences In Plasma Levels Of Long Chain And Very Long Chain Ceramides Between African Americans And Whites: An Observational Study, Joy N. Buie, Samar M. Hammad, Paul J. Nietert, Gayenell S. Magwood Phd, Rn, Faha, Faan, Robert J. Adams, Leonardo Bonilha, Catrina Sims-Robinson

Publications

BACKGROUND: Population-wide reductions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not been equally shared in the African American community due to a higher burden of CVD risk factors such as metabolic disorders and obesity. Differential concentrations of sphingolipids such as ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been associated with the development of CVD, metabolic disorders (MetD), and obesity. Whether African Americans have disparate expression levels of sphingolipids that explain higher burdens of CVD remains unknown. METHODS: A cross sectional analysis of plasma concentrations of ceramides, sphingosine, and S1P were measured from 8 whites and 7 African Americans without metabolic disorders and …

Rising Rural Body-Mass Index Is The Main Driver Of The Global Obesity Epidemic In Adults, Con Burns, Tara Coppinger, Janette Walton, Et Al

Publications

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3,4,5,6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to …

Medical Student Mistreatment: Understanding 'Public Humiliation', Jesse D. Markman, Thomas M. Soeprono, Heidi L. Combs, Ellen M. Cosgrove

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Introduction: Mistreatment in medical school is an enduring problem in medical education. Little is known about the concept of ‘public humiliation,’ one of the most common forms of mistreatment as identified on the AAMC Graduation Questionnaire. The objective of this study was to further investigate ‘public humiliation’ and to understand the underpinnings and realities of ‘public humiliation’ in medical education. Method: Focus groups of medical students on clinical rotation at the University of Washington School of Medicine were conducted over one and a half years. Qualitative analysis of responses identified emergent themes. Results: Study results included responses from 28 third …

An Exploration Of Factors Of Lgbt Cultural Competency Among Prospective Healthcare Professionals, Heather Isbell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Literature suggests there is a relationship between cultural competency and health outcomes as well as a perceived fear of discrimination LGBT individuals face when attempting to receive healthcare services. The aim of this study is to assess the level of LGBT CC (cultural competency) among prospective professionals who are expected to provide health care services and to explore factors that affect those attributes. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test the effect of the following factors of LGBT CC: postsecondary experience, relations with LGBT individuals, and religion using a sample of 57 different healthcare students in a faith-based university during …

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Langdon Presents Work During the WCHHSS Scholarship Lecture Series

Differential Estimation Of Audiograms Using Gaussian Process Active Model Selection, Trevor Larsen

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Classical methods for psychometric function estimation either require excessive resources to perform, as in the method of constants, or produce only a low resolution approximation of the target psychometric function, as in adaptive staircase or up-down procedures. This thesis makes two primary contributions to the estimation of the audiogram, a clinically relevant psychometric function estimated by querying a patient’s for audibility of a collection of tones. First, it covers the implementation of a Gaussian process model for learning an audiogram using another audiogram as a prior belief to speed up the learning procedure. Second, it implements a use case of …

Feeding Outcomes In Children With Craniofacial Anomalies, Meghan R. Hansen, Shannon M. Theis, Deanna Britton

Student Research Symposium

Feeding disorders in children with craniofacial anomalies, specifically cleft lip and/or palate, have been documented in the literature as a source of parental stress and can lead to difficulties with the early parent-infant bonding process, as well other medical co-morbidities including poor growth, impairment to the respiratory and developmental health of the child, and increased hospitalizations (Miller, 2011). However, there is a dearth of information in the literature regarding atypical craniofacial anomalies and early feeding difficulties. By utilizing an interdisciplinary team approach, we present a series of three case studies of early feeding difficulties in children with varying degrees of …

Loss Of Nrf2 Results In Decreased Neuronal Arborization And Synaptic Density And Causes Exacerbated Age-Related Cognitive Impairment., Mikah Brandes, Nora Gray, Maya Caruso, Jonathan Zweig, Amala Soumyanath, Joseph F. Quinn

Student Research Symposium

Background: As the brain ages, free radicals accumulate and cause damage to cellular macromolecules. This increased oxidative damage is thought to contribute to the cognitive decline observed in aging. Activation of the antioxidant regulatory transcription factor NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2) has been shown to improve neuronal health in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Yet exactly how NRF2 participates in maintaining synaptic and cognitive function has not been fully elucidated. This study investigates how loss of NRF2 affects synaptic density and cognitive performance in aged mice.

Methods: Dendritic arborization and synaptic was evaluated in hippocampal neurons isolated from mice lacking NRF2 …