Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Using Occupational Adaptation: A Telerehabilitation Program For The Homebound Elder, Amber Armstrong

MOT Student Capstones

Executive Summary The objectives of this project were to design a type of telerehabilitation program for the homebound elder that could be utilized by occupational therapy practitioners in the home health setting, design a program that is practical, easy and convenient for the occupational therapy staff to utilize, and to include adaptive equipment/durable medical equipment that is common and relevant for this population and setting. The program is for client and caregiver education on proper use of common adaptive equipment and durable medical equipment (tub transfer bench, 3-in-1 commode, sock aid, reacher). To accomplish this objective, the student created videos …

Examining Maternal Obesity Effects On Oogenesis, Follicular Development, And Embryonic Myogenesis, Chris Lindeman, Jennifer Wood

UCARE: Research Products

The CDC estimates that more than one-third of U.S. adults (approximately 78.6 million) are obese. Despite national efforts to combat this with diet and exercise, the number of obese adults and children continues to climb. It is critical to emphasize that obesity can lead to lifelong, chronic complications and health risks including hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes.

Diet and obesity also have important impacts on the reproductive health of female including the ability to become pregnant (fertility) and risk for complications during pregnancy. Furthermore, for women who do become pregnant, obesity can affect the development of the embryo and fetus, …

Prediction Of Communication Risk Before 12 Months With The Iscbs: Group Outcomes At 3 Years, Kristi Leutzinger, Maggie Steinhauser, Emma Fleisher

UCARE: Research Products

This study reports communication outcomes of typically developing infants given the Infant Social and Communication Behavior Scales (ISCBS) at 2-12 months. Results indicate patterns of infant behaviors on the ISCBS that differed between infants who later demonstrated language impairments or autism at age three years from those who did not.

Validity Of Home-Based Sonographic Diagnosis Of Obstetric Risk Factors By Auxiliary Nurse Midwives In Rural Nepal, Naoko Kozuki, Luke C. Mullany, Subarna K. Khatry, Ram Ghimire, Sharma Paudel, James M. Tielsch, +5 Additional Authors

Global Health Faculty Publications

Background

Approximately 2·3 million fetal, neonatal, or maternal deaths occur annually during the intrapartum period or on the day of birth. Several risk factors for intrapartum-related complications require ultrasonography for accurate diagnosis, but sonographic services are scarce in low-resource settings. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of community-based ultrasonography conducted by auxiliary nurse midwives to identify basic obstetric risk factors, in rural Sarlahi District, Nepal. We aimed to assess the validity at which these health workers can detect noncephalic position, multiple gestation, and placenta previa and to explore whether sonographic diagnosis could improve outcomes for women with …

Providing Care Beyond The Hospital: Perspective Of A Tertiary Care Hospital From A Developing Country, Saad Akhtar, Muhammad Waqas, Badar Uddin Ujjan, Adnan Salim, Gohar Javed, Syed Ijlal Ahmed, Malikah Surani, Marium Khan

Section of Neurosurgery

Background: Neurorehabilitation is an important aspect of continuing care for neurosurgical patients with functional disability. In developing countries, where formal home nursing frequently is unavailable, ensuring care after discharge is a difficult task. Training attendants to provide nursing care is an alternate option. In this study, we compared the outcomes of patients nursed by family members versus those looked after by a professional nurse.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi. The study consisted of 2 groups. Group 1 (consisting of patients cared for by a professional nurse) included 94 patients and …

Long-Tunneled Versus Short-Tunneled External Ventricular Drainage: Prospective Experience From A Developing Country, Muhammad Zubair Tahir, Zain A. Sobani, Muhammed Murtaza, Ather Enam

Section of Neurosurgery

Background: External ventricular drains (EVD) are commonly utilized for temporary diversion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Many neurosurgeons prefer long-tunneled EVDs in their routine practice. However, it is still unclear whether this extended tunneling helps in reducing CSF infection. Keeping this in mind, we decided to compare infection rates in long-tunneled versus short-tunneled EVDs in the setting of a developing country.
Materials and methods: A prospective study of 60 patients was conducted. Consenting patients who underwent short-tunneled (Group A) or long-tunneled (Group B) EVDs between January 2008 and June 2009 were followed during the course of their inpatient care. All operational …

Jefferson Digital Commons Quarterly Report: January-March 2016, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi, Kelsey Duinkerken, Msi, James Copeland, Libt

Jefferson Digital Commons Reports

This report includes:

• Adding Creative Commons Licenses to works in the JDC

• Assorted new assets added to the JDC including nursing oral histories, Physical Therapy student Capstone posters, Grand Rounds and much more

• What people are saying about the JDC from the following countries: Italy, Pakistan, Australia, Brazil, Zimbabwe and Ireland

Llusd Articulator - Volume 27, Number 1, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry, Kenneth Abramovitch

Articulator (Dentistry)

Contents:

4 | Dean's message
6 | Articulator survey
8 | Melvin Lund: LLUSD pioneer
12 | Where are they now? Price Family
17 | Radiology Clinic dedication
20 | Alumni Student Convention #56
28 | Celebrating 40 years of implant dentistry
33 | Profiles in service learning
38 | Science history: X radiation and dental radiology
46 | LLUSD researchers swarm AADR & CDA
53 | NEWS
62 | Clinic regulars

Detroit Health Department: Lead Report 2016, Abdul El-Sayed, Alex B. Hill, Haifa Haroon

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Research Publications

The Epidemiology team at the Detroit Health Department rigorously stress- tested Detroit’s lead numbers. The findings suggest a true decline in EBLL levels rather than a decrease in lead testing or a change in the characteristics of the children who are being tested.

A Comparison Of A Discrete Trial Teaching Procedure And An Incidental Teaching Procedure To Help Children With Developmental Disorders Acquire Sight Word Reading Skills, Adam Golonka Psyd

All Student Scholarship

Knowing how to read words that are relevant and important has the potential to help individuals with developmental disorders gain independence within both school and community settings. The current study compares the effectiveness of two teaching procedures targeting reading skills in children with developmental disorders. Discrete trial teaching (DTT) is a commonly used method of teaching multiple pre-academic and academic skills to individuals with developmental disorders. It involves a systematic presentation of stimuli, a teaching procedure, and delivery of reinforcement, and is often delivered in a mass trial format. Incidental or naturalistic teaching, on the other hand, takes place in …

Educational Outcomes Of Small-Group Discussion Versus Traditional Lecture Format In Dental Students' Learning And Skills Acquisition., Ana Arias, Raymond Scott, Ove A. Peters, Elizabeth Mcclain, Alan H. Gluskin

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The aim of this prospective quantitative study was to compare the effect of different instructional formats on dental students' skills and knowledge acquisition for access cavity preparation. All first-year dental students were invited to participate in this study conducted during the four consecutive two-week endodontic rotation courses at the University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry in spring semester 2015. Four alphabetically distributed intact groups of students were randomly allocated to two groups (n=70 each) that participated in either small-group discussion or a traditional lecture on access preparation. The first outcome measure was skill acquisition, measured by …

The Relationship Between Food Deserts, Farmers’ Markets And Food Assistance In Georgia Census Tracts, Andrea M. Brace, Todd L. Matthews, Bobbi Finkelstein, Daniela Beall

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Due to inadequate resources and limited access to healthy foods, residents of food deserts struggle to maintain a well-balanced, nutritious diet. These factors increase the risk of developing obesity and diet-related chronic diseases. Local farmers’ markets serve as community-level interventions, bringing healthy food to food deserts. Over the past two decades, farmers’ markets have been growing in numbers nationally. The present study explores the relationship between food deserts, placement of farmers’ markets, and availability of food assistance programs in Georgia.

Methods: Data are from the 2014 USDA Food Desert Atlas and the USDA Farmers’ Market Directory. Farmers’ market addresses …

The Effect Of Luck On The Retention Of Head Coaches In The Nfl, Alexander Steen

Masters Theses

his investigation considers the impact of the concept of luck on coaching retention in the National Football League (NFL). The head coach of an NFL team is often under intense scrutiny to perform in a high profile position. Due to a small inventory of games each season, there is the potential for luck to influence whether or not a season is viewed a success. This study seeks to measure the impact of luck for a given NFL team while attempting to correlate with the retention or release of the head coach.

Interactive Spaced Online Education In Pediatric Trauma, Rohit Shenoi, Daniel Rubalcava, Bindi Naik-Mathuria, Harold A. Sloas, David Delemos, Linzhi Xu, Donna Mendez

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

Pediatric resident trauma education is suboptimal due to lack of a curriculum and limited trauma experience and education resources. The objective of the study was to test knowledge retention and acceptability of interactive spaced education (ISE) in pediatric trauma. Prospective, randomized trial involving 40 physicians in a pediatric emergency department was used. Instrument was comprised of 48 multiple-choice questions (evaluative component) and answer critiques (educational component) on pediatric trauma divided into two modules. The instrument was assessed for test–retest reliability, item difficulty, and construct validity. Intervention consisted of online administration of each module as eight spaced emails (3 questions each) …

Evaluation Of Particulate Metal And Noise Exposures At A Foundry And Recommended Control Strategies, Jeshua Sargetis

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

An evaluation of current industrial hygiene practices were performed at a foundry located in the Northwestern United States. The foundry was evaluated for respirable and inhalable manganese, respirable crystalline silica and noise exposure. Personal breathing zone sampling was performed using proper safety and health practices on workers in the foundry and around the entire facility. Results showed that workers were being exposed to respirable manganese but not inhalable manganese. Bulk crystalline silica sampling was performed and personal breathing zone sampling was performed as a follow up to certain control measures which showed low concentrations. Area noise sampling was conducted in …

Reducing Noise Exposures Produced By Vibratory Finishing Machines, Anna Kroening

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Tumbling operators are exposed to loud occupational noises when loading and unloading the metal products in tumbling machines. The increase in the number of hearing loss injuries in the metal stamping industry initiated OSHA’s Special Emphasis Programs in designated industries and locations across the United States. Because occupational hearing loss injuries do not manifest themselves until years later, it is critical that employers install engineering controls immediately in order to protect worker’s hearing and prevent hearing loss injuries.

Tumbling machines come in a variety of configurations. In addition to sound absorption material that can be installed on floors, ceilings, and …

Comparison Of Sample Methods And Results For Hexavalent Chromium Exposures At Langley Afb, Ericka Crosley

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Various exposure limits and analytical methods are recommended for hexavalent chromium exposures. While the OSHA standard is legally binding, NIOSH and ACGIH recommendations should be considered as well when determining personnel overexposures. Hexavalent chromium is linked to severe acute and chronic effects, including cancer. The United States Air Force currently uses NIOSH methods 7600 and 7605 to sample for hexavalent chromium. This research analyzed if personnel are being overexposed, in addition to comparing NIOSH 7600 and NIOSH 7605 results to determine if both methods are required, or if one can be used in place of both. The results of the …

An Analysis Of Helmet Sound Attenuation During Abrasive Blasting, Michael Lindsey

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

During abrasive blasting, the operator is exposed to a process consisting of combined sound pressure levels from compressed air propelling an abrasive media through the hose, the abrasive striking metal substrate, the flow of breathing air inside the helmet, and the reverberation of sound inside the walls of the blast booth. The resulting noise can reach peak sound pressure levels (Lpeak) of 128 dBA, exceeding allowable occupational exposure levels.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the noise levels produced during abrasive blasting, attempt to further quantify total noise exposure to the abrasive blast operator, and calculate combined attenuation …

Whole Body Vibration Exposure To Crane Operator’S, Steven Campbell

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Whole body vibration (WBV) has been linked to lower back disorders (LBD’s). The purpose of this study is to determine whether crane operators are exposed to whole body vibration (WBV). If exposure exists then, do they exceed a current consensus standard. This information will be used to determine whether WBV should become a larger discussion item when purchasing cranes and or rebuilding. This information can also be used to make the case for seat replacement or at the very least a qualification to consider when purchasing replacement seats.

While many studies exist relating WBV to LBD, I could not find …

An Exploratory Study Of Carbon Monoxide Exposures In Ice Rink Volunteers, Jonathan Triner

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Hockey has grown in popularity in the United States substantially in the last fifty years. The combustion engine has primarily been utilized to power the ice resurfacing equipment to make the ice smooth and able to support the next activity. The exhaust from the combustion engine creates a source of CO that could be harmful to the bystanders if the exhaust is not ventilated from the area properly. Many studies have investigated CO concentrations in ice rinks, but few have evaluated carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels as a biological indicator of CO exposure, in order to evaluate the potential health effects of …

Making It Sound As Good As It Tastes: Noise Reverberation Reduction In A Micro Distillery Tasting Room, Andrew Sheehy

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Noise reverberation in micro distillery tasting rooms can interfere with speech communication and negatively impact the acoustic quality of live music. Noise reverberation was characterized in a tasting room in Butte, MT by calculated and quantified methods. Sound absorbing baffles were then installed in an effort to reduce reverberation and improve room acoustics. The overall reverberation time and speech interference level were decreased by measureable amounts that corresponded with an increase in overall absorption in the space. Reverberation time decreased from 0.85 seconds to 0.49 seconds on average. As shown by a customer survey given before and after the installation, …

Development Of A Questionnaire To Identify Barriers And Facilitators To Academic Careers For Women In Stem, Charles Leonard Bolton Iii

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this research was to develop a questionnaire to be used to identify barriers and facilitators to women faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) academics. The phenomenon known as the leaky pipeline, a theoretical model describing why women are underrepresented in STEM disciplines, was examined. Women have long been underrepresented in STEM professions despite an increase in the number of women earning STEM degrees, suggesting women are faced with barriers that prevent them from achieving equal representation with men. The literature has identified several potential barriers, both historical and new, such as biological inequalities, family responsibilities, …

Alignment Of Epidemiology Practice And Academic Competencies Through Effective Collaboration, Kimberly R. Glenn, Paula R. Masters, Megan Quinn

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: Online learning has recently garnered increased attention as technology use in the classroom grows. However, most of the published approaches regarding this topic in postgraduate education centers on clinical environments. Models of partnerships between applied public health agencies and academic centers to produce mutually beneficial online learning opportunities for graduate-level public health courses have not been explored in the literature.

Methods: East Tennessee State University (ETSU) and the Tennessee Department of Health (TDH) partnered to build three online, asynchronous epidemiology modules for an interdisciplinary audience of graduate students. The goals of the modules were to (1) introduce students to …

Evaluation Of Service-Learning Infused Courses With Refugee Families, Aida Midgett, Diana M. Doumas

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study evaluated the impact of service-learning infused courses on multicultural competence and social justice advocacy skills among counseling students. The project, in which students acted as job-coaches for refugee families, was integrated into a first year and second year counseling course. Results indicated an increase in multicultural knowledge and advocacy skills, with greater changes reported among first year students. Implications for counselor training including placement of service-learning projects within the counseling curriculum are discussed.

Mythbusting The Common Cold And Flu, Matthew Dillon

McNair Scholars Research Journal

As we have created vaccines for many contagious pathogens in the last 100 years, the flu and cold still lack a “cure.” There are many things people do to try to get over the cold and flu from homeopathic remedies to the flu vaccine. While nothing can prevent the cold or flu, there are ways we can mitigate our chances of getting these viruses. By doing what we can to avoid getting these illnesses, we are also helping prevent the spread of the viruses to others. In the end, this is our best course of action until a vaccine that …

Los Médicos No Creen En La Brujería: El Choque Entre La Psicologia Occidental, El Catolicismo Y Las Creencias Ancestrales En La Salud Mental Boliviana, Olivia Legan

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Este ensayo explora el concepto de salud mental en Bolivia y discute cómo las creencias ancestrales y el catolicismo determinan el entendimiento boliviano sobre la salud. También se toma en cuenta el rol de la salud mental en la migración interna y la tensión entre el estilo de vida rural y urbano. En base a mis experiencias en un centro de terapia alternativa y un hospital psiquiátrico católico, voy a comunicar algunas maneras en que se recibe e implementa la psicología occidental en la sociedad boliviana.

This paper explores mental health in Bolivia and discusses how both ancestral beliefs and …

Flip Cup: Problems Related To Alcohol Consumption In Modern China, Helen Lamm

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The habits and attitudes surrounding the consumption of alcohol, in any culture, are just another lens through which we can look to better understand social life. The hierarchical social systems in China, which dictate common behavior, are unique. Much work has been written on the topic of guanxiand face: the defining factors for China’s ubiquitous, self-affirming system of relationships. Drinking culture is perhaps more interesting to travel bloggers than academics, but I believe that China’s drinking culture is a direct practice in guanxi production. The darker side of China’s drinking culture is anexercise in preserving face.

The gap in …

Asessing The Implementation Of Hiv/Aids Programs Amongst Youth Fisherfolk: The Case Of Mbita, Kenya, Edward Ham

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Homa Bay, Nyanza Province has the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in Kenya (25.7%). Risky sexual behaviors are especially prevalent in fishing communities within this area. This study was conducted in Mbita, a sub-county of Homa Bay. The main objective was to determine which factors influence the implementation of HIV/AIDS programs amongst youth fisherfolk (ages 18-24) within beaches around Mbita. Data was collected through survey administration, key-informant interviews, and in depth interviews. The results highlight some interesting correlations, as well as a disturbing picture of the inequities females face within these fishing communities. Furthermore, a novel microclinic peer education HIV/AIDS program …

Deaf Or [Insert Ethnicity Here]? The Impact Of South African Sign Language And Deaf Community Membership On The Ethnic Identities Of Three Deaf Students In Cape Town, Leanna Quach

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

South African Sign Language (SASL) is the language used by most members of the Deaf community in South Africa. SASL, much like other signed languages, has a long history of development, acceptance, and non-acceptance. The history of SASL is undeniably intertwined and affected by the political history of South Africa. This article examines the relationship between ethnicity, language, and identity in the context of South African Sign Language and the Deaf community. It seeks to understand how the use of South African Sign Language as one’s main language affects one’s identity and their identification with their racial group. The article …

Increasing Physician Awareness Of And Referral To The National Diabetes Prevention Program (Dpp) Using Continuing Medical Education (Cme), Justin T. Kelley

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Importance: Diabetes is a growing public health threat. One in eleven individuals have diabetes and one in three individuals have prediabetes. Without intervention, 15-30% of individuals with prediabetes will develop diabetes within five years. The National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is proven to prevent or delay the development of diabetes in individuals with prediabetes.

Objective: A continuing medical education (CME) activity was created to increase physician awareness of and referral to the DPP. The goal was to promote the DPP among first-line treatments for prediabetes.

Methods: The types and requirements …