Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Pilot Project Of Art And Eating Disorders: A Self-Advocacy Campaign Through Video Narratives, Sarah Pray

Art Therapy Counseling Final Research Projects

This pilot project of Art and Eating Disorders was approved by The Emily Program Foundation (TEPF) (Emily Program Foundation, n.d.), a 501(c) (3) nonprofit working to eliminate eating disorders through advocacy, social outreach, and collaboration with community partners. TEPF recruited five artists. Artists were interviewed by Sarah Pray and artwork digitally recorded at various locations, filmed and edited by videographer, Eve Daniels. Artists brought artwork and other creative work related to their recovery. The resulting videos were uploaded to the TEPF website (www.theemilyprogramfoundation.org) weekly. The goal of the pilot project was to measure the project's ability to document …

Molecular Basis And Consequences Of The Cytochrome C-Trna Interaction., Cuiping Liu, Aaron J Stonestrom, Thomas Christian, Jeongsik Yong, Ryuichi Takase, Ya-Ming Hou, Xiaolu Yang

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The intrinsic apoptosis pathway occurs through the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytosol, where it promotes activation of the caspase family of proteases. The observation that tRNA binds to cytochrome c revealed a previously unexpected mode of apoptotic regulation. However, the molecular characteristics of this interaction, and its impact on each interaction partner, are not well understood. Using a novel fluorescence assay, we show here that cytochrome c binds to tRNA with an affinity comparable with other tRNA-protein binding interactions and with a molecular ratio of ∼3:1. Cytochrome c recognizes the tertiary structural features of tRNA, particularly in …

El Alisal (Bernal) - Diseños, Glo No. 265, Monterey County, And Associated Historical Documents.

Individual Ranchos in Monterey and SLO Counties

Diseños - Hand-drawn Spanish-Mexican map demonstrating the physical boundaries of land granted to Mexican citizens by the Spanish or Mexican.

Expediente – Hand-written Spanish-Mexican land grant document issued to Mexican citizens in Alta California for land in Alta-California.

Work Progress Administration Abstract (WPA Abstract) – A summary document prepared in 1938 under the Work Progress Administration program detailing the history of a rancho beginning with the Spanish-American land through the U.S. patenting process.

Hornbeck Rancho Detail Sheet (AKA Detail Sheet) – A summary sheet generated from a land patent database that details the history of a rancho, along with the …

The Health And Well-Being Of Older Adults With Dual Sensory Impairment (Dsi) In Four Countries, Dawn M. Guthrie, Anja Declercq, Harriet Finne-Soveri, Brant E. Fries, John P. Hirdes

Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications

Objectives

Dual sensory impairment (DSI) is a combination of vision and hearing impairments that represents a unique disability affecting all aspects of a person’s life. The rates of DSI are expected to increase due to population aging, yet little is known about DSI among older adults (65+). The prevalence of DSI and client characteristics were examined among two groups, namely, older adults receiving home care services or those residing in a long-term care (LTC) facility in four countries (Canada, US, Finland, Belgium).

Methods

Existing data, using an interRAI assessment, were analyzed to compare older adults with DSI to all others …

Rest, My Dear, Seher Chowhan

be Still

This is a painting of one of my best friends, Heba. It is from a night when a couple of us were hanging out at my house in high school. Heba was resting on my bed while we were talking and she was caught totally unaware when the picture was taken. She is Muslim (we both are) and Egyptian. Her religion is very important to her, as you can see by the fact she is wearing her hijab. She was so beautiful that I had to paint her. Though she is completely covered, the pictures shows her in a state …

Bliss, Nergess Taheri

be Still

On a mission trip last year to Ecuador while I was waiting for the next surgery to begin I was able to capture this moment. The surgeon I was working with had leaned in to reassure the patient that he would be OK. You can truly see the love she has for her patient and the trust the boy has in her as his surgeon. This piece shows the true female form as a physician in her natural environment.

Determining A Protocol: Rate Versus Rhythm Control In Atrial Fibrillation - A Quality Of Life Study., Samuel Dogbey, Marlea Lee

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

In the United States alone, approximately 6 million people are estimated to have atrial fibrillation (AF)1. Those with AF are at a dangerously high risk for the development of stroke and/or death from emboli that form secondary to the deadly arrhythmia. Much controversy exists in the medical field surrounding the best way to treat AF to reduce both the associated morbidity and mortality. This study sought to bring clarity to the controversy by analyzing clinical trials comparing rhythm control vs. rate control of atrial fibrillation. Three studies were used to evaluate which method better increased quality of life for those …

White Blood Cell Count Versus Temperature As Predictors Of Pediatric Bacteremia, Ashley Ashby, Loren Moscinski

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Introduction: Although the prevalence of bacteremia has largely declined with the development of the Haemophilus Influenza Type b (Hib) and pneumococcal vaccines, it continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Thus, it is crucial to differentiate bacteremia from other illnesses via the clinical picture and laboratory test results. Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine whether there is a clinically significant difference between temperature and white blood cell (WBC) count as determinants of bacteremia in the pediatric population. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted utilizing the following terms and filters: temperature, WBC, pediatrics, …

Are Electronic Cigarettes The Solution To Smoking Cessation?, Heather L. Walsh, Audrey L. Mcmurray

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objectives: Little is known regarding the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as therapy to aid in smoking cessation. Many hypothesize that e-cigarettes are equally as effective or more effective than alternate smoking cessation therapies. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence on effectiveness of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation and quitting behavior as compared to other smoking cessation therapies, or no therapy at all.

Methods: Searches were done in PubMed utilizing the terms “electronic cigarettes” and “smoking cessation” [MeSH terms]. In PubMed, the following filters limits were used: published in the last 5 years, human species, …

Novel Reversal Agents For Non-Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants, Kimberly Hoilman, Melanie Reyer

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Background Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants have become an appealing alternative treatment for the prevention of stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and in treatment of venous thromboembolism. The major limitation to the use of these drugs is the lack of reversal agents. The purpose of this review is to investigate the development and efficacy of novel agents for reversal of NOACs. Methods Two separate literature searches were conducted in the PubMed database using the terms “prothrombin complex concentrate” and “idarucizumab”, respectively. Only in vivo clinical trials involving human subjects within the last five years were included for possible analysis. Studies with …

Fecal Transplant Vs Vancomycin For Recurrent Clostridium Diffile, Lauren M. Taylor, Todd E. Edwards

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To compare fecal transplant and vancomycin in the treatment of recurrent clostridium difficile to determine which has the higher cure rate. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and TRIP database using the search terms “recurrent clostridium difficile.” Filters were implemented in the Pubmed database including: randomized control trials, English, and published in the past 5 years. Records were screened for RCT with fecal transplant and full-text. Results: van Nood et al. revealed an initial cure rate of 81% for the infusion group, and a re-treated cure rate of 94%, compared to the vancomycin alone group of 31% …

Autograft Versus Allograft Failure In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Of Young Athletic Patients, Doug J. Cohrs, Marissa Wollak

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To determine if the type of graft, autograft versus allograft, contributes to graft failure in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in young active patients. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Searches were done in PubMed and Google Scholar, utilizing the terms anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, allografts and autografts. In PubMed the following filters and terms were used: published in the last 5 years, humans, cohort, randomized control trial, meta-analysis, and English. Results: The Pallis et al study was included because it compared allograft and autograft reconstruction in active, military cadets. The Li et al study was included because it …

Comparing Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors And Warfarin In The Prevention Of Stroke In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation, Alessandra Lof, Stephanie Pillai

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To evaluate the overall efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of treatment with direct factor Xa inhibitors as compared to warfarin in the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods: A quantitative meta-analysis was performed on three separate studies, each of which evaluated the efficacy and safety outcomes of a direct factor Xa inhibitor versus warfarin in preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The direct factor Xa inhibitors that were evaluated included apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban. Results: The direct factor Xa inhibitors were found to be as effective, and in some cases more effective, than …

Routine Screening For Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Is It For Everyone?, Catherine E. Nowak

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: Determine whether routine abdominal ultrasound screening in all men ages 65 and over, not just those who are symptomatic or at risk, would be beneficial in reducing the mortality rate from abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: The clinical question investigated is whether routine ultrasound screening of AAA for men over age 65 reduces AAA-related mortality as compared to not routinely screening. Searches were done through PubMed using the keywords: screening, abdominal aortic aneurysm, reduce, and mortality. Citations used by the USPSTF AAA screening guidelines were also added to the literature search. In PubMed, further limitations …

Effect Of Early Intervention With Combination Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (Harvoni®) In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Jamie Taylor, Caitlin Johnson, Sharon Maiewski, Susan Adamson, Joey Powers

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

In the United States, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common bloodborne infection with an estimated prevalence of 3.2 million people. Although new cases of HCV are declining since the 1980s there are still approximately 17,000 new cases diagnosed each year.

There are multiple risk factors, however, in the United States the most common mode of transmission is intravenous drug use. Among infected individuals, approximately 55-85% will develop a chronic HCV infection. In this population, the risk of cirrhosis of the liver is 15-30% within 20 years and morbidity can be significant. HCV infection has become the most frequent …

Manual Vs. Mechanical Chest Compressions In Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Ellie J. Tansey, Jesse B. Kalhorn, Abigail Hubble

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: The objective was to conduct an analysis of literature that examined whether the use of mechanical vs. manual chest compressions results in outcomes (e.g. quality of CPR, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), neurologic outcome, survival) that are significantly increased or decreased in adults that experienced out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: Systematic searches were conducted through the James Madison University Library. The inclusion criteria included human adults that experienced out of hospital cardiac arrest that were treated by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) with and/or without a mechanical chest compression device. Results: A statistically significant difference was not found …

Disordered Eating Behaviors In Collegiate Athletes, Kelly M. Schatzlein

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract

Intervention(s): Data was collected using an online Qualtrics survey with a number of questions on demographics, sports participation, disordered eating and body dissatisfaction.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Means, standard deviations, and frequencies for all demographic information. Independent t-tests were conducted to compare: differences in disordered eating and body dissatisfaction between higher and lower performers.

Results: Higher performing athletes were not at greater risk of disordered eating or eating disorders (P>.05). No significant difference was found between higher and lower performers on EDE-Q average score, BSQ average score, or EDE-Q subscales. There was no difference found among cross-country …

Nutritional And Physical Activity Behaviors Of Certified Athletic Trainers In The Collegiate Setting, Danielle M. Scanlon

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract

Objective: To determine if collegiate athletic trainers meet the current national recommendations for a healthy weight, diet and physical activity.

Design: The research was a cross-sectional design consisting of a self-constructed survey formulated using the 2010 Dietary Guidelines and 2009 Academy of Sports Medicine Physical Activity Recommendations.

Subjects: One- thousand randomly selected athletic trainers were contacted to participate. One-hundred and five participants (10.5% return rate) completed the survey. All were District 3 members of the National Athletic Trainers Association.

Measurements: Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using participant self-reported height and weight data. Means and frequencies were computed for …

A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet Combined With Six Weeks Of Crossfit Training Improves Body Composition And Performance, Rachel M. Gregory

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is a popular approach to weight and fat loss. CrossFit is a high-intensity power training (HIPT) type exercise for all levels of age and fitness that has gained recognition as one of the fasting growing sports in America. No previous research has been found which examines body composition changes or performance in individuals consuming a LCKD and participating in CrossFit training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week LCKD and CrossFit program on body composition and performance. METHODS: Twenty-seven non-elite CrossFit subjects (mean ± SD age = …

Improving Clinical Outcome In Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, Elizabeth P. Thompson, Elise Shellenberger

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: Review two studies that assess alcohol septal ablation (ASA) and surgical myectomy as treatment options for patients with drug refractory hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Background: Controversy exists regarding these two forms of treatment for HCOM. Design: Two observational cohort studies. Methods: A search was done on PubMed, utilizing the terms “hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,” “alcohol septal ablation,” and “myectomy.” The following limits were used: published in the last 15 years, humans, English, and comparative studies. Results: Study One showed that the patients undergoing ASA had a lower periprocedural complication frequency compared to those undergoing myectomy (14% [22 of 161] versus 28% …

Vitamin D Supplementation: Preventing Fractures, Courtney L. Carn, Michael S. Doherty

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To assess the ability of vitamin D supplementation in preventing musculoskeletal fractures. Methods: Systematic literature review using Google Scholar search terms “vitamin D supplementation” and “preventing hip fractures” from 2006-2015. Only RCTs, meta-analysis, and clinical guidelines were included. Results: Our search resulted in one meta-analysis and two randomized controlled trials. Conclusion: The summation of our investigation into vitamin D deficiency and the presence of musculoskeletal fractures has proven to be relatively inconclusive. The resulting data from our three studies did not provide any definitive proof that improved vitamin D levels correlates with better bone health.

Platelet Rich Plasma Vs. Corticosteroid Injections In Treatment Of Tendinopathies, Jennifer Hoskins, Sallie Elliott

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

This paper is a systematic review that compares corticosteroid injections and platelet rich plasma as possible treatments for lateral epicondylitis as well as plantar fasciitis. Studies were found through PubMed utilizing the terms platelet rich plasma and corticosteroids. Articles that did not compare the two treatments modalities or that included patients younger than 19 were excluded from the review. The results from the chosen studies were interpreted and compared to deduce the best treatment for lateral epicondylitis and plantar fasciitis. In conclusion, this research will provide valuable evidence for why platelet rich plasma is equivalent to if not better than …

Universal Screening For Hypercholesterolemia In Primary Care, Erin M. Beck

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Release From Masking: Behavioral And Physiological Masking Level Differences, Sarah L. Hodgson

Dissertations, 2014-2019

Binaural hearing offers several advantages over monaural hearing and is believed to be one factor that is involved in the ability to understand speech in background noise. Binaural hearing involves analysis of interaural timing and intensity differences in signals arriving at the two ears which provides listeners with sound localization cues as well as signal in noise detection. When sounds arrive at each ear at slightly different times, there may be a release from the effects of background noise, allowing listeners to detect softer sounds in noise. Masking Level Differences (MLDs) have been widely used to evaluate behavioral binaural processing. …

Prepulse Inhibition Of The Acoustic Startle Reflex To Obtain A Psychometric Function In Mice, Robyn Browne

Dissertations, 2014-2019

The acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is an automated motor response to an unexpected and intense auditory stimulus (Ouagazzal, Reiss, & Romand, 2006). When an audible ‘prepulse’ stimulus is presented before the intense, startle-evoking stimulus (SES); the startle reflex response is reduced and this is known as prepulse inhibition (PPI). The degree of ASR inhibition serves as a measure of the behavioral salience of the prepulse (Carlson & Willott, 1996). This study aimed to obtain a psychometric function from the amount of PPI of the ASR that resulted from varying intensity levels of a prepulse stimulus (PPS).

Twelve mice were used …

Wideband Acoustic Immittance And Dpoae Changes In Older Adults, Mandy M. Williams

Dissertations, 2014-2019

This study examined the effect of middle ear aging in adults using wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) measures. WAI and traditional 226 Hz tympanometry were measured in 25 young adult ears (ages 18-25) and 26 older adult ears (ages 50-71) with normal middle ear status. While minimal differences between older and younger adults were observed with 226 Hz tympanometry, significant age effects were seen with WAI measures. The older adults demonstrated a statistically significant increase in middle ear absorbance at lower frequencies (226-1,260 Hz) and decreased absorbance at higher frequencies (4,000-5,040 Hz) compared to the younger adult group. While the effect …

The Effect Of Auditory Fatigue On Reaction Time In Normal Hearing Listeners At Different Signal To Noise Ratios, Haley Athey

Dissertations, 2014-2019

This study examined the effect of listening fatigue on the reaction time of young, normal hearing listeners at +5 and +10 dB signal to noise ratio. Reaction time was measured in a single task paradigm on twenty listeners (ages 19-30 years) before and after a fatigue-inducing listening task. The participants also completed a subjective rating questionnaire at the two intervals. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the reaction times before and after listening fatigue. However, for a subgroup of stimuli (nonsense syllables ending with consonants) the reaction time was 52 msec longer after listening fatigue. The participants …

The Effect Of Sex And Footwear On Dynamic Changes During The Loaded Barbell Back Squat, Ameera N. Teal

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of sex and footwear on 3D kinematics, power output, and plantar pressure distribution during the loaded barbell back squat. METHODS: Eleven (four male, seven female) recreationally-active individuals completed six sets of three repetitions of the loaded barbell back squat at 60% of their measured 1RM. Using a randomized counterbalanced crossover design, one set was completed in each of the three footwear conditions – weightlifting shoes (WLS), running shoes (RS) and minimalist shoes (MS) – and 3D kinematics, ground reaction force (GRF), and plantar pressure distribution were collected. A two-way …

Prescription Strength Ibuprofen Interferes With Prophylactic Adaptations To Heavy Exercise, Jessica Ehrbar

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: This proof of concept study was designed to assess the influence of prescription-strength Ibuprofen (IBU) on the repeated bout effect (RBE) of heavy exercise. METHODS: Eight males (23 ± 4 yrs) with no recent history of lower-body resistance training completed two separate testing phases separated by a seven-day washout period. Each phase consisted of two sessions of single-legged resistance exercise (RE), performed on the same leg, separated by ten days. One RE trial included 10 sets of 10 repetitions of maximal unilateral eccentric leg extensions at 120% 1RM. Each phase was characterized by a distinct treatment of either 800mg …

The Effect Of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Hemostasis In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients, Ryan A. Martin

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: To determine the hemostatic response after acute aerobic exercise in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Methods: Eighteen males were recruited from the university and local community. Individuals who presented evidence of cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease were excluded. Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 5 was criteria for OSA. Subjects performed a treadmill exercise test at 35% and 70% predicted VO₂reserve during the morning hours. Pre exercise blood samples were obtained after 15 minutes supine rest and within two minutes following exercise. Repeated Measures ANOVA were performed for Factor VIII antigen, tPA antigen, tPA activity, and PAI-1 activity across two time …