Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Social Disruption And Physical Limitation Related To Quality Of Life Of Adolescents With Asthma, Jennifer L. Baumgardner

Kaleidoscope

During adolescence, teenagers experience many physical, emotional, and social changes. Teenagers with chronic conditions, however, may face challenges in normal adolescent development because their illness can impact body image, independence, and peer socialization. Little is known about the effect of asthma on adolescent quality of life (QOL). In this paper, I review the existing literature on social disruption and physical limitations related to asthma and the subsequent impact on adolescent asthma QOL. In addition, adolescent issues leading to poor control of asthma symptoms and interventions to improve asthma QOL for adolescents are addressed.

Role Of Cytoskeletal Dynamics In Platelet Arf6 Activation, Brett Taylor Begley

Kaleidoscope

Platelets undergo morphological changes upon activation, such as shape change and aggregation. These changes are known to be the result of actin remodeling, whereas the role of microtubule remodeling has been controversial. The objective of this study was to re-examine the role of actin and microtubule dynamics in platelet function. We used aggregometry to measure the effect of cytoskeletal inhibitors on platelet shape change, aggregation, and dense core release. Microtubule assembly was found to have no role in platelet function, because treatment with vinblastine or nocodazole had no effect on shape change, aggregation, or secretion. Microtubule disassembly was necessary for …

Fall 2015

Scientia

Prairie prep; Chicago Wildsounds listens for ecosystem health; Up, up and away; Fulbright Travelogue: Health care in Fortaleza, Brazil; New course explores the Pope's encyclical on the environment; A "scent-sational" career in the flavor and fragrance industry; Lab notes; Paying tribute

Updates On Psoriasis And Cutaneous Oncology: Proceedings From The 2015 Mauiderm Meeting., Bruce Strober

Articles - Patient Care

The MauiDerm annual educational meeting, sponsored by Advances in Cosmetic and Medical Dermatology, aims to increase physician knowledge in the areas of both medical and cosmetic dermatology. MauiDerm’s world-renowned experts have discussed significant advances in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of both medical and cosmetic dermatologic conditions at a very high scientific level. This supplement to The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology is based upon the proceedings from the cutaneous oncology, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis sessions that took place at the 2015 MauiDerm Meeting.

Phosphorylation State-Dependent Interaction Between Akap7Δ/Γ And Phospholamban Increases Phospholamban Phosphorylation., Marc Rigatti, Andrew V. Le, Claire Gerber, Ion I. Moraru, Kimberly L. Dodge-Kafka

UCHC Articles - Research

Changes in heart rate and contractility in response to sympathetic stimulation occur via activation of cAMP dependent protein kinase A (PKA), leading to phosphorylation of numerous substrates that alter Ca²⁺ cycling. Phosphorylation of these substrates is coordinated by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), which recruit PKA to specific substrates [1]. Phosphorylation of the PKA substrate phospholamban (PLB) is a critical determinant of Ca²⁺ re-entry into the sarcoplasmic reticulum and is coordinated by AKAP7δ/γ [2,3]. Here, we further these findings by showing that phosphorylation of PLB requires interaction with AKAP7δ/γ and that this interaction …

Faculty Fellows 2015-2016, Place

PLACE Historical Documents

This document provides biographies of PLACE faculty fellows at Linfield College for 2015-2016.

Air, Water, Earth, And Fire: The Ancient Elements On A Changing Planet, Place

PLACE Historical Documents

This document explains the PLACE theme at Linfield College for 2015-2016 (Air, Water, Earth, and Fire: The Ancient Elements on a Changing Planet).

Impact Evaluation Of A Policy Intervention For Hiv Prevention In Washington, Dc, Monica S. Ruiz, Allison O'Rourke, Sean T. Allen

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Syringe exchange programs (SEPs) lower HIV risk. From 1998 to 2007, Congress prohibited Washington, DC, from using municipal revenue for SEPs. We examined the impact of policy change on IDU-associated HIV cases. We used surveillance data for new IDU-associated HIV cases between September 1996 and December 2011 to build an ARIMA model and forecasted the expected number of IDU-associated cases in the 24 months following policy change. Interrupted time series analyses (ITSA) were used to assess epidemic impact of policy change. There were 176 IDU-associated HIV cases in the 2 years post-policy change; our model predicted 296 IDU-associated HIV cases …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 17 No. 5 (September-October 2015), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants For The Prevention Of Stroke In Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Understanding Differences And Similarities., Paul P. Dobesh, John Fanikos

Journal Articles: Pharmacy Practice

The presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly increases the risk for stroke. Current guidelines recommend that the vitamin K antagonist warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), such as the approved direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran and the approved direct factor Xa inhibitors apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban, should be used for thromboprophylaxis in patients with nonvalvular AF at risk for stroke or systemic embolic events (SEE). Warfarin, the mainstay of stroke prevention in AF, increases the risk of major bleeding. Furthermore, warfarin therapy comes with several limitations including frequent monitoring and the need for dose adjustments, …

Smartphone Mobile Application To Enhance Diagnosis Of Skin Cancer: A Guide For The Rural Practitioner, Shane E. Cook, Louis C. Palmer Md, Franklin D. Shuler Md, Phd

MIIR Faculty Research

Primary care physicians occupy a vital position to impact many devastating conditions, especially those dependent upon early diagnosis, such as skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States and despite improvements in skin cancer therapy, patients with a delay in diagnosis and advanced disease continue to have a grave prognosis. Due to a variety of barriers, advanced stages of skin cancer are more prominent in rural populations. In order to improve early diagnosis four things are paramount: increased patient participation in prevention methods, establishment of screening guidelines, increased diagnostic accuracy of malignant lesions, and easier …

Challenges And Opportunities For T Cell-Mediated Strategies To Eliminate Hiv Reservoirs, Mark A. Brockman, R. Brad Jones, Zabrina L. Brumme

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

HIV’s ability to establish latent reservoirs of reactivation-competent virus is the major barrier to cure. “Shock and kill” methods consisting of latency reversing agents (LRAs) followed by elimination of reactivating cells through cytopathic effects are under active development. However, the clinical efficacy of LRAs remains to be established. Moreover, recent studies indicate that reservoirs may not be reduced efficiently by either viral cytopathic or CD8+ T-cell-mediated mechanisms. In this perspective, we highlight challenges to T-cell-mediated elimination of HIV reservoirs, including characteristics of responding T-cells, aspects of the cellular reservoirs and properties of the latent virus itself. We also discuss potential …

Jan Van Der Noordaa (1934-2015); A Virologist Pur Sang., Ben Berkhout, Michael Bukrinsky

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Near Misses And Unsafe Conditions Reported In A Pediatric Emergency Research Network, Richard M. Ruddy, James M. Chamberlain, Prashant V. Mahajan, Tomohiko Funai, Karen J. O'Connell, Et Al.

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective Patient safety may be enhanced by using reports from front-line staff of near misses and unsafe conditions to identify latent safety events. We describe paediatric emergency department (ED) near-miss events and unsafe conditions from hospital reporting systems in a 1-year observational study from hospitals participating in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN).

Design This is a secondary analysis of 1 year of incident reports (IRs) from 18 EDs in 2007–2008. Using a prior taxonomy and established method, this analysis is of all reports classified as near-miss (events not reaching the patient) or unsafe condition. Classification included type, …

How Clinicians Feel About Working With Spouses Of The Chronically Ill, Douglas Ingram

NYMC Faculty Publications

Clinicians who provide psychotherapy to spouses or partners of the chronically ill were solicited through listserves of psychodynamic and other organizations. The current report excluded those therapists working with spouses of dementia patients. Interviews were conducted with clinicians who responded. The interviews highlight the challenges commonly encountered by psychotherapeutic work with this cohort of therapy patients. A comparison is drawn that shows both overlap and distinctions between the experiences of those therapists engaging with spouses of chronically ill patients without a dementing process and those working with spouses of chronically ill patients who do suffer from a dementing process.

Discovering Distinct Functional Modules Of Specific Cancer Types Using Protein-Protein Interaction Networks., Ru Shen, Xiaosheng Wang, Chittibabu Guda

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

Background. The molecular profiles exhibited in different cancer types are very different; hence, discovering distinct functional modules associated with specific cancer types is very important to understand the distinct functions associated with them. Protein-protein interaction networks carry vital information about molecular interactions in cellular systems, and identification of functional modules (subgraphs) in these networks is one of the most important applications of biological network analysis. Results. In this study, we developed a new graph theory based method to identify distinct functional modules from nine different cancer protein-protein interaction networks. The method is composed of three major steps: (i) extracting modules …

Premedical Programs Newsletter, September 2015, University Of Dayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

Newsletter for students, staff, and faculty in the premedical and predental programs.

A Comparison Of The Push-Out Bond Strength Between Dual Polymerized Core Build-Up Composite And Total-Etch Resin Luting Cement For Prefabricated Fiber Post, Maytinee Vivathanasittiphong, Napapa Aimjirakul, Teerachai Limlawan

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Objectives: Compare the push-out bond strength of a dual-cured core build-up resin composite and dual-cured resin cement using total-etch adhesive for bonding fiber post to root canal dentin. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted single-rooted human premolars were sectioned transversely in mesiodistal direction 2 mm coronal to cementoenamel junction, standard endodontically treated, post space prepared and randomly divided into two groups (n=30). Group 1 fiber posts were luted with a total-etch resin cement (Variolink® II) and group 2 were luted with a composite resin core build-up material (Luxacore® Z-Dual) using total-etch adhesive system. All roots were cut transversely into 3 sections …

ผลของสารคอนดิชันเนอร์ทีมีต่อความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนระยะแรกของเรซินมอดิฟายด์กลาสไอโอโนเมอร์ต่อเคลือบฟัน, ณัฐพร เลาห์ทวีรุ่งเรือง, ไพบูลย์ เตชะเลิศไพศาล

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาผลของการปรับสภาพผิวฟันด้วยสารคอนดิชันเนอร์ต่าง ๆ ต่อความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนในช่วงแรกของเรซินมอดิฟายด์กลาสไอโอโนเมอร์ต่อเคลือบฟัน วัสดุและวิธีการ แบ่งฟันกรามน้อย 55 ปี ออกเป็น 5 กลุ่ม โดยกลุ่ม 1-4 (กลุ่มทดลอง) ยึดติดแบร็กเกตด้วย สารยึดติดเรซินมอดิฟายด์กลาสไอโอโนเมอร์ (Fuji Ortho LC) โดยสารคอนดิชันเนอร์แต่ละกลุ่มดังนี้ กลุ่ม 1 ไม่ ใช้สารคอนดิชันเนอร์ กลุ่ม 2 กรดพอลิอะคริลิกเข้มข้นร้อยละ 20 กลุ่ม 3 กรดฟอสฟอริกเข้มข้นร้อยละ 37 กลุ่ม 4 สารเซลฟ์เอชชิงไพร์มเมอร์ (Transbond Plus SEP) กลุ่ม 5 (กลุ่มควบคุม) กรดฟอสฟอริกและสารยึดติดเรซิน คอมโพสิต (Transbonds XT) นําตัวอย่างกลุ่มละ 10 ชิ้นไปวัดความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนภายหลังการฉายแสง 5 นาที โดยเครื่องทดสอบสากล บันทึกค่าความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนที่ทําให้แบร์กเกตหลุดออกจากผิวฟัน คํานวณหา ค่าเฉลี่ยและส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ทําการเปรียบเทียบระหว่างกลุ่มด้วยค่าสถิติการวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวนแบบ ทางเดียว วัดค่าการเหลืออยู่ของสารยึดติดบนตัวฟันด้วยค่าดัชนีการเหลืออยู่ของสารยึดติด ทดสอบด้วยค่าสถิติ ไคสแควร์ ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่นร้อยละ 95 ส่วนตัวอย่างอีกกลุ่มละ 1 ชิ้นนําไปศึกษาการยึดติดระหว่างสารยึดติด และเคลือบฟันด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์อิเล็กตรอนแบบส่องกราด ผลการศึกษาค่าเฉลี่ยและส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐานของความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนของกลุ่ม 1 2 3 4 และ 5 เท่ากับ 8.4 12.0 10.8 + 0.7 14.6 + 3.0 13.7 + 1.7 และ 21.5 + 4.0 เมกะปาสคาล ตามลําดับ ไม่พบความแตกต่างอย่างมี นัยสําคัญของค่าเฉลี่ยความแข็งแรงพันธะเฉือนระหว่างกลุ่มที่ 3 และ 4 (p = 0.433) ค่าดัชนีการเหลืออยู่ของสารยึด ติดสัมพันธ์กับชนิดของสารคอนดิชันเนอร์ …

Challenges In Complete Denture Fabrication: Opinions And Experiences Of Postgraduate Students, Kultida Raksinkant, Napa Sukjai Suansuwan, Waranuch Pitiphat

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Objectives Limited information is available on prosthodontic postgraduate studentsû views regarding complete denture education. This study aimed to investigate the opinions and experiences of Thai prosthodontic postgraduate students toward complete denture laboratory practice. Materials and methods A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to all dentists who currently enrolled in prosthodontic postgraduate programs in Thailand during the academic year 2012. The questionnaire consisted of close-and open-ended questions on opinions and experiences related to laboratory work in complete denture fabrication. Results The response rate was 95 percent. Majority indicated that, among all laboratory procedures, posterior teeth arrangement was the most difficult (82%), most …

Fluid Emerging From Etched And Unetched Dentin Surface Under Carious Lesions In Primary Mandibular Second Molars, Monsiri Nardkosa, Varisara Sirimaharaj, Sitthichai Wanachantararak

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Background: Only a limited number of reports existed about fluid flow through dentin in primary teeth, none of them were studied in carious dentin in vivo. Objectives: To study the dentinal fluid flow on both etched and unetched dentin surfaces beneath carious lesions of vital primary mandibular and second molars by using impression and replica technique. Materials and Methods: Thirty primary lower second molars were included in this study. They were divided into 3 groups according to the depth of the carious lesions. The teeth were anesthetized with 3% plain mepivacaine. Caries was removed with standard procedure. A silicone impression …

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Angleûs Class I And Iii Occlusal Relationship In Thais With Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis, Jaijam Suwanwela, Virunpat Nitipong, Naruborn Ongprakobkul

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Objective To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that associated with different occlusal relationship in a group of Thai population. Materials and Methods One hundred and sixty unrelated Thai subjects†who participated†in Ramathibodi GWAS study for thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (TTPP) (Jongjaroenprasert, 2012) were selected. The subjects that were 20 years old and above with at least a pair of untilted permanent first molars or canines were selected from these subjects. Seventeen subjects met these criteria in our study.† Angleûs/canine classification of subjects were observed† both intraorally and from diagnostic models. Eight hundred and sixty four† human active SNPs from 28 related …

ประสิทธิภาพของอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อ ไมติส ซาลิวาเรียส แบซิทราซิน อะการ์ ที่จัดเก็บไว้นาน 4 สัปดาห์ในการแยกเชื้อ มิวแทนส์ สเตร็ปโตคอคไค ในน้ำลายมนุษย์, บรรเจิด ยะพงศ์, ศิษฎา ตันนุกิจ, สุวรรณา จิตภักดีบดินทร์

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อเปรียบเทียบประสิทธิภาพของอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อไมติส ซาลิวาเรียส แบซิทราชิน อะการ์ ที่เตรียม เก็บไว้นาน 1, 3 และ 4 สัปดาห์ วัสดุและวิธีการ เก็บน้ําลายโดยใช้พาราฟินเป็นตัวกระตุ้นจากอาสาสมัคร 20 คน แล้วนําไปเพาะเลี้ยงเชื้อบน อาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อไมติส ซาลิวาเรียส อะการ์ และ ไม่ติส ซาลิวาเรียส แบซิทราซิน อะการ์ ที่เตรียมเก็บไว้นาน 1, 3 และ 4 สัปดาห์ โดยวิธีสเปรดเพลท ผลการศึกษา จํานวนมิวแทนส์ สเตร็ปโตคอคไค ที่เจริญบนอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อไมติส ซาลิวาเรียส แบซิทราซิน อะการ์ เก็บที่อุณหภูมิ 4 องศาเซลเซียสเป็นระยะเวลา 1, 3 และ 4 สัปดาห์ มีจํานวนเชื้อและลักษณะโคโลนีไม่แตกต่างกัน และไม่พบการเจริญของเชื้อสปีชีส์อื่น เชื้อที่เลี้ยงบนอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อที่ไม่มีแบซิทราซินมีจํานวนสูงกว่าอาหารเลี้ยง เชื้อที่มีแบซิทราซินอย่างมีนัยสําคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) สรุป อาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อไมติส ซาลิวาเรียส แบซิทราซิน อะการ์ สามารถเก็บที่อุณหภูมิ 4 องศาเซลเซียสได้นานถึง 4 สัปดาห์ โดยไม่สูญเสียคุณสมบัติของการเป็นอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อจําเพาะสําหรับเชื้อกลุ่มมิวแทนส์ สเตร็ปโตคอคไค (ว ทันต จุฬาฯ 2558;38:177-184)

Incidence And Pattern Of Lethal Congenital Anomalies In South Dakota, 2006-2013, Wei Bai, Bonny Specker

Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications

In 2012, South Dakota ranked 50th in the US in infant mortality and reducing infant mortality is a public health priority in South Dakota. Congenital anomalies are the most common cause of infant death and represent about one fourth of the total infant deaths between 2006 and 2013 in South Dakota. We used information from vital records (birth and death certificates) to describe the incidence and pattern of major congenital anomalies in South Dakota among infant deaths.

Wdph Summer Internship Report, Samantha Arsenault

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

The Mosakowski Institute is working with the Worcester Division of Public Health (DPH) in an effort that merges classroom skills and real world experience to improve the health of the Greater Worcester community. During the summer of 2015, thirteen Clark students interned with the DPH working on five projects that advanced goals of the Community Health Improvement Plans in the areas of healthy eating and activing living; substance abuse and mental health; health equity and health disparities; violence prevention, and more. More information about the summer 2015 internship projects can be found in the report.

Student Educational Background, Perceptions And Expectations Towards Optometry: An Emerging Eye Health Profession Mozambique., James Loughman, Ving Fai Chan, Vanessa Raquel Moodley, Luigi Bilotto, Kovin Naidoo

Articles

Background: The University of Lurio, School of Optometry in Mozambique is a new program in Africa. The school, the first to serve Portuguese-speaking Africa, can act as a template for such initiatives in other African countries and other limited-resource settings around the world. A major challenge facing such programs is the lack of knowledge about the profession, which impacts the recruitment of students and their expectations of the program. This study was conducted to understand students’ pre-enrollment educational background, perceptions and career expectations as an optometrist in Mozambique so as to inform future enrollment and other similar initiatives. Methods: First-year …

The Tri-State Experience: Outcome Analysis Of Patients With Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treated At Marshall University, Laurie Matt Md, Mph, Mohammad Mozayen Md, Todd W. Gress Md, Maria Tria Tirona Md

Internal Medicine

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women in the United States. It is the second most common malignancy to cause death, with approximately 39,000 women dying of breast cancer in the United States in 2013. Triple negative breast cancer is defined as the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 receptors. It has been associated with a higher incidence in African American women, a younger age and a more advanced stage at diagnosis, and an inferior overall survival. To recognize the differences of our West Virginia community population when compared to the national …

Clostridium Difficile Infections Before And During Use Of Ultraviolet Disinfection, Aarathi Nagaraja, Paul Visintainer, Janet P. Haas, Jonathan Menz, Gary P. Wormser, Marisa A. Montecalvo

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: We previously reported a significant decrease in hospital-acquired (HA) Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) coincident with the introduction of pulsed xenon ultraviolet light for room disinfection (UVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate CDI cases in greater detail to understand the effect of UVD. METHODS: CDI rates (HA and community acquired [CA]), CDI patient length of stay, room occupancy, and number of days between a CDI case in a room and an HA CDI case in the same room were studied for the first year of UVD compared with the 1-year period pre-UVD. RESULTS: Compared with pre-UVD, during …

Household Bush Burning Practice And Related Respiratory Symptoms In Grenada, The Caribbean, Muge Akpinar-Elci, Kareem Coomansingh, James Blando, Larissa Mark

Center for Global Health Publications

The practice of household bush burning in Grenada occurs frequently, though it is not well documented. The effects of the emissions from bush burning on respiratory health of the population have never been researched in Grenada. The goal of the study was to measure the frequency of bush burning and to investigate the relationship between bush burning practice and respiratory health in Grenada. In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was used to gather information from households in the parishes of St. George and St. Andrew, Grenada. In total, 225 participants were recruited and their responses on household bush burning and …

Himmelfarb Headlines - September/October 2015, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Headlines (2009 - present)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users. Includes articles on Overleaf collaboration tool, video resources at Himmelfarb, and profiles on Brian McDonald and Leighton Ku.