Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Clinical Isolates Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Agona Producing Ndm-1 Metallo-Beta-Lactamase: First Report From Pakistan, Seema Irfan, Erum Khan, Kauser Jabeen, Pushpa Bhawan, Katie L. Hopkins, Martin Day, Amna Nasir, Daniele Meunier, Neil Woodford

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

We report two cases of infantile diarrhea due to multidrug-resistant, NDM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Agona from Pakistan. This study alerts toward possible risk of NDM-1 transmission to enteric fever pathogens and encourages microbiologists to consider active screening of carbapenem resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates.

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Clinicopathologic And Risk Stratification Study Of 255 Cases From Pakistan And Review Of Literature, Nasir Ud Din, Zubair Ahmad, Huma Arshad, Romana Idrees, Naila Kayani

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Purpose:
To describe the clinicopathological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) diagnosed in our section and to perform risk stratification of our cases by assigning them to specific risk categories and groups for disease progression based on proposals by Fletcher et al and Miettinen and Lasota.
Material and Results:
We retrieved 255 cases of GIST diagnosed between 2003 and 2014. Over 59% were male. The age range was 16 to 83 years with a mean of 51 years. Over 70% occurred between 40 and 70 years of age. Average diameter of tumors was 10 cms. The stomach was the most …

“Looks Can Be Deceiving”: Adrenal Teratoma Causing Diagnostic Difficulty, Mehwash Nadeem, Muhammad Hammad Ather, M Nasir Sulaiman, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Teratomas are unusual tumours that derived from totipotent cells with their origin from more than one or usually all three germ cells. Here authors are presenting a case of primary retroperitoneal tumour that is a rare clinical entity. A 19-year-old male presented with right lumbar pain and was found to have complex cyst with large calcification in right adrenal gland on imaging. Intraoperatively, he was found to have a solid mass with areas of soft consistency, which was excised en bloc. On gross examination, the cyst contained pieces of bone, few teeth, and hairs entangled in mucinous material. On histological …

R990g Polymorphism Of Calcium Sensing Receptor Gene Is Associated With High Parathyroid Hormone Levels In Subjects With Vitamin D Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hafsa Majid, Aysha Habib Khan, Tariq Moatter

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), R990G and A986S of the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) gene, are shown to influence response of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in subjects with optimal vitamin D levels. This cross-sectional study was conducted in subjects with vitaminDdeficiency (VDD) to observe association’s betweenCaSR polymorphisms, plasma iPTH, and serumcalcium levels. Adult females (𝑛 = 140) with known VDD, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and calcium levels were recruited for genotype analysis.The frequencies of the 986 alleles GG, GT, and TT were 68%, 25%, and 7%, respectively, whereas the frequencies of the 990 alleles AA, AG, and GG were 80%, 8.9%, and …

2015-2016 Nursing Undergraduate Student Handbook, Morehead State University. Nursing Department.

Nursing Department Publications Archive

2015-2016 Undergraduate Student Handbook of the Department of Nursing at Morehead State University.

Are Pulp Sensibility Tests Still Sensible?, Huma Farid, Farhan Raza Khan, Lubna Pasha, Muhammad Saad Shinwari

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

Electric and thermal tests are the most commonly employed methods for the diagnosis of pulp health status. The objectives of our study are to assess the validity, yield and accuracy of cold and electric pulp tests in determining pulp vitality of teeth requiring endodontic treatment.

Methods:

A cross sectional study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of Aga Khan University Hospital on 75 patients requiring endodontic treatment. Before commencement of endodontic treatment, a provisional diagnosis of pulp status was made using an electric pulp tester and cold test. The tooth was then labelled as either vital or necrotic. …

Increased Tissue Temperature Improves Electro-Transfer Mediated Gene Delivery To Skin, Anna Bulysheva, Amy Donate, Chelsea Edelblute, Derrick Jung, Karl Schoenbach, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

[Introduction] Developing an optimal gene electro-transfer system for delivery of plasmid DNA to the skin in vivo has been challenging with expression often confined in the epithelium requiring high voltage electric fields, which can cause cellular and tissue damage. Minimizing such damage, while optimizing gene expression profiles, are highly desirable for therapeutic applications of gene delivery to the skin. Cell membrane fluidity is temperature dependent, thus moderate temperature elevation can increase membrane fluidity. Utilizing this concept, we developed a novel gene electro-transfer electrode for in vivo applications with ability to heat tissue with a laser integrated into a four pin …

The Effect Of Holographic Wristbands On Proprioception, Tyler A. Dexter, Valerie W. Herzog, Ericka P. Zimmerman

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Context: Wearing wristbands embedded with holograms at certain frequencies are believed to increase proprioception. There has been very little research to determine if holographic wristbands have any physiological effect on the body. Objective: To determine if the holograms embedded in the wristbands will improve proprioception during a single leg stance test on the dominant foot. Design and Setting: Controlled Athletic Training laboratory study. Participants: Twenty-four healthy college students of different activity levels (7 men, 17 women; age = 22.6 ± 1.2 years, height = 170.18 ± 12.10 cm, mass = 69.51 ± 15.63 kg) without any lower extremity injuries in …

Clinical Applications Of Cyp Genotyping In Psychiatry, Edoardo Spina, Jose De Leon

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

A critical review of the limited available evidence and the authors’ experience and judgment are used to summarize the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genetic variants in the pharmacokinetics of and clinical response to psychotropic medications. CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 genetic polymorphisms and their contributions to the metabolism of psychotropic drugs are reviewed. CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 genotyping have limited current clinical utility. CYP2C9 genotyping has no utility in psychiatry. Psychiatrists should master tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) prescription, and if they use TCAs, they should have expertise in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotyping and in TCA therapeutic drug monitoring …

ผลของการประยุกต์ใช้ทฤษฎีขั้นตอนการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมต่อพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุน และการสลายมวลกระดูกในสตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือน, สิริยุพิน แสนยาพิทักษ์, มยุรี นิรัตธราดร, สุรินธร กลัมพากร

Journal of Nursing Research, Innovation, and Health

วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อเปรียบเทียบพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุน และการสลายมวลกระดูกในสตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือนก่อนและหลังได้รับกิจกรรมการประยุกต์ใช้ทฤษฎีขั้นตอนการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมและระหว่างกลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุม\n\nรูปแบบการวิจัย: การวิจัยกึ่งทดลอง\n\nวิธีดำเนินการวิจัย: กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ สตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือนอายุ 30-45 ปี ที่อยู่ในระยะพฤติกรรมพร้อมที่จะปฏิบัติ ที่มีคุณสมบัติตามเกณฑ์ที่กำหนด จำนวนกลุ่มละ 30 คน กลุ่มทดลองได้รับกิจกรรมการประยุกต์ใช้ทฤษฎีขั้นตอนการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรม ใน 2 สัปดาห์แรก และวัดผลหลังการทดลองในสัปดาห์ที่ 14 กลุ่มควบคุมได้รับการดูแลตามปกติ เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลโดยใช้ แบบบันทึกข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบบันทึกค่าสลายมวลกระดูก และแบบสอบถามพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุน มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์แอลฟ่าของครอนบาคเท่ากับ .80 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติพรรณนา และสถิติทดสอบค่าที\n\nผลการวิจัย: 1) สตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือนหลังเข้าร่วมโครงการมีคะแนนพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุน (x̄ = 68.73, SD = 4.59)สูงกว่าก่อนเข้าร่วมโครงการ (x̄ = 64.67, SD = 5.83) และมีค่าการสลายมวลกระดูก (x̄ = 0.233, SD = 0.05) น้อยกว่าก่อนเข้าร่วมโครงการ (x̄ = 0.289, SD = 0.07) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<.001) 2) สตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือนที่เข้าร่วมโครงการมีค่าเฉลี่ยคะแนนพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุน (x̄ = 68.73, SD = 4.59) ไม่แตกต่างจากกลุ่มควบคุม (x̄ = 66.63, SD = 6.65) (p>.05) แต่มีค่าเฉลี่ยการสลายมวลกระดูก (x̄ = 0.233, SD = 0.05) น้อยกว่ากลุ่มควบคุม (x̄ = 0.296, SD = 0.08) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<.001)\n\nสรุป: พยาบาลที่ปฏิบัติงานในโรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบล ควรนำกิจกรรมการประยุกต์ใช้ทฤษฎีขั้นตอนการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรม มาใช้เป็นแนวทางส่งเสริมสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันโรคกระดูกพรุนและชะลอการสลายมวลกระดูกในสตรีวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือน\n

ผลของการใช้รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณีในการดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมต่อความพึงพอใจในบริการของผู้ป่วยและการรับรู้คุณค่าวิชาชีพพยาบาลของพยาบาลประจำการ, เพทาย สำรวยผล, สุชาดา รัชชุกูล

Journal of Nursing Research, Innovation, and Health

วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อเปรียบเทียบความพึงพอใจในบริการของผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมกลุ่มที่ได้รับการดูแลโดยใช้รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณีกับกลุ่มที่ได้รับการดูแลตามปกติ และเปรียบเทียบการรับรู้คุณค่าวิชาชีพพยาบาลของพยาบาลประจำการระหว่างกลุ่มที่ใช้รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณีกับกลุ่มที่ใช้การดูแลตามปกติ\n \nรูปแบบการวิจัย: แบบกึ่งทดลอง\n\nวิธีดำเนินการวิจัย: กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านม จำนวน 60 คน และพยาบาลประจำการ หอผู้ป่วยศัลยกรรมทั่วไปหญิง โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ จำนวน 20 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย ประกอบด้วย แผนการอบรม แผนการดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านม และคู่มือการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณี เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลโดยใช้แบบสอบถามความพึงพอใจในบริการของผู้ป่วย และแบบสอบถามการรับรู้คุณค่าวิชาชีพพยาบาล เครื่องมือทั้งหมดได้รับการตรวจสอบความตรงตามเนื้อหาโดยผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ แบบสอบถามมีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์แอลฟ่าของครอนบาคเท่ากับ .95 และ .96 ตามลำดับ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน การทดสอบสถิติที และการทดสอบ Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test\n\nผลการวิจัย: 1) ค่าเฉลี่ยคะแนนความพึงพอใจในบริการของผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมกลุ่มที่ได้รับการดูแลโดยใช้รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณี (x̄ = 4.38) สูงกว่ากลุ่มที่ได้รับการดูแลตามปกติ (x̄ = 3.37) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติระดับที่ .05 2) ค่าเฉลี่ยลำดับที่ของคะแนนการรับรู้คุณค่าวิชาชีพพยาบาลของพยาบาลประจำการที่ใช้รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณี (x̄ = 4.74) สูงกว่ากลุ่มที่ใช้การดูแลตามปกติ (x̄ = 4.01) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05\n\nสรุป: รูปแบบการจัดการผู้ป่วยรายกรณีส่งผลให้ผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมมีความพึงพอใจในบริการและพยาบาลประจำการมีการรับรู้คุณค่าวิชาชีพพยาบาลมากขึ้น\n

Psycholinguistics In Fluency Disorders: Prearticulatory Speech Planning In Stuttering And Cluttering, Emily O’Dell Garnett

Theses and Dissertations

The Covert Repair Hypothesis (CRH) is an account for speech errors in normally fluent speakers, and also hypothesizes errors in the phonological encoding stage in people who stutter (PWS). Previous research has shown that PWS exhibit poorer performance compared to typically fluent adults (TFA) on linguistic tasks designed to tap into the level of phonological encoding, such as phoneme monitoring. Stuttering and cluttering often co-occur, thus the field can benefit from extending this methodology to study people who clutter (PWC). Experiment 1 in Chapter 2 used phoneme monitoring to study phonological encoding in PWS and PWC, with three conclusions: (1) …

Ethnic Discrimination: Measurement And Associations With Smoking-Related Outcomes Among Arab Male Current And Former Smokers In Israel, Amira Osman

Theses and Dissertations

We evaluated the psychometric properties of two instruments used to assess ethnic discrimination among Arabs in Israel. The “Experiences of Discrimination” (EOD) scale was adapted to assess interpersonal ethnic discrimination (EOD-A) and a new measure was developed to assess perceptions of institutional group discrimination (IGD) against Arabs as an ethnic group. Then, we examined the association between each form of ethnic discrimination (interpersonal and institutional) and smoking outcomes among Arab men from Israel, and whether social support and coping efficacy moderate these associations. Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional study of Arab male current and former smokers, aged 18-64. A …

Patient And Provider Characteristics And Practice Patterns Of Primary Care Physicians Of Weight-Related Counseling, Kolby T. Redd

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends three types of health education counseling for use in primary care practices for adult, obese patients. While these recommendations are well known, a low percentage of physicians provide this counseling to their patients on a consistent basis. There are inconsistencies in past studies in regards to what aspects of the health encounter influence the likelihood of receiving health education counseling during a primary care visit. The objective of this study was to (1) investigate the patterns of these three types of counseling occurring within primary care practices and to …

Food Security Status And Life Events Among Households With Children In The Midlands Of South Carolina, Erin Rebekah Drucker

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Food insecurity is a major public health problem in the United States (US) with 14.5% of US households having experienced some level of food insecurity in 2012. Among households with children, 20% experienced low food security in 2012, and in half of these households, both the children and adults were affected. Food insecurity among children can have lifelong negative health and mental effects. Life events are defined as self-­‐reported life changes, which create a strain on resources and an opportunity for food insecurity, Methods: The Midlands Family Study (MFS) was a cross-­‐ sectional study that surveyed households …

Goal Achievement In Young Adults With Asperger Syndrome And High Functioning Autism, Melissa Racobaldo

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate perspectives of young adults with Asperger syndrome (AS) and High Functioning Autism (HFA) regarding supports and services, future goals, and confidence in their success. The goal of this study was to identify valuable supports and areas in which this support was lacking. Identifying areas of support for young adults with AS/HFA transitioning into adulthood aids in providing consistent services for successful goal achievement. The study has value among genetic counselors as the discovery of genetic etiologies of autism has led to referral of families with ASD to the genetics clinic. Methods: Young adults with …

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Environmental Enrichment-Induced Neuroprotection In Vulnerability To Nicotine Addiction, Adrian Michael Gomez

Theses and Dissertations

Tobacco use is the number one preventable cause of death in the world. Nicotine is the principal, addictive component in tobacco responsible for its reinforcing properties that drive the behavioral manifestations of nicotine addiction. Environment is becoming increasingly implicated in nicotine susceptibility. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to nicotine addiction remain unknown. An ideal animal model that addresses environmental factors uses rats raised in an enriched condition (EC), a standard condition (SC), and an impoverished condition (IC); which differ in novelty, social cohorts, handling, and physical activity. EC rats exhibit a neuroprotective-like phenotype in the behavioral resistance to …

Evaluating Web-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Education For Pregnant Women, Judith Wilson

Theses

Background: Guidelines recommend that when pregnant women attend antenatal education they gain adequate knowledge about pregnancy-related topics, including the function of pelvic floor muscles and how to undertake a pelvic floor muscle exercise programme. Evidence is limited about how this information can be optimally delivered to pregnant women such that they gain knowledge, confidence and motivation to engage in a pelvic floor muscle exercise programme during the antenatal period. The primary objectives of the research were to evaluate the effect of delivering a web-based pelvic floor muscle education intervention in addition to usual antenatal care on primiparae women’s awareness; knowledge; …

The Nonreligious – Nonspiritual Scale (Nrnss): Measuring Everything From Atheists To Zionists, Ryan T. Cragun, Joseph H. Hammer, Michael Nielsen

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Although hundreds of measures of personal religiousness and spirituality exist, none are capable of reliably and validly assessing individuals who identify as nonreligious and nonspiritual. There is a need to develop a valid and reliable measure of (non)religiousness and (non)spirituality. This article discusses these problems, and presents the development and initial validation of a 17-item Nonreligious-Nonspiritual Scale (NRNSS) across three studies. The NRNSS exhibited high internal consistency (α > .94) and high test-retest reliability (r = .92). Two exploratory and one confirmatory factor analysis of the NRNSS supported the hypothesized two-factor solution: (a) institutional religiousness and (b) individualistic spirituality. The NRNSS …

Taxonomy And Molecular Epidemiology Of Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato, Thomas Romig, Dennis Ebi, Marion Wassermann

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Echinococcus granulosus, formerly regarded as a single species with a high genotypic and phenotypic diversity, is now recognized as an assemblage of cryptic species, which differ considerably in morphology, development, host specificity (including infectivity/pathogenicity for humans) and other aspects. This diversity is reflected in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and has led to the construction of phylogenetic trees and hypotheses on the origin and geographic dispersal of various taxa. Based on phenotypic characters and gene sequences, E. granulosus (sensu lato) has by now been subdivided into E. granulosus sensu stricto (including the formerly identified genotypic variants G1-3), …

Evolution Of Hematophagous Habit In Triatominae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae), Fernando Otálora-Luna, Antonio J. Pérez-Sánchez, Claudia Sandoval, Elis Aldana

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

All members of Triatominae subfamily (Heteroptera: Reduviidae), potential vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of the Chagas disease, feed on blood. Through evolution, these bugs have fixed special morphological, physiological, and behavioral aptations (adaptations and exaptations) adequate to feed on blood. Phylogeny suggests that triatomines evolved from predator reduvids which in turn descended from phytophagous hemipterans. Some pleisiomorphic traits developed by the reduvid ancestors of the triatomines facilitated and modeled hematophagy in these insects. Among them, mouthparts, saliva composition, enzymes, and digestive symbionts are the most noticeable. However, the decisive step that allowed the shift from predation to hematophagy …

Social Contexts Of Infant Feeding And Infant Feeding Decisions, Ellen J. Schafer, Natalie A. Williams, Siri Digney, Marion E. Hare, Sato Ashida

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: Infant feeding takes place within a network of social relationships. However, the social context in which infant feeding advice is received remains underresearched.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the social contexts of infant feeding by examining individual and relationship characteristics of mothers and network members associated with advice to exclusively breastfeed, exclusively formula feed, or use a combination of breast milk and formula.

Methods: Information about 287 network members was reported by 80 low-income mothers during a one-time survey. Characteristics of relationships associated with mothers receiving advice (exclusively breastfeed/formula feed, combination feed) from each network …

Dancing Around Infertility: The Use Of Metaphors In A Complex Medical Situation, Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly, Janice L. Krieger

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

People use metaphors to cognitively frame their experiences as well as to explain those experiences to others, especially in complex medical situations. However, previous research has not fully explored the extent to which metaphors may be helpful or harmful to achieving well-being. This investigation fills this gap by identifying and explaining metaphor use in the context of infertility. Guided by self-determination theory, in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 women and men who had experienced an inability to conceive a child. Analysis of participant narratives yielded 10 prominent metaphors that reflect how participants’ need for competence, autonomy, and relatedness were (and …

Comprehension Of Randomization And Uncertainty In Cancer Clinical Trials Decision Making Among Rural, Appalachian Patients, Janice L. Krieger, Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly, Phokeng M. Dailey, Jessica L. Krok-Schoen, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Electra D. Paskett

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

Comprehension of randomization is a vital, but understudied, component of informed consent to participate incancer randomized clinical trials(RCTs). Thisstudy examines patient comprehension of the randomization process as well as sources of ongoing uncertainty that may inhibit a patient’s ability to provide informed consent to participate in RCTs. Cancer patients living in rural Appalachia who were offeredanopportunitytoparticipateinacancertreatmentRCT completed in-depth interviews and a brief survey. No systematic differences in randomization comprehension between patients who consented and those who declined participation in a cancer RCT were detected. Comprehension is conceptually distinct from uncertainty, with patients who had both high and low comprehension experiencing …

The Role Of Anger Rumination And Autism Spectrum Disorder– Linked Perseveration In The Experience Of Aggression In The General Population, Cara E. Pugliese, Matthew S. Fritz, Susan W. White

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study (a) examined the role of anger rumination as a mediator of the relation between social anxiety and the experience of anger, hostility, and aggression, in the general population, and (b) evaluated the degree to which the presence of autism spectrum disorder characteristics moderates the indirect influence of anger rumination. We then explored whether social cognition and perseveration characteristic of autism spectrum disorder uniquely accounted for the predicted moderation. In this survey study of young adults (n = 948), anger rumination mediated the relation between social anxiety and hostility, as well as verbal and physical aggression, as predicted. Greater …

Role Of Cellular Senescence And Nox4-Mediated Oxidative Stress In Systemic Sclerosis Pathogenesis., Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of skin and numerous internal organs and a severe fibroproliferative vasculopathy resulting frequently in severe disability and high mortality. Although the etiology of SSc is unknown and the detailed mechanisms responsible for the fibrotic process have not been fully elucidated, one important observation from a large US population study was the demonstration of a late onset of SSc with a peak incidence between 45 and 54 years of age in African-American females and between 65 and 74 years of age in white females. Although it is not appropriate …

Characterization Of Cd8+ T Cell Differentiation Following Sivδnef Vaccination By Transcription Factor Expression Profiling, James M. Billingsley, Premeela A. Rajakumar, Michelle A. Connole, Nadine C. Salisch, Sama Adnan, Yury V. Kuzmichev, Henoch S. Hong, R. Keith Reeves, Hyung-Joo Kang, Wenjun Li, Qingsheng Li, Ashley T. Haase, R. Paul Johnson

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The onset of protective immunity against pathogenic SIV challenge in SIVΔnef-vaccinated macaques is delayed for 15-20 weeks, a process that is related to qualitative changes in CD8⁺ T cell responses induced by SIVΔnef. As a novel approach to characterize cell differentiation following vaccination, we used multi-target qPCR to measure transcription factor expression in naïve and memory subsets of CD8+⁺ T cells, and in SIV-specific CD8⁺ T cells obtained from SIVΔnef-vaccinated or wild type SIVmac239-infected macaques. Unsupervised clustering of expression profiles organized naïve and memory CD8⁺ T cells into groups concordant with cell surface phenotype. Transcription factor …

Escherichia Coli Surface Display Of Single-Chain Antibody Vrc01 Against Hiv-1 Infection, Lin-Xu Wang, Michael Mellon, Dane Bowder, Meghan Quinn, Danielle Shea, Charles Wood, Shi-Hua Xiang

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission and infection occur mainly via the mucosal surfaces. The commensal bacteria residing in these surfaces can potentially be employed as a vehicle for delivering inhibitors to prevent HIV-1 infection. In this study, we have employed a bacteria-based strategy to display a broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01, which could potentially be used to prevent HIV-1 infection. The VRC01 antibody mimics CD4-binding to gp120 and has broadly neutralization activities against HIV-1. We have designed a construct that can express the fusion peptide of the scFv-VRC01 antibody together with the autotransporter β-barrel domain of IgAP gene from …

Evidence For Placental Hpv Infection In Both Hiv Positive And Negative Women, Chrispin Chisanga, Dawn Eggert, Charles D. Mitchell, Charles Wood, Peter C. Angeletti

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have previously been reported to infect epithelial trophoblast cells of the placenta. To investigate this possibility, 200 placental samples from Zambian women were separated into HIV+ and HIV− groups and tested for HPV by redundant primer PCR, using GP5+/GP6+ and CPI/CPII primer sets. Three HPV genotypes (HPV6, 16 and 90) were detected in placental samples. Whereas, 20 different HPV genotypes were detected in vaginal sampling of the same patients, suggesting that compartment specific sub-populations of HPV may exist. The incidence of HPV16 in placental samples was almost 2-fold greater in HIV+ women compared to HIV− (p = …

The Hippo/Yap Pathway Interacts With Egfr Signaling And Hpv Oncoproteins To Regulate Cervical Cancer Progression, Chunbo He, Dagan Mao, Guohua Hua, Xiangmin Lv, Xingcheng Chen, Peter C. Angeletti, Jixin Dong, Steven W. Remmenga, Kerry J. Rodabaugh, Jin Zhou, Paul F. Lambert, Peixin Yang, John S. Davis, Cheng Wang

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The Hippo signaling pathway controls organ size and tumorigenesis

through a kinase cascade that inactivates Yes-associated

protein (YAP). Here, we show that YAP plays a central role in

controlling the progression of cervical cancer. Our results suggest

that YAP expression is associated with a poor prognosis for cervical

cancer. TGF-α and amphiregulin (AREG), via EGFR, inhibit the Hippo

signaling pathway and activate YAP to induce cervical cancer cell

proliferation and migration. Activated YAP allows for up-regulation

of TGF-α, AREG, and EGFR, forming a positive signaling loop to

drive cervical cancer cell proliferation. HPV E6 protein, a major

etiological molecule of …