Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Perceived Relative Factors Influencing Nurses’ Practice Of Health Promotion For Women In Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, E. Samson-Akpan, O. B. Edet, I. I. Akpabio, Ekaete Asuquo

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Socio-cultural factors negate the health of women. Therefore, health promotion as a focus of nursing practice aimed at capitalizing on the inherent capacities of women to establish health priorities, goals and strategies to improve their health. A descriptive survey with the purpose of ascertaining the influence of culture, social and health policies on nurses’ practice of health promotion was undertaken. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A sample of one hundred and thirty six nurses participated in the study. A validated questionnaire with a test-retest reliability coefficient (r) of 0.79 was used for data collection. Correlation analysis was …

Drug-Induced Linear Iga Bullous Dermatosis, Luis A. Soro Do, Tanya Ermolovich Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Child Protection And Infant Mental Health: An Essential Partnership, Claudia M. Gold M.D.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Pathoneurological Basis Of Disease, Alex D. Hamilton

Senior Honors Theses

Fibromyalgia (also known as fibromyalgia syndrome, or FMS) is a condition which causes its victims to suffer a wide range of symptoms, most notably chronic musculoskeletal pain. Although the causes of fibromyalgia remain unknown, recent advances help elucidate the underlying pathophysiologies of this condition, and show that it is likely not a musculoskeletal condition, but rather a pathoneurological condition.

The Effects Of Vitamin C On Cancer: A Cellular And Epidemiological Perspective, Amy C. Mclaughlin

Senior Honors Theses

While vitamin C has been proven to benefit the immune system during acute infections, there are now many studies to support the findings that vitamin C may also contribute to more effective chemotherapy and lessened damage on the body as a result of chemotherapy. This thesis investigates the impact of vitamin C on many components of cancer such as C-reactive protein, interleukins, reactive oxygen species, and many types of antioxidants and examines vitamin C's ability to inhibit or promote these agents' functions in the body. In addition, this thesis evaluates the ability of vitamin C to keep tumor cells from …

The Challenges And Blessings Of Missionary Nursing In Africa, Jordan E. Woosley

Senior Honors Theses

Nursing is a popular career choice in the twenty-first century, and there are many opportunities within the profession to serve. An American nurse has the ability to utilize nursing skills in Africa and share knowledge with the locals. The American nurse may face challenges when adapting to the African culture and healthcare but also may be blessed by the work and ministering to the people. The American nurse faces specific challenges such as educational differences, lack of facilities and equipment, unique diseases, and poor sanitation. In spite of these challenges, the American missionary nurse is able to grow through this …

Volume 05, Ian Karamarkovich, Jessica Cox, Kyle Fowlkes, Allison Pawlowski, Kaitlin Major, Carrie Dunham, Kelsey Scheitlin, Kathryn Grayson, Ashley Johnson, Jennifer Nehrt, Kelsey Stolzenbach, Kristin Mcquarrie, Sara Nelson, Melisa Michelle, Jessica Sudlow, Perry Bason, Danielle Dmuchawski, Mariah Asbell, Matthew Sakach, Timothy Smith Jr., Annaliese Troxell, T. Dane Summerell, Sarah Ganrude, Malina Rutherford, Hannah Hopper, John Berry Jr., James Early, Colleen Festa, Chelsea D. Taylor, Michelle Maddox, Kaitlyn Smith, Sarah Schu, Cabell Edmunds, Katherine Grayson, Kayla Tornai

Incite: The Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

Introduction from Dean Dr. Charles Ross

The Tallis House as an Extension of Emily Tallis in McEwan's Atonement by Ian Karamarkovich

Graphic Design by Jessica Cox

Graphic Design by Kyle Fowlkes

Graphic Design by Allison Pawlowski

Incorporating Original Research in The Classroom: A Case Study Analyzing the Influence of the Chesapeake Bay on Local Temperatures by Kaitlin Major, Carrie Dunham and Dr. Kelsey Scheitlin

Graphic Design by Kathryn Grayson

Graphic Design by Ashley Johnson

Facing the Music: Environmental Impact Assessment of Building A Concert Hall on North Campus by Jennifer Nehrt, Kelsey Stolzenbach And Dr. Kelsey Scheitlin

Art by Kristin …

Tackling The Global Ncd Crisis: Innovations In Law And Governance, Bryan P. Thomas, Lawrence O. Gostin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

35 million people die annually of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), 80% of them in low- and middle-income countries—representing a marked epidemiological transition from infectious to chronic diseases and from richer to poorer countries. The total number of NCDs is projected to rise by 17% over the coming decade, absent significant interventions. The NCD epidemic poses unique governance challenges: the causes are multifactorial, the affected populations diffuse, and effective responses require sustained multi-sectorial cooperation. The authors propose a range of regulatory options available at the domestic level, including stricter food labeling laws, regulation of food advertisements, tax incentives for healthy lifestyle choices, …

How Do Older People Describe Others With Cognitive Impairment? A Multiethnic Study In The United States, Sarah B. Laditka, James N. Laditka, Rui Liu, Anna E. Price

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

We studied how older people describe others with cognitive impairment. Forty-two focus groups represented African Americans, American Indians, Chinese Americans, Latinos, Vietnamese Americans, and Whites other than Latinos (Whites) (N = 396, ages 50+), in nine locations in the United States of America. Axial coding connected categories and identified themes. The constant comparison method compared themes across ethnic groups. African Americans, American Indians and Whites emphasised memory loss. African Americans, American Indians, Latinos and Whites stressed withdrawal, isolation and repetitive speech. African Americans, American Indians, Vietnamese Americans and Whites emphasised ‘slow thinking’. Only Whites described mood swings and personality changes. …

Correlations Between Internal And External Power Outputs During Weightlifting Exercise, Kristof Kipp, Chad Harris, Michelle B. Sabick

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Identifying loads that maximize mechanical power is important because training at such loads may optimize gains in dynamic athletic performance. The purpose of this study was to examine correlations between measures of external mechanical power output and internal mechanical joint power output across different loads during a weightlifting exercise. Ten subjects performed 3 sets of the clean exercise at 65, 75, and 85% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Peak external mechanical power output was calculated with 4 commonly used methods, whereas an inverse dynamics approach was used to calculate peak internal mechanical power output for the hip, knee, and ankle …

At Risk Young Adults: Healthcare Options During And After The Transition From Adolescence To Adulthood For Those Aging Out Of The Foster Care System, Michael Ockrin

Nursing Masters

Approximately 20,000 of the 500,000 foster care children in the United States age out of social services each year (Yen, Hammond, & Kushel, 2009). These youth lack the family support systems that most young adults have. They rarely receive the health care services that other young adults receive because of a lack of health insurance. Government programs have begun to address the problem. The Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 requires states to help youth in their transition to adulthood and addresses many issues including healthcare. The Foster Care Independence Act of 1999 doubled the amount …

The Effects Of Implementing Negative Pressure Therapy To Promote Wound Healing, Jennifer L. Linnan

Nursing Masters

Purpose: To systematically and comprehensively review, analyze and synthesize the effects of wound healing when utilizing NPWT or V.A.C. therapy in comparison with more traditional wound management with sterile gauze dressings.

The State Of The Science Of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Use By Adolescents And Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Bomie Cooper

Nursing Masters

Background and Significance: Diabetes mellitus is a collection of metabolic diseases, characterized by high blood sugar level, but stemming from different causes (ADA, 2005). The utilization of insulin pump therapy has been increasing over the past number of years in many countries and there currently, there are 20 – 25% of insulin pump users (M. Alsaleh, F., Smith, S. Keady et al., 2009, p. 127). A remarkable decrease in diabetic complications is achievable through close control of blood glucose. Individuals must first meet the criteria for pump utilization which has been established by the American Diabetes Association.

Objectives: to systemically …

Tonsillectomy And Weight Gain In Children, Is There A Correlation?, Jacqueline M. Doucette

Nursing Masters

The relationship between tonsillectomy and postoperative weight gain in children has been studied across the globe. Indications for tonsillectomy include chronic recurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnea. This phenomenon of weight gain postoperatively and the many possible causes were the focus of this systematic review. Relationships between adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy, dietary habits, obstructive sleep apnea, motor activity, hyperactivity, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin growth factor binding protein -3, and weight gain were investigated. Findings supported a relationship between adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy and postoperative weight gain, decreased sleep apnea, decreased motor activity and hyperactivity, an affinity for sugary and fatty foods, and an increase in insulin …

Major Incidents In Kenya: The Case For Emergency Services Development And Training, Benjamin Wachira, Wayne Smith

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Kenya's major incidents profile is dominated by droughts, floods, fires, terrorism, poisoning, collapsed buildings, accidents in the transport sector and disease/epidemics. With no integrated emergency services and a lack of resources, many incidents in Kenya escalate to such an extent that they become major incidents. Lack of specific training of emergency services personnel to respond to major incidents, poor coordination of major incident management activities, and a lack of standard operational procedures and emergency operation plans have all been shown to expose victims to increased morbidity and mortality. This report provides a review of some of the major incidents in …

Health Reform Funding In Nebraska, Kelly Shaw-Sutherland, Yang Wang, Jim P. Stimpson

Reports: Center for Health Policy

In March 2010, the Affordable Care Act was passed into law with the aim to solidify the nation’s health care safety net and expand access to care through new and existing programs. Of the estimated $200 billion dollars in mandatory and discretionary spending set to be appropriated by 2019, approximately $18.3 billion in total funding has been allocated to the states. Ranking 46 out of 51, Nebraska has received approximately 0.5% ($85.4 million) of total US funding, almost a full percent lower than the national median of 1.4%. In total funding per capita, Nebraska ranks slightly higher, at 38 out …

Screening Services: An Underused Link In The Continuum Of Care? A Commentary And Cases., Nathalie I. Garbani

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

No abstract provided.

Reduction In Phencyclidine Induced Sensorimotor Gating Deficits In The Rat Following Increased System Xc − Activity In The Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Victoria Lutgen, Krista Qualmann, Jon M. Resch, Linghai Kong, Sujean Choi, David A. Baker

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Rationale: Aspects of schizophrenia, including deficits in sensorimotor gating, have been linked to glutamate dysfunction and/or oxidative stress in the prefrontal cortex. System x_c ⁻, a cystine–glutamate antiporter, is a poorly understood mechanism that contributes to both cellular antioxidant capacity and glutamate homeostasis.

Objectives: Our goal was to determine whether increased system x_c ⁻ activity within the prefrontal cortex would normalize a rodent measure of sensorimotor gating.

Methods: In situ hybridization was used to map messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of xCT, the active subunit of system x_c ⁻, in the prefrontal cortex. Prepulse inhibition was …

Measuring Nurses’ Impact On Health Care Quality: Progress, Challenges, And Future Directions, Susan L. Beck, Marianne E. Weiss, Nancy Ryan-Wenger, Nancy E. Donaldson, Carolyn Aydin, Gail L. Towsley, William Gardner

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Quality measurement is central in efforts to improve health care delivery and financing. The Interdisciplinary Nursing Quality Research Initiative supported interdisciplinary research teams to address gaps in measuring the contributions of nursing to quality care.

Objective: To summarize the research of 4 interdisciplinary teams funded by The Interdisciplinary Nursing Quality Research Initiative and reflect on challenges and future directions to improving quality measurement.

Methods: Each team summarized their work including the targeted gap in measurement, the methods used, key results, and next steps. The authors discussed key challenges and recommended future directions.

Results: These exemplar projects addressed cross-cutting issues …

Changes In Orthodontic Treatment Modalities In The Past 20 Years: Exploring The Link Between Technology And Scientific Evidence, T. Gerard Bradley

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of the issue: Is there a link between the many perceived advances in orthodontic techniques/therapy and science in the past 20 years? The purpose of this paper is to take five topics and match the perceptions with the scientific evidence. The variety of appliances and the swings in treatment philosophy have been dramatic, including the swing from extraction to non-extraction therapy, the introduction of space-age wires, appliances that grow mandibles, the introduction and extraordinary growth of Invisalign, and reduced friction brackets to reduce treatment time, all with claims by manufacturers of better results than ever before. The focus is …

The Muranga Teleophthalmology Study: Comparison Of Virtual (Teleglaucoma) With In-Person Clinical Assessment To Diagnose Glaucoma, Dan Kiage, Irfan N. Kherani, Stephen Gichuhi, Karim F. Damji, Muindi Nyenze

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Purpose: While the effectiveness of teleophthalmology is generally accepted, its ability to diagnose glaucomatous eye disease remains relatively unknown. This study aimed to compare a web-based teleophthalmology assessment with clinical slit lamp examination to screen for glaucoma among diabetics in a rural African district.

Materials and Methods: Three hundred and nine diabetic patients underwent both the clinical slit lamp examination by a comprehensive ophthalmologist and teleglaucoma (TG) assessment by a glaucoma subspecialist. Both assessments were compared for any focal glaucoma damage; for TG, the quality of photographs was assessed, and vertical cup-to-disk ratio (VCDR) was calculated in a semi-automated manner. …

Utility Of Clinical Examination And Ct Scan In Assessment Of Penetrating Neck Trauma, Maliha Kazi, Montasir Junaid, Mumtaz Jamshed Khan, Naeem Sultan Ali, Aria Masoom

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Managing penetrating injuries adequately and effectively depends a great deal on proper assessment of the injury. This study carried out was done at The Aga Khan University Hospital to assess the role of clinical examination and CT scan imaging in evaluation of penetrating neck injuries. A total of 68 students were included, with ages ranging from 3 to 74 years. The involved zones and the injured structures were noted. Results showed a high sensitivity of clinical examination in assessing vascular (81%) and airway trauma (77%), with a low sensitivity for esophageal trauma (34%). For CT scan the sensitivity was 90% …

La Percepción Del Sistema De Salud Intercultural Y La Generación De Una Nueva Discriminación: Estudio De Los Centros De Medicina Mapuche En Nueva Imperial Y Puerto Saavedra Con Población Adulta, Jannet Guadalupe Sánchez

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The main objective of this project was to investigate to what extent intercultural health experiences in the Araucanía region of southern Chile can help overcome situations of discrimination or how they may help generate new ones. This project surfaces from the known history of discrimination against the mapuche population that has resulted in poor health status and how the installation of intercultural health financed by the governments' own ministry of health tries to alleviate the problem. To achieve the main objective, both surveys and interviews were conducted at two intercultural health centers in order to determine actual and perceived health …

Fa’Amatala Lau Tala: Samoan Pregnancy And Childbirth Narratives, Elsa Kendall

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Pregnancy is, for each individual woman, situated in a particular historical, social, and cultural understanding of her own body; the experience cannot be divorced from these components that inform what is deemed unhealthy or inappropriate. Most social research regarding pregnancy and childbirth focuses on economic and political implications. This study explored personal narratives of Samoan women’s experience with pregnancy and childbirth to shed light on cultural aspects of events. Seven women were interviewed as key informants using informal, unstructured interviews to better understand these topics, and are presented as a compilation of stories of the most intimate parts of their …

An Exploration Of Diabetes Care In Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, Suburbs As Seen Through The Work Of Diabetes South Africa, Mallory Bernstein

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study portrays the lived experiences of diabetics and diabetes caregivers in Durban suburbs through the lens of Diabetes South Africa (DSA), a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) operating out of Durban. Furthermore, this study also analyzes the progression of the treatment and services offered to diabetics. The specific aim of this study was to understand the situation of diabetic care in the suburbs and the obstacles to improvement. Because diabetes is registered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a worldwide epidemic and because the rate of diagnosis will be increasing (World Health Organization: Diabetes updated March 2013), it is necessary …

Dipo Rites And Women’S Health: Tradition Empowering Krobo Female Identity And Reproductive Health In Manya-Krobo, Nina Kearin

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Objective: To understand the meaning and process of dipo rites and the correlation (if any) to the reproductive health of women in Manya-Krobo. This led to the research being aimed at answering three major questions.

1. What are dipo rites? This is taking into consideration the history of the rites, meaning of the rites, the process of the rites, and who practices the rites.
2. What is the status of women’s reproductive health in Manya-Krobo?
3. How are the dipo rites and the reproductive health of the women who practice them interconnected?

Methodology: I lived in Manya Krobo for most of April, 2013 …

Traditional Healing In Madagascar: A Study Of A Tandroy Ombiasa And His Methods Of Healing, Haleemah Jackson

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In Madagascar, traditional healthcare is practiced and used by those who have no other access to healthcare or who simply cannot afford it. This form of healthcare is known throughout in the form of the Ombiasa. These men and women not only have extensive knowledge on the land around them and the healing capabilities of local plants, they are also the mediums in their communities between the spirit world that guides and the human world that is in constant need of guidance. In the Ifotoka and Morafeno region in the south of Madagascar there is a powerful and well known …

Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Activity And Inhibition Of Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Release Of Il-8 In Ags Cells By Plant Extracts, Javed Yakoob, Zaigham Abbas, Rustam Khan, Muhammad Waqas Usman, Saeed Hamid, Safia Awan, Kanza Shamim, Syed Faisal Zaidi, Toshiro Sugiyama, Wasim Jafri

Section of Gastroenterology

Plants used in popular diet were studied for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and their effect on the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) from H. pylori infected gastric epithelial cells. Extracts were prepared of Allium sativum (A. sativum), Cuminum cyminum (C. cyminum),Piper nigrum (P. nigrum) and their mix in two different dilutions. AGS cell line and H. pyloristrains were used for co-culture experiments. Extracts bactericidal activity was determined by a viable colony count. ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) was used to determine IL-8 expression. DNA extracted from bacterial cells was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) …

Yield Of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy And Colonoscopy In Cancer Of Unknown Primary, Muhammad Tayyab Usmani, Abdullah Bin Khalid, Syed Hasnain Ali Shah, Tauseef Ahmad, Saeed S Hamid, Syed M. Wasim Jafri

Section of Gastroenterology

Objectives: Carcinoma of unknown primary origin (CUP) is heterogeneous group of cancers. Role of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in this entity is under investigated. Aim of this study was to evaluate yield of Colonoscopy and Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in localizing primary tumor in patients with CUP.

METHODOLOGY: Patients with histopathologically proven CUP who underwent colonoscopy / EGD to find the primary tumor from December 2009 to December 2011 were included in the study. Abdominal symptoms and cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 20 markers were correlated with presence of primary in GI tract.

Results: After giving informed consent 86 patients were included …

Global Analysis Of Sumo Chain Function Reveals Multiple Roles In Chromatin Regulation., Tharan Srikumar, Megan C Lewicki, Michael Costanzo, Johnny M Tkach, Harm Van Bakel, Kyle Tsui, Erica S Johnson, Grant W Brown, Brenda J Andrews, Charles Boone, Guri Giaever, Corey Nislow, Brian Raught

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Like ubiquitin, the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins can form oligomeric "chains," but the biological functions of these superstructures are not well understood. Here, we created mutant yeast strains unable to synthesize SUMO chains (smt3(allR)) and subjected them to high-content microscopic screening, synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis, and high-density transcript profiling to perform the first global analysis of SUMO chain function. This comprehensive assessment identified 144 proteins with altered localization or intensity in smt3(allR) cells, 149 synthetic genetic interactions, and 225 mRNA transcripts (primarily consisting of stress- and nutrient-response genes) that displayed a >1.5-fold increase in expression levels. This information-rich …