Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Interdisciplinary Model To Improve Completion Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment In The Refugee Population, Christine O'Leary, Pharmd, Marc Altshuler, Md, Kevin Scott, Md, Karen Kitagawa-James, Rn, Bsn, Maria Hervada-Paige, Mss

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Background: Refugees are disproportionately affected by latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB) compared to the general US population. More than 50% of TB cases in the US occur in foreign-born persons. In addition, approximately 80% of TB cases in the US are a result of reactivation of LTBI. Treatment of LTBI is effective to prevent and control TB. Unfortunately, LTBI treatment completion rates in the foreign-born are less than 50%. Methods: After conducting a retrospective chart review to establish baseline rates of treatment completion in our LTBI refugee patients, we implemented a model of prospective chart review, initial …

Intellectual Property And Public Health – A White Paper, Ryan G. Vacca, Jim Chen, Jay Dratler Jr., Tom Folsom, Timothy Hall, Yaniv Heled, Frank Pasquale, Elizabeth Reilly, Jeff Samuels, Kathy Strandburg, Kara Swanson, Andrew Torrance, Katharine Van Tassel

Akron Law Faculty Publications

On October 26, 2012, the University of Akron School of Law’s Center for Intellectual Property and Technology hosted its Sixth Annual IP Scholars Forum. In attendance were thirteen legal scholars with expertise and an interest in IP and public health who met to discuss problems and potential solutions at the intersection of these fields. This report summarizes this discussion by describing the problems raised, areas of agreement and disagreement between the participants, suggestions and solutions made by participants and the subsequent evaluations of these suggestions and solutions.

Led by the moderator, participants at the Forum focused generally on three broad …

Epilepsy, Hippocampal Sclerosis And Febrile Seizures Linked By Common Genetic Variation Around Scn1a., Dalia Kasperaviciute, Claudia B Catarino, Mar Matarin, Costin Leu, Jan Novy, Anna Tostevin, Bárbara Leal, Ellen V S Hessel, Kerstin Hallmann, Michael S Hildebrand, Hans-Henrik M Dahl, Mina Ryten, Daniah Trabzuni, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Saud Alhusaini, Colin P Doherty, Thomas Dorn, Jörg Hansen, Günter Krämer, Bernhard J Steinhoff, Dominik Zumsteg, Susan Duncan, Reetta K Kälviäinen, Kai J Eriksson, Anne-Mari Kantanen, Massimo Pandolfo, Ursula Gruber-Sedlmayr, Kurt Schlachter, Eva M Reinthaler, Elisabeth Stogmann, Fritz Zimprich, Emilie Théâtre, Colin Smith, Terence J O'Brien, K Meng Tan, Slave Petrovski, Angela Robbiano, Roberta Paravidino, Federico Zara, Pasquale Striano, Michael R Sperling, Russell J Buono, Hakon Hakonarson, João Chaves, Paulo P Costa, Berta M Silva, António M Da Silva, Pierre N E De Graan, Bobby P C Koeleman, Albert Becker, Susanne Schoch, Marec Von Lehe, Philipp S Reif, Felix Rosenow, Felicitas Becker, Yvonne Weber, Holger Lerche, Karl Rössler, Michael Buchfelder, Hajo M Hamer, Katja Kobow, Roland Coras, Ingmar Blumcke, Ingrid E Scheffer, Samuel F Berkovic, Michael E. Weale, Uk Brain Expression Consortium, Norman Delanty, Chantal Depondt, Gianpiero L Cavalleri, Wolfram S Kunz, Sanjay M Sisodiya

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Epilepsy comprises several syndromes, amongst the most common being mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Seizures in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis are typically drug-resistant, and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is frequently associated with important co-morbidities, mandating the search for better understanding and treatment. The cause of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is unknown, but there is an association with childhood febrile seizures. Several rarer epilepsies featuring febrile seizures are caused by mutations in SCN1A, which encodes a brain-expressed sodium channel subunit targeted by many anti-epileptic drugs. We undertook a genome-wide association …

Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Prognostic Factors And Course Of Recovery., Jai Hyung Park, Md, Camilo Restrepo, Md, Robert Norton, Md, Steven Mandel, Md, Peter F. Sharkey, Md, Javad Parvizi, Md

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Common peroneal nerve palsy (CPNP) is a serious complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There is little information regarding the clinical course and prognostic factors for recovery. Between January 2000 and December 2008, 44 patients (0.53%) developed CPNP following TKA and were matched to 100 control patients based on year of surgery, type of surgery and surgeon. Regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for recovery. A significant difference was seen in CPNP patients who were on average younger (62.1 years) and had higher BMI (34.5 kg/m(2)) than those who did not have nerve palsy (67.5 years and 31.8 …

Bringing Functional Family Probation Services To The Community: A Qualitative Case Study, Denise Lynmarie Austin

Dissertations and Theses

In March 2011, Multnomah County's Juvenile Services Division (JSD) in Portland, Oregon implemented a new program model called Functional Family Probation Services, a case management model based on the principles of Functional Family Therapy. Under this model JSD Juvenile Court Counselors deliver Functional Family Probation Services to medium and high-risk youth on probation; both to the youth and their family in their home. This qualitative case study examined the extent to which the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers implemented Functional Family Probation Service's components and recorded their opinions regarding Functional Family Probation Services as a case management model. …

A New Health Informatics Course: A Funded Collaboration, Xinyu Yu

SLIS Connecting

Information access is considered critical to the public health workforce, which involves informatics, communication, analytic assessment, and health education (NN/LM Public Health Training Workgroup, 2004). Information-oriented outreach to the public health workforce is challenging to libraries because the public health workforce is made up of diverse health professions and public health personnel are not aware if key information resources are available to them (Cogdill, 2007). The National Library of Medicine (NLM) funded information outreach to the public health workforce projects in different periods of time, which altogether reflect challenges of providing public health professionals with access to electronic health information …

I Don't Want To Save Second Base, Chelsea E. Broe

SURGE

Tomorrow kicks off Breast Cancer Awareness Month, and I have one request: This October, let’s not save second base.

I know, I know, you probably think this month is a good thing. If not for all of those T-shirts demanding every female-bodied person to feel their boobies, or the bracelets simply proclaiming “I love boobies,” people with breasts might forget that they even have them, or at the very least might start to think that their breasts are their own business. But the female body seems to be an object owned by the public, so we must always be reminded …

What's Happening: September 30, 2013, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Cost Estimation Methods And Foundational Public Health Capabilities, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

The National Academy of Sciences Institute of Medine recently recommended that the federal government identify the components and costs of a "minimum package of public health services" and "foundational public health capabilities" that should be universally available across the U.S. This presentation reviews costing methods that can be used for identifying the costs required to establish "foundational public health capabilities" at state and local levels within the U.S. public health system.

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis As An Innovative Approach To Managing Zoonoses: Results From A Study On Lyme Disease In Canada, Cécile Aenishaenslin, Valérie Hongoh, Hassane D. Cissé, Anne Gatewood Hoen

Dartmouth Scholarship

ackground: Zoonoses are a growing international threat interacting at the human-animal-environment interface and call for transdisciplinary and multi-sectoral approaches in order to achieve effective disease management. The recent emergence of Lyme disease in Quebec, Canada is a good example of a complex health issue for which the public health sector must find protective interventions. Traditional preventive and control interventions can have important environmental, social and economic impacts and as a result, decision-making requires a systems approach capable of integrating these multiple aspects of interventions. This paper presents the results from a study of a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach for …

Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Guide To Diagnosis In Primary Care, Alec Rimmasch Jr., Patricia K. Ravert

Faculty Publications

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been a diagnosis for approximately a decade in the medical field. Although FAI was once considered uncommon, it is now documented as 1 of the most common hip disorders. FAI is a variance or overgrowth within the femoral head neck space, acetabular ring, labrum, or cartilage. Patients with FAI frequently present in a general practice setting and endure months of pain and physical therapy before a correct diagnosis is ascertained. Understanding FAI and appropriate treatment and diagnostic procedures will facilitate early diagnosis in the primary care setting, providing the best chance for patient recovery.

Daviess County Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Study, Dr. Vijay Golla, Dr. Ritchie Taylor, Jacob Eagleson, Ethan Givan, Richard Payne

Public Health Faculty Publications

This report presents the results of a Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Study for Daviess County, KY. Study components were conducted by Western Kentucky University in partnership with Daviess County Emergency Management Agency. The study area was focused in Daviess County and included a railway-monitoring site near Henderson, KY. A map of the Daviess County is shown in Figure 1.1. As part of this study, hazardous materials (hazmats) transported through the study area were monitored via placard surveys at the following sites: U.S. Highway 60 (Hwy 60), east and westbound lanes at East Fourth Street & the Hwy 60 Bypass (U.S. …

Building The Science Of Delivery: Public Health Services & Systems Research, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Studying variation and innovation in public health delivery can identify pathways for improving the organization, financing, and implementation of programs and policies that protect and promote health.

Methods For Diagnosis, Prognosis And Treatment Of Primary And Metastatic Basal-Like Breast Cancer And Other Cancer Types, Partha S. Ray, Sanjay Bagaria, Xiaojiang Cui, Jinhua Wang

Technology Transfer - Patents

In one embodiment, a method of theranostic classification of a breast cancer tumor is provided, comprising obtaining a breast cancer tumor sample from a subject, detecting an expression level of FOXC1, comparing the expression level of FOXC1 to a predetermined cutoff level, and classifying the breast cancer tumor sample as belonging to a theranostic basal-like breast cancer tumor subtype or a theranostic hybrid basal-like breast cancer tumor subtype when the expression level of FOXC1 is higher than the predetermined cutoff level. In other embodiments, methods for predicting a prognosis of a basal-like breast cancer and methods of treating a basal-like …

The Santa Clara, 2013-09-26, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Adolescents And Parents' Perceptions Of Best Time For Sex And Sexual Communications From Two Communities In The Eastern And Volta Regions Of Ghana: Implications For Hiv And Aids Education, Emmanuel Asampong, Joseph Osafo, Jeffrey Bingenheimer, Clement Ahiadeke

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background

Adolescents and parents’ differ in their perceptions regarding engaging in sexual activity and protecting themselves from pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The views of adolescents and parents from two south-eastern communities in Ghana regarding best time for sex and sexual communications were examined.

Methods

Focus Group interviews were conducted with parents and adolescents (both In-school and Out-of school) from two communities (Somanya and Adidome) in the Eastern and Volta regions of Ghana with epidemiological differentials in HIV infection.

Results

Findings showed parents and adolescents agree that the best timing for sexual activity amongst adolescents is determined by socioeconomic …

Miller To Receive Iwu’S School Of Nursing Distinguished Alumni Award, Hannah Dhue

News and Events (Discontinued Series)

No abstract provided.

Explanations For An Increased Cesarean Birth Rate In Guayaquil, Ecuador, Melissa Kemp, Dr. Sheri Palmer

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Over 850,000 unnecessary C-sections are performed each year in Latin America (Belizán, Althabe, Barros, & Alexander, 1999). According to a recent annual report of the Sotomayor Maternity Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador, 58% of total births were cesarean (Junta de B., 2004). In comparison, the overall cesarean rate in the U.S. (which is also high according to medical recommendations) is reported to be about 27% (NCHS, 2003). Unnecessary cesarean sections have resulted in increased infection, hemorrhage, damage to abdominal and urinary tract organs, drug complications, prematurity, increased neonatal illness, and longer hospitalization (Sloan et al, 2000). These reported rates in Ecuador …

Nursing Practice In Tucumán, Argentina As Seen By An American Nursing Student, Heather Merie Buzbee, Catherine Coverston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Nurses form the backbone of healthcare systems around the globe. Unfortunately, throughout the world there is a nursing shortage (WHO, 2004). Argentina, like many other nations throughout the world, is a country struggling with the current shortage. The most recent statistics show that in Argentina there is one nurse to every 1851.9 people (PAHO, 1998). In comparison, in the United States, where the nursing shortage is often in the news, the nurse to population ratio is 1 to 102.9, meaning that there are proportionally nearly eighteen times more nurses in the U.S. as in Argentina (WHO 2004).

Family Adaptation To Children With Chronic Conditions In East London, South Africa, Aimee Latta, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Raising children with chronic conditions often is a source of stress on the family unit . While many studies in the past conducted in South Africa have focused on the etiology or disease process itself, the effects of the children’s condition on family adaptation and daily life have frequently been overlooked. Further, out of the estimated 2,100,000 children world wide who are living with HIV/AIDS, 1,900,000 are residing in Sub-Saharan Africa . Due to this escalating number, the effects of children who are living with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa on family life cannot go unnoticed. In addition, by increasing awareness …

Nursing Research: What Do Undergraduate Nursing Students Know About Research And How To Get Involved In Present Research?, Kirk A. Roberts, Dr. Joan Baldwin

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Research is an integral part of any profession. The profession of Nursing uses research as a means to improve patient care and enhance the quality of nursing practice. The College of Nursing also uses nursing research as a “thread” in the complete woven picture of nursing practice. Yet this “thread” typically has been reserved for faculty and graduate students. Undergraduate students have lacked the knowledge of how to become involved therefore have maintained that research is strictly for faculty and graduate students.

Sleep Deprivation And Subsequent Nursing Errors In The Hospital Setting, Whitney L. O'Reilly, Catherine Coverston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The current state of health care in America presents some difficult problems with its increased need for nurses along with a significant nursing shortage. There is an approaching aging baby-boomer population along with an aging nurse population resulting in increased nurse workloads and fewer nurses to manage them. Many nurses work longer hours with more patients and pick up extra shifts to make up for the decreased employees. Their sleep is what suffers. As a young nursing student, I began to see and experience for myself the effects of fatigue on nursing care during long 12-hour shifts. I became incredulous …

Attitudes Toward Hpv Vaccination Among Utah Parents, Michelle Onofrio, Dr. Erin Maughan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In 2006, the FDA approved a vaccine that prevents cervical cancer by guarding against the sexually transmitted human papillomavirus (HPV), which is responsible for 99% of cases of cervical cancer. The vaccine, called Gardasil, is currently routinely recommended for girls age 11-12 years. Because routine vaccination is recommended for such a young age group, parents will largely determine the success of Gardasil. Although research has indicated acceptance of the vaccine among parents has been high, a number of parental concerns have been raised which may still alter nationwide vaccine support. Due to Utah’s low childhood immunization rates and largely conservative …

Student Satisfaction With Simulation Experiences, Angeline Abdo, Dr. Patricia Ravert

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Background: Patient simulators are used in some nursing schools to simulate patient scenarios. Methods: Nursing students participated in five sessions using the simulator and completed a student perception instrument. Results: Participants felt the experiences recreated real-life situations and then tested clinical decision-making. The results indicated an increase in their confidence when going into the real clinical setting and the experience prepared them for the “real-life” clinical setting. Conclusions: Overall patient simulator experiences enhance learning. Further research regarding student perceptions and instrument validation would contribute to an understanding of the use of patient simulators in nursing education.

Assessment Of Hand Washing Techniques In The Emergency Room, Through Observation And Survey, As A Determinant Of The High Nosocomial Infection Rate At The Luis Vernaza General Hospital In Guayaquil, Ecuador, Susan Hardy, Dr. Sheri Palmer

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Hospital acquired infections, or nosocomial infections, have been recognized by experts such as Semmelweiss, Holmes, Nightingale, and Lister as a critical problem world wide for over 150 years. These infections greatly affect the quality of patient care provided in the hospitals. A hospital acquired infection is defined as an infection for which there is no presence of at the time of admission (Creedon, 2005). These infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity, mortality and prolonged hospital stays; resulting in extra costs to patients and health services (Panhotra, 2005). Transmission of microorganisms via the hands of health care workers …

Solvent Dependency Of The Uv-Vis Spectrum Of Indenoisoquinolines: Role Of Keto-Oxygens As Polarity Interaction Probes., Andrea Coletta, Silvia Castelli, Giovanni Chillemi, Nico Sanna, Mark S. Cushman, Yves Pommier, Alessandro Desideri

Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty Publications

Indenoisoquinolines are the most promising non-campthotecins topoisomerase IB inhibitors. We present an integrated experimental/computational investigation of the UV-Vis spectra of the IQNs parental compound (NSC314622) and two of its derivatives (NSC724998 and NSC725776) currently undergoing Phase I clinical trials. In all the three compounds a similar dependence of the relative absorption intensities at 270 nm and 290 nm on solvent polarity is found. The keto-oxygens in positions 5 and 11 of the molecular scaffold of the molecule are the principal chromophores involved in this dependence. Protic interactions on these sites are also found to give rise to absorptions at wavelengthsolution, …

Modified Impact Of Emotion On Temporal Discrimination In A Transgenic Rat Model Of Huntington Disease, Alexis Faure, Mouna Es-Sesddiqi, Bruce L. Brown, Hoa P. Nguyen, Olaf Riess, Stephan Von Hörsten, Pascale Le Blanc, Nathalie Desvignes, Bruno Bozon, Nicole El Massioui, Valérie Doyère

Publications and Research

Huntington's disease (HD) is characterized by triad of motor, cognitive, and emotional symptoms along with neuropathology in fronto-striatal circuit and limbic system including amygdala. Emotional alterations, which have a negative impact on patient well-being, represent some of the earliest symptoms of HD and might be related to the onset of the neurodegenerative process. In the transgenic rat model (tgHD rats), evidence suggest emotional alterations at the symptomatic stage along with neuropathology of the central nucleus of amygdala (CE). Studies in humans and animals demonstrate that emotion can modulate time perception. The impact of emotion on time perception has never been …

An Investigation Of The Perceptions Of Women Three To Nine Months After A Childbirth Experience, Ethel Tovar, Dr. Lynn C. Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A woman’s childbirth experience is unique and can have a lasting impact, initially affecting neonatal care and impacting perspectives on the childbirth experience . This experience can be perceived as an overwhelming event for primiparous mothers, which can lead to a sense of vulnerability. For this reason, at the time of delivery, birth plan decisions may be malleable.

Child Perceptions Of Clinical Trials, Jaclyn F. Wood, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this research project was to talk to children who participated in a clinical trial and obtain their perceptions surrounding their own involvement in the clinical trial. In a previous ORCA funded project I analyzed interviews with the parents to find out their perceptions. In this project I conducted interviews with the children and gained their insight concerning their involvement in the clinical trial.

Developmental Care: Strengthening Infants And Families In Egypt, Meredith D. Burt, Catherine Coverston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There is a striking and jarring difference between the world in the womb and the outside world. This great difference in environments can be very stressful on preterm and newborn infants. There is significant emphasis in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) on medical interventions to support and protect underdeveloped organs. Nutritional and environmental needs have received less attention. However, significant work is being done in both these areas. This project focuses on the effects of environmental factors.