Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Helmcop: An Online Resource For Helminth Functional Genomics And Drug And Vaccine Targets Prioritization, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M. Taylor, Makedonka Mitreva

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Serum Response Factor Is Required For Cortical Axon Growth But Is Dispensable For Neurogenesis And Neocortical Lamination, Paul P.Y. Lu, Narendrakumar Ramanan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Not All Nosocomial Escherichia Coli Bacteriurias Are Catheter Associated, Jonas Marschall, Kyle N. Ota, Jeffrey P. Henderson, David K. Warren, Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Epicenters Program

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Banf1 Is Required To Maintain The Self-Renewal Of Both Mouse And Human Embryonic Stem Cells, Jesse L. Cox, Sunil K. Mallanna, Briana D. Ormsbee, Michelle Desler, Matthew S. Wiebe, Angie Rizzino

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Self-renewal is a complex biological process necessary for maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Recent studies have used global proteomic techniques to identify proteins that associate with the master regulators Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in ESCs or in ESCs during the early stages of differentiation. Through an unbiased proteomic screen, Banf1 was identified as a Sox2- associated protein. Banf1 has been shown to be essential for worm and fly development but, until now, its role in mammalian development and ESCs has not been explored. In this study, we examined the effect of knocking down Banf1 on ESCs. We …

Delineation Of Two Clinically And Molecularly Distinct Subgroups Of Posterior Fossa Ependymoma, Hendrik Witt, Stephen C. Mack, Marina Ryzhova, Sebastian Bender, Martin Sill, Ruth Isserlin, Axel Benner, Thomas Hielscher, Till Milde, Marc Remke, David T. W. Jones, Paul A. Northcott, Livia Garzia, Kelsey C. Bertrand, Andrea Wittmann, Yuan Yao, Stephen S. Roberts, Luca Massimi, Tim Van Meter, William A. Weiss, Nalin Gupta, Wiesia Grajkowska, Boleslaw Lach, Yoon-Jae Cho, Andreas Von Deimling, Andreas E. Kulozik, Olaf Witt, Gary D. Bader, Cynthia E. Hawkins, Uri Tabori, Abhijit Guha, James T. Rutka, Peter Lichter, Andrey Korshunov, Michael D. Taylor, Stefan M. Pfister

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Despite the histological similarity of ependymomas from throughout the neuroaxis, the disease likely comprises multiple independent entities, each with a distinct molecular pathogenesis. Transcriptional profiling of two large independent cohorts of ependymoma reveals the existence of two demographically, transcriptionally, genetically, and clinically distinct groups of posterior fossa (PF) ependymomas. Group A patients are younger, have laterally located tumors with a balanced genome, and are much more likely to exhibit recurrence, metastasis at recurrence, and death compared with Group B patients. Identification and optimization of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for PF ependymoma subgroups allowed validation of our findings on a third independent …

Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition (Emt) Induced By Bleomycin Or TfgB1/Egf In Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Type Ii-Like Cells, Zaida A. Alipio, Nathan Jones, Wenbin Liao, Jianchang Yang, Shilpa Kulkarni, K. Sree Kumar, Martin Hauer-Jensen, David C. Ward, Yupo Ma, Louis M. Fink

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are derived from reprogrammed somatic cells and are similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, gene/protein expression, and pluripotency. In this study, we explored the potential of iPS cells to differentiate into alveolar Type II (ATII)-like epithelial cells. Analysis using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining showed that pulmonary surfactant proteins commonly expressed by ATII cells such as surfactant protein A (SPA), surfactant protein B (SPB), and surfactant protein C (SPC) were unpregulated in the differentiated cells. Microphilopodia characteristics and lamellar bodies were observed by transmission electron microscopy and lipid deposits …

Stress Relief To Augment Fertility: The Pressure Mounts, William H. Catherino

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Current studies have not conclusively demonstrated an objective and consistent marker of an aberrant stress response; an effect of such a stress response on reproductive outcome; or a benefit of counseling on reproductive outcome in such patients.

Print And Digital Media Reviews: Atlas Of Virtual Colonoscopy, 2nd Edition. Abraham H. Dachman And Andrea Laghi, Editors., Brooks D. Cash

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The format of this eminently readable hardcover volume is logically arranged in 2 sections: Part 1 accounts for about 50% of the book and consists of 12 text-based chapters; part 2 consists of conventional atlas images. All told there are nearly 700 images included throughout the book. Part 1 begins with an overview of the history and development of CTC, placing the technology in historical and clinical context for the reader. This is followed by various first-person reports regarding the global implementation of CTC from a panel of international investigators. Although not necessarily relevant to a US audience, this section …

Racial Disparities In Histopathologic Characteristics Of Uterine Cancer Are Present In Older, Not Younger Blacks In An Equal-Access Environment, Kate E. Oliver, Lindsey R. Enewold, Kangmin Zhu, Thomas P. Conrads, G. Scott Rose, G. Larry Maxwell, John J. Farley

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Objective. We sought to determine whether racial disparities in tumor characteristics among uterine cancer patients persisted, and varied by age, in an equal-access healthcare population.

Methods. The distributions of tumor histology, stage and grade by race were compared for uterine cancers diagnosed from 1990 to 2003 using data from the U.S. Department of Defense's Automated Central Tumor Registry. Comparisons were conducted overall and stratified by age (<50, ≥50) using the Chi-square test.

Results. Of 2582 uterine tumors identified, 2057 (79.7%) were diagnosed among White women and 183 (7.1%) among Black women. Among all women analyzed, Blacks were more likely than Whites to present with …

Linkages Between Anxiety And Outcomes In Heart Failure, Marla J. De Jong, Misook L. Chung, Jia-Rong Wu, Barbara Riegel, Mary Kay Rayens, Debra K. Moser

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Objective: We investigated the relationship between anxiety and event-free survival (ie, composite endpoint of death, emergency department visits, or hospitalizations) for patients with heart failure (HF), and examined whether behavioral and physiologic mechanisms mediate any association between anxiety and outcomes.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, patients with HF completed the anxiety subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory, and heart-rate variability and plasma norepinephrine levels were measured. Dietary adherence and medication adherence were measured according to 24-hour urine sodium level and the Medication Event Monitoring System, respectively. Patients were followed at least 1 year for event-free survival.

Results: In total, 147 …

Suicide In The United States Air Force: Risk Factors Communicated Before And At Death, Daniel W. Cox, Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Farrah N. Greene, Jennifer L. Bakalar, Christina L. Schendel, M. Elicia Nademin, David A. Jobes, David R. Englert, Michael Kindt

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background: Over the last decade, suicide rates in the U.S. military have steadily increased, resulting in a call for suicide-related research with military populations. The present project aimed to describe and evaluate the communications (i.e., verbally and in suicide notes) of 13 suicide risk factors in the suicide death investigation files of 98 active duty U.S. Air Force (USAF) members.

Methods: Two-hundred thirty-seven suicide death investigation files were coded. Ninety-eight decedents left suicide notes and were included in the current analyses. Descriptive statistics were computed to evaluate the types of risk factors most commonly communicated prior to and at the …

Surface Facial Electromyography, Skin Conductance, And Self-Reported Emotional Responses To Light- And Season-Relevant Stimuli In Seasonal Affective Disorder, Kathryn Tierney Lindsey, Kelly J. Rohan, Kathryn A. Roecklein, Jennifer N. Mahon

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background: Learned associations between depressive behavior and environmental stimuli signaling low light availability and winter season may play a role in seasonal affective disorder (SAD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether light and season environmental cues elicit emotional responses that are distinct in individuals with SAD.

Methods: Twenty-four currently depressed SAD participants were compared to 24 demographicallymatched controls with no depression history on emotional responses to outdoor scenes captured under two light intensity (i.e., clear, sunny vs. overcast sky) and three season (i.e., summer with green leaves, fall with autumn foliage, and winterwith bare trees) conditions. Emotion …

Bedside Estimation Of Patient Height For Calculating Ideal Body Weight In The Emergency Department, Christine R. Stehman, Robert G. Buckley, Frank L. Dos Santos, Robert H. Riffenburgh, Aaron Senson, Sheila Mulligan, Nathan Mjos, Matt Brewer

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background: Ideal body weight (IBW), which can be calculated using the variables of true height and sex, is important for drug dosing and ventilator settings. True height often cannot be measured in the emergency department (ED).

Objectives: Determine the most accurate method to estimate IBW using true height-based IBW that uses true height estimated by providers or patients compared to true height estimated by a regression formula using measured tibial length, and compare all to the conventional 70 kg male/60 kg female standard IBW.

Methods: Prospective, observational, double-blind, convenience sampling of stable adult patients in a tertiary care ED from …

P11 Expression And Pet In Bipolar Disorders, Lei Zhang, Cheng-Ta Li, Tung-Ping Su, Xian-Zhang Hu, Ruth A. Lanius, Maree J. Webster, Ming-Yi Chung, Ying-Sheue Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Jeffery L. Barker, James E. Barrett, Xiao-Xia Li, He Li, David M. Benedek, Robert Ursano

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common mental disorder, subdivided into BD-I and BD-II. Currently, few biomarkers differentiate BD-I from BD-II. However, it is suggested that peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) mRNA levels of p11 and positron emission tomography (PET) might be potential biomarkers for BD.

Methods: Healthy controls (HCs), BD-I, and BD-II patients in remission (n = 20 in each group) underwent a resting PET study with the radiotracer [¹⁸F]-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-_D-glucose (¹⁸F-FDG). PBMC p11 mRNA levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR.

Results: Comparing BD patients to HCs, normalized glucose metabolism (NGM) was higher …

Protein Kinase C Mediates Peroxynitrite Toxicity To Oligodendrocytes, Shihe Li, Wen Lin, Flaubert Tchantchou, Ruby Lai, Jie Wen, Yumin Zhang

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Peroxynitrite has been suggested to be the potent oxidant causing toxicity to neurons and oligodendrocytes (OLs). Our previous studies have illustrated that intracellular zinc liberation contributes to peroxynitrite toxicity to mature OLs. In this study, we further investigated the signaling pathways involved in this event and identified protein kinase C (PKC) as an important early signaling molecule. We found that a non-selective PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 blocked OL toxicity induced by a peroxynitrite generator SIN-1 and exogenous zinc. The protective effects were due to its inhibition on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and ROS generation. The same phenomenon was also observed in OLs following …

Anxiety Phenotype In Mice That Overexpress Protein Kinase A, Margaret F. Keil, George Briassoulis, Nirmal Gokarn, Maria Nesterova, T. John Wu, Constantine A. Stratakis

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling in the molecular pathways involved in fear and memory is well established. Prior studies in our lab reported that transgenic mice with an inactivating mutation in Prkar1a gene (codes for the 1-alpha regulatory subunit (R1α) of PKA) exhibited behavioral abnormalities including anxiety and depression. In the present study, we examined the role of altered PKA signaling on anxiety-like behaviors in Prkar1a^+/- mice compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and marble bury (MB) tests were used to assess anxiety-like behavior. The hotplate test was performed to …

Positive Emotional Style And Subjective, Cardiovascular And Cortisol Responses To Acute Laboratory Stress, Sophie Bostock, Mark Hamer, Andrew J. Wawrzyniak, Ellen S. Mitchell, Andrew Steptoe

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The relationships between positive emotional style and acute salivary cortisol and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress tasks were examined in 40 young women (mean age = 28.8 years). Positive emotional style (PES) was measured by aggregating daily positive mood rating scales over one week. Negative affect was assessed with the short form Profile of Mood States. Salivary cortisol was measured in response to two behavioural tasks, a 5 min speech task and a 5 min mirror tracing task. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate responses were monitored using a Finometer during baseline, tasks and recovery. Higher PES was associated with …

The 4th International Comparison On Epr Dosimetry With Tooth Enamel Part 1: Report On The Results, P. Fattibene, A. Wieser, E. Adolfsson, L. A. Benevides, M. Brai, F. Callens, V. Chumak, B. Ciesielski, S. Della Monaca, K. Emerich, H. Gustafsson, Y. Hirai, M. Hoshi, A. Israelsson, A. Ivannikov, D. Ivanov, J. Kaminska, Wu Ke, E. Lund, M. Marrale, L. Martens, C. Miyazawa, N. Nakamura, W. Panzer, S. Pivovarov, R. A. Reyes, M. Rodzi, A. A. Romanyukha, A. Rukhin, S. Sholom, V. Skvortsov, V. Sepanenko, M. A. Tarpan, H. Thierens, S. Toyoda, F. Trompier, E. Verdi, K. Zhumadilov

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

This paper presents the results of the 4th International Comparison of in vitro electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry with tooth enamel, where the performance parameters of tooth enamel dosimetry methods were compared among sixteen laboratories from all over the world. The participating laboratories were asked to determine a calibration curve with a set of tooth enamel powder samples provided by the organizers. Nine molar teeth extracted following medical indication from German donors and collected between 1997 and 2007 were prepared and irradiated at the Helmholtz Zentrum München. Five out of six samples were irradiated at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 …

Postoperative Lymphocele After Revision Circumferential Long-Segment Scoliosis Construct For Pseudarthrosis, Ronald A. Lehman Jr.

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The patient was a 69-year-old female who had previously undergone a T10-ilium posterior spinal fusion for lumbar scoliosis and spinal stenosis. She presented 2 years after the index procedure for new complaints of low back pain and midthoracic pain, and a feeling of ‘‘tipping over.’’ Scoliosis survey and computed tomography (CT) revealed proximal junctional kyphosis with cephalad degeneration and pseudarthrosis at L5–S1 and L3–L4. She subsequently underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion from L3 sacrum and revision posterior spinal fusion from T3 ilium the same day. She recovered uneventfully until she returned for follow-up approximately 3 weeks after surgery. At that …

Endovascular Balloon Occlusion Of The Aorta Is Superior To Resuscitative Thoracotomy With Aortic Clamping In A Porcine Model Of Hemorrhagic Shock, Joseph M. White, Jeremy W. Cannon, Adam Stannard, Nickolay P. Markov, Jerry R. Spencer, Todd E. Rasmussen

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background. Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially preventable death on the modern battlefield. The objective of this study is to characterize resuscitative aortic balloon occlusion (BO) compared to thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a model of hemorrhagic shock.

Methods. A total of 18 swine (3 groups; 6 animals/group) were used in this study. Swine in class IV shock underwent no aortic occlusion (NO), thoracotomy and clamp occlusion (CO), or endovascular BO. Animals in the NO group underwent direct placement of a temporary vascular shunt (TVS) at the injury site, whereas animals in the CO and BO groups …

Nicotine Induced Cpg Methylation Of Pax6 Binding Motif In Star Promoter Reduces The Gene Expression And Cortisol Production, Tingting Wang, Man Chen, Lian Liu, Huaiyan Cheng, You-E Yan, Ying-Hong Feng, Hui Wang

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mediates the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of steroid hormones, essential to fetal development. We have reported that the StAR expression in fetal adrenal is inhibited in a rat model of nicotine-induced intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Here using primary human fetal adrenal cortex (pHFAC) cells and a human fetal adrenal cell line NCI-H295A, we show that nicotine inhibits StAR expression and cortisol production in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and prolongs the inhibitory effect on cells proliferating over 5 passages after termination of nicotine treatment. Methylation detection within the StAR promoter region uncovers a single …

Schistosoma Comparative Genomics: Integrating Genome Structure, Parasite Biology And Anthelmintic Discovery, Martin T. Swain, Denis M. Larkin, Conor R. Caffrey, Stephen J. Davies, Alex Loukas, Patrick J. Skelly, Karl F. Hoffmann

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Schistosoma genomes provide a comprehensive resource for identifying the molecular processes that shape parasite evolution and for discovering novel chemotherapeutic or immunoprophylactic targets. Here, we demonstrate how intragenus and intergenus comparative genomics can be used to drive these investigations forward, illustrate the advantages and limitations of these approaches and review how post-genomic technologies offer complementary strategies for genome characterisation. Although sequencing and functional characterisation of other schistosome/platyhelminth genomes continues to expedite anthelmintic discovery, we contend that future priorities should equally focus on improving assembly quality, and chromosomal assignment, of existing schistosome/platyhelminth genomes.

Giant Viruses, James L. Van Etten

James Van Etten Publications

The common view of viruses, mostly true, is of tiny burglars that sneak into cells, grab the biosynthetic controls and compel the cell to make huge numbers of progeny that break out of the cell and keep the replication cycle going. Viruses are supposed to be diminutive even compared to cells that are just a micrometer (1,000 nanometers) in diameter. They are supposed to travel light, making do with just a few well-adapted genes.

In 1992, a new microorganism was isolated from a power-plant cooling tower in Bradford, England, where Timothy Robotham, a microbiologist at Leeds Public Health Laboratory, was …

Tca Cycle Inactivation In Staphylococcus Aureus Alters Nitric Oxide Production In Raw 264.7 Cells, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Donald J. Gardner, James M. Musser, David J. Steffen, Greg A. Somerville, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureus tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle delays the resolution of cutaneous ulcers in a mouse soft tissue infection model. In this study, it was observed that cutaneous lesions in mice infected with wild-type or isogenic aconitase mutant S. aureus strains contained comparable inflammatory infiltrates, suggesting the delayed resolution was independent of the recruitment of immune cells. These observations led us to hypothesize that staphylococcal metabolism can modulate the host immune response. Using an in vitro model system involving RAW 264.7 cells, the authors observed that cells cultured with S. aureus aconitase mutant strains produced significantly lower amounts …

Mir-27b*, An Oxidative Stress-Responsive Microrna Modulates Nuclear Factor-Kb Pathway In Raw 264.7 Cells, Sivasubramani Thulasingam, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Hongjiu Dai, Shahlo Yarbaeva, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Jean-Jack Riethoven, James Eudy, Marjorie F. Lou, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in macrophages is critical for microbial killing, but they also take part in inflammation and antigen presentation functions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous regulators of gene expression, and they can control immune responses. To dissect the complex nature of ROS-mediated effects in macrophages, we sought to characterize miRNAs that are responsive to oxidative stress-induced with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. We have identified a set of unique miRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to H₂O₂. These include miR-27a*, miR-27b*, miR-29b*, miR-24-2*, …

Acute Renal Failure Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy In The Intensive Care Unit: Impact On Prognostic Assessment For Shared Decision-Making, Robert F. Johnson Jr., Jillian Gustin

Peer Reviewed Articles

A 69 year-old female was receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) for acute renal failure (ARF) in an intensive care unit (ICU). Consultation was requested from the palliative medicine service to facilitate a shared decision-making process regarding goals of care.

Clinician responsibility in shared decision-making includes the formulation and expression of a prognostic assessment providing the necessary perspective for a spokesperson to match patient values with treatment options. For this patient, ARF requiring RRT in the ICU was used as a focal point for preparing a prognostic assessment. A prognostic assessment should include the outcomes of most importance to a discussion …

Loma Linda Nurse - Vol. 19, No. 01, Loma Linda University School Of Nursing

Loma Linda Nurse

Contents

2 | From the dean: Marilyn Herrmann shares her thoughts

Features

4 | Michael Rettig’s journey of service

6 | Katty Joy French—in her own words

8 | Alumnus takes on prison reform in California

News

9 | LLUSN adds two new programs— Doctor of nursing practice and nurse anesthetist (MS)

Development

10 | Scholarship updates

11 | Giving beyond the checkbook

Alumni homecoming

12 | KJN Society Brunch honors friends

13 | LLUSN celebrates alumni and friends with homecoming weekend

14 | Honored classes celebrate during alumni homecoming

15 | A note from the alumni president

16 | …

The Role Of Policy And The Built Environment On Children's In-School Physical Activity In The Mississippi Delta, Abigail Gamble

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

School environments provide an ideal setting for children to develop and adopt active living behaviors as a way of life. The primary purpose of this investigation was to describe state, district and school level policy regarding in-school physical activity, the school built environment and in-school physical activity of children ages 6 through 11 years in the Mississippi delta. A mixed-methods approach was used to garner a rich understanding of how current policy and the built environment influence in-school physical activity and weight status. Eleven public schools in three districts representing two counties in the Mississippi delta participated in this investigation. …

State Agency Promising Practice: New Hampshire - Translating Research Into A Position Statement About Integrated Employment, Jennifer Bose, Thinkwork! At The Institute For Community Inclusion At Umass Boston

ThinkWork! Publications

New Hampshire’s Bureau of Developmental Services, Department of Vocational Rehabilitation, other state and local service providers, advocates, and families are committed to increasing the employment rate and the quality of employment outcomes for people with developmental disabilities. These stakeholders met to craft an employment position statement. They framed their discussions according to factors that research has found to be common to “high-performing” states in providing integrated employment opportunities. Then they developed an employment position statement that satisfied all the groups involved, and communicated their shared belief in the importance of integrated employment as a means toward community inclusion.

State Agency Promising Practice: Oregon’S Employment Support Website - Communicating The Employment First Policy, Jennifer Bose, Thinkwork! At The Institute For Community Inclusion At Umass Boston

ThinkWork! Publications

In 2009, the state of Oregon adopted its Employment First policy. When Oregon’s Office of Developmental Disabilities Services (DDS) decided to promote the implementation of this policy, it began by updating its existing employment website. The redesigned website (http:// www.dhs.state.or.us/dd/supp_emp/) emphasizes the value of integrated employment over other outcomes, and the importance of building community-wide conversations, with the goal of achieving integrated employment for people with developmental disabilities. The website shares the value of integrated employment with all targeted audiences by highlighting resources and illustrating employment successes. It was also designed to share information on the Oregon’s progress and concrete …