Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Systemic Inflammation In The Development Of Equine Laminitis, Elizabeth Maryrose Tadros

Doctoral Dissertations

Laminitis is a crippling disease of horses that can result in chronic lameness and debilitation, and sometimes warrants euthanasia. It is a complication of inflammatory conditions such as gastrointestinal disease, and also occurs in obese, insulin-resistant horses with Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS). Inflammation and insulin resistance are risk factors for laminitis, and these mechanisms might converge to induce laminitis in susceptible animals.

Systemic inflammation is often attributed to endotoxemia, although circulating endotoxin concentrations are not commonly measured in the clinical setting. Although a theoretic basis exists for endotoxemia in the pathogenesis of laminitis, administration of endotoxin alone does …

Cellular Poly(C) Binding Proteins 1 And 2 Interact With Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nonstructural Protein 1Β And Support Viral Replication, Lalit Beura, Phat X. Dinh, Fernando A. Osorio, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection of swine results in substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Identification of cellular factors involved in PRRSV life cycle not only will enable a better understanding of virus biology but also has the potential for the development of antiviral therapeutics. The PRRSV nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) has been shown to be involved in at least two important functions in the infected hosts: (i) mediation of viral subgenomic (sg) mRNA transcription and (ii) suppression of the host’s innate immune response mechanisms. To further our understanding of the role of the viral …

A Non-Invasive Assay For Monitoring Stress Responses: A Comparison Between Wild And Captive-Reared Rainbowfish (Melanoteania Duboulayi), Amina Zuberi, Sinan Ali, Culum Brown

Aquaculture Collection

The stress response of wild and captive reared rainbowfish (Melanoteania duboulayi) following chasing by a simulated predator was examined. Cortisol release rate was monitored using a flow through system by measuring water borne hormone levels. Tests using known cortisol concentrations revealed that the technique yielded 95% of the cortisol present in the water. Cortisol release rates increased several fold in both populations after being chased but peaked at different time periods. Wild fish showed a typical stress response with release rate rising to (2.29±0.22 ng g⁻¹ h⁻¹) 2 h after exposure followed by rapid recovery. The captive-reared …

Induction Of Cervical Relaxation For Artificial Insemination In Sheep, Sukanya Leethongdee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In general, artificial insemination (AI) in sheep using frozen-thawed (FT) semen in commercial scale islimited due to the fact that the FT semen of sheep needs to be deposited into the uterus to achieve an acceptablefertility rate. Laparoscopic insemination with FT semen gives commercially acceptable fertility rates, however it is noteconomical and animal friendly. An alternative method is trans-cervical AI (TCAI). However, the unusual anatomy ofthe sheep cervix is a major limitation to this technique. In ewe, the cervical lumen has a convoluted and tortuousstructure that looks like a corkscrew consisting of internal cervical rings. The internal folds of the …

Reproductive Loss Due To Pestivirus Infection In Dairy Cattle Herds In Thailand, Jaruwan Kampa, Uthaiwan Sigh-Na, Kwankate Kanistanon, Suneerat Aiumlamai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infection with bovine pestivirus, Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV), causes significant loss in cattleproduction worldwide. A new type of bovine pestivirus, atypical pestivirus, was identified in natural infected calffirstly in Khon Kaen, Thailand in 2004. The epidemiological studies have been done in the area, but loss inreproduction due to the infection has never been accessed. This study aims to investigate losses in herd’sreproduction and update epidemiological data in the population where atypical pestivirus was found. During 2008-2009, 420 dairy herds in the area were classified according to infective status into high-positive and non-infectiveherds by antibody analysis in bulk tank milk …

Immune Response Of Lion’S Paw Scallop Nodipecten Subnodosus (Sowerby, 1835) Challenged With Vibrio Alginolyticus, Erick Ramses Ramírez–Castillo, Marcial Arellano-Martínez, Bertha Patricia Ceballos-Vázquez, Héctor Abelardo González-Ocampo, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzmán, Antonio Luna-González

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Immune response of Lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus to the challenge of Vibrio alginolyticus strainAPSA2 was studied through the characterization of the activity of lysosomal enzymes and hemocyte size andnumber. Samples were obtained as hemocyte lysate supernatant (HLS) and plasma, after 6 and 24 hours, and 3, 6, and10 days after challenge. The enzymatic activity was tested by colorimetric and lysoplate assay techniques. Betweensampling times, significant differences in enzymatic activity determined by the colorimetric technique were found.The enzymatic activity was significantly higher in HLS than in plasma; in addition more enzymes were detected inHLS as compared with plasma. The enzymes …

Heart Rate Change During Aquatic Exercise In Small, Medium And Large Healthy Dogs, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Siriphun Kongsawasdi, Bussaba Chuatrakoon, Terdsak Yano

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was divided into two experiments. For the first experiment, heart rates during exercise of 21healthy male dogs were recorded. The animals were brought to swim every 2 days, 8 times in all, for 10 minutes.Heart rates were measured every minute using a pulse watch. For the second experiment, 134 healthy adult dogswere categorized into three groups: small (41), medium (51) and large breed (42). Their heart rates were measuredevery minute for 34 minutes after the 5th swimming. In the first experiment, the heart rates during the 1st–4thswimming were significantly higher (p<0.05) than during the 5th 8th swimming. In the second experiment, the heartrates were significantly different (p<0.05) between small, medium and large dogs. No correlations were foundbetween weight, age, and heart rate. From the results of the second experiment, we were able to formulate anequation for predictable heart rate of each group of dogs (small, medium and large dogs). From the results, werecommend that the limits on the length of time spent for aquatic exercise should be 15–30 minutes, depending on thebreed (size) of dog. Moreover, there should be trainers observing each dog to prevent over-exercise.

Body Surface Potentials Generated By The Heart Of Normal Guinea Pigs, Anusak Kijtawornrat, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon, Orlando P. Simonetti, Robert L. Hamlin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to describe (1) the form of body surface potentials for P, QRS and ST-Tcomponents using semiorthogonal ECG leads and vectorcardiograms (VCGs), (2) the instability of the QT usingcoefficient of variation compared with 3 other published methods, and (3) the frequency-domain characteristics of theQRS complex. Electrocardiograms were recorded and VCGs of P, QRS and ST-T loops were generated in frontal (Xaxisversus Y-axis), sagittal (Y-axis versus Z-axis), and horizontal (X-axis versus Z-axis) planes. Frequency-domaincomponents of the QRS complex were calculated using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. One of the 7 guineapigs was placed in sternal recumbency …

Expression Of Aheabc Efflux System And Plasmid Profile Of Aeromonas Hydrophila Isolates From Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Mintra, Mintra Lukkana, Janenut Wongtavatchai, Rungtip Chuanchuen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fifty Aeromonas hydrophila isolates from farmed Nile Tilapia were characterized for expression of AheABCmultidrug efflux system and plasmid profile. Thirty nine isolates (78%) expressed AheABC with production of 1.7 to221.3 folds more than AheB of A. hydrophila ATCC35654, the reference. This suggests that the AheABC efflux systemis not always constitutively expressed in the A. hydrophila clinical isolates. The isolates with less AheB expressionwere more resistant to antibiotics than those with high AheB expression. Seventeen isolates were found to carryplasmids that were arranged into 11 plasmid profiles. This is the first study of the AheABC efflux system in A.hydrophila isolates from …

Acute And Chronic Toxicity Of Moringa Oleifera Linn Leaves Extracts, Songpol Chivapat, Pornchai Sincharoenpokai, Nalinphat Saktiyasuthorn, Aussavachai Shuaprom, Pratom Thongsrirak, Apirak Sakpetch, Anudep Rungsipipat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Moringa oleifera leaves have been reported to possess potential hypotensive and hypocholesterolemic andhypoglycemic activities; nevertheless toxicological data of this herb in animal models have still been scanty. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate both acute and chronic toxicity of the water extract of M. oleifera leaves by oraladministration. Acute toxicity test in mice by gavage with the extract twice, each at the dose of 10 g/kg, revealed thatthe extract produced no acute toxic symptoms and gross lesions of vital organs. Chronic toxicity study wasinvestigated in eighty Wistar rats allocated into four groups, each of ten per sex. Group 1 …

Prevalence Of And Risk Factors Of Patellar Luxation In Dogs In Chiang Mai, Thailand, During The Years 2006–2011, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Terdsak Yano

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to report on the incidence of patellar luxation in 128 dogs out of a total of 317dogs (40.3%) treated at orthopedic clinics in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from October 2006 through May 2011. Patellarluxation was most frequently found in small breeds, among which Poodles were the most commonly affected (34.3%).Most luxations were medial (89%), and 57.8% of affected dogs were female. Uniluxation of the patella was found in63%, and biluxation in 37%. Most dogs were classified as patellar luxation grade III. Cranial cruciate ligament rupturewas found only in medial patellar luxation grade IV. This study …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Toxicity Test Of Kameng (Eclipta Prostrate Linn.) And Kradhuawean (Spilanthes Acmella (Linn.) Murr.) To Early Life Stage Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Aranya, Aranya Ponpornpisit, Nopadon Pirarat, Wanwipa Suthikrai, Anong Binwihok

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The toxicity of Kameng (Eclipta prostrate Linn.) and Kradhuawean (Spilanthes acmella (Linn.) Murr.) onzebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos was investigated. An aqueous crude extract of the leaves of each plant was tested withnewly spawned embryos in 96 well plates. The observed effect was based on the toxicity endpoint composed of lethal,sublethal and malformation effects appearing at 24, 48 and 144 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The results suggest thatthe lowest observed effect concentrations (LOEC) for a lethal and sublethal effect of Eclipta prostrate Linn. at 48 hpfwere 1% and 0.1% while the no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) for the lethal and sublethal effects …

Efficacy Of Acetone And Ethanol In Dehydrating Canine Body Sheets :Before And After Resin Coating, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Pawana Chuesiri, Pakorn Prachammuang, Panida Phisiriyuenyong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of ethanol and acetone in dehydration of canine bodysheets before preservation in resin for a 16-week period. A 10-kg male dog which died of the respiratory failure waspreserved in 10% formalin via common carotid artery at room temperature for 7 days prior to being kept in a freezerat -250C for 7 days. The body of the dog was cut into 2.5-cm-thick sheets with a band saw. The body sheets wereseparately dehydrated for 3 days with either acetone or ethanol. In this study, the color of muscles and fat fromacetone-dehydrated sheets …

The Queen Sirikit Royal Veterinary Service For The Rural Project, Supol Luengyosluechakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ovarian Follicular Patterns And Hormone Profile In Thai Native Cattle (Bos Indicus), Denpong Sakhong, Thevin Vongpralub, Suporn Katawatin, Saksiri Sirisathien

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to characterize the patterns of ovarian follicular waves, and FSH and P4concentration during estrous cycle in Thai native cattle (Bos indicus). Transrectal ultrasound examination of ovarieswas performed daily using a 7.5 MHz transducer and blood samples were collected after the ultrasound examinationduring May to August, 2010. There were 1-, 2- or 3-follicular waves per cycle in heifers, and 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-follicularwaves per cycle in cows. Moreover, in cows, only one cycle exhibited 4-follicular wave pattern. The majority of TNCcows (82.76%) exhibited a 3-follicular wave pattern, whereas the majority of heifers exhibited 2-(38.10%) …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Dietary Fiber, Ocimum Canum And Psyllium Seed, In High Cholesterol-Diet Fed Rats, Alisara Suriyasomboon, Annop Suriyasomboon, Surachai Chantip, Amorn Petchsom

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the long term effect of dietary fiber, Ocimum canum and psylliumseed, on body weight and lipid level in blood of high cholesterol-diet fed rats. A total of 36 rats were divided into 3groups. There were 6-male and 6-female rats in each group. The control group (CTR) received the standard dietadded with 2.5% cholesterol of dry feed (HCD). The Occimum canum (Trt-OC) and the psyllium seed group (Trt-PS)received the HCD added with Occimum canum and psyllium seed at the amount of 10% of the dry feed, respectively.Daily feed intake was recorded. Body weight …

A Study On The Association Between Number Of Impounded Days And Adoption Rate Of Stray Dogs At Public Animal Shelters In Changhua County, Taiwan, Meng-Chih Tung, Chang-Young Fei, Jeng-Tung Chiang, Kwong-Chung Tung

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

According to the adoption records of the animal shelter in Changhua county from 2004 to 2010, this studyinvestigated if there was a statistically advantageous length of shelter stay, from the time when dogs impounded untiltheir adoption. The adoption records during this period of time showed that a total of 1,533 dogs were adopted. Thenumber of days for dogs to be impounded was divided into different categories and the adoption rate (number ofdogs in each category divided by the total number of dogs being adopted) was calculated. Statistical analyses wereperformed to investigate the association between the number of days of impoundment …

Prevalence Of Henneguya Infections On Cage-Reared Channel Catfish Ictalurus Punctatus (Rafinesque) In Mexico, Jaime Luis Rábago-Castro, Ricardo Gomez-Flores, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzmán, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Carlos Ramírez-Pfeiffer, Jorge Loredo-Osti, Jesús Genaro Sánchez-Martínez

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of the present study was to determine the type of infection, species, the period and annual spatialprevalence, the effect of site, period and host size on prevalence of Henneguya infections in floating cages-raisedchannel catfish. Henneguya infections were detected in gills, fin adipose and skin, with mature spores measuring 58 to66 μm and 16 to 17 μm TL/BL. H. exilis was identified as the causing infection agent based on fresh cyst morphologyand spore measurements. In addition, mature spores measuring from 45 to 60 μm in TL and 14 to 19 μm in BL, wereobserved in the adipose tissue infections; …

The Use Of Commercial Soil Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit And Nested Pcr For Detection Of Leptospira In Farm Environment After Flooding In Taiwan, Ying-Bin Fuh, Wei-Yau Shia, Wei-Ming Lee, Ching-Lin Shyu, Chi-Young Wang, Chang-Young Fei

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Leptospirosis is a rapidly transmitted and flood-related disease. The number of cases usually increase in thecountries of Southeast Asia after flood damage during typhoon seasons. This disease also poses a potential threat toTaiwan due to its geographic characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a practical technique for anestimation of the distribution of Leptospira in natural environment, especially after flood damage. The aim of thisstudy was to demonstrate the use of commercial soil nucleic acid extraction kits with nested PCR in the detection ofLeptospira spp. in the farm environment. The detection limit for Leptospira DNA was 24.24 pg. A total …

Ejaculate Characteristics Of Captive Malayan Tapirs (Tapirus Indicus), Wanlaya Tipkantha, Budhan Pukazhenthi, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Ampika Thongphakdee, Umaporn Maikaew, Warisara Thomas, Daraka Tongthainan, Jessada Thaeonoen, Sumate Kamolnorranath, Mitchell Bush, Sitthawee Thongtipsiridech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aims of this study were to optimize semen collection by electroejaculation and characterize ejaculatecharacteristics in Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus). Eight adult males (4-20 years of age) were anesthetized using acombination of medetomidine HCl (0.012-0.018 mg/kg), butorphanol tartrate (0.012-0.018 mg/kg),and ketamine HCl(5-7 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly via a dart and subjected to electroejaculation. Ejaculates (milky-white toyellowish color) were successfully collected from all males. Averages (Mean±SD) of the seminal traits (volume, pH,osmolality, sperm concentration, total sperm motility, and viability) were 10.3±9.4 ml, 7.4±3.4, 278.6±13.3 mOsm,206.2±185.4x106 spermatozoa/ml , 24±15.4%, and 35.1±6.5%, respectively. Morphological analysis showed lowpercentage of normal spermatozoa 6.7±2.6 % with 39.2±8.5% …

Association Of Filaggrin (Flg) Gene Polymorphism With Canine Atopic Dermatitis In Small Breed Dogs, Gunnaporn Suriyaphol, Prapat Suriyaphol, Meena Sarikaputi, Sirin Theerawatanasirikul, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

As a cornified envelope protein, filaggrin (FLG) is involved in the formation and support of the skin barrier.FLG single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the position 64,297,022 (rs22588227) on canine chromosome 17 hasinitially been described as being associated with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) in Labrador Retrievers in UK. In thisstudy, we have examined whether the mentioned FLG SNP is associated with a susceptibility to CAD in small breeddogs, comprising 21 Poodles, 17 Shih tzus and 3 Pugs. Twelve of these subjects were dogs with atopy and wereassigned to the experiment group and the remaining 39 samples were healthy controls. The results …

Antimicrobial Sensitivity Of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli (Apec) Isolated From Chickens During 2007-2010, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Sarawoot Mooljuntee, Pongthai Boonkhum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fifty isolates of Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from chickens during 2007-2010 were invitro tested to 21 antimicrobial discs. The highest sensitivity of APEC was to fosfomycin (84%). The second sensitivityagainst enrofloxacin and norfloxacin was 70%. The antimicrobial sensitivity to colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin,sulfametroxazole+trimethoprim, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid and doxycycline were 66, 64, 62, 60, 58 and 52%,respectively. The antimicrobial resistance of APEC to tylosin, tilmicosin, tiamulin, lincomycin, amoxicillin, ampicillin,erythromycin, cephalexin and neomycin were 100, 100, 100, 94, 86, 82, 80, 72 and 62%, respectively.

Methanolic Activities Of Selected Weeds On Bacteria Isolated From Macrobrachium Rosenbergii Larvae, Najiah Musa, Nadirah Musa, Wan Nurhafizah Ibrahim, Mohd Zahrol Ariff Shariat, Arief Izzairy Zamani, Muhd Ranzi Abdullah, Tee Lea Wee, Mariam Marip, Laith Abdul Razak, Amar Sakhawi Awang Soh

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The methanolic crude extracts of three weeds, Soapbush or Koster’s Curse (Clidemia hirta), Spanish Flag orWest Indian Lantana (Lantana camara), and Indian rhododendron (Melastoma malabathricum) were studied for theirantibacterial properties. The crude extracts were tested against ten bacterial isolates from giant freshwater prawnlarvae, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Clidemia hirta extract showed the best MIC and MBC values against Vibrioalginolyticus which were 0.39 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. Following that, three lowest concentration ofmethanolic crude extracts; 0.195 mg/ml, 0.39 mg/ml, and 0.78 mg/ml, were added to V. alginolyticus culture andobserved for morphological changes via Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The cell wall of V. …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Winai Chansaisakorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Veterinary Medicine [A Career Paper], Kelcie Smith

Undergraduate Research Award

No abstract provided.

Heifer Estrous Cycle Stage Impacts Luteinizing And Growth Hormone Response To Kisspeptin, Brian K. Whitlock, Joseph A. Daniel, Robyn R. Wilborn, Barbara P. Steele, James L. Sartin

Animal Science Publications and Other Works

The reproductive neuropeptide, kisspeptin (KP), may have a role in regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion. Expression of KP and its receptor (Kiss1r) are developmentally and hormonally regulated. This study was conducted to determine the effects of KP on plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and GH in pubertal heifers during different functional reproductive stages. Heifers received a single injection of KP (100 pmole / kg) or saline intravenously during proestrus, estrus, and diestrus, and serial blood samples were collected for 3 hours to determine the response of both LH and GH after treatment. Mean concentrations of LH were increased …

Growing South Dakota (Fall 2011), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

Page] 2 Adapting for the Future: South Dakota 4-H Efforts Move Forward
[Page] 5 Regional Transitions: Eight Extension Centers to Open in October
[Page] 6 College News [Page] 8 Making a Difference with Research: Ag Experiment Station Aids Industry & Economy
[Page] 10 Pig Potential: South Dakota's Swine Industry Offers Economic Opportunity [Page] 13 New Department Debuts: Natural Resource Disciplines Join Forces
[Page] 14 Autumn in the AIr: Grab Your Blue and Gold and Visit Campus
[Page] 16 iGrow Evolves: Usability And Content Are Being Enhanced
[Page] 18 Collection Effort: Despite Budget Cuts, Private Funds Allowed for Growth [Page] 21 …