Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lived Experience: East African Somali Speaking Women Accessing The U.S. Healthcare System, Shukri Adam Phd

Dissertations

Access to prenatal healthcare for East African Somali Speaking Women (EASSW) who are immigrants to the U.S. has been dependent on the availability of a systematic healthcare treatment model. The purpose of this study was to explore EASSW's lived experiences in accessing prenatal healthcare services in the U.S. A descriptive, qualitative phenomenological approach informed by the work of Husserl was used to explore EASSW's experiences, views, and problems encountered while attempting to access prenatal healthcare services in the U.S. Fifteen EASSW of childbearing age (ages 18–45) were recruited for this study. All participants interviewed privately, beginning with a semi-structured, open-ended …

A Retrospective Analysis Of Maternal And Child Outcomes Following An Obesity Intervention Program, Melinda S. Bender Phd

Dissertations

Background: One of the highest risk groups for childhood obesity and associated co-morbidities in the United States are low-income Hispanic preschool children. To reduce obesity, effective interventions are being sought to improve health behaviors among high risks groups. Objectives: To evaluate a subset of data from a larger 9-month promotora facilitated obesity intervention study. The aims were to determine: 1) pre- to post-program differences in health behaviors including: (a) children's consumption of high carbohydrate beverages (HCB); and (b) maternal walking, beliefs, knowledge, self-efficacy, and relationship building regarding nutrition and physical activity; and 2) which covariates were significant for change in …

Experiences Of Faculty And Students Using An Audience Response System In The Classroom, Christine M. Thomas, Cheryl Monturo, Katherine Conroy

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Appalachian Regional Model For Organizing And Sustaining County-Level Diabetes Coalitions, Richard Crespo, Molly Shrewsberry, Darrlyn Cornelius-Averhart, Henry B. King Jr.

Family and Community Health

This article describes a model for developing diabetes coalitions in rural Appalachian counties and presents evidence of their sustainability. The rural Appalachian coalition model was developed through a partnership between two federal agencies and a regional university. Coalitions go through a competitive application process to apply for one-time $10,000 grants. The project has funded 7 to 9 coalitions annually since 2001, reaching 66 total coalitions in 2008. Sustainability of the coalitions is defined by the number of coalitions that voluntarily report on their programs and services. In 2008, 58 of 66 (87%) coalitions in the Appalachian region continue to function …

Association Between Stress And Decisional Procrastination In Parents Of Children With Down Syndrome During Their Developmental Transitions, Laurel Zeisler

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Effects Of Traditional Strengthening Exercises Versus Functional Task Training On Pain, Strength, And Functional Mobility In The 45-65 Year Old Adult With Knee Osteoarthritis, Christine M. Stutz-Doyle

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Berberine Acutely Activates The Glucose Transport Activity Of Glut1, Alexandra Cok, Christina Plaisier, Matthew J. Salie, Daniel S. Oram

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Berberine, which has a long history of use in Chinese medicine, has recently been shown to have efficacy in the treatment of diabetes. While the hypoglycemic effect of berberine has been clearly documented in animal and cell line models, such as 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotube cells, the mechanism of action appears complex with data implicating activation of the insulin signaling pathway as well as activation of the exercise or AMP kinase-mediated pathway. There have been no reports of the acute affects of berberine on the transport activity of the insulin-insensitive glucose transporter, GLUT1. Therefore, we examined the acute effects …

Osler Came To Boston, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Professional Product Review Vol. 6 No. 3, American Dental Association, Council On Scientific Affairs

Professional Product Review

A user-friendly newsletter from the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs offering scientifically sound, unbiased, and clinically relevant information to member dentists about professional dental products tested by the ADA. This collection is historical and may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA.

Pakistan Society For Neurology Conference Abstracts

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

The Flame, 2010-2011, Mennonite College Of Nursing

The Flame (1985-present)

The Flame is a newsletter of Illinois State University's Mennonite College of Nursing

Application Of Raman Spectroscopy To Lubricants, Lubricated Surfaces And Lubrication Phenomena, David W. Johnson

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Recent advances in lasers and detector technologies and the development of low-cost instruments and fiber-optic probes have brought about an explosion in the lubrication systems being studied by Raman spectroscopy. This article provides examples of the use of Raman spectroscopy in the study of lubrication phenomena, including the characterization of liquid lubricants, lubricant additives, and solid lubricants; the study of vapor-phase lubrication; and the use of coated nanoparticles as lubricants.

Crosstalk Between Wnt And Rho Pathways In Ameloblast-Lineage Cells, Kate Shusterman

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Exposure to high levels of fluoride during tooth development will lead to mineralization defects and a decrease in enamel strength, known as enamel fluorosis. It has been proposed that fluoride may alter the cytoskeleton of ameloblasts, cells that secrete enamel during tooth development. This change is carried out through the Rho pathway, more specifically through RhoA. RhoA is stimulated by Wnt3a, a part of the Wnt pathway involved in regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The main component of the Wnt pathway, β-catenin, is expressed in dental epithelium and acts by linking cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton in cell adhesion. …

Debate: Innovative Teaching To Enhance Critical Thinking And Communication Skills In Healthcare Professionals, Dawn Hall

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Preparing students to be critical thinkers and effective communicators is essential in today’s complex health care environment. In addition to sound psychomotor skills, future healthcare providers must possess the ability to communicate confidently and effectively, not only to their patients, but to a wide range of constituents such policymakers and payers, as well as other healthcare professionals. The teaching method of debate will prepare students with such skills. Debates have the ability to reinforce and enhance knowledge in a topic area, to engage students in the learning process, to verify that students have the ability to analyze, incorporate, and apply …

Transylvania Medical Alumni Who Served In The Union And Confederate Armies, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Characterizing And Predicting Outcomes Of Communication Delays In Infants And Toddlers: Implications For Clinical Practice, Rhea Paul, Forma P. Roth

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Purpose: This article focuses on using currently available data to assist speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in making decisions regarding a child's eligibility and considerations for recommended "dosage" of early intervention (El) services. Method: Literature describing the characteristics of infants and toddlers who are likely recipients of El services was reviewed. Results: Current literature provides information that can be used to inform clinical decisions for infants and toddlers with established medical conditions, as well as those with risk factors, for oral language, communication, and subsequent literacy disabilities. This information is summarized. Conclusion: Extant literature suggests that El makes a critical difference in …

Sally J. Rogers And Geraldine Dawson: Review Of Early Start Denver Model For Young Children With Autism: Promoting Language, Learning And Engagement (Book Review), Rhea Paul

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Book review by Rhea Paul:

Rogers, Sally R. and Geraldine Dawson. Early Start Denver Model for Young Children with Autism: Promoting Language, Learning and Engagement. New York: Guilford Press, 2010. 9781606236321; 9781606234914 (pbk.)

Brain Abscess Complicating Hemorrhagic Contusion In A Case Of Closed Head Injury, A.A. Wani, Altaf U Ramzan, Nayil K Malik, Furqan A Nizami, Anil Dhar, Ashish Kumar, M A Wani

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Pakistan Society Of Neurosurgeons Neurotrauma Karachi 2011

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

A Rare Case Of Candidal Meningitis In Immuna Competent Host, M. Mittal, Deepak Goel, Garima Mittal, Krishan K. Bansal

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Paratransgenic Control Of Vibriosis In Shrimp Aquaculture, Bobban Subhadra

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Infectious diseases are an increasing threat to shrimp farming industries worldwide and account for nearly $3 billion of annual economic loss. The need to devise novel approaches against these infectious agents is pressing, as traditional methods are insufficient to ward off infections. The main aim of this study was to apply paratransgenesis to control infectious agents mediating shrimp diseases. As proof-of-concept we showed that Artemia, a food source in shrimp aquaculture, internalized bacteria expressing recombinant proteins. Stable expression and retention of these marker molecules up to 10 hours after feeding with the transgenic bacteria were evident within the gut of …

Small Molecule Inhibition Of Staphylococcus Aureus Virulence, Erin Sully

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

The increasing emergence of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, particularly those caused by a single clone of methicillin resistant S. aureus (USA300 MRSA), coupled with the slowing of antibiotic discovery makes research into novel therapies a priority (Lowy, 2007). One strategy evolving is the development of drugs that target bacterial virulence factors as opposed to growth (Cegelski et al., 2008). Due to the lack of selective pressure, bacterial resistance to the drugs would be minimized while the infection, attenuated by the inhibition of virulence factor production, could be cleared by the innate immune factors of the host. Virulence factors identified …

C-Myb Alternative Splicing: A Novel Biomarker In Leukemia, Ye E. Zhou

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

c-myb encodes a transcription factor that is essential for hematopoiesis and for normal development of other tissues. There is ample evidence showing the activated alleles of c-myb gene can induce leukemias in several animal species. However, there was no clear evidence showing that c-myb could be oncogenic in human cancers until recent studies revealed that the human c-myb locus is subjected to chromosomal rearrangement in some pediatric T-ALL and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) patient samples. The c-myb gene contains 15 constant exons and 6 alternative exons and can undergo extensive alternative splicing. These alternatively spliced variants encode variant Myb proteins …

Neurosteriod Enhancement Of Glutamatergic Transmission Via Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 Chanels In The Developing Cerebellum, Paula Andrea Zamudio-Bulcock

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Neurosteroids are compounds synthesized de novo within the central nervous system and affect brain function via genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Sulfated neurosteroids modulate synaptic neurotransmission via interactions with various membrane receptors located at pre- and/ or postsynaptic sites, including metabotropic and ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors and ion permeable channels. The interactions of sulfated neurosteroids with these types of targets can induce rapid changes in neurotransmitter release and/or in postsynaptic responses. Since the 1940's, pregnenolone sulfate (PregS), the sulfated version of the steroid precursor, pregnenolone, has been suggested to have anti-stress, anti-aging, antidepressive, neuroprotective and memory enhancing effects in the mature brain. …

Principal Component Analysis Of Dietary And Lifestyle Patterns In Relation To Risk Of Subtypes Of Esophageal And Gastric Cancer, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera, Susan T. Mayne, Harvey A. Risch, Marilie D. Gammon, Thomas Vaughan, Wong-Ho Chow, Joel A. Dubin, Robert Dubrow, Janet Schoenberg, Janet L. Stanford, A. Brian West, Heidrun Rotterdam, William J. Blot

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Purpose

To carry out pattern analyses of dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to risk of esophageal and gastric cancers.

Methods

We evaluated risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA),esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and other gastric cancers (OGA) using data from a population-based case-control study conducted in Connecticut, New Jersey, and western Washington state. Dietary/lifestyle patterns were created using principal component analysis (PCA). The impact of the resultant scores on cancer risk was estimated through logistic regression.

Results

PCA identified six patterns: meat/nitrite, fruit/vegetable, smoking/alcohol, legume/meat alternate, GERD/BMI, and fish/vitamin C. Risk of each cancer under study …

Pregnancy Loss And Distress Among U.S. Women, Karina M. Shreffler, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Although pregnancy loss—especially miscarriage— is a relatively common experience among reproductive-aged women, much of our understanding about the experience has come from small clinic-based or other nonrepresentative samples. We compared fertility-specific distress among a national sample of 1,284 women who have ever experienced a stillbirth or miscarriage. We found that commitment/attachment to pregnancy that ended in loss as well as current childbearing contexts and attitudes were associated with distress following pregnancy loss. Practitioners working with women or couples who have experienced pregnancy loss should be aware of the importance of characteristics associated with higher distress, such as whether the pregnancy …

Psychological And Cognitive Determinants Of Vision Function In Age-Related Macular Degeneration., Barry W. Rovner, Robin J Casten, Robert W Massof, Benjamin E Leiby, William S Tasman

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of coping strategies, depression, physical health, and cognition on National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire scores obtained at baseline in a sample of older patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) enrolled in the Improving Function in AMD Trial, a randomized controlled clinical trial that compares the efficacy of problem-solving therapy with that of supportive therapy to improve vision function in patients with AMD.

METHODS: Baseline evaluation of 241 older outpatients with advanced AMD who were enrolled in a clinical trial testing the efficacy of a behavioral intervention to improve vision function. Vision function was characterized …

Effect Of Phenytoin, Phenobarbital And Valproic Acid On Carbamazepine Clearance And Therapeutic Out Come: Derived From Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data At Prasat Neurological Institute, T Traiyawong, D Panomvanna, S. Towanabut

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Pharmacokinetics (PK) of carbamazepine (CBZ) are highly variable and further complicated by concomitant use of other antiepileptic drugs with induction or inhibition properties. Objective : To determine the pharmacokinetics of CBZ when used as monotherapy or co-administrated with phenytoin (PHT), phenobarbital (PB) or valproic acid (VPA) along with the related therapeutic outcome. Design : A descriptive study. Setting : Prasat Neurological Institute, Bangkok. Patients : Patients aged more than 13 years old with epilepsy or other neurological disease who used CBZ as monotherapy or co-administrated with PHT, PB or VPA and their therapeutic drug monitoring data (TDM) had …

Impact Of Different Ct Slice Thickness On Clinical Target Volume For Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy : A Phantom Study, P Siripachot, N Asavametha, S. Oonsiri

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Purpose : To assess the accuracy of target volume with different computed tomography (CT) slice thickness-interval and the impact of different CT slice thickness on intensity modulated radiation (IMRT) treatment planning. Objectives : To correlate the different CT slice thickness/interval with the variation of target volume on IMRT planning. Design : Experimental study Setting : Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. Materials and Methods : The IMRT thorax phantom (30 cm wide, 30 cm long and 20 cm thick), containing a tissue equivalent rod (2.5 cm diameter and 16 cm long) underwent CT scan with five different slice …

Prediction Of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Role Of Contrast Volume/Body Weight Ratio, T Chaemchoi, B Punyawudho, S. Srimahachota

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : The use of contrast media has been closely related to contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in several studies. However, there is no firm description of the association. The volume of contrast media and patient characteristics may be important risk factors for CIN. Identifying and quantifying these risk factors may be useful in predicting risk of CIN. Objective : To identify important risk factors of CIN after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Design : Prospective analytical study Setting : King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Method : A total of 181 consecutive patients who underwent PCI were enrolled. Patient- and procedure-related factors including calculated …