Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Occupational-Based Experimental Study Of Collective Vs. Personal Efficacy To Encourage Sun Protective Behaviors In Head Start Preschool Teachers, Elizabeth A. Holzhauser

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancers in the United States. An analysis of literature shows that skin cancer can be partially mitigated through personal behavior changes (Glanz, Buller, & Saraiya; 2007, Canadian Centre of Occupational Health and Safety [CCOHS], 2010). Currently national sun-safety educational campaigns promote sun-protective behaviors to individuals who receive exposure due to their work environment (Task Force on Community Preventive Services, 2004). Preschool teachers employed with San Bernardino County Head Start are inadvertently exposed to sunlight during mandatory recess periods posing risks to their health.

Purpose. This study evaluated two instructional …

Horticulture Group Therapy With Mentally Ill Older Adults, Kristen J. Hill

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

With a greatly increasing number of older adults due to advances in medical care, aU baby boomers in the United States will be 65 or older by 2029. As the number of older adults grows, so does the number of those with severe mental illness. Treatments are needed to address older adults with severe mental illness that include the negative side effects of medications. Due to the nature of severe mental illness, lower levels of required cognitive processing allows for those admitted to inpatient psychiatric settings to participate, including those with dementia. Horticulture therapy has proven useful to address severe …

Elderly Patients And Their Health In Pakistan: Current Status, Issues, Challenges And Opportunities, Waris Qidwai, Tabinda Ashfaq

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of The Environmental Support For Physicalactivity Scale Among Thai Elderly, M Leethong-In, J Yunibhand, Y Aungsuroch, Jk. Magilvy

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Introduction : The Environmental Support for Physical Activity Questionnaire (ESPA)was developed for older people in western country. However, due todifferent geographical features and lifestyle between countries,modification to the ESPA has been made to create “the ThaiEnvironmental Support for Physical Activity (TESPA)”.Objective : To verify the reliability and validity of TESPA.Settings : Twelve communities in six provinces of ThailandResearch design : Cross-sectional design.Patients : Three hundred and twenty older people were randomly selected usingmultistage random sampling.Methods : The content validity was determined by three geriatric experts.The construct validity was approached by structural equation modelingand known-group method. The reliability was analyzed using …

Relationship Between Changes Of Calcineurin Inhibitorlevels And Serum Creatinine And Cystatin C Levelsin Kidney Transplant Patients, S Hasatsri, A Chaiprasert, P. Aramwit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI: cyclosporine, tacrolimus) are majorimmunosuppressants used in kidney transplant (KT) patients.Nephrotoxicity is an important side effect of CNI. The elevationof serum creatinine (Scr) is a biomarker for nephrotoxicity.However, there are several factors that affect changes of Scr.It is believed that serum cystatin C (Scys C) would be a betterbiomarker.Objective : To investigate the relationship between changes of CNI levelsand Scr and Scys C levels in KT patients.Design : Descriptive studySetting : Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, PhramongkutklaoHospitalPatients and Methods : Patients who received KT for at least 3 months, and duringsteady state. Blood samples were …

Five-Year Survival Rate In 2002 Of Head And Neck Cancerpatients Treated At Lopburi Cancer Center, J. Sukhaboon

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Head and neck cancer is a leading type of cancer in Thailand.According to clinical data base from the Lopburi Cancer Center,head and neck cancer ranks first among all cancer types in menand ranks the third among all cancer types in women. Unfortunately,there has been a lack of information of five-year survival rate ofhead and neck cancer patients treated at Lopburi Cancer Center.Objective : To determine 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors for survivalof patients with head and neck cancer treated with combinedmodalitytherapy at Lopburi Cancer Center.Setting : Lopburi Cancer Center.Material and Method : The author retrospectively analyzed the …

Relationship Between Regimen Complexity And Medication Adherence Behavior In Thai Elderly With Hypertension, S Tepsuriyanont, V Jirapaet, S Luangamornlert, R. Praditsuwan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Only 22 - 25 percent of Thai elderly with hypertension can control their blood pressure. Such failure has been largely ascribed to poor adherence with antihypertensive medication. The regimen complexity is an important factor that influences medication adherence in the elderly. Objectives : To examine the relationship between regimen complexity and medication adherence behavior in Thai elderly with hypertension. Setting : Out-patient department of five general hospitals in Thailand. Research design : Cross-sectional study. Patients There were 422 elderly with hypertension who participated in this study. Methods : The samples were selected based on multi-stage sampling. Data were …

Incidence Of Injuries And Sport Specific Physical Fitness Of Thai National Women’S Rugby Sevens Players, K Choochate, D Chaiwanichsiri, S. Sanguanrungsirikul

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Rugby sevens is a collision sport with high risk of injury. Research design : Prospective descriptive study. Setting : Training field at Vajiravudh College, competition fields at Hong Kong and the People’s Republic of China. Methods : Eighteen Thai national women’s rugby sevens players were studied for incidence of injuries and physical fitness during 8 month period. Results : A total of 178 injuries = 37.03 injuries/ 1000 hours of exposure were recorded: 110 = 23.01 per 1000 training hours, and 68 = 2602.37 per 1000 match hours. During training, the most common diagnoses were sprain; most injuries …

Massachusetts Senior Legal Assistance Project Needs Evaluation: Current Demand For Legal Services, Alison Gottlieb, Lauren A. Martin, Ellen A. Bruce

Gerontology Institute Publications

The Gerontology Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston was contracted to conduct a statewide needs assessment for the MSLAP. As agreed upon by the MSLAP Advisory Board, the focus of this assessment was to analyze the demand for services Massachusetts legal service providers have experienced recently as a means to understanding the legal needs of Massachusetts elders (age 60 and older). A second needs assessment was conducted by the Massachusetts Executive Office of Elder Affairs. That needs assessment surveyed home care workers and other elder agency personnel to gauge their assessment of elders’ legal needs in Massachusetts. Read together, …

Angiographic Findings Of Moyamoya, O Topanthanont, J. Tantivatana

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Moyamoya is a rare cerebrovascular occlusive condition ofunknown etiology which has rarely been described in Thaipopulation. We report angiographic findings and clinicalfeatures from a single institution in Thailand.Objective : Describe angiographic findings and clinical features of moyamoyain patients.Design : Retrospective descriptive study.Setting : Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, ChulalongkornUniversity.Materials and Methods : Twenty-five patients diagnosed with moyamoya and moyamoyalikeby cerebral angiography between 2003-2009 wereretrospectively reviewed for clinical manifestation andstenoocclusive lesions according to Suzuki Grading System.Results : Of the total 25 patients,19 were female (76%), 6 were male (24%),F:M = 3:1. Their median age was 38 years. Five …

Calciphylaxis, C Kulapatrapa, S. Eiam-Ong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Calciphylaxis or calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) is a serious skin disorder of arteriolar calcification that can produce subcutaneous plaques, nodules, and subsequently necrotic ulcers skin lesions. CUA is usually associated with chronic kidney disease and endstage renal failure. The risk factors of CUA include obesity, diabetes mellitus, female gender, high product of calcium and phosphate, and use of coumadin anticoagulant. Furthermore, it is associated with high mortality rate. Therefore, early identification, proper evaluation, appropriate salvage therapy, and prevention can minimize long-term morbidity and mortality.

The Association Between Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase *3c Polymorphism And Azathioprine Induced Myelosuppression In Thai Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, J Kongpunvijit, Y Avihingsanon, N Hirankarn, S Vannaprasaht, J. Wongchinsri

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Objective : To investigate the correlation between Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) *3C polymorphism and azathioprine (AZA)-induced myelosuppression in Thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods : A total of 40 SLE patients taking AZA at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital were included in this study. Blood samples from volunteers were collected in 3 ml EDTA tubes. TPMT*3C genotype was determined using PCR-RFLP assay and erythrocyte TPMT activity using HPLC method. Biochemical and clinical data were retrospectively evaluated after initiation of AZA therapy. Results : Gene frequency of heterozygous TPMT*1/*3C was 10% (4/40) and *3C allele frequency was 5.0%. TPMT*1/*3C polymorphism was …

Estimating Water Supply Arsenic Levels In The New England Bladder Cancer Study, John R. Nuckols, Laura E. Beane-Freeman, Jay H. Lubin, Matthew S. Airola, Dalsu Baris, Joseph D. Ayotte, Anne Taylor, Chris Paulu, Margaret R. Karagas, Joanne Colt

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is a major challenge in conducting epidemiologic studies of environmental factors and diseases with long latency, such as cancer.

Objective: We estimated arsenic concentrations in the water supplies of 2,611 participants in a population-based case–control study in northern New England.

Methods: Estimates covered the lifetimes of most study participants and were …

Deletion Of Rb Accelerates Pancreatic Carcinogenesis By Oncogenic Kras And Impairs Senescence In Pre-Malignant Lesions, Catherine Carrière, A. Jesse Gore, Alixanna M. Norris, Jason R. Gunn, Alison Young, Daniel Longnecker, Murray Korc

Dartmouth Scholarship

Rb1 encodes a cell-cycle regulator that is functionally disrupted in most human cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) have a high frequency of mutations in KRAS and INK4A/CDKN2A that might allow cells to bypass the regulatory actions of retinoblastoma (RB). To determine the role of loss of RB function in PDAC progression, we investigated the effects of Rb disruption during pancreatic malignant transformation initiated by oncogenic Kras.We generated mice with pancreas-specific disruption of Rb, in the absence or presence of oncogenic Kras, to examine the role of RB in pancreatic carcinogenesis.

Asclepias Currasavica- A Multicentric, Randomized, Double-Blind Homoeopathic Pathogenetic Trial, Rajpal Rajpal, Vinay Singh, V Siddiqui, C Nayak, A Majunder, D Sardar, P Sivadas, K Banoth

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Objective: To elicit the pathogenetic response of the drug Asclepias currasavica in homoeopathic potencies on healthy human beings. Methodology: Drug Asclepias currasavica was proved by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy through randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled method. The study was conducted at four centers. The drug was proved in two potencies (6C and 30C) on 67 apparently healthy volunteers who were selected after conducting pre-trial medical examination by the medical specialists and routine laboratory investigations. In the first phase volunteers were given 56 doses (04 doses per day for 14 days) of placebo. In the next two phases 56 doses …

Neuroprotective Effect Of Bellis Perennis And Hypericum Perforatum On Pc12 Cells, Andleeb Khan, Kumar Vaibhav, Hayate Javed, Mohd Khan, Rizwana Tabassum, Md Ahmed, Syed Raza, Mohd Ashafaq, V Khuwaja

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

The rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell line is widely applied as a model system to study a variety of neuronal functions. Upon addition of nerve growth factor (NGF), these cells undergo differentiation characterized by an increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and extension of neurite-like processes. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bellis perennis (Be) and Hypericum perforatum (Hy) (6C and 30C) on healthy neuronal cells. Both homeopathic medicines have been studied at three different concentrations of 2 μl/ml, 4 μl/ml and 8 μl/ml for 96 …

Alfalfa - A Multicentric Clinical Verification Study, P Chakraborty, Subhash Kaushik, S Nain, Pramodji Singh, V Prasad, Darshan Singh, K Das, Ojit Singh, Gulrana Pradhan

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Clinical verification programme is an ongoing research programme of the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy since its inception, under which many Indian and rarely used drugs in Homoeopathy have been undertaken. Alfalfa is a flowering plant and known for its use as a medicine in toning up the appetite and digestion and favorably influencing nutrition. Disorders like anorexia, nervousness, insomnia, diabetes, lethargy and malnutrition are mainly within its therapeutic range. The Council had undertaken an observational study on Alfalfa from October 2005 to March 2010, to determine its therapeutic effect through clinical verification. Objectives: The primary objective was …

Study Of Homoeopathic Medicines Through Clinical Verification-A New Perspective (Volume-I & Ii), V Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

Relationship Of Adipokines With Insulin Sensitivity In African Americans., Maria P Martinez Cantarin, Scott W Keith, Stephanie Deloach, Yonghong Huan, Bonita Falkner

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Cytokines produced by adipose tissue, including adiponectin, have been associated with metabolic abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of insulin sensitivity measured by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic insulin clamp with plasma adiponectin and other adipokines in young adult African Americans.

METHODS: Participants were healthy African Americans. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, an oral glucose tolerance test and an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic insulin clamp were performed. Insulin sensitivity measurements were adjusted for percentage of fat mass. Plasma concentrations of adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assayed on plasma from fasting blood samples. Pearson correlation coefficients and …

The Association Between The Food Environment And Weight Status Among Eastern North Carolina Youth, Stephanie B. Jilcott, Scott Wade, Jared T. Mcguirt, Qiang Wu, Suzanne Lazorick, Justin B. Moore

Faculty Publications

Objective: To examine associations between various measures of the food environment and BMI percentile among youth.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational.

Setting: Pitt County, eastern North Carolina.

Subjects:We extracted the electronic medical records for youth receiving well child check-ups from January 2007 to June 2008. We obtained addresses for food venues from two secondary sources and ground-truthing. A geographic information systems database was constructed by geocoding home addresses of 744 youth and food venues. We quantified participants' accessibility to food venues by calculating 'coverage', number of food venues in buffers of 0●25, 0●5, 1 and 5 miles (0●4, 0●8, 1●6 and …

Effectiveness Of Neuromuscular Conditioning To Prevent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries In Female Athletes: A Critical Synthesis Of Literature, Shiren G. Assaly, Todd E. Davenport, Katrin Mattern-Baxter

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Background and Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common among female athletes. The purpose of this literature review was to assess the effectiveness of neuromuscular conditioning to modify biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury.

METHOD: A structured literature search was conducted to identify primary research articles. Articles were graded according to their strength of evidence and a qualitative literature review was completed.

RESULTS: Seven primary research studies were available for analysis that documented the effects of neuromuscular conditioning (range of evidence grades: 1B to 3B). Lower limb kinematics, lower limb kinetics, and incidence of tears were the primary outcomes …

Standardisation Of Homoeopathic Drug - Syzygium Jambos (L.) Alston, P Rao, P Subramanian, P Reddy, H Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Syzygium jambos, a small tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae is a potential drug in Homoeopathy. The drug is useful in clinical conditions like acne, pimples, nausea, comedones, headache, heartburn, abdominal colic, diarrhoea and fever. The seeds are up to 2.5 cm long, ellipsoid to oblong, narrowed at middle. Seed coat is rough, thick, sclerotic and papery, made of tangentially elongated lignified cells with dense contents and separating from the endosperm. Cortex is 20 - 40 layered, interspersed with groups of sclerenchyma fibers. The endosperm possess large secretory cavities in the hypodermal areas. The endosperm is filled with starch grains …

Editorial, Alok Kumar

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

Germination And Vigor Of Lettuce Seeds (Lactuca Sativa L.) Pelleted With Homoeopathic Preparations Alumina And Calcarea Carbonica Subjected To Toxic Levels Of Aluminum, Filipe Bonfim, Rosana Rodrigues Das Dores, Ernane Martins, Vicente Dias Casali

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Aluminum toxicity is the most important factor limiting the growth of plants in acid soils, whereas current treatments are unfeasible. For this reason, alternatives are sought for, among which homoeopathic treatment. Aims: This study aimed at evaluating the influence of homoeopathic preparations Alumina 6cH, Alumina 12cH, Calcarea carbonica 6cH and Calcarea carbonica 12cH on the germination and vigor of lettuce seeds subjected to toxic levels of aluminum in paper-solution. At the same time, it was sought to develop a new procedure to apply homoeopathic preparations in plants (pelleting). Methods: The statistical design was entirely randomized (CRD) with 6 treatments …

A Prospective Multicentre Observational Study To Evolve The Usefulness Of Group Of Homoeopathic Medicines In The Management Of Acute Tracheobronchitis, C Nayak, V Singh, H Singh, V Siddiqui, J Gupta, A Mishra, M Padmanabhan, S Sharma, Prasad

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Abstract : Sn open multicentre clinical trial was aimed to evolve the usefulness of a group of homoeopathic medicines in the management of acute tracheobronchitis with regard to improvement in its symptom complex. Patients presenting coryza with irritable dry or productive cough, oppression chest and neutrophillic leucocytosis were enrolled in the study from October 2005 to September 2008. Severity of patients′ disease condition was evaluated as per tracheobronchitis symptom scale. Symptoms of disease as well as characteristic symptoms of individual patients were considered for selection of medicine from a group of 14 trial medicines. Selected medicine was prescribed in 6C …

Evaluation Of Microsatellite Polymorphism And Genetic Variability In Thai Ridgeback And Bangkaew Dogs, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Sudtisa Laopiem

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The origin of dogs came from the limited number of founders leading to inbreeding or genetic diseasewithin or among breeds. Thai Ridgeback (TR) and Bangkaew (BK) dogs were the only native dog breeds that webelieved to originate in Thailand. The study of genetic variability in Thai dogs (39 Thai Ridgeback dogs, 82 Bangkaewdogs) was defined by using 12 microsatellite markers. These DNA markers were highly informative and distributedthrough the canine genome. The result from these markers revealed the higher number of alleles, observedheterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He) and polymorphic information content (PIC) in TR and BK dogs.The average Ho, He …

Antagonistic Effects Of Cellular Poly(C) Binding Proteins On Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Gene Expression, Phat X. Dinh, Lalit Beura, Debasis Panda, Anshuman Das, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Immunoprecipitation and subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of the cellular proteins from cells expressing the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) P protein identified the poly(C) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) as one of the P protein-interacting proteins. To investigate the role of PCBP2 in the viral life cycle, we examined the effects of depletion or overexpression of this protein on VSV growth. Small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of PCBP2 promoted VSV replication. Conversely, overexpression of PCBP2 in transfected cells suppressed VSV growth. Further studies revealed that PCBP2 negatively regulates overall viral mRNA accumulation and subsequent genome replication. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence microscopic studies showed that …

Acute Fatty Liver Of Pregnancy: An Update On Mechanisms, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Kavitha R. Thangaraj, Ashish Goel, C. E. Eapen, K. A. Balasubramanian, Anup Ramachandran

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), characterized by hepatic microvesicular steatosis, is a sudden catastrophic illness occurring almost exclusively in the third trimester of pregnancy. Defective fatty acid oxidation in the fetus has been shown to be associated with this disease. Since the placenta has the same genetic makeup as the fetus and as AFLP patients generally recover following delivery, we hypothesized that the placenta might be involved in pathogenesis of this disease. In an animal model of hepatic microvesicular steatosis (using sodium valproate), we found that microvesicular steatosis results in mitochondrial structural alterations and oxidative stress in subcellular organelles …

Time Course Of Prepulse Inhibition Disruption Induced By Dopamine Agonists And Nmda Antagonists: Effects Of Drug Administration Regimen, Ming Li, Wei He, Jing Chen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle response is impaired in patients with schizophrenia and in animals acutely treated with dopamine agonists and NMDA antagonists. In this study, we investigated the time course of PPI disruption induced by repeated amphetamine, quinpirole, phencyclidine (PCP), and dizocilpine (MK-801) treatment. We focused on how PPI disruption development was influenced by drug administration regimens, comparing a constant versus an escalating dosing regimen. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were repeatedly treated with amphetamine (1.25–5.0 mg/kg, or constant 5.0 mg/kg, sc), PCP (0.50–2.0 mg/kg, or constant 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg, sc), quinpirole (0.03–0.12 mg/kg, or constant 0.12 mg/kg, …

Associations Of American Indian Children's Screen-Time Behavior With Parental Television Behavior, Parental Perceptions Of Children's Screen Time, And Media-Related Resources In The Home, Daheia J. Barr-Anderson, Jayne A. Fulkerson, Mary Smyth, John H. Himes, Peter J. Hannan, Bonnie Holy Rock, Mary Story

Faculty Publications

Introduction: American Indian children have high rates of overweight and obesity, which may be partially attributable to screen-time behavior. Young children's screen-time behavior is strongly influenced by their environment and their parents' behavior. We explored whether parental television watching time, parental perceptions of children's screen time, and media-related resources in the home are related to scree time (ie, television, DVD/video, video game, and computer use) among Oglala Lakota youth residing on or near the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota.

Methods: We collected baseline data from 431 child and parent/caregiver pairs who participated in Bright Start, a group-randomized, controlled, school-based …