Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Role Of All Of The Prrsv Glycoproteins In Protective Immune Response, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) contains the major glycoprotein, GP5, as well as three other minor glycoproteins, namely, GP2a, GP3, and GP4, on the virion envelope, all of which are required for generation of infectious virions. To study their interactions amongst each other and with the cellular receptor for PRRSV, we have cloned each of the viral glycoproteins and CD163 receptor in expression vectors and examined their expression and interaction with each other in transfected cells by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay using monospecific antibodies. Our results show that strong interaction exists between GP4 and GP5 proteins, although weak interactions …

Unmasking The Moving Threat: Reckless Driving, Borderline Personality Disorder, And The Impact On Motor Vehicle Accidents, Charlene Lam

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), a leading cause of mortality in the United States have an enormous impact on public health. Researchers contend that approximately 90% of all MVAs are, to some extent, a result of driver characteristics and behavior (Lewin, 1982). One of the least researched driver characteristics is psychiatric comorbidity, especially borderline personality disorder (BPD), a disorder that is characterized by impulsivity and emotional volatility.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between BPD and driving citations.

Method: Using two measures for BPD, we surveyed a consecutive sample of patients who were being seen …

Today - March 3, 2010, Loma Linda University

TODAY

Inside this issue:

-- Pediatric residency at SACHS-Norton clinic brings physicians face to face with the health care needs of inner city kids
-- Inland Empire boy helps Loma Linda University assist the children of Haiti
-- CHIP program coming to Loma Linda
-- Longtime LLU professor writes new book on whole person medicine
-- The China Study author to speak at Loma Linda University Church
-- Big Hearts for Little Hearts Loma Linda Guild hosts ‘Dressing Up Red’ Luncheon
-- Children’s Hospital to benefit from Food 4 Less fundraiser
-- ‘The Adventists’ documentary makes West Coast premiere in Loma …

Aiming For Hd Clinical Trials, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Campaigns To Change Health Damaging Corporate Practices, Nicholas Freudenberg

Publications and Research

When corporations claim the same citizenship rights as human citizens, they exercise an undue influence on health policy and democratic processes. Surprisingly, the same basic repertoire of tactics has been found to be employed by corporations to effect this influence, regardless of the specific industry at work. In this book, authors from around the world reveal the range of tactics used across the corporate world that ultimately favor the bottom line over the greater good.

The Bottom Line or Public Health deconstructs some of the most ubiquitous tactics at play, including public relations, political influence, legal maneuvering, and financial power, …

The Narrative Exercise: Introduction To Therapeutic Communication In The Psychiatry Clerkship, David A. Garrison, Julia Frank

E-Learning Modules

Introduction: In medical school, much time is devoted to teaching students to elicit disease-centered histories from their patients. The narrative exercise supplements this traditional focus by requiring students to develop a person-centered narrative for one patient under their care. While the ultimate test of a diagnosis is the verification of the diagnosis by tests or treatment outcome, the ultimate test of a patient-centered narrative is whether the patient accepts it as a legitimate characterization of his or her experience.

Methods: The psychiatry clerkship directors at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and George Washington University School of Medicine have …

Countervailing Power In Wholesale Pharmaceuticals, Sara F. Ellison, Christopher M. Snyder

Dartmouth Scholarship

Using data on wholesale prices for antibiotics sold to U.S. drugstores, we test the growing theoretical literature on ‘countervailing power’ (a term for the ability of large buyers to extract discounts from suppliers). Large drugstores receive a modest discount for antibiotics produced by competing suppliers but no discount for antibiotics produced by monopolists. These findings support theories suggesting that supplier competition is a prerequisite for countervailing power. As further evidence for the importance of supplier competition, we find that hospitals receive substantial discounts relative to drugstores, attributed to hospitals' greater ability to induce supplier competition through restrictive formularies.

Three-Dimensional Structure Of Tropism-Switching Bordetella Bacteriophage, Wei Dai, Asher Hodes, Wong H Hui, Mari Gingery, Jeff F Miller, Z Hong Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bacteriophage BPP-1, which infects Bordetella species, can switch its specificity by mutations to the ligand-binding surface of its major tropism-determinant protein, Mtd. This targeted mutagenesis results from the activity of a phage-encoded diversity-generating retroelement. Purified Mtd binds its receptor with low affinity, yet BPP-1 binding and infection of Bordettella cells are efficient because of high-avidity binding between phage-associated Mtd and its receptor. Here, using an integrative approach of three-dimensional (3D) structural analyses of the entire phage by cryo-electron tomography and single-prticle cryo-electron microscopy, we provide direct localization of Mtd in the phage and the structural basis of the high-avidity binding …

Welcome To Tomorrow, Edward F. Rossomando

UCHC Articles - Research

It is always a delight to see an idea become a reality. We recognized that there was a need for a dental journal for those to publish a tentative explanation for a phenomenon, an explanation that could be used as a basis for further investigation. Early in the planning, it was necessary to address the question: Is there a need for a journal for dental hypothesis? A detailed examination of dental journals now published revealed that most if not all published research findings - this research might be in various scientific disciplines or in education but all contained results of …

Should The Concentration Of Vitamin D Be Measured In All Patients With Hypertension?, Angela Boldo, Patrick Campbell, Pooja Luthra, William B. White

UCHC Articles - Research

With mounting evidence indicating the direct effect of vitamin D on the vascular smooth muscle cell, endothelial function and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, it is clear that randomized trials of vitamin D replacement and renin and angiotensin inhibition in patients with hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are warranted. Preliminary research has shown an inverse relationship between BP and vitamin D levels, and supplementation appears promising. To that end, we have just initiated a randomized clinical trial evaluating the effects of vitamin D and/or a renin inhibitor on ambulatory and clinic BP in vitamin D deficient patients with hypertension (clinical trials.gov identifier …

Genetic Influences On The Dynamics Of Pain And Affect In Fibromyalgia, Howard A. Tennen, Jonathan Covault

UCHC Articles - Research

Objective The purpose of the present investigation was to determine if variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) genes is associated with pain-related positive affective regulation in fibromyalgia (FM). Design Forty-six female FM patients completed an electronic diary that included daily assessments of positive affect and pain. Between- and within-person analyses were conducted with multilevel modeling. Main Outcome Measure Daily positive affect was the primary outcome measure. Results Analyses revealed a significant gene × experience interaction for COMT, such that individuals with met/met genotype experienced a greater decline in positive affect on days …

Feasibility Of Using Interactive Voice Response To Monitor Daily Drinking, Moods And Relationship Processes On A Daily Basis In Alcoholic Couples, Howard A. Tennen

UCHC Articles - Research

Background

Daily process research on alcohol involvement has used paper-and-pencil and electronic data collection methods, but no studies have yet tested the feasibility of using Interactive Voice Response (IVR) technology to monitor drinking, affective, and social interactional processes among alcoholic (ALC) couples. This study tested the feasibility of using IVR with n=54 ALC couples.

Methods

Participants were n=54 couples (probands who met criteria for a past one-year alcohol use disorder and their partners) recruited from a substance abuse treatment center and the local community. Probands and their partners reported on their daily drinking, marital interactions, and moods once a day …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 12 No. 2 (March/April 2010), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Validation Of The Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument: An Application Of The Korean Version, Yun Seok Choi, Minhee Seo, David Scott, Jeffrey J. Martin

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) based on the Competing Values Framework (CVF). More specially, cultural equivalence between the Korean version and the original English version of the OCAI was evaluated using 39 bilingual Koreans. Next, a field test was conducted to examine scale reliability and construct validity of the Korean version of the OCAI using 133 organizational members from the Korean Professional Baseball League (KPBL). The findings indicate that the Korean version was successfully translated, items maintained the same meaning of the original …

Changing Po2licy: The Elements For Improving Childhood Asthma Outcomes, Anne Rossier Markus, Meagan Lyon, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Childhood asthma is a serious and chronic health issue that affects one in seven U.S. children and their families, compromising their health and quality of life and placing a heavy financial burden on families as well as an enormous strain on the health care system. Treating, managing, and ultimately preventing and reducing the burden of asthma represents a critical test of the ability of the U.S. health system – health insurers, clinical care providers, and public health agencies – to work together. Our investigation found that, as a country, we already know enough to act and improve life for the …

Strengthening Science In Government: Advancing Science In The Public's Interest, Susan F. Wood Phd, Ruth W. Long Ma, Mph, Liz Borkowski, David Michaels Phd, Mph

Health Policy and Management Issue Briefs

No abstract provided.

Ada News - 03/01/2010, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Risk Factors For Endometritis After Low Transverse Cesarean Delivery, Margaret A. Olsen, Anne M. Butler, Denise M. Willers, Gilad A. Gross, Preetishma Devkota, Victoria J. Fraser

Infectious Diseases Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tips And Tricks For The Trauma Patient., Anthony D Goei, Brian H Ching, Mark W Meyermann, Timothy Nunez, David Sacks

Reading Hospital Interventional Radiology

Interventions on the trauma patient are an essential component of the complete scope of care that is provided to the multiply injured patient today. The active participation by the interventional radiologist along the entire spectrum of clinical care is very important to optimize patient outcomes. Suggestions on how to establish a clinical presence are presented. A few of the newer concepts and terminology applicable to trauma care are reviewed. Tips useful in the trauma room, in the interventional radiology suite, and during the postprocedural period are discussed.

Hair Whorls In The Dog (Canis Familiaris), Part Ii: Asymmetries, Lisa M. Tomkins, Paul Mcgreevy

Anatomy Collection

In horses and cattle, hair whorls have been shown to act as a structural marker of reactivity and behavioral lateralization. Few studies on canine whorls have been reported and none have assessed whorl position or direction of flow. This study describes the distribution and characteristics of whorl in each of 10 regions in which whorls are typically located in dogs. Hair whorls were assessed in dogs (n = 120) and were recorded as clockwise or counterclockwise in the cephalic, cervical (dorsal, lateral, ventral), thoracic and brachial axillary, chest, shoulders, elbows, abdominal, and ischiatic regions. Bilateral whorls, including brachial axillary, elbow, …

An Evaluation Of The Applicability Of The Tripartite Constructs To Social Anxiety In Adolescents, Emily R. Anderson, Glen J. Veed, Heidi M. Inderbitzen-Nolan, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The current study examined the tripartite model of anxiety and depression in relation to social phobia in a nonclinical sample of adolescents (ages 13-17). Adolescent/parent dyads participated in a semistructured interview and completed self-report measures of the tripartite constructs and social anxiety. Adolescents gave an impromptu speech, and heart rate was monitored. Low positive affect, high negative affect, and high physiological hyperarousal were characteristic of adolescents diagnosed with social phobia; adolescents with elevated social anxiety symptoms who did not meet criteria for social phobia did not evidence low positive affect. Heart rate reactivity during the speech was not significantly correlated …

Falls In The Community Dwelling Elderly With A History Of Cancer, Sandra L. Spoelstra, Barbara Given, Alexander Von Eye, Charles W. Given

Peer Reviewed Articles

BACKGROUND: Falls place older adults at risk for injuries, resulting in functional decline, hospitalization, institutionalization, higher healthcare costs, and decreased quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined community-dwelling elderly to identify if individuals with a history of cancer fall at a higher rate than those without cancer, and if the occurrence of falls was influenced by individual characteristics, symptoms, or function.

METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study, in 2007, examining 7,448 community-dwelling elderly 65 years or older in a state in the Midwest. Fallers were identified based on a diagnosis of cancer, age, sex, race and ethnicity, poor vision, …

Attributable Costs Of Surgical Site Infection And Endometritis After Low Transverse Cesarean Delivery, Margaret A. Olsen, Anne M. Butler, Denise M. Willers, Gilad A. Gross, Barton H. Hamilton, Victoria J. Fraser

Infectious Diseases Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Maternal Consumption Of Canola Oil Suppressed Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis In C3(1) Tag Mice Offspring, Gabriela Ion, Juliana A. Akinsete, W. Elaine Hardman

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background: Maternal consumption of a diet high in omega 6 polyunsaturated fats (n-6 PUFA) has been shown to increase risk whereas a diet high in omega 3 polyunsaturated fats (n-3 PUFA) from fish oil has been shown to decrease risk for mammary gland cancer in female offspring of rats. The aim of this study was to determine whether increasing n-3 PUFA and reducing n-6 PUFA by using canola oil instead of corn oil in the maternal diet might reduce the risk for breast cancer in female offspring.

Methods: Female SV 129 mice were divided into two groups and placed on …

Development And Validation Of A Rapid Method For The Detection Of Latrunculol A In Plasma., Jiajiu Shaw, Frederick A. Valeriote, Joseph Media, Tyler A. Johnson, Taro Amagata, Karen Tenney, Phillip Crews

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Latrunculol A is a recently discovered 6,7-dihydroxy analog of the potent actin inhibitor latrunculin A. Latrunculol A has exhibited greater cytotoxicity than latrunculin A against both murine and human colon tumor cell lines in vitro. Currently, there are no reports regarding the bioavailability of latrunculol A in vivo. This study was undertaken as a prelude to pharmacokinetic assessments and it is the first work where bioavailability of latrunculol A was studied. In the present work, a simple plasma preparation and a rapid HPLC method have been developed. Mouse plasma containing latrunculol A was first treated by acetonitrile and then centrifuged …

E-Mail Communication In Paediatrics: Ethical And Clinical Considerations, Susan Albersheim

Paediatrics Publications

E-mail has become a commonplace ‘procedure’ in medical practice because it is efficient and inexpensive. However, there are potential misuses and abuses of this form of written communication, with clinical and ethical implications. Common uses of e-mail in paediatics include general communication with colleagues in a professional setting; electronic formal consultation, in which patient confidentiality is paramount; electronic ‘curbside’ consultation, which may be perceived as a formal consultation; electronic discussion groups, which lack peer review; communication with current patients or their parents, which should be limited to simple, nonurgent issues; and communication with individuals seeking medical advice who are not …

Schedule For Ct Image Guidance In Treating Prostate Cancer With Helical Tomotherapy., G Beldjoudi, S Yartsev, G Bauman, Jerry J. Battista Dr., Jacob Van Dyk

Oncology Publications

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of reducing the number of image guidance sessions and patient-specific target margins on the dose distribution in the treatment of prostate cancer with helical tomotherapy. 20 patients with prostate cancer who were treated with helical tomotherapy using daily megavoltage CT (MVCT) imaging before treatment served as the study population. The average geometric shifts applied for set-up corrections, as a result of co-registration of MVCT and planning kilovoltage CT studies over an increasing number of image guidance sessions, were determined. Simulation of the consequences of various imaging scenarios on the dose …

Surgical Response To Catastrophe - Learning From Canada’S Experience Abroad, Vivian Mcalister

Data and Test Instruments

No abstract provided.

Understanding Autonomous Practice, Tamara Gravano, Greg Hartley, Heather Mattingly, Joseph Libera, Sabrina Camilo, Jason Hardage

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

What is autonomous practice? As one of the elements of Vision 2020, au­tonomous practice is one whose mean­ing may not always be readily under­stood. The confusion can stem from the meaning of autonomy, which is sometimes misinterpreted to mean that the physical therapist (PT) practices in a vacuum, without coordinating and com­municating with other health care pro­viders. Nothing could be further from the truth. In fact, many PTs might be surprised to learn that they already prac­tice autonomously.

What's Happening: March, 2010, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.