Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of An Intervention For Adolescent Girls With Trauma Related Disorders, Meredith Elzy, Sarah Cobb, Norin Dollard, Teresea Van Alstine, Colleen Clark

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Dna Sequence Analysis Of Freshwater Eustigmatophyceae, A Potential Source Of Essential Fatty Acids, Sara E. Prior, M. W. Fawley, K. P. Fawley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Freshwater Eustigmatophyceae are a group of microalgae that are considered rare and of low diversity, with only a few genera and species in a single order. Some Eustigmatophyceae produce fatty acids that are important nutrients for aquaculture, as well as for human food consumption. In addition, some Eustigmatophyceae produce hydrocarbons that may be useful in biofuel production. In our studies of the diversity of coccoid algae from Itasca State Park, Minnesota, we discovered several isolates that we tentatively identified as Eustigmatophyceae. Preliminary molecular characterization indicated that these isolates were highly diverse and probably represented species new to science. In this …

Test-Retest Reliability And Minimal Detectable Change Scores For The Timed "Up & Go" Test, The Six-Minute Walk Test, And Gait Speed In People With Alzheimer Disease, Julie D. Ries, John L. Echternach, Leah Nof, Michelle Gagnon Blodgett

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Background. With the increasing incidence of Alzheimer disease (AD), determining the validity and reliability Of Outcome measures for people with this disease is necessary.

Objective. The goals of this study were to assess test-retest reliability of data for the Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG), the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and gait speed and to calculate minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for each outcome measure. Performance differences between groups With mild to moderate AD and moderately severe to severe AD (as determined by the Functional Assessment Staging [FAST] scale) were Studied.

Design. This was a prospective, nonexperimental, descriptive methodological study. …

Ros-Mediated Oxidative Stress Influence Anti-Apoptotic Genes And Cyt C Release In Hyperglycemic Mouse Kidneys To Initiate Late Nephropathic Complications, Krina Shah, Mayur S. Parmar, Sidhartha D. Ray

HPD Articles

Decades of intense research has shown that hyperglycemiainduced ROS production can lead to a redox-imbalance causing oxidative stress (OS) in a variety of target organs in vivo. In the absence of an efficient antioxidant counteracting system, massive OS often leads to activation of stress-responsive signaling pathways resulting in deregulated expression of pro-survival and/or pro-death genes. Persistent deregulation of such pathways eventually masterminds late complications of diabetes. Most studies hold hyperglycemia-induced OS as the ‘cause’, and premature onset of apoptosis as the ‘effect’. This ‘cause and effect’ axis ultimately initiates the development and progression of macro and microvascular complications including diabetic …

Care Of The Dying Child: Pediatric Icu Nurses’ Perceptions Of Obstacles And Supportive Behaviors In End-Of-Life Care, Renea L. Beckstrand, Lynn Clark Callister, Barbara L. Mandleco, Nicole L. Rawle

Faculty Publications

Each year 55,000 children die in the United States. The vast majority of children’s deaths, 75 – 85%, occur in hospital settings with most in pediatric intensive care units. Oftentimes, a nurse is at the bedside of the dying child. Determining the barriers and supportive behaviors in pediatric end-of-life (EOL) care is needed.

Incomplete Kawaski Disease: Are We Missing It, Abdul Gaffar Billoo, Saira Waqar Lone, Salman Siddiqui, Huba Atiq

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome or infantile polyarteritis nodosa is an acute febrile vasculitis of unknown etiology with a predilection for coronary arteries and potential for aneurysm formation. In Incomplete Kawasaki disease, children with fever lack the sufficient number of criteria to fulfill the epidemiologic case definition and are diagnosed when coronary artery disease is detected. We present a case report of a one and a half years old girl who came with features of incomplete Kawasaki disease, high grade fever, irritability, history of conjunctivitis and cracking of lips. She was investigated and had a platelet …

The Detection And Analysis Of Selected Pathogens In The Water Supply Of Dairy Cohort Herds., Niall Drummond

Theses

The issue of food safety is a growing concern to Irish agriculture and to the food industry. In the last twenty years, many novel pathogens, which can cause concern to the food industry, have been identified. Organisms such as Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) cause hemorrhagic colitis and Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), which is the major cause of acute renal failure in children in many countries, and it’s presence in food is a cause of growing concern. Other pathogens causing concern are those implicated as causative agents of Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) and these can be bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms.

Consumption …

Participation And Determinants Of Physical Activity Amongst Irish 3rd Level Students., Jonathan Lerner

Theses

Currently, there is a dearth of research investigating physical activity patterns among Irish third level young adults (17-22 year olds). Both national and international research report that levels of physical activity decline in adolescence, this trend being most pronounced among females. Various biological, psychological, social, and environmental determinants have been found to influence physical activity; however, specific factors associated with the decline in activity during adolescence remain largely unknown. This research study examines participation and determinants of physical activity among Irish third level students.

A “National questionnaire” was administered to a sample of 532 students from Health Education Authority (HEA) …

Exercise In The Treatment And Prevention Of Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Carmine R. Grieco

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The inclusion of regular physical activity is critical for optimal insulin action and glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. Current research suggests that Type II diabetes mellitus can be prevented and that all types of diabetes can be controlled with physical activity, largely through improvements in muscular sensitivity to insulin. This article discusses diabetes prevention and the acute and chronic benefits of exercise for individuals with diabetes, along with the importance and impact of aerobic, resistance, or combined training upon glycemic control. To undertake physical activity safely, individuals also must learn optimal management of glycemia.

Benefits Of Hiking: A Means-End Approach On The Appalachian Trail, Eddie Hill, Marni Goldenberg, Barbara Freidt

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this research was to examine the outcomes prompting hiking along the Appalachian Trail (AT). By using means-end theory, linkages between attributes, consequences, and values of the AT hiking experience were made. The researchers conducted forty-three interviews of AT hikers. Self-fulfillment, self-reliance, fun and enjoyment of life, and warm relationships with others were some of the values that emerged. Specifically, strong links existed between hiking and exercise, exercise and health, health and fun and enjoyment of life. While this area of research on the AT is new, results of this study can be used by recreational professionals that …

The Cultural Production Of Health Inequalities: A Cross-Sectional, Multilevel Examination Of 52 Countries, Carol L. Mansyur, Benjamin C. Amick Iii, Ronald B. Harrist, Luisa Franzini, Robert E. Roberts

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

In a 2001 report, the U.S. National Institutes of Health called for more integration of the social sciences into health-related research, including research guided by theories and methods that take social and cultural systems into consideration. Based on a theoretical framework that integrates Hofstede's cultural dimensions with sociological theory, the authors used multilevel modeling to explore the association of culture with structural inequality and health disparities. Their results support the idea that cultural dimensions and social structure, along with economic development, may account for much of the cross-national variation in the distribution of health inequalities. Sensitivity tests also suggest that …

Socioeconomic Disparity In Healthcare-Seeking Behavior Among Chinese Women With Genitourinary Symptoms, Qi Zhang, Diane Lauderdale, Shanshan Mou, William I. Parish, Edward O. Laumann, John Schneider

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are of growing concern in China. Understanding the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and healthcare-seeking (HCS) behavior will help design effective policies to contain the epidemic of STIs across SES.

Methods: We used the Chinese Health and Family Life Survey, a nationally representative survey of 3813 adults from 48 Chinese cities and counties during 1999-2000. We studied the 730 women with at least one genito-urinary (GU) symptom. HCS was measured by whether respondents visited a hospital or an unrecognized clinic, self-treatment, or doing nothing. Formal treatment was defined as visiting a hospital. SES was measured …

Factors Influencing Adherence To Referral Advice Following Pre-Referral Treatment With Artesunate Suppositories In Children In Rural Tanzania, Daudi Simba, Marian Warsame, Omari Kimbute, Deodatus Kakoko, Max Petzold, Goran Tomson, Zul Premji, Melba Gomes

Pathology, East Africa

Objective: WHO recommends artemisinin suppository formulations as pre-referral treatment for children who are unable to take oral medication and cannot rapidly reach a facility for parenteral treatment. We investigated factors influencing caretakers’ adherence to referral advice following pre-referral treatment of their children with rectal artesunate suppositories.

Methods: The study was nested within an intervention study that involved pre-referral treatment of all children who came to a community dispenser for treatment because they were unable to take oral medications because of repeated vomiting, lethargy, convulsions or altered consciousness. All patients who did not comply with referral advice were stratified by actions …

Cerebral Fungal Infection With Mycotic Aneurysm Of Basilar Artery And Subarachnoid Haemorrhage, H. Ahsan, F. Ajmal, M. F. Saleem, A. B. Sonawala

Department of Radiology

A 28-year-old Pakistani man was admitted with unresolved severe headaches for the past four weeks. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography showed an enhancing mass in the sphenoid sinus, bilateral cerebellar infarcts and aneurysmal dilatation of the basilar artery. The differential diagnosis included fungal infection versus neoplastic lesion. The scrappings taken through the endoscope from the sphenoid sinus were initially negative for fungal infection. However, the second biopsy, done after putting him on antifungal, itraconazole 200 mg twice daily, revealed the presence of a fungal infection (aspergillosis). MR imaging revealed extension of the fungal infection from the sphenoid sinus …

Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Disease Evolution, Staging, Response Assessment, And Ct Features That Predict Response To Corticosteroid Therapy, Dushyant V. Sahani, Nisha I. Sainani, Vikram Deshpande, Mehrine S. Shaikh, Dmitry L. Frinkelberg, Carlos Fernandez-Del Castillo

Department of Radiology

Purpose:To evaluate the evolution of morphologic features of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) at computed tomography (CT) and to identify imaging features that can predict AIP response to corticosteroid therapy (CST). Materials and

Methods:

This HIPAA-compliant retrospective study had institutional review board approval. From among a cohort of 63 Patients with AIP, 15 Patients (12 men, three women, mean age, 64.7 years, age range, 30-84 years) who underwent sequential CT examinations before treatment were included to assess the evolution of disease by reviewing pancreatic, peripancreatic, and ductal changes. Of these Patients, 13 received CST and underwent posttreatment CT, these CT studies …

Beyond Aica Riboside: In Search Of New Specific Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Activators, Bruno Guigas, Kei Sakamoto, Nellie Taleux, Sara M. Reyna, Nicolas Musi, Benoit Viollet, Louis Hue

School of Medicine Publications

5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICA riboside) has been extensively used in vitro and in vivo to activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a metabolic sensor involved in both cellular and whole body energy homeostasis. However, it has been recently highlighted that AICA riboside also exerts AMPK-independent effects, mainly on AMP-regulated enzymes and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), leading to the conclusion that new compounds with reduced off target effects are needed to specifically activate AMPK. Here, we review recent findings on newly discovered AMPK activators, notably on A-769662, a nonnucleoside compound from the thienopyridone family. We also report that A-769662 is able to activate …

Ecological Risk Models For Visceral Leishmaniais [Sic] In Bahia, Brazil And Diagnosis Of Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection In Dogs In South Central Louisiana, Prixia Nieto

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Three predictive models were developed within a geographic information system using earth observing satellite remote sensing (RS), the Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction (GARP) and the growing degree day-water budget (GDD-WB) concept to predict the distribution and potential risk of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the State of Bahia, Brazil. The objective was to define the environmental suitability of the disease as well as to obtain a deeper understanding of the eco-epidemiology of VL by associating environmental and climatic variables with disease prevalence. The RS, the GARP model and the GDD-WB model, using different analysis approaches and with the same human …

A New Pulsed Electric Field Therapy For Melanoma Disrupts The Tumor's Blood Supply And Causes Complete Remission Without Recurrence, Richard Nuccitelli, Xinhua Chen, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Wallace H. Baldwin, Saleh Sheikh, Jennifer L. Pomicter, Wei Ren, Chris Osgood, R. James Swanson, Juergen F. Kolb, Stephen J. Beebe, Karl H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

We have discovered a new, ultrafast therapy for treating skin cancer that is extremely effective with a total electric field exposure time of only 180 mu sec. The application of 300 high-voltage (40 kV/cm), ultrashort (300 nsec) electrical pulses to murine melanomas in vivo triggers both necrosis and apoptosis, resulting in complete tumor remission within an average of 47 days in the 17 animals treated. None of these melanomas recurred during a 4-month period after the initial melanoma had disappeared. These pulses generate small, long-lasting, rectifying nanopores in the plasma membrane of exposed cells, resulting in increased membrane permeability to …

Handbook On Sensitive Practice For Health Care Practitioners: Lessons From Adult Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Candice L. Schachter, Carol A. Stalker, Eli Teram, Gerri C. Lasiuk, Alanna Danilkewich

Lyle S. Hallman Social Work Faculty Publications

This handbook is the culmination of a multiphase, multidisciplinary research project that used grounded theory and participatory action research to illuminate ways that healthcare providers can work sensitively (in a trauma-informed way) with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse.

The research identified nine Principles of Sensitive Practice: respect, rapport, taking time, sharing information and control, respecting boundaries, fostering mutual learning, understanding non-linear healing and demonstrating an understanding of trauma to patients. Specific guidelines were developed for a wide variety of issues pertinent to clinical practice such as, removal of clothing, touch, responding to disclosures of abuse, managing triggers among others. …

Kangaroo Care In The Nicu: A Practice Guideline, April M. Lee

Theses and Dissertations

Infants weighing less than 2500 grams at birth regardless of gestational age are considered low birthweight (LBW) infants (Conde-Aguedelo, Diaz-Rossello, & Belizan, 2003). These infants have a high mortality rate, and often have developmental problems. Every year, there are over 25 million LBW infants born, and most of them are born in developing countries, where they have an even greater morbidity and mortality risk (Conde-Aguedelo, Diaz-Rossello, & Belizan, 2003). In 1978, two physicians. Dr. Rey and Dr. Martinez, proposed and developed the kangaroo mother care (KMC) method at Instituto Materno Infantil in Bogota, Colombia. This method was developed out of …

Comparison Of The Results Of Serum Total Protein Concentration Measured By 3 Methods: Preliminary Results, Teodora M. Georgieva, Dimitrinka S. Zapryanova, Evgeniya V. Dishlyanova, Stoyan I. Tanev, Ivan P. Georgiev, Maria I. Andonova, Ivan N. Kanelov, Lazarin V. Lazarov, Petya I. Koleva

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study provides the results from a comparative study of the 3 commonly used methods for total protein (TP) measurement. The experiments were carried out with 6 dogs (4-7 year-old, weighing 12.8 ± 1.4 kg). Five blood samples were obtained by saphena venepuncture from all dogs, during the time course of the experimentally induced infection with Staphylococcus intermedius, administered subcutaneously at a dose rate of 5 ml of 1.10^9 CFU/ml within 14 days. TP concentration was measured by 2 macro protein techniques - biuret method (commonly used) and method of Lowry, and a modified version of biuret method (micro …

Association Of Polymorphisms In The Intron 1 Of Duck Prolactin With Egg Performance, Hui Fang Li, Wen Qi Zhu, Kuan Wei Chen, Tang Jie Zhang, Wei Tao Song

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Gaoyou duck (Chinese indigenous breed) is famous for double-yolked egg. In the present study, SNP of prolactin (PRL) gene intron 1 of Gaoyou duck was detected by PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing. The results indicated that there were 2 Dra I recognition sites in intron 1 of the PRL gene, but only 1 was of polymorphism. A T/C mutation at the position of the 1326 bp of the PRL gene was found by DNA sequencing, and resulted in 3 genotypes AA, AB, and BB. The frequencies of genotype BB and allele B were the highest. The association analysis between the polymorphism …

Prevalence And Etiology Of Subclinical Mastitis In Awassi Dairy Ewes In Southern Turkey, Yaşar Ergün, Özkan Aslantaş, Gökhan Doğruer, Ekrem Ki̇reçci̇, Mustafa K. Saribay, Cafer Tayyar Ateş, Alev Ülkü, Cemi̇l Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In order to study the prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis a bacteriological survey on 16 Awassi dairy sheep flocks in southern Turkey was conducted. A total of 1458 milk samples from 729 Awassi ewes in mid-lactation were tested with the California mastitis test (CMT). Samples from 170 (11.7%) glands and 135 (18.5%) sheep had positive CMT results. Bacteria were isolated from 93 (6.4%) udder halves and 82 (11.2%) ewes. Positive CMT and bacteriological results were combined to define subclinical mastitis. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis and positive CMT samples among the different flocks ranged from 1.9% to 11.5% and …

Fattening Costs Of Beef Breeds Reared Under Controlled Conditions And The Determination Of Optimum Fattening Period, Ahmet Şahi̇n, Bülent Mi̇ran, İbrahi̇m Yildirim, Alper Önenç, Ahmet Alçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The primary purpose of this study was to calculate the fattening costs of different cattle breeds reared under controlled conditions and to determine the optimal fattening period that will maximize the net profit. The data were from 21 bullocks consisting of 7 Holstein, 7 Piedmont × Holstein, and 7 Limousin × Holstein cross-breed cattle reared and fattened in the closed tie-stall experiment barns of the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey. The data used for the analysis were from the year 1999, but were updated for 2007. The fattening period lasted 280 days, after a rearing period of 195 days. The …

A Case Report Of Ulcerative Lymphangitis (A Mini Review Of Causes And Current Therapies), Fereydon Rezazadeh Zavoshti, Amir Babak Sioofy-Khojine, Hassan Ali Mahpeikar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ulcerative lymphangitis, or pigeon fever, is a bacterial infection of the lymphatic vessels of the skin in horses, cattle, sheep, and goats. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the classical cause of the disease. However, other pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus have been isolated from cases of ulcerative lymphangitis. The aim of this report is to review the causes of pyoderma and skin abscesses in horses with specific attention to Staphylococcus aureus. A 10-year-old Thoroughbred stallion was examined in the suburbs of Tabriz (northwest of Iran) in February 2007. Skin abscesses were present around the hock joints on the hind limbs, on the …

Occurrence Of Haematopinus Suis Linnaeus, 1758 (Insecta, Anopluridae) On A Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa), Oya Gi̇ri̇şgi̇n, A. Onur Gi̇ri̇şgi̇n, Fi̇gen Sönmez, Ç. Volkan Akyol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A wild boar (Sus scrofa) about 2 years old was brought to our parasitology laboratory from Orhaneli region, Bursa province. It was examined for ectoparasites and 32 lice collected from the animal's head were inspected and identified as Haematopinus suis. Five of them were found to be as nymphs, whereas 27 were adults. This paper is the first report of H. suis found in Bursa province, Turkey.

Abatteuses Forestières : Dispositif Et Circuits De Commande Relatifs À La Sécurité, Laurent Giraud, Yuvin Chinniah, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Joseph-Jean Paques, Marina Koutchouk, Renaud Daigle

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les abatteuses forestières sont des engins tout-terrains conçus pour évoluer en forêt, qui servent de véhicule moteur pour déplacer une tête d’abattage.

L’utilisation d’abatteuses avec une tête d’abattage multifonctionnelle s’est largement répandue au Québec ces dernières années pour deux raisons :

• Cette méthode d’abattage réduit la machinerie car une seule machine tronçonne et façonne les arbres en billots, là où il en fallait plusieurs avec les anciennes méthodes;
• La méthode d’abattage abîme moins le sol de la forêt car le façonnage des arbres se fait sur place et crée ainsi un tapis végétal.

L’IRSST a lancé une série d’études sur …

The Application Of Visual Phonics And Phonological Awareness Interventions To Address Language Impairment In Preschool Children, Jodi Dyke

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two phonological awareness interventions on the development of auditory comprehension, expressive language, semantics, and syntax. Specifically, the study examined the effect of phonological awareness intervention integrated with See the Sound/Visual Phonics hand cues versus only phonological awareness intervention. Twenty-seven children identified as speech and/or language delayed were assigned to one of three groups that received (a) phonological awareness instruction, (b) phonological awareness instruction coupled with visual phonics hand cues, or (c) no intervention. Seven children were designated as a control group and twenty were placed in one of two …

Visionary Spring 2009, College Of Optometry

Visionary

No abstract provided.

Mitochondrial Fragmentation Is Involved In Methamphetamine-Induced Cell Death In Rat Hippocampal Neural Progenitor Cells., Changhai Tian, L. Charles Murrin, Jialin C. Zheng

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

Methamphetamine (METH) induces neurodegeneration through damage and apoptosis of dopaminergic nerve terminals and striatal cells, presumably via cross-talk between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria-dependent death cascades. However, the effects of METH on neural progenitor cells (NPC), an important reservoir for replacing neurons and glia during development and injury, remain elusive. Using a rat hippocampal NPC (rhNPC) culture, we characterized the METH-induced mitochondrial fragmentation, apoptosis, and its related signaling mechanism through immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. We observed that METH induced rhNPC mitochondrial fragmentation, apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation. The mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and reactive oxygen …