Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Covid-19 Induces Cns Cytokine Expression And Loss Of Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Allison L Soung, Abigail Vanderheiden, Xiaoping Jiang, Traci Bricker, Adrianus C M Boon, Robyn S Klein, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with acute and postacute cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms including impaired memory, concentration, attention, sleep and affect. Mechanisms underlying these brain symptoms remain understudied. Here we report that SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters exhibit a lack of viral neuroinvasion despite aberrant blood-brain barrier permeability. Hamsters and patients deceased from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also exhibit microglial activation and expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, especially within the hippocampus and the medulla oblongata, when compared with non-COVID control hamsters and humans who died from other infections, cardiovascular disease, uraemia or trauma. In the …

Initial Single Surgeon Evaluation Comparing C-Arm Fluoroscopy With The Cirq Robotic Assistance Device For Instrumentation Of The Thoracolumbar Spine, Sohum K. Desai, Jennifer Adams

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Objective

To compare our experience with pedicle screw insertion of the thoracolumbar spine utilizing the Cirq robot assistance device compared with traditional paradigm using fluoroscopy.

Methods

We prospectively collected data of patients undergoing pedicle screw instrumentation in the thoracolumbar spine performed by a single surgeon at three different centers. One center took delivery of the Cirq robotic assistance device. Remaining two centers used C-arm fluoroscopy. Demographic information, diagnosis, total OR time, intraoperative complications, unexpected return to the operating room, and hospital readmissions within 90 days was compared between the two cohorts.

Results

A total of 166 screws were placed during …

Data Driven Classification Of Opioid Patients Using Machine Learning - An Investigation, Saddam Al Amin, Md Saddam Hossain Mukta, Md Sezan Mahmud Saikat, Md Ismail Hossain, Md Adnanul Islam, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Sami Azam

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The opioid crisis has led to an increased number of drug overdoses in recent years. Several approaches have been established to predict opioid prescription by health practitioners. However, due to the complex nature of the problem, the accuracy of such methods is not yet satisfactory. Dependable and reliable classification of opioid dependent patients from well-grounded data sources is essential. Majority of the previous studies do not focus on the users’ mental health association for opioid intake classification. These studies do not also employ the latest deep learning based techniques such as attention and knowledge distillation mechanism to find better insights. …

How Healthcare Providers Can Support Timely Cervical And Breast Cancer Screenings For Individuals With Disabilities, Rachel Byers, Timothy Keady

All Current Publications

This fact sheet outlines how healthcare providers can apply current evidence and best practices in screening for cervical cancer and breast cancer in individuals with disabilities.

The Importance Of Pediatric Provider Awareness Of Social Determinants Of Health And The Impact On Health Outcomes: An Integrative Review, Whitney Lenelle Dowd

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Social determinants of health have become a global concern over the past several years. Efforts to reduce negative health outcomes related to social determinants of health are of high priority. Awareness of this issue by providers, especially pediatric providers, must be considered to help combat this major concern. A researcher seeks through an integrative review to determine provider perspective on social determinants of health, impact of social determinants of health on outcomes, and ways of integrating social determinants into prescriptive practice. The integrative review will inform stakeholders about the importance of pediatric provider assessment of social determinants of health and …

How Does The Use Of Telemonitoring In Adult Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension Improve Blood Pressure Control? An Integrative Review, Lucie Bakop

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Hypertension is an evolving problem worldwide and it constitutes a great risk for cardiovascular diseases. Despite the research and new drugs on the market to manage high blood pressure, hypertension remains the leading cause of disability-adjusted life and death worldwide. With many people suffering from hypertension around the world, and the burden of uncontrolled hypertension, it is imperative to find an intervention that can improve blood pressure control. To better target uncontrolled hypertension, the conventional method of management of high blood pressure based on in-person visits has shown some limitations and it must be combined with a contemporary approach that …

Implementation Of The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (Gad-7) Screening Tool In A Mental Health Outpatient Clinic, Ella Bosunglan Gang

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Purpose: The prevalent disorder known as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can have various negative consequences. GAD harms individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. People with GAD frequently experience a crippling decrease in their physical and mental health. When generalized anxiety disorders are combined with the pressures of pre-existing medical conditions, the quality of life can be significantly impacted. GAD severely impairs social and functional functioning, resulting in frequent clinic appointments, doctor shopping, emergency room visits, high costs from family and employer treatment, and increased costs for global healthcare spending. Proper diagnosis is essential to effective treatment, and a …

Comparing Student Perceptions In Traditional And Online Anatomy & Physiology Courses At The Community College Level, Benjamin Curtis Wright

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This paper is intended to compare student perceptions of learning environments within anatomy & physiology I and II courses at the community college level. Literature suggests that student perceptions vary depending on the learning environment. The purpose of this study stems from very little research within science courses. Students participating in the research will be grouped into two categories based on the type, of course, they are completing: A traditional face-to-face course or a distance education course. All learning materials within the courses are identical. The Distance Education Learning Environments Survey (DELES) will be used to gather data on student …

Best Strategies To Address Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals: An Integrative Review, Kimberly Ann Delbo

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this integrative literature review (ILR) is to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of past empirical and theoretical literature related to the phenomenon of burnout while sharing a synthesis of literature. This ILR explores, critiques, summarizes, and analyzes best practices and interventions to address burnout and promote engagement and well-being among health care workers within acute care hospitals. The scientific basis for this ILR was the premise that a relationship exists between burnout interventions and organizational cultures which can be positively influenced by relational and social leadership styles that reduce work-related stressors and create positive, professional, healthy …

Implementation Of A Medical Emergency Chain Of Command Protocol In The School Setting, Vikki Shannon Brannon

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Medical emergencies occur every day in school settings across America. School nurses have a vital role in providing care for individuals experiencing a medical emergency and leading a multidisciplinary team during a medical emergency event. Since incidences of medical emergencies are commonplace, it is standard to have protocols and guidelines for these events. To address this concern, an evidence-based practice project was implemented in a rural school district in North Georgia. The pilot project was developed and implemented to assess the effectiveness of implementing a “Medical Emergency Chain of Command Protocol.” The protocol was developed to improve the effectiveness and …

Antibody Epitope Profiling Of The Kshv Lana Protein Using Virscan, Sydney J. Bennett, Dicle Yalcin, Sara R. Privatt, Owen Ngalamika, Salum J. Lidenge, John T. West, Charles Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The humoral antibody response against Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in infected individuals has been characterized demonstrating the latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) as the most antigenic KSHV protein. Despite the antigenicity of the protein, specific LANA epitopes have not been systematically characterized. Here, we utilized a bacteriophage T7 library, which displays 56-amino acid KSHV LANA peptides with 28-amino acid overlap (VirScan), to define those epitopes in LANA targeted by antibodies from a cohort of 62 sub-Saharan African Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) patients and 22 KSHV-infected asymptomatic controls. Intra- and inter-patient breadth and magnitude of the anti-LANA responses were quantified at the peptide …

Interdisciplinary Telementoring For Therapists In Snfs To Improve Dementia Care Knowledge And Skills, Gina Tucker-Roghi

Occupational Therapy | Faculty Scholarship

Occupational, physical, and speech therapists possess knowledge and skills that have the potential to reduce the burden of care and improve the quality of life of skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents living with dementia. Despite this opportunity to impact the well-being of residents with dementia, many therapy practitioners lack specialized training on the management of dementia. Therapy practitioners (n=31) from 22 SNFs participated in eight weekly interdisciplinary educational sessions using the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Health Outcomes) tele-mentoring model. An interdisciplinary team of therapy experts collaborated on the development of the curriculum, which included didactic content on dementia-care best …

How To Manage The Initiation Of Apomorphine Therapy Without Antiemetic Pretreatment: A Review Of The Literature, Stuart H. Isaacson, Richard B. Dewey, Rajesh Pahwa, Daniel E. Kremens

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Introduction

Pretreatment with the antiemetic trimethobenzamide has been recommended practice in the United States (US) to address the risk of nausea and vomiting during initiation of apomorphine treatment. However, trimethobenzamide is no longer being manufactured in the US, and despite the recent update to the US prescribing information, there may be uncertainty regarding how to initiate apomorphine.

Methods

To better understand why antiemetic pretreatment was recommended and if it is necessary when initiating apomorphine therapy, we performed a literature review of subcutaneous apomorphine therapy initiation with and without antiemetic pretreatment in patients with PD.

Results

Three studies were identified as …

Arginine Methylation Of The Pgc-1Α C‑Terminus Is Temperature- Dependent, Meryl Mendoz, Mariel Mendoza, Tiffany Lubrino, Sidney Briski, Immaculeta Osuji, Janielle Cuala, Brendan Ly, Ivan Ocegueda, Harvey Peralta, Benjamin A. Garcia, Cecilia Zurita-Lopez

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

We set out to determine whether the C-terminus (amino acids 481–798) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α, UniProt Q9UBK2), a regulatory metabolic protein involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and respiration, is an arginine methyltransferase substrate. Arginine methylation by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) alters protein function and thus contributes to various cellular processes. In addition to confirming methylation of the C-terminus by PRMT1 as described in the literature, we have identified methylation by another member of the PRMT family, PRMT7. We performed in vitro methylation reactions using recombinant mammalian PRMT7 and PRMT1 at 37, 30, 21, 18, and 4 °C. …

The Impact Of Vitamin A Deficiency On Tuberculosis Progression, Brendan K Podell, Omowunmi Aibana, Chuan-Chin Huang, James E Dilisio, Macallister C Harris, David F Ackart, Kody Armann, Alexander Grover, Patrice Severe, Marc Antoine Jean Juste, Kathryn Dupnik, Randall J Basaraba, Megan B Murray

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have shown that vitamin A deficiency is associated with incident tuberculosis (TB) disease, the direction of the association has not been established. We investigated the impact of vitamin A deficiency on TB disease progression.

METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study nested within a randomized clinical trial among HIV-infected patients in Haiti. We compared serial vitamin A levels in individuals who developed TB disease to controls matched on age, gender, follow-up time, and time to antiretroviral therapy initiation. We also evaluated histopathology, bacterial load, and immune outcomes in TB infection in a guinea pig model of …

Relationship Of Cognition And Alzheimer’S Disease With Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders: A Large-Scale Genetic Overlap And Mendelian Randomisation Analysis, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Eleanor K. O’Brien, Tenielle Porter, Simon M. Laws

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Emerging observational evidence suggests links between cognitive impairment and a range of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying their relationships remain unclear. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association studies’ summary statistics, we comprehensively assessed genetic overlap and potential causality of cognitive traits and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with several GIT disorders. We demonstrate a strong and highly significant inverse global genetic correlation between cognitive traits and GIT disorders — peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastritis-duodenitis, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Further analysis detects 35 significant (p < 4.37 × 10 ^{− 5}) bivariate local genetic …

Ccl4 Regulates Eosinophil Activation In Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation, Hanh Hong Chu, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Dan Van Bui, Yasutaka Yun, Linh Manh Nguyen, Akitoshi Mitani, Kensuke Suzuki, Mikiya Asako, Akira Kanda, Hiroshi Iwai

Journal Articles

Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a refractory airway disease accompanied by eosinophilic inflammation, the mechanisms of which are unknown. We recently found that CCL4/MIP-1β-a specific ligand for CCR5 receptors-was implicated in eosinophil recruitment into the inflammatory site and was substantially released from activated eosinophils. Moreover, it was found in nasal polyps from patients with ECRS, primarily in epithelial cells. In the present study, the role of epithelial cell-derived CCL4 in eosinophil activation was investigated. First, CCL4 expression in nasal polyps from patients with ECRS as well as its role of CCL4 in eosinophilic airway inflammation were investigated in an in …

Educating School Nurses To Improve Bowel Continence In Children With Spina Bifida, Mckinley J. Waugh, Tracy L. Brewer, Lisa Wagoner

Graduate Publications and Other Selected Works - Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Children born with spina bifida, a neural tube defect, can have associated loss of bowel control resulting in bowel incontinence. The National Patient Spina Bifida Registry found that 87% of those living with spina bifida had bowel incontinence, and less than 30% were bowel continent (Sawin et al., 2015; Wiener et al., 2017). Unfortunately, providers may never start a child living with spina bifida on a bowel management program. Evidence suggests that children with spina bifida should begin a bowel management program early, using a stepwise approach. School nurses, who interact with children living with spinal bifida while attending school, …

Investigating The Effectiveness Of Prehospital Recognition And Administration Of Intravenous Antibiotics In Septic Patients, Laura Keane, Ian Peterson

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: To compare the 30-day mortality rate of suspected sepsis patients who received prehospital (Emergency Medical Services- EMS) antibiotic administration in an ambulance as compared to antibiotic administration in the hospital. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Research was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar with the search terms: sepsis, antibiotics, prehospital, EMS, ambulance. The 3 articles selected were chosen after removing articles not from a randomized control trial, no antibiotic administration, and not a free article. Results: From our meta-analysis of the three studies, we concluded that providing antibiotics before arriving at the hospital for patients with suspected septic infections. …

Multiplex Immunofluorescence-Guided Laser Capture Microdissection For Spatial Transcriptomics Of Metastatic Melanoma Tissues., Jan Martinek, Te-Chia Wu, Lili Sun, Jianan Lin, Kyung In Kim, Florentina Marches, Paul Robson, Joshy George, Karolina Palucka

Faculty Research 2022

We describe a pipeline for optimized and streamlined multiplexed immunofluorescence-guided laser capture microdissection allowing the harvest of individual cells based on their phenotype and tissue localization for transcriptomic analysis with next-generation RNA sequencing. Here, we analyze transcriptomes of CD3+ T cells, CD14+ monocytes/macrophages, and melanoma cells in non-dissociated metastatic melanoma tissue. While this protocol is described for melanoma tissues, we successfully applied it to human tonsil, skin, and breast cancer tissues as well as mouse lung tissues. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Martinek et al. (2022).

Extrachromosomal Dna (Ecdna): An Origin Of Tumor Heterogeneity, Genomic Remodeling, And Drug Resistance., Lauren T Pecorino, Roel G W Verhaak, Anton Henssen, Paul S Mischel

Faculty Research 2022

The genome of cancer cells contains circular extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) elements not found in normal cells. Analysis of clinical samples reveal they are common in most cancers and their presence indicates poor prognosis. They often contain enhancers and driver oncogenes that are highly expressed. The circular ecDNA topology leads to an open chromatin conformation and generates new gene regulatory interactions, including with distal enhancers. The absence of centromeres leads to random distribution of ecDNAs during cell division and genes encoded on them are transmitted in a non-mendelian manner. ecDNA can integrate into and exit from chromosomal DNA. The numbers of …

2022-12-16_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Use Of Cardiomems Hf Sensor In Management Of Nyha Class Iii Heart Failure, Trevor Andrunik, Anne Eady

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: Assess the ability of continuous pulmonary artery pressure monitoring via implantable CardioMEMs HF device to reduce hospitalization in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III heart failure patients over the age of 18. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Searches were conducted via PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov using the single search term “CardioMEMs.” Inclusion criteria narrowed results to studies performed in the last 10 years, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and utilizing heart failure related hospitalization as the primary endpoint. Results: The current data unanimously asserts that the CardioMEMs HF device is effective at reducing heart failure related hospitalizations, with secondary …

The Safety And Efficacy Of Pravastatin In The Treatment Of Preeclampsia, Miranda Shelly, Tara Riley

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: Assess the efficacy of pravastatin in the prevention or treatment of preeclampsia in women who are at risk. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: A search was performed using Pubmed utilizing the terms preeclampsia and pravastatin. The results were limited to studies that were double blind and placebo controlled and that occurred in the last 5 years. Results: None of the studies found statistical significance in the rate of preeclampsia between the experimental and control groups. Only one study found statistically significant differences in fetal birth weight and age at delivery. The other two studies found no differences between groups …

The Use Of Kernig’S And Brudzinski’S Sign In Determining Meningitis: A Review, Crystal T. Duong, Ashton Hughes, Kerem Yilmaz

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: Assess the diagnostic value of Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs in determining meningitis among individuals aged 18 to 64. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Searches done in PubMed utilizing the terms Kernig and Brudzinski. In PubMed, studies were excluded if not in English, older than 2000 or done on animals, and meta-analyses. Results: Three studies were found including Nakao JH, et al, Thomas KE, et al, and Waghdhare S, et al. Conclusion: Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs have high specificity but yield a low sensitivity in determining meningitis. They are great tools to be utilized by medical providers, but only support …

Use Of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir And Rilpivirine In Hiv Maintenance Therapy, Andrea K. Ferrero, Nabil Naim

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

To determine if long-acting injectables cabotegravir and rilpivirine are non-inferior to oral antiretroviral therapy at maintaining viral load suppression below 50 copies per milliliter of serum. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: A search was done in PubMed using the terms “HIV + cabotegravir” or “HIV + cabotegravir, rilpivirine drug combination.” Limitations included non-randomized control trials, comparison of injectable regimens directly or injectables to placebo, studies that evaluate compliance or side effects only, and studies with small sample sizes. Results: Meta-analysis revealed that continued use of injectables was sufficient in maintaining viral suppression at 93.6%, 92.5%, and 94% in each of …

Integrating A Biblical Worldview In Nursing Practice, Hannah Malafy

Honors Senior Colloquium

The Christian of today has the weighty task of discerning biblical truth in the midst of widely varying perspectives on every matter imaginable—especially in the healthcare setting. This essay aims to bring clarity to this mission by outlining the basic content of a biblical worldview, the defining characteristics of the nursing profession, and how the Christian with a biblical worldview approaches two specific areas of contention within the nursing profession.

Is A Lumbar Puncture Necessary? Identifying The Need For A Lp With A Negative Ct Scan When Diagnosing A Non-Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Carlee Raymond, Erin S. Lang

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: To assess the current standard for the detection of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and evaluate the need for a lumbar puncture with a negative head CT. Is a negative head CT thorough enough to definitively rule out a SAH?

Design: Systematic literature review

Methods: Our research began on the PubMed database using the search terms Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Lumbar Puncture. We filtered our data with filters including; data in the last ten years, primary research, and full text articles.

Results: Retrospective studies include; Bianchi et al. (2021), Chee et al. (2020) and Tulla et al.(2018). All three studies showed …

Prophylactic Intravenous Prehydration With Sodium Bicarbonate Or Sodium Chloride In The Prevention Of Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury, Briana Lockett, Caroline Dong

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Introduction: Iodinated contrast media is a crucial component in the diagnostic work up of many life-threatening illnesses. However, it has been reported to cause acute kidney injury after administration, especially in patients with pre-existing renal disease. Several prophylactic treatments have been studied in hopes of minimizing these adverse events. The current standard of care in this patient population is prophylactic intravenous volume administration with either sodium chloride or sodium bicarbonate. Objective: The goal of this literature review is to determine if prophylactic intravenous volume administration with either saline or sodium bicarbonate prior to contrast administration decreases the incidence of contrast …

Effect Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells On Osteoarthritis Of The Knee, Brendan Avery, Jessica Gray

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Osteoarthritis of the knee is one the most common sources of chronic pain due to altered joint function.¹ Current treatment modalities offer short term relief of symptoms but lack long term aid and regenerative properties.¹ Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) offer regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties and can be collected from umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, or bone marrow.⁴ The three studies included were all randomized controlled trials within the past 10 years that each utilized more than 30 participants who had a diagnosis of osteoarthritis and a mean age above 50 years old. MSCs were compared to corticosteroid …