Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A168: The Effects Of Physical Activity And Family Environment On Executive Function In Preschool Children, Siyi Zhang, Chunrong Wang, Dongmei Luo, Sha Qu, Xing Zhao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation of physical activity, the family objective environment, and executive function development of children aged 4–6 years, this study analyzed the correlation between the three, so as to explore the influence of family objective environment and physical activity on executive function, and provide a reference for families and kindergartens to formulate effective interventions to improve the level of physical activity and executive function of preschoolers.

Method: A total of 123 preschool children aged 4–6 years old in a kindergarten in Beijing were selected as study participants. The Acti Graph GT3X+ …

A166: Effects Of Mind-Body Exercises On Women Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis, Peng Pei, Liqing Zeng, Yan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Mind-body exercise (MBE) is a non-pharmacological and low-intensity multimodal form of exercise with reliable benefits for improving quality of life (QOL) and relieving cancer-related symptoms. Currently, there is a lack of consensus in clinical studies on the optimal form of MBE to improve QOL and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in BC survivors. Therefore, this network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to quantitatively analyze and rank different MBE interventions for women BC survivors, thereby improving the accuracy and generalization of …

A175: Effects Of Physical Activity Interventions On Physical Fitness In Chinese Preschool Children: A Systematic Review, Jintao Hong, Jingjing Wang, Sitong Chen, Jie Feng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: The early years are a critical period for the development of health-related physical fitness (PF). National surveillance data showed that PF decreased among Chinese preschool children aged 3-6 years. There is a widespread call for effective physical activity (PA) intervention strategies for this age group. Nevertheless, the depth and breadth of the evidence on such interventions in Chinese preschoolers remains relatively small. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of PA interventions on PF in typically developing Chinese young children.

Methods: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a …

A167: The Impact Of Physical Exercise On Subjective Well-Being In Elementary Students: A Chain Mediation Model, Xinwei Wu, Mengyue Hu, Youfa Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Physical exercise has been recognized for its beneficial effects on emotional states, with previous research highlighting its positive correlation with subjective well-being. However, the pathways through which physical exercise influences subjective well-being remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which physical exercise impacted subjective well-being among elementary school students, analyzing the chain mediating role of peer relationships and depression.

Methods: The study sampled 15,538 fourth-grade students from 312 elementary schools in Taiyuan City, including 7,838 boys (50.5%) and 7,690 girls (49.5%), with an average age of 10.38 ± 0.56 years. Data collection was conducted on October …

A176: Meta-Analysis Of The Effects Of Phototherapy On Sleep Quality Across Different Populations, Zhen Chen, Wenqiang Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Sleep, a fundamental physiological need for humans, significantly impacts an individual's physical and mental health. Phototherapy, a non-pharmacological intervention, has been extensively researched in recent years to improve sleep quality. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of phototherapy on sleep quality across different populations through a meta-analysis, using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as the outcome measure, thereby providing a scientific basis for improving the population health levels and life quality.

Method: As of March 1, 2024, this study conducted a systematic search of four databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI. A comprehensive set of inclusion …

A177: Association Between Physical Activity And The Risk Of Depression Among Middle And Older Chinese People, Yunqing Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Relevant studies have shown that insufficient physical activity (PA) is associated with the risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly populations, but the relationship between different levels of PA and the risk of depression remains unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the relationship between different levels of PA and depression risk among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods: The survey data of this study was based on the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 13,316 middle-aged and elderly community residents aged 45 years or older with complete values of …

A178: Effect Of Aerobic Exercise Intervention On Anxiety In College Students: A Systematic Review, Yiming Chen, Shengting Dai, Xinming Ye

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: The role of exercise interventions in the treatment of psychiatric disorders is receiving increased attention, and the positive protective effect of aerobic exercise on anxiety symptoms has now been extensively demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the systematic evaluation of the effects of different aerobic exercise interventions on anxiety symptoms in college students.

Method: Using keywords such as “physical activity,” “anxiety,” and “college students” screened Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until February 2024 in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 5073 studies were retrieved after systematically searching individual databases. After removing duplicate literature, 4112 …

A173: An Experimental Study Of The Effects Of Exercise Intervention On Executive Function In Obese Adolescents, Lingling Hu, Hengchan Yin, Lei Cui, Qiqi Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Executive function (EF) is an important component of cognitive function, referring to a higher-level cognitive process that coordinates and controls various basic cognitive processes when completing complex cognitive tasks. It includes three sub-functions: inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Globally, high rates of overweight and obesity remain a public health issue. Previous studies have shown that, compared to adolescents with healthy weight, adolescents with obesity have poorer inhibitory function in EF. In addition, the effectiveness of the exercise intervention is seen in the normal adolescent population as well as in special adolescents with poor EF. However, there have been …

A181: The Realistic Path Of Green Sports To Boost Urban Development, Xinyu Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Green sports is an emerging form of sports that pursues the integrated development and harmonious coexistence of sport, humanities, and ecology. As the interaction between the green sports industry and cities becomes increasingly closer, it is of great practical significance to explore how the development path of green sports can enhance urban development. Green sports have the characteristics of close industrial connection, environmental protection, low carbon, and a huge consumption base.

It can promote the transformation of social, economic, and ecological models of cities by bringing into play the economic vitality, social benefits, and ecological benefits of the green sports …

A180: The Effects Of Weight Control By Hypoxia On Judo Athletes With Hiit, Liying Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is recognized as an effective means of fat reduction, and HIIT is also used in the pre-competition weight control of judo. In addition, hypoxic adaptation can reduce blood lipids, maintain exercise capacity, and improve physical function. Therefore, this study explored the effects of weight control by hypoxia on judo athletes with HIIT by observing the changes of body composition, blood lipids, exercise ability and body function, so that to explore an innovative method of weight control pre-competition for judo athletes.

Methods: 12 female athletes of the provincial judo team preparing for the 2023 Guangdong Provincial …

A018: Dual-Process Advantages Of Ball Players In Sport-Related Domains, Xuechen Mao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Based on a dual-process framework, two qualitatively different modes of processing guide human behaviour. Type 1 processes refer to automatic, unconscious processing that can be responsible for Task 1, while Type 2 processes refer to controlled, conscious processing required by Task 2. Although many existing sport psychology studies emphasize that the dual-process model can be applied to the sports domain, this application has shortcomings. The first debate of this application is whether dual-process advantages in athletes are limited to sport-specific realms. Furthermore, although the dual-process framework pays more attention to automatic processes (Type 1 processes), it loses sight of …

A027: Does Participation In Sports Competitions Enhance Medical Students' Interprofessional Teamwork?, Guochun Liu, Zhiling Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Healthcare systems are complex linkages, and efficient interprofessional collaboration is essential to their efficiency, safety, and quality. The ability of medical students to collaborate across professions directly impacts future healthcare delivery practices. Physical education programmes provide a simple and easy way for medical students to develop interprofessional collaboration that can be translated into future team performance in clinical settings. To test the effectiveness of the physical education programme "competition instead of examination" in improving the teamwork ability of medical students.

Method: Using a quasi-experimental intervention design, 188 students were recruited from five classes to complete a teamwork scale consisting …

A047: Research On The Structure And Scale Of Service Quality Of Sports Park, Liping Xu, Zhihua Yin, Jian Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Since the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the vigorous promotion of China and the provincial and municipal governments, the number of sports parks has shown a continuous positive trend of growth. While accelerating the construction progress, how to improve the service quality of sports parks should become the primary issue that needs to be solved to promote the sustainable and healthy development of sports parks. Therefore, based on the perspective of public demand, this study formed a scientific assessment scale by exploring the specific content structure contained in the service quality of sports parks, to promote the high-quality development …

Are Leaders Born, Or Made?, William R. Chase D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The debate over whether leaders are born or made persists, but effective leadership often results from a combination of innate traits and learned skills. Transformational leaders inspire and motivate others, while transactional leaders focus on tasks without fostering personal connections. Servant leadership, particularly valued in the dental profession, emphasizes service to others, aligning naturally with patient care. Leadership styles, such as coercive, authoritative, and affiliative, demonstrate the complexity of leadership dynamics. Renowned authors like John C. Maxwell and Daniel Goleman emphasize adaptability and the importance of being a leader whom people want to follow. Effective leadership transcends settings, offering focus, …

Advocacy Spotlight: Understanding The Mda's Role With Dental Insurance Reimbursement Rates, Daniel Miller D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The Michigan Dental Association (MDA) is dedicated to advocating for members and advancing the dental profession. While federal laws prohibit the MDA from negotiating reimbursement rates with dental insurers, it provides significant support through education, advocacy, and resources.

Key initiatives include enhancing transparency in network leasing, endorsing PPO Negotiation Solutions to help practices optimize contracts, and offering educational programs on billing and coding. The MDA also facilitates peer networking and equips dentists with tools to navigate insurance challenges effectively.

Looking ahead, the MDA remains committed to empowering members through advocacy, guiding future dentists on contract literacy, and fostering a resilient …

Dentistry And The Law: Overlooked Purchase Agreement Terms, Daniel Schulte Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Selling a dental practice involves numerous legal, financial, and operational considerations. Assembling a team—including a lawyer, accountant, broker, and insurance professional—is crucial for ensuring a smooth transaction. While letters of intent are optional, they help define terms like exclusivity, due diligence, and confidentiality.

Purchase agreements, often drafted by the buyer’s lawyer, should detail asset allocation, tax implications, and handling of accounts receivable. Neglected areas such as work-in-process procedures and rework responsibilities must also be addressed to avoid disputes. Properly planning and negotiating these terms protects both buyer and seller, minimizing post-sale complications and ensuring a seamless transition of ownership.

The New Professional: A Guide To Finding A Mentor As A New Dentist, Amrita Patel D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Dr. Patel provides guidance for new dentists on finding and maintaining effective mentoring relationships. She emphasizes that mentors can offer valuable guidance during the transition from dental school to clinical practice. The article explains that mentors need not be exclusively dentists and can be found through various channels, including professional associations, dental societies, alumni networks, and social media platforms. It outlines strategies for identifying potential mentors by observing their clinical skills, professionalism, and leadership styles. The piece concludes with practical advice for maintaining productive mentoring relationships, including setting clear expectations, preparing for meetings, and maintaining consistent communication. The article emphasizes …

J Mich Dent Assoc December 2024

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Each month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association provides news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. It stands as the primary publication reaching Michigan dentists.

The December issue includes a timely cover feature on evidence supporting community water fluoridation, a clinical feature answering questions on patient dental records, a guest editorial on leadership by former MDA Journal Editor Dr. Bill Chase, and a Back Page article on how a personal touch makes a difference. We also provide our annual 2024 Author/Title Index and regular departments: The New Professional, …

Implementing Youth Mental Health First Aid Training In Cooperative Extension Programs, Anne Marie Iaccopucci, Monica M. Lobenstein, Kendra M. Lewis, Kea Norrell-Aitch

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Mental health challenges for youth continue to be a growing concern. Youth- serving organizations have the potential to play a significant role in recognizing the signs and symptoms of mental health challenges in youth. The Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA) training course is widely used to equip adults working with youth with skills to support mental health and de-escalate crisis situations. Cooperative Extension is a trusted organization in many local communities nationwide that delivers YMHFA. Program Leaders from 11 states, representing all five regions of Cooperative Extension, describe their successes and challenges in implementing YMHFA. Experienced program leaders suggest …

News You Can Use— Helping Older Adults Make Informed Food Choices, Chih-Cheng Lu, Sarah Francis

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

This cross-sectional study investigates the impact of the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP) Nutrition Education With Seniors (NEWS) program on the food-related challenges faced by older adults. The study used quarterly evaluations spanning 2012 to 2022, focusing on the application of newsletter information; 3,281 surveys were completed. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed for sociodemographic analysis, while z-tests with Bonferroni correction compared column proportions. Respondents were primarily female (64.5%), aged 60-69 (52.1%). Many encountered a decreased food supply (47.1%), yet experienced no impacts from these changes (47.3%.) Most used NEWS information for food choices (79.7%) and resource management (83.9%), …

Changes In Nutrition, Food Safety, And Physical Activity Behaviors: A Comparison Between The Peak Health And Performance And Teen Cuisine Curricula, Tyler B. Becker, Ronald J. Gibbs Jr.

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

This study compared the Peak Health and Performance curriculum (PHP) to the Teen Cuisine curriculum (TC) on improving nutrition, food safety, and physical activity (PA) behaviors among youth. The quasi-experimental study was conducted in Michigan middle and high schools and included 1007 5th- through 12th-grade students, who participated in either the PHP or the TC curriculum. There were 465 students in the PHP group and 495 students in the TC group. Nutrition, food safety, and PA behaviors were surveyed before and after each program. Individual curriculum pre- and post-scores were compared using a paired t-test, and between-group changes were examined …

Exploring Relationships And Predictors Of Job Embeddedness And Intent To Stay In Acute Care Registered Nurses, Nada Wakim, Myriam Bigaud-Ambroise, Laurie Cogar, Natalie Bermudez

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Registered nurse turnover is an enduring, ubiquitous global concern exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. An estimated 13 million worldwide nursing shortage is projected with increased domestic U.S. 2021 turnover and vacancy rates. Examining phenomena, such as job embeddedness (JE), may provide further insight into nurses’ multifaceted reasons for remaining in a position. Evidence shows that nurse-leader influence and nurses’ financial situations are also factors associated with JE and intent to stay (ITS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationships and predictors between nurse participants’ characteristics (including direct nurse leader [DNL] influence, familial financial contribution [FFC], …

Exploring Intensive Care Registered Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Family Support Person During Family-Witnessed Resuscitation, Carmen Petersen, Martha O. Morales, Natalie Bermudez

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrests are common occurrences that family members may be present for. Family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) is a well-studied, evidence-based practice with positive outcomes for family members. However, some nurses disagree with FWR because of the potential for family member disruptions. The presence of a hospital-employed family support person (FSP) dedicated to providing care to family members during FWR may be beneficial in improving nurses’ perspectives on FWR. While evidence shows the benefits of the FSP for family members during FWR, there is little evidence related to nurses’ perceptions of the FSP. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive …

Challenging A Sacred Cow: Implementing Clear Liquids During Labor, Paloma Casemeiro, Carey B. Acosta, Judith E. Bowling

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Traditionally, patients in labor could not have anything to eat or drink (nothing by mouth [NPO]) due to long-standing beliefs, often labeled "sacred cows." However, recent research indicated that clear liquids during labor can be safe and beneficial. Methods: Prior to implementing this project, the team collected information from 20 low-risk laboring mothers regarding their satisfaction level and their perception of the overall childbirth experience. Clear liquids were permitted for low-risk mothers and data were collected from the same population to evaluate the impact on their labor experience. The primary goal of this project was to challenge the “sacred …

A Multi-Pronged Collaborative Approach To Harness The Implementation And Sustainability Of Bedside Shift Report, Diane S. Kramer, Lourdes C. Castaneda, Catherina Chang Martinez, Shelli A. Chernesky, Lisette Hurtado, Harold Girado, Yessenia Muniz

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Implementing nurse bedside shift report (BSR) remains a critical practice during shift changes that improves the delivery of safe patient care. The practice of BSR remains susceptible to variability and sustainability in the acute care setting. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to harness the implementation and sustainability of BSR using a multi-pronged approach. We aimed to improve nurse-sensitive indicators discussed during the BSR process and include patients in the BSR process. Methods: Implementing Lorenzi and Riley's change cycle methodology, executives, leaders, and educators collaborated to create a multi-pronged approach to standardize the BSR process for nurses …

Nurse-Led Advocacy In Reducing 30-Day Readmission Rates For Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction, Lourdes M. Talavera, Madeleine Turco, Hector Gonzalez, Catherina Chang Martinez, Daniela Wintersteen, Stephanie Villadamigo, Alexandra Palau, Maria L. Perez, Cindy Delgado, Stephani Cardona, Christina Davis, Gustavo Ramirez, Marta Larranaga, Betty Muniz, Jessica G. Bundy

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and readmission rates. Evidence-based practice outlines that HFrEF patients should be on guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), including medication from four categories: renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, β-blockers approved for the treatment of heart failure, aldosterone antagonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. Nurse-led patient advocacy for patients to be discharged on GDMT can help reduce 30-day readmission rates in patients with HFrEF in an inpatient heart failure unit. The purpose of this project was to implement a new practice involving the utilization of a discharge form and empowering nurses …

Improving Mobility In Acute Care Patients With A Mobility Technician: A Quality Improvement Pilot Project, Oscar A. Acosta, Erin Shea, Madelyn Lliteras, Mary B. Gomes, Tiffany D. Baker, Catherina Chang Martinez

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Early mobilization during hospitalization remains an important element in the patient’s recovery and is associated with good clinical outcomes. Despite these benefits, nurses and physical therapists experience challenges from time constraints and competing responsibilities. Mobility technicians present an alternative for safe and early patient mobilization during hospitalization. Methods: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement a mobility technician program to improve patients’ mobility during their hospital stay. The setting was a medical-surgical nursing unit of a hospital in South Florida. A protocol was implemented in December 2023. Patients who met the criteria for ambulation using the …

Impact Of An Interdisciplinary Team On Patients Seen At A Heart Failure Clinic, Nilda Pelegrino, Faaria Quadri, Elaina Rosario, Jacqualine Igwe, Sandra Chaparro, Lourdes Labrada, Sara Panella, Maria Pulido, Stephen Breazeale, Zhenwei Zhang

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Background: Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that requires the involvement of interdisciplinary teams to address patient needs and optimize therapy. Interdisciplinary teams, including physicians, advanced practice practitioners, and pharmacists, play a crucial role in implementing guideline-directed medical therapy and addressing barriers to self-care that ultimately improve patients’ overall survival. This study assessed the impact of an interdisciplinary team on patients’ heart failure outcomes compared to patients solely managed by clinical cardiologists. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective chart review study of Baptist Health patients seen at the heart failure clinic. The study compared patients seen by an interdisciplinary …

The Life And Discoveries Of Yellapragada Subbarow, Nikhil R, Varuni Pragya, Subramanian Ramaswamy, Shiva Prasad B N, Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Dr. Yellapragada Subbarow was a researcher, teacher, and a wizard of wonder drugs who constantly made efforts in the discoveries/ inventions such as vitamins, anti-vitamins, antibiotics, and many more by disentangling the mysteries of nature for the betterment of the people. He inspired the youngsters to take up the challenges and to stand up above mediocrity. The reward for his achievement was delayed. The article describes a true humanist's journey, discoveries, and his achievements that are largely unknown to date.

Water Fluoridation: The Evidence Behind The Risk Of Fluoride Use, Margherita Fontana D.D.S., Ph.D., Carlos González-Cabezas D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D., Livia Tenuta D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The debate surrounding fluoride use for caries control has intensified due to recent events, including a National Toxicology Program (NTP) report and a court ruling mandating EPA action on fluoride levels in tap water.

Despite concerns about fluoride's potential neurodevelopmental impact at high concentrations, current evidence shows no adverse effects at the recommended levels of 0.7 ppm in U.S. community water fluoridation programs. While studies in regions with endemic fluorosis suggest an association between high fluoride exposure and lower IQ, methodological limitations undermine causal conclusions.

Global and U.S. health authorities, including the WHO and ADA, reaffirm the safety and efficacy …